Protein tyrosine kinases substrate 3 phosphoinositide dependent protein kinases. Medical search. Frequent questions

To address the possibility that activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR/FRAP), represents one of these pathways, we have examined the effect of simultaneous inhibition of the Ras-MAPK and PI3K-mTOR pathways on transformation of CEF by v-Src. (embl.de)
Normally, upon the stimulations by growth factors (GFs), the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are activated, and then recruit PI3K protein complex on the membrane to generate phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) from phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biophosphate (PIP2) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Tyrosine phosphorylation of RTKs, or adaptor proteins such as IRS-1 facilitate their binding with p85 regulatory subunits of PI3K, and then bring PI3K complex on membrane [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
cSH2 domain S690 phosphorylation decreases p85 binding affinity to tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins resulting in less PI3K membrane localization [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This pathway involves the sequential activation of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, and mTOR. (ebrary.net)
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling contributes to a variety of processes, mediating many aspects of cellular function, including nutrient uptake, anabolic reactions, cell growth, proliferation, and survival. (mdpi.com)
These findings indicate that the combined activities of PI3K and IKK1 drive peripheral B cell differentiation and survival in a context-dependent manner. (epf2013.org)
However, the phosphatidyl inositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has also been implicated in BAFF-R function (Baracho et al. (epf2013.org)
PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 is also the primary substrate for the phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase, PTEN, which antagonizes PI3K activity directly. (epf2013.org)
We AZD3463 provide evidence that CD19-dependent activation of the PI3K pathway is an important contributor to BAFF-mediated B cell survival. (epf2013.org)
ATM is usually a member of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-related protein kinase family, which also includes ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) and catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) [23]. (biomasswars.com)
2016) . A cross-species study of PI3K protein-protein interactions reveals the direct interaction of P85 and SHP2 . (sdbonline.org)
A fly-human cross-species comparison of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) interactome was conducted in a Drosophila S2R+ cell line and several NSCLC and human multiple myeloma cell lines to identify conserved interacting proteins to PI3K, a critical signaling regulator of the AKT pathway. (sdbonline.org)
These data revealed an unexpected direct binding of Corkscrew, the Drosophila ortholog of the non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase type II (SHP2) to the Pi3k21B (p60) regulatory subunit of PI3K (p50/p85 human ortholog) but no association with Pi3k92e , the human ortholog of the p110 catalytic subunit. (sdbonline.org)
b) 4-Hydroxytamoxifen (but not tamoxifen), genistein (but not genistin), daidzein, and probably other nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents could up-regulate expression of p27 via receptor protein tyrosine kinases (RPTKs), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphoinosite-dependent kinase (PDK), Akt/PKB and mTOR. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, EPO-induced neuroprotection as well as phosphorylation of the proapoptotic Bcl family member Bad was reduced by the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. (jneurosci.org)
To gain further knowledge about the PI3K-AKT-mTOR-S6K and the RAF-MEK-ERK-RSK signaling networks in myotubes, we analyzed changes in protein phosphorylation levels upon pathway activation and direct kinase inhibition on a global scale. (omicsdi.org)
To deepen our understanding of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR-S6K and the RAF-MEK-ERK-RSK signaling network in myotubes, we globally analyzed changes in protein phosphorylation levels upon kinase inhibition within these pathways. (omicsdi.org)
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activate pathways mediated by serine-threonine kinases, such as the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-Akt pathway, the Ras-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) pathway, and the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)-p70 S6 pathway, that control important aspects of cell growth, proliferation, and survival. (omicsdi.org)
We identified a subset of proteins with RxRxxS/T sites for which phosphorylation was decreased by RTK inhibitors (RTKIs), as well as by inhibitors of the PI3K, mTOR, and MAPK pathways, and we determined the effects of small interfering RNA directed against these substrates on cell viability. (omicsdi.org)
Immunoblot analysis revealed an insulin-like glucose transporting mechanism of AEG by activating key markers involved in the insulin signaling cascade such as insulin receptor beta IRβ, insulin receptor substrate1, 85 phosphatidyl inositol 3′ kinase (PI3K) and PKB. (wiley.com)
Glucose transporter 4 translocation was confirmed by determining the uptake of glucose in the presence of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and PI3K inhibitors. (wiley.com)

