• The HSP70 family is composed of four highly conserved proteins: HSP70, HSC70, GRP75 and GRP78. (thermofisher.com)
  • A constitutively expressed subfamily of the HSP70 heat-shock proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Background HspA9, a memer of the Hsp70 family, encodes a heat-shock cognate protein that is involved in the control of cell proliferation and acts as a chaperone. (qedbio.com)
  • however, almost all the WT tobaccos died after treated at 50 °C and no WT tobacco survived after heat shock at 52 °C. This study firstly showed the function of a hsp70 gene from H. marmoreus . (springeropen.com)
  • Of all HSPs, Hsp70 appears to correlate best with heat resistance either permanent or transient (Li and Mak 2009 ). (springeropen.com)
  • These studies proved that Hsp70 is essential for organisms to survive a severe heat shock. (springeropen.com)
  • Several studies have found that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) may be involved in the immunological pathogenesis of PCOS, but the relationship between HSP70 and Regulatory T cell (Treg)/T helper cell 17(Th17) ratio remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among these proteins, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is the most conserved protein, which has a variety of biological functions including molecular chaperone, regulation of immune response, anti-apoptosis, and improvement of cell tolerance to stressors [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Jansen observed that the expression of 5 genes encoding HSP increased in PCOS patients, of which HSP70 was the main increased protein [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further investigation has identified heat shock protein 70 as a direct target of let-7c and has demonstrated that the expression of HSP70 in fibroblasts is negatively correlated with let-7c levels. (molcells.org)
  • Notably, the knockdown of HSP70 by HSP70 siRNA apparently abrogates the stimulatory effect of let-7c inhibitor on heat-denatured fibroblasts proliferation and migration. (molcells.org)
  • Cortisol interacts with glucocorti c oid receptors (GR) in the cytoplasm of some neurons to effect dissociation from chaperone proteins such as heat shock protein (hsp) 90 and translocation to the nucleus, where the activated GR interacts with glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) to effect gene transcription. (pediagenosis.com)
  • CTA1 assumes an unfolded conformation upon dissociation from the holotoxin and is recognized by ERassociated degradation (ERAD), a quality control system that recognizes and exports misfolded proteins to the cytosol for degradation by the 26S proteasome. (ucf.edu)
  • In contrast, we hypothesized that the dissociated CTA1 subunit would unfold spontaneously at 37°C. This study focused on the three conditions linked to CTA1 instability and translocation: (i) CTA1 dissociation from the holotoxin, (ii) the translocation-competent conformation of CTA1, and the extraction of CTA1 from the ER into the cytosol. (ucf.edu)
  • In the CYTOPLASM, I-kappa B proteins bind to the transcription factor NF-KAPPA B. Cell stimulation causes its dissociation and translocation of active NF-kappa B to the nucleus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mitochondria import many hundreds of different proteins that are encoded by nuclear genes. (nih.gov)
  • At the cellular level, the actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by a 94-kd protein, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The human (h) GR belongs to the steroid/thyroid/retinoic acid superfamily of nuclear receptors and functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates the expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes positively or negatively. (medscape.com)
  • Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
  • GRP75 expression is restricted to the mitochondrial matrix and aids in the translocation and folding of nascent polypeptide chains of both nuclear and mitochondrial origin. (thermofisher.com)
  • HspA9 suppresses nuclear translocation, transcriptional activation, and control centrosome-duplication functions of p53. (qedbio.com)
  • Then, hsc70 was unable to prevent cytoplasmic AIF nuclear translocation and promotion of DNA damage and cell death, because SHetA2 disrupted hsc70/AIF complexes. (figshare.com)
  • The most significantly upregulated process was the response to heat stress (mainly heat shock proteins, HSPs). (frontiersin.org)
  • The plants pre-treated with diethyl ether, and thus with induced HSPs, had increased tolerance of photosystem II to subsequent heat stress through the process known as cross-tolerance or priming. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2007 ). Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of conserved proteins that function as molecular chaperones and accumulate under heat shock. (springeropen.com)
  • HSPs are detected in all organisms when cells were exposed to various stresses such as heat, cold, heavy metal, or certain nutrients. (springeropen.com)
  • Drug-targetable vulnerabilities of cancer cells include their dependence on heat shock proteins (HSPs) to support elevated mitochondrial metabolism and counteract cell death factors. (figshare.com)
  • Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of highly conserved protein molecules that can be produced by all prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells under physiological and pathological conditions including high temperature, hypoxia, virus infection, or stress [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HSPs participate in the regulation of cell function and play an important role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2 , 3 A key feature of apoptosis has been defined as the maintenance of an intact cellular membrane (detectable as exclusion of impermeable dyes such as propidium iodide, PI) throughout the apoptotic program to prevent intracellular protein release and subsequent immunological activation. (nature.com)
  • The main structural coat protein of COATED VESICLES which play a key role in the intracellular transport between membranous organelles. (lookformedical.com)
  • Following this reasoning, we performed a differential proteomic analysis in order to search for OA-related changes in human articular chondrocyte intracellular proteins, which aimed to unravel those molecular mechanisms that participate in OA pathogenesis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nearly 39% of the ESTs were predicted to encode proteins of fungal origin and among these, 162 ESTs were predicted to contain N-terminal signal peptides (SPs) in their deduced open reading frames (ORFs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • They preferentially bind and release hydrophobic peptides by an ATP-dependent process and are involved in post-translational PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION. (lookformedical.com)
  • We hypothesized that helium induces pre- and postconditioning in CABG-patients, affecting signaling molecules protein kinase C-epsilon (PKC-ε), p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK-1/2) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP-27) within cardiac tissue, and reducing postoperative troponin levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Docetaxel, in addition to stabilizing microtubules, also induces apoptosis by downregulating antiapoptotic proteins. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • This noble gas induced cardioprotective effect was abolished on a cellular level by blockers of protein kinase C (PKC) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression of HMGB1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was assessed with immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. (molvis.org)