Internalization from the cell membrane and endosomal trafficking of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are important regulators of signaling in normal cells that can frequently be disrupted in cancer. (stanford.edu)
Epidermal Growth factor receptor ,EGFR) is the prototype member of the type 1 receptor tyrosine kinases. (insulin-receptor.info)
This heterodimer conducts growth impulses from multiple cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) to the interior of the cell. (bellbrooklabs.com)
Akt-RSK-S6 kinase signaling networks activated by oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases. (omicsdi.org)

Protein kinase B (PKB), also known as Akt, is the collective name of a set of three serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that play key roles in multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, cell proliferation, transcription, and cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
There are three different genes that encode isoforms of Protein kinase B. These three genes are referred to as AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 and encode the RAC alpha, beta, and gamma serine/threonine protein kinases respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Once correctly positioned at the membrane via binding of PIP3, Akt can then be phosphorylated by its activating kinases, phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1 at threonine 308 in Akt1 and threonine 309 in Akt2) and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2 at serine 473 (Akt1) and 474 (Akt2)) which is found at high levels in the fed state, first by mTORC2. (wikipedia.org)
can phosphorylate substrate proteins on serine, threonine, tyrosines or histidine residues. (horizondiscovery.com)
Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Fungal Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase Pho85. (umbc.edu)
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Pho85 subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)
STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. (umbc.edu)
Catalytic domain of CMGC family Serine/Threonine Kinases. (umbc.edu)
The second messenger PIP3 recruits and activates 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) and AKT serine/threonine kinase on the membrane [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
PIP3 phosphatase PTEN is inactivated upon phosphorylation in its C-terminal region by several serine/threonine kinases [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
To examine the involvement of interchromatin granule clusters (IGCs) in transcription and pre-mRNA splicing in mammalian cell nuclei, the serine-arginine (SR) protein kinase cdc2-like kinase (Clk)/STY was used as a tool to manipulate IGC integrity in vivo. (rupress.org)
The protein kinase family is one of the largest families of proteins in eukaryotes, classified in 8 major groups based on sequence comparison of their tyrosine ,PTK) or serine/threonine ,STK) kinase catalytic domains. (insulin-receptor.info)
Specifically, ATM phosphorylates and activates deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) at serine 74 in response to ionizing radiation (IR). (biomasswars.com)
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) serine/threonine protein kinase is at the center of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair [23]. (biomasswars.com)

Inhibition of the Ras-MAPK pathway by expression of the dominant-negative Ras mutant HRasN17 or by addition of the MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 reduced several of these parameters but failed to block transformation. (embl.de)
SMA-RL71 was extremely steady and experienced a diameter of 181.6 nm in buffer and 275.1 nm in serum as measured by dynamic light scattering and a near neutral charge of ?0.0432 mV.30 We first examined the tissue distribution pattern LGK-974 kinase inhibitor of SMA-RL71 and compared it to free RL71. (insulin-receptor.info)
Open up in another screen LGK-974 kinase inhibitor Amount 1 Medication deposition in tissue following treatment with SMA-RL71 and RL71. (insulin-receptor.info)
Records: Tumor-bearing mice had been treated with (A) an individual iv dosage of 10 mg/kg of either RL71 or SMA-RL71 and euthanized 6 h afterwards or (B) intravenously implemented 10 mg/kg of RL71 or SMA-RL71 LGK-974 kinase inhibitor on times 4, 7, 11, and 14 and euthanized 3 times afterwards. (insulin-receptor.info)
p27(Kip1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. (biomedcentral.com)
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p27(Kip1) is a key cell-cycle regulator of G1-to-S phase transition [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cultured neurons express EpoR, and the Janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) inhibitor AG490 abolished EPO-induced tolerance against OGD. (jneurosci.org)
BI-D1870 is a specific inhibitor of the p90 RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) isoforms in vitro and in vivo. (omicsdi.org)
Interestingly, while GT1b enhanced caspase-3 activity, DEVD, a caspase-3 inhibitor, failed to rescue DA neuronal death. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a GSK-3β specific inhibitor, L803-mt, attenuated tau phosphorylation and rescued DA neurons from cell death in mesencephalic cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
An inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase and siRNA-mediated knockdown of BNP mimicked the effect of anantin. (biomedcentral.com)

Activated Akt isoforms can then go on to activate or deactivate their myriad substrates (e.g. mTOR) via their kinase activity. (wikipedia.org)
Subsequently, mTOR phosphorylates key eukaryotic translation regulators, including p70-S6 kinase (p70S6K) and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (Hay and Sonenberg 2004). (ebrary.net)
Among the key pathways are those controlling cell proliferation , which coordinate a response to the cellular environment, with the mTOR kinase as a critical node. (axonmedchem.com)

A well-known example of a lipid kinase is phosphoinositide 3-kinase which is implicated in a number of cancers, mainly through alterations to its catalytic subunit - PIK3CA. (horizondiscovery.com)
Once expressed, as well as binding to E1A and the insulin receptor, IRS-4 remains tyrosine phosphorylated and constitutively associates with the regulatory p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3 kinase, resulting in the phosphorylation of Akt (causing activation) and GSK-3beta (causing inhibition). (ox.ac.uk)
The insulin receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that conformationally consists of two alpha and two beta subunit tetramers. (encyclopedia.pub)
The PIK3CA gene codes for the 110 kDa catalytic subunit (p110α) of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Ka). (bellbrooklabs.com)

The molecular mechanism underlying the NPR-A dependent inhibition of TG P2X3 receptor function remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
They regulate signalling though inhibition of phosphatases and induction of the activity of Stress Activated Protein Kinases, which themselves modulate feedbacks to insulin signalling and FOXO. (biomedcentral.com)
AEG was found to enhance glycogen synthesis through the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. (wiley.com)

Akt1 is also able to induce protein synthesis pathways, and is therefore a key signaling protein in the cellular pathways that lead to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and general tissue growth. (wikipedia.org)
Mitogen-activated protein kinases such as RAF kinases involved in the MAPK signaling pathways and cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) involved in cell cycle regulation are prime examples of pathways implicated in cancers. (horizondiscovery.com)
Phospho-proteomics analysis and Western blots are used to demonstrate downstream signaling pathways of PIK3CA/p110α tyrosine phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
While AKT phosphorylates multiple downstream targets (see above), the emerging picture is that the ability of AKT to coordinate mitogenic and nutrient-sensing pathways controlling protein synthesis is a key mechanism by which AKT regulates cell proliferation. (ebrary.net)
The atypical protein kinase C (PKC) member PKC-zeta has been implicated in several signal transduction pathways regulating differentiation, proliferation or apoptosis of mammalian cells. (embl.de)
The IRS proteins (IRS1-4) are the family of adaptors regulating metabolic and mitogenic signaling pathways ( Hanke and Mann , 2009 Hanke S and Mann M (2009) The phosphotyrosine interactome of the insulin receptor family and its substrates IRS-1 and IRS-2. (scielo.br)
2004). In early work distinguishing the canonical (IKK2/Nemo-dependent) and non-canonical (IKK1-dependent) NF-B pathways, it was observed that BAFF-R engagement efficiently induced the cleavage of p100 (encoded by (Dejardin et al. (epf2013.org)
Activation of downstream pathways is set up from the recruitment of effector substances such as for example PDK1, Akt, Btk, and PLC2 that carry pleckstrin homology (PH) domains that straight bind PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 (Baracho et al. (epf2013.org)

Phosphoinositide phosphatases play an essential but as yet not well-understood role in lipid-based signal transduction. (embl.de)
This most likely occurs from defects in postreceptor insulin signal transduction at the level of insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase ( 6 - 9 ) as well as defects in trafficking and/or function of GLUT4 ( 10 , 11 ), the major insulin-regulated GLUT isoform expressed in skeletal muscle ( 12 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
The C2 domain is a Ca 2+ -dependent membrane-targeting module found in many cellular proteins involved in signal transduction or membrane trafficking. (embl.de)
By this basic mechanism, protein kinases mediate most of the signal transduction in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation. (insulin-receptor.info)
To understand the signal transduction required, we focused primarily on IL-6 induction by measuring mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and analyzing the effects of mutant or dominant negative forms of Vav, Rac1, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1). (aai.org)
Together with PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE, it regulates tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in cellular signal transduction and may play a role in cell growth control and carcinogenesis. (bvsalud.org)

The insulin receptor exhibiting kinase activity is responsible for its autophosphorylation at the tyrosine residue site upon insulin binding. (encyclopedia.pub)

Pho85 is a multifunctional Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase (CDK) in yeast. (umbc.edu)

Once activated, PI 3-kinase phosphorylates PIP2 to form PIP3. (wikipedia.org)
ACK1 or TNK2, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, phosphorylates Akt at its tyrosine 176 residue, leading to its activation in PI 3-kinase-independent manner. (wikipedia.org)
AKT prevents cell death by inactivating proapoptotic factors including BAD, procaspase-9 and Forkhead transcription factor family proteins (FOXOs), activates transcription factors that upregulate antiapoptotic genes, including NF-kB, inactivates p53 through Mdm2, and phosphorylates the cell cycle inhibitors p21 CIP1/WAF1 and p27 KIP1 , thus increasing cell proliferation (Hennessy et al. (ebrary.net)
2005). AKT also phosphorylates and inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), thus enhancing p-catenin and cyclin D1 stabilization (Vivanco and Sawyers 2002). (ebrary.net)

The phosphoinositide phosphatase Sac1p controls trafficking of the yeast Chs3p chitin synthase. (embl.de)
This study identified that the protein most commonly affected in Noonan syndrome, the phosphatase SHP2, known in Drosophila as corkscrew (CSW) , controls life span, triglyceride levels, and metabolism without affecting ERK signaling pathway. (sdbonline.org)
Noonan syndrome (NS) and NS with multiple lentigines (NSML) cognitive dysfunction are linked to SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) gain-of-function (GoF) and loss-of-function (LoF), respectively. (sdbonline.org)

The class I PI3Ks are activated by growth factor tyrosine kinase receptors (class IA), such as EGFR, or by G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) (class IB). (ebrary.net)
We developed a large-scale proteomic approach to identify more than 300 substrates of this kinase family in cancer cell lines driven by the c-Met, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRalpha) RTKs. (omicsdi.org)

Through its interaction with Vav2, AFAP1L1 regulates Rac activity and downstream control of PAK1/2/3 (p21-activated kinases) phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) kinase and MLC2. (nature.com)
The microtubule protein tubulin regulates adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase Cβ 1 (PLCβ 1 ) signaling via transactivation of the G-protein subunits Gαs, Gαi1, and Gαq. (jneurosci.org)
Metz H, Busch SE, Hanke ML, Kargl J, Kim KH and Houghton M (2014) Insulin receptor substrate-1 regulates immune cell content in lung adenocarcinoma. (scielo.br)
Ypk1, in turn, regulates (via its phosphorylation of multiple substrates) maintenance of sphingolipid and glycerolipid homeostasis and bilayer lipid organization in the plasma membrane. (berkeley.edu)
It is concluded that CSW normally regulates life span and that mutations in SHP2 are expected to have critical effects throughout life by insulin-dependent mechanisms in addition to the well-known RAS-ERK1/2-dependent developmental alterations. (sdbonline.org)
The V-ATPase complex regulates non-canonical Atg8-family protein lipidation through ATG16L1 recruitment. (babraham.ac.uk)

Hydroxylation of aspartic acid in domains homologous to the epidermal growth factor precursor is catalyzed by a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase. (bjbms.org)
2005) Activating mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor are associated with improved survival in gefitinib-treated chemorefractory lung adenocarcinomas. (scielo.br)
BI-D1870 is cell permeant and prevents the RSK-mediated phorbol ester- and EGF (epidermal growth factor)-induced phosphoryl-ation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and LKB1 in human embry-onic kidney 293 cells and Rat-2 cells. (omicsdi.org)

mTORC2 therefore functionally acts as the long-sought PDK2 molecule, although other molecules, including integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 (MAPKAPK2) can also serve as PDK2. (wikipedia.org)
Vav overexpression resulted in the constitutive activation of JNK1 with little or no effect on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and ERK2. (aai.org)

Two tyrosine residues, Y317 and Y508, are identified on PIK3CA/p110α. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA methyltransferase 3-alpha (DNMT3A) effects de novo cytosine methylation in embryonic and somatic cells through the transfer of a methyl group from S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the cytosine-C5 position of newly created CpG DNA residues. (bellbrooklabs.com)
An enzyme group that specifically dephosphorylates phosphotyrosyl residues in selected proteins. (bvsalud.org)

The interaction of tubulin with these polypeptides involves a GTP transfer from the exchangeable GTP-binding site (E site) of tubulin to Gα, which activates the G-protein (transactivation) ( Roychowdhury and Rasenick, 1994 ). (jneurosci.org)
Upon binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (IR), IRS1 is phosphorylated at several YXXM motifs creating docking sites for the binding of PI3Kp85, which activates AKT kinase. (scielo.br)

The recruitment of specific cytosolic proteins to intracellular membranes through binding phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) controls such processes as endocytosis, regulated exocytosis, cytoskeletal organization, and cell signaling. (embl.de)
Particular C2s appear to bind phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. (embl.de)
It is suggested that G-protein-coupled receptors might modulate cytoskeletal dynamics, intracellular traffic, and cellular architecture. (jneurosci.org)
Cytoskeletal proteins appear to be involved in the control of intracellular signaling. (jneurosci.org)
Activation of dCK shifts its substrate specificity toward deoxycytidine, increases intracellular dCTP pools post IR, and enhances the rate of DNA repair. (biomasswars.com)
Various protein kinases are regulating the intracellular signaling network of skeletal muscle cells. (omicsdi.org)

Besides being a downstream effector of PI 3-kinases, Akt isoforms can also be activated in a PI 3-kinase-independent manner. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that loss of TMEM127 causes wildtype RET protein accumulation on the cell surface, where increased receptor density facilitates constitutive ligand-independent activity and downstream signaling, driving cell proliferation. (stanford.edu)
Although many kinases are known players, their downstream targets are still largely unexplored. (omicsdi.org)
Despite that many of the involved kinases are known, their downstream targets have remained largely unexplored. (omicsdi.org)
Immunoblot analysis revealed that GT1b inactivates Akt through dephosphorylation at both Ser473 and Thr308, subsequent dephosphorylation of GSK-3β, a substrate of Akt, and hyperphosphorylation of tau, downstream of GSK-3β. (biomedcentral.com)
Dietary sugars trigger the production of insulin or insulin-like peptides which are sensed by Insulin receptors at the cell surface and initiate a kinase cascade, leading to the activation of the downstream kinase Akt (PKB), the translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters to the cell surface, and ultimately glucose uptake. (biomedcentral.com)

This get the job done demonstrates a novel complicated concerning FE65, VLDLR, and APP, which assists elucidate the part of FE65 in regulating transmem brane proteins like ApoE receptors and APP while in the CNS. (mirnasynthesis.com)
Insulin is known to regulate pancreatic β-cell function through the activation of cell surface insulin receptors, phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and -2, and activation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase. (diabetesjournals.org)
Human LPA1-3 receptors were stably expressed in HEK-293 cells (HEK-LPA1, -LPA2 and -LPA3 cells) and their functional activity was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. (bvsalud.org)
The IRS proteins function as adaptors and transmit signals from multiple receptors. (scielo.br)
In addition to binding to the insulin receptor, IRS1 also binds to and transmits signals from the receptors of prolactin, growth hormone (GH), leptin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), insulin like growth factor (IGF1), and integrins ( Vuori and Ruoslathi , 1994 Vuori K and Ruoslahti E (1994) Association of insulin receptor substrate-1 with integrins. (scielo.br)
The pheromone receptors have seven hydrophobic segments and are coupled to a heterotrimeric G protein. (berkeley.edu)
DDX5 (Dead-Box 5 or p68) is a member of a family of 37 "DEAD-Box" ATP-dependent RNA helicases that play a role in nearly all aspects of RNA processing and also act as nucleic acid recognition receptors for viral immunity. (bellbrooklabs.com)

The CMGC family consists of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinases (CDKs), Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38, and similar proteins. (umbc.edu)
For this purpose, WIN 55,212-2 was injected in pregnant wistar rats from gestation day 5 to 20 and a detailed analysis of the levels of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as of the signaling molecules extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and alpha-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (alpha-CaMKII) was carried out in adult offspring. (researchgate.net)

Here, we report that, at single-nucleus resolution, TMEM127-mutant tumors share precursor cells and transcription regulatory elements with pheochromocytomas carrying mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor RET. (stanford.edu)
The adrenal tumour pheochromocytoma (PCC) can be caused by activating mutations of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase, or inactivation of TMEM127, a transmembrane tumour suppressor implicated in trafficking of endosomal cargos. (stanford.edu)
Mutations in K + channel sequences can lead to a variety of clinical disorders exemplifying their physiological importance [ 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Noonan syndrome and related disorders are caused by mutations in genes encoding for proteins of the RAS-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which affect development by enhanced ERK1/2 activity. (sdbonline.org)

This is useful for control of cellular signaling because the di-phosphorylated phosphoinositide PIP2 is only phosphorylated by the family of enzymes, PI 3-kinases (phosphoinositide 3-kinase or PI3-K), and only upon receipt of chemical messengers which tell the cell to begin the growth process. (wikipedia.org)
Kinases are a large family of enzymes with over 500 encoded in the human genome and all share a highly conserved kinase domain. (horizondiscovery.com)
Members of a subfamily of these enzymes share a specific domain that was first identified in the yeast Sac1 protein [1]. (embl.de)
The synthesis, chemical derivatization, and investigation of the inhibitory properties of novel cyclitol derivatives on the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase enzymes PI4K55 and PI4K230 involved in the phosphatidylinositol cycle are reported. (embl.de)
It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
Protein kinases are enzymes that transfer a phosphate group from a phosphate donor onto an acceptor amino acid in a substrate protein. (insulin-receptor.info)

Dependent on the substrate they act upon they can be broadly classified into 3 categories: protein kinases, carbohydrate kinases and lipid kinases. (horizondiscovery.com)
p110s perform lipid kinase activity, and p85s stabilize and regulate p110s. (biomedcentral.com)

No mass spectrometry results found for this protein. (yeastrc.org)

3).(TIF) pone.0104125.s003.tif (337K) GUID:?72E596CD-8491-42F1-8F9C-3C721423C727 Abstract Efficient and adequate generation of deoxyribonucleotides is critical to successful DNA repair. (biomasswars.com)

In vitro kinase assay is applied to identify the kinase of PIK3CA/p110α tyrosine phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
B) dCK kinase assay using CHOC6 nuclear ABT-888 (Veliparib) and cytoplasmic fraction lysates, [3H]-dC as substrate and performed 2 hours after exposure to 3 Gy (*, P? (biomasswars.com)
D) dCK kinase assay using L1210 nuclear and cytoplasmic fraction lysates, [3H]-dC as substrate and performed 2 hours after exposure to 3 Gy (*, P? (biomasswars.com)

Despite the detailed in vitro characterization of the enzymatic properties of yeast Sac1p, the exact cellular function of this protein has remained obscure. (embl.de)
Preliminary studies using either N -methyl- N -nitrosourea (MNU)-induced rat breast cancer model or human breast cancer cell lines in vitro had suggested, but not proved, that nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents increase p27 protein expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we describe the small molecule BI-D1870, which inhibits RSK1, RSK2, RSK3 and RSK4 in vitro with an IC(50) of 10-30 nM, but does not signi-ficantly inhibit ten other AGC kinase members and over 40 other protein kinases tested at 100-fold higher concentrations. (omicsdi.org)
In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that GT1b neurotoxicity is accompanied by inactivation of Akt, activation of GSK-3β and increase in tau phosphorylation in mesencephalic DA neurons, both in vivo and in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)

Recent work published in The EMBO Journal and EMBO Reports reveals a novel role for the protein TECPR1 as a sensor for stressed membranes and regulator of lysosomal membrane repair. (babraham.ac.uk)

Tyrosine phosphorylation sites of PIK3CA/p110α are identified with Mass-Spectrum. (biomedcentral.com)

The Pho85 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (umbc.edu)
Hormones and growth factors induce the activation of a number of protein kinases that belong to the AGC subfamily, including isoforms of PKA, protein kinase B (also known as Akt), PKC, S6K p70 (ribosomal S6 kinase), RSK (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) and MSK (mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase), which then mediate many of the physiological processes that are regulated by these extracellular agonists. (omicsdi.org)

Glucose transport can be activated in skeletal muscle in response to insulin via activation of phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase and in response to contractions or hypoxia, presumably via activation of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (diabetesjournals.org)
We determined the effects of insulin and muscle contraction/hypoxia on PI 3-kinase, AMPK, and glucose transport activity in epitrochlearis skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant Zucker ( fa/ fa ) rats. (diabetesjournals.org)

Activation of the pheromone receptor-coupled G protein initiates a four-tiered cascade of protein kinases, ultimately resulting in stimulation of a messenger-activated protein kinase or MAPK (Fus3) that translocates into the nucleus. (berkeley.edu)

We conclude that the association and altered regulation of IRS proteins by Ad5E1A contribute to the adenovirus-transformed phenotype and modulates viral infection in an Akt-dependent manner. (ox.ac.uk)
Metz HE and Houghton AM (2011) Insulin receptor substrate regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (scielo.br)
This study provided evidence that the up-regulation of p27 protein expression is at least in part due to increased synthesis and that this increase fairly faithfully recapitulates the cancer preventive activity of nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents. (biomedcentral.com)

Phosphorylation of Syk Activation Loop Tyrosines Is Essential for Syk Function. (crossref.org)
AIM: To study the mechanism of K+ depolarization-induced activation of synaptosomal tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (TM) in rat striatum and the effect of (-)-stepholidine (SPD) on this activation. (chinaphar.com)
IRS-4 interacts with both the transcriptional activation domain (conserved region 3) and the N-terminal region of Ad5E1A13S. (ox.ac.uk)
The time course of this event was concordant both with transactivation of Gαq by the direct transfer of [ 32 P]P 3 (4-azidoanilido)-P 1 -5′-GTP from tubulin as well as with the activation of PLCβ 1 . (jneurosci.org)
In this regard, we have recently shown that efficient activation of Ypk1 by TORC2 requires stimulation of TORC2 by the GTP-bound state of a Rab5 GTPase (Vps21/Ypt51) and that, in turn, Rab5-dependent endocytosis may be a mechanism to down-regulate TORC2 signaling after it has been activated. (berkeley.edu)
Overexpression of Vav in the RBL-2H3 mast cell line resulted in the constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Vav. (aai.org)
This was dependent on Vav-mediated activation of Rac1 as a Dbl domain-mutated Vav, inactive Rac N17, and inactive JNK1 down-regulated the Vav-induced JNK1 or IL-6 responses. (aai.org)
Fasting (nutrient withdrawal) and weak oxidative stress upregulate antioxidant defences while stronger oxidative stress leads to a short term activation of insulin signalling but if prolonged can have other effects including degradation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS1) and FOXO. (biomedcentral.com)

Studies have suggested that cAMP-elevating agents could also activate Akt through protein kinase A (PKA) in the presence of insulin. (wikipedia.org)

the activities of Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase (PK II) and Ca2+/phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase (PKC) were assayed using histidine as substrate. (chinaphar.com)

Activator of protein kinase A (cyclic AMP agonist). (biolog.de)

Moreover, BI-D1870 does not suppress the phorbol ester- or EGF-induced phosphorylation of CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein), consistent with the genetic evidence indicating that MSK, and not RSK, isoforms mediate the mitogen-induced phosphorylation of this transcription factor. (omicsdi.org)

Synthesis of new cyclitol compounds that influence the activity of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase isoform, PI4K230. (embl.de)
Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in isolated skeletal muscle was reduced 47% in obese versus lean rats, with a parallel 42% reduction in tyrosine-associated PI 3-kinase activity. (diabetesjournals.org)
The activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is an immediate early gene that modulates several forms of synaptic plasticity and has been linked to neuropsychiatric illness. (bvsalud.org)
We investigated control mechanisms that regulate the activity, localization, and stability of Wee1, especially the bud neck-localized protein kinase Hsl1 and its more distant paralogs (Gin4 and Kcc4), in particular their recruitment to septin filaments, which assemble at the presumptive site of cell division. (berkeley.edu)
Dose-dependent increase in glucose uptake activity (GUA) was observed in both cell lines. (wiley.com)

AFAP1L1 is a novel adaptor protein of the AFAP family that interacts with cortactin and localizes to invadosomes. (nature.com)
Validation experiments with knockdown of GAB2 and Far-Western blots proved the direct interaction of SHP2 with p85, independent of adaptor proteins and transfected FLAG-p85 provided evidence that SHP2 binding on p85 occurred on the SH2 domains. (sdbonline.org)

Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is a 70 kDa protein, 580 amino acids in length. (bellbrooklabs.com)

Because most tubulin is not membrane associated, this study investigates whether tubulin translocates to the membrane in response to an agonist so that it might regulate G-protein signaling. (jneurosci.org)
In contrast, BI-D1870 does not affect the agonist-triggered phosphorylation of substrates for six other AGC kinases. (omicsdi.org)
It has recently been demonstrated that prenatal exposure to the cannabinoid receptor 1 agonist (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinyl-methyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone (WIN 55,212-2) produces memory deficit in adulthood, an effect associated with a reduced functionality of the glutamatergic system. (researchgate.net)

There are primarily two types of lung cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC, and the former accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Taxonomy and function of C1 protein kinase C homology domains. (embl.de)
AFAP1L1 intersects several invadopodia pathway components through its multiple domains and motifs, including the following (i) pleckstrin homology domains that bind phospholipids generated at the plasma membrane by phosphoinositide 3-kinase, (ii) a direct filamentous-actin binding domain and (iii) phospho-tyrosine motifs (pY136 and pY566) that specifically bind Vav2 and Nck2 SH2 domains, respectively. (nature.com)

We have shown that Ypk1, a member of the AGC class of protein kinases conserved from yeast to humans, is the essential target of and activated via phosphorylation by the plasma membrane-associated TORC2 complex. (berkeley.edu)
We have recently shown that this same pathway modulates the content of integral membrane proteins and, in collaborative studies, that it is also involved in maintenance of the sterol composition of the plasma membrane. (berkeley.edu)

We have identified a novel pathway that directs Lyn/Src family tyrosine kinase signals to the invadopodia to regulate sarcoma cell invasion via the molecule AFAP-1-like-1 (AFAP1L1), a new member of the AFAP (actin filament-associated protein) family. (nature.com)
These data define a novel pathway that directs Lyn/Src family tyrosine kinase signals to sarcoma cell invadopodia through specific recruitment of Vav2 and Nck2 to phosphorylated AFAP1L1, to control cell migration and invasion. (nature.com)
Aspartate β-hydroxylase (ASPH) is a type II transmembrane protein and the member of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family, found to be overexpressed in different cancer types, including PC. (bjbms.org)
Methyltransferase-like protein 16 (METTL16) is a recently characterized human RNA methyltransferase in the class I SAM-methyltransferase family. (bellbrooklabs.com)
Conjugation of the Atg8 (autophagy related 8) family of ubiquitin-like proteins to phospholipids of the phagophore is a hallmark of macroautophagy/autophagy. (babraham.ac.uk)
However, the Atg8 family of proteins are not found solely attached to double-membrane autophagosomes. (babraham.ac.uk)
In non-canonical Atg8-family protein lipidation they become conjugated to single membranes. (babraham.ac.uk)
We have shown that this process is triggered by recruitment of ATG16L1 by the vacuolar-type H-translocating ATPase (V-ATPase) proton pump, suggesting a role for pH sensing in recruitment of Atg8-family proteins to single membranes. (babraham.ac.uk)

Dr. Welm's group discovered that the Ron kinase pathway is an important facilitator of breast cancer metastasis through its unique dual function in tumor cells and in resident macrophages. (utah.edu)

The TMEM127 gene encodes a transmembrane protein of poorly known function that is mutated in pheochromocytomas, neural crest-derived tumors of adrenomedullary cells. (stanford.edu)
The top-ranked negative regulators were surface protein sushi domain containing 6 (SUSD6), transmembrane protein 127 (TMEM127), and the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP2. (stanford.edu)

This domain occurred 396 times on human genes ( 900 proteins). (umbc.edu)
This domain occurred 450 times on human genes ( 1032 proteins). (umbc.edu)

Conversely, overexpression of a catalytically inactive mutant, Clk/STY(K190R), causes retention of hypophosphorylated SR proteins in nuclear speckles. (rupress.org)

In addition, the double mutant (Y42A/L48Q) of the PX domain of Vam7p, reported to cause vacuolar trafficking defects in yeast, has a dramatically decreased level of binding to PtdIns-3-P. These data reveal that the membrane targeting function of the Vam7p PX domain is based on its ability to associate with PtdIns-3-P, analogous to the function of FYVE domains. (embl.de)
No yeast two-hybrid interactions found for this protein. (yeastrc.org)

Anatomy21

Organisms9

Chemicals and Drugs167

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes42

Information Science3

PI3K22

Receptor tyrosin4

Serine14

Inhibitor11

MTOR3

Subunit4

Inhibition3

Pathways8

Signal transduction6

Insulin receptor exhibi1

Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase1

Phosphorylates4

Phosphatase3

EGFR2

Regulates6

Epidermal3

Mitogen-activa2

Residues3

Activates2

Intracellular6

Downstream6

Receptors7

Extracellular signal2

Mutations4

Enzymes6

Lipid2

Mass spectrometry1

Abstract1

Assay3

Vitro4

Regulator1

Phosphorylation sites1

Subfamily2

AMPK2

MAPK1

Regulation3

Activation8

Presence of insulin1

Histidine1

Activator1

Isoforms1

Activity5

Adaptor2

Amino acids1

Agonist3

LUNG CANCER1

Homology domains2

Plasma membrane2

Family8

Pathway is an important1

Transmembrane2

Genes2

Overexpression1

Yeast2