  • CDK4 is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (thermofisher.com)
  • It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. (thermofisher.com)
  • Eleven candidate effector genes were identified based on features common to characterized fungal effectors, i.e. they encode small, soluble (lack of transmembrane domain), cysteine-rich proteins with a putative SP. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, thermotolerance induced by thermosensitive genes such as the heat shock proteins can limit the efficacy of hyperthermic treatment. (oncotarget.com)
  • Translocation of NF-κB leads to activation of the genes for IL-6, stress response elements, and many antiapoptotic elements such as IAPs. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Aberrations of AR, erythroblast transformation-specific ( ETS ) genes, Tumor protein 53 (TP53), and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) occurred in 40%-60% of 150 mCRPC cases in a recent study. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • The latter are called heat-shock cognate proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene encodes a heat-shock cognate protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our objective was to evaluate the roles of mitochondrial damage and another SHetA2-target HSP protein, cytoplasmic heat shock cognate 70 (hsc70), in the mechanism of SHetA2 killing of cervical cancer cells. (figshare.com)
  • However, relating gene expression with the specific role that the corresponding protein plays in a signaling pathway is complicated by post-transcriptional control of protein expression [ 8 ] and tight regulation of protein activity [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using potato virus X (PVX) based transient expression assays, we showed that one of the candidate effectors, i. e. contig 8 that encodes a cerato-platanin (CP) domain containing protein, unlike CP proteins from other fungal pathogens was unable to elicit a hypersensitive response (HR). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The product encoded by this gene belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family which contains both heat-inducible and constitutively expressed members. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vesicular transport proteins are distinguished from MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS, which move molecules across membranes, by the mode in which the molecules are transported. (lookformedical.com)
  • 2018 ). Hsp70s as molecular chaperone are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protein biogenesis, protection of the proteome from stress, recovery of proteins from aggregates and facilitation of protein translocation across membranes (Clerico et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Protein components in the matrix partake in energetically driving translocation in a reaction that depends on the membrane potential and matrix-ATP. (nih.gov)
  • All these data indicate that diethyl ether anesthesia may partially mimic heat stress in plants through the effect on plasma membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • Non-infected (-) and infected (+) BHK-21 whole cell extracts (5 μg) were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with Dengue virus Envelope protein antibody (GTX127277) diluted at 1:25000. (genetex.com)
  • We now show that during early apoptosis limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies, which allows release of proteins that may affect the proximal microenvironment before the catastrophic loss of membrane integrity during secondary necrosis. (nature.com)
  • These results indicate that limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies before secondary necrosis, leading to acute and localized release of immunomodulatory proteins during the early phase of active apoptotic membrane blebbing. (nature.com)
  • We hypothesized that Hsp90, a cytosolic chaperone, is responsible for the translocation of CTA1 across the membrane. (ucf.edu)
  • Specialized regions of the cell membrane composed of pits coated with a bristle covering made of the protein CLATHRIN. (lookformedical.com)
  • An adaptor protein complex primarily involved in the formation of clathrin-related endocytotic vesicles (ENDOSOMES) at the CELL MEMBRANE. (lookformedical.com)
  • A network of membrane compartments, located at the cytoplasmic side of the GOLGI APPARATUS, where proteins and lipids are sorted for transport to various locations in the cell or cell membrane. (lookformedical.com)
  • We hypothesized that the inflammatory state of heart failure would cause translocation of HSP60 to the plasma membrane and that this would provide a pathway for cardiac injury. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Previous research had shown Hsp90 to be present on the cytosolic face of the ER and had also shown that Hsp90 will refold exogenously added proteins that enter the cytosol. (ucf.edu)
  • Using drug treatments and RNAi, we found that Hsp90 is required for the translocation of CTA1 from the ER lumen to the cytosol, a brand new function for this chaperone. (ucf.edu)
  • Hsp90β is a member of the Hsp90 family of protein chaperones. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among the proteins that were significantly altered in OA chondrocytes, we identified the β subunit of the chaperone Hsp90 as increased in diseased cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Molecular chaperones in the matrix exert multiple functions in translocation, sorting, folding, and assembly of newly imported proteins. (nih.gov)
  • The most enriched proteins released were the nucleosomal histones, which have previously been identified as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins (DAMPs) that can initiate sterile inflammatory responses. (nature.com)
  • The proteostasis network (PN) is an assembly of distinct dynamic molecular pathways that control the functionality of the proteome (proteome homeodynamics) during protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation. (hindawi.com)
  • A class of proteins involved in the transport of molecules via TRANSPORT VESICLES. (lookformedical.com)
  • They were originally identified as a class of proteins that are related to the mothers against decapentaplegic protein, Drosophila and sma proteins from CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS. (bvsalud.org)
  • We observed "protein ubiquitination" and "apoptosis signaling" pathways were both enriched in the two breast cancer models while "IGF signaling" and "cell motility" pathways were enriched in BT474 and "amino acid metabolism" were enriched in the SKBR3 cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was originally proposed that CTA1 is thermally stable and that ER chaperones actively unfolded CTA1 for translocation to the cytosol. (ucf.edu)
  • This stabilization resulted in a decrease in translocation from the ER to the cytosol and a block of intoxication, which makes it a viable candidate for a therapeutic. (ucf.edu)
  • The spontaneous unfolding of CTA1 is the key to its v recognition by ERAD and ultimately its translocation into the cytosol. (ucf.edu)
  • Pathway inference tools were used to interpret these proteins in terms of functionally enriched pathways in the tumor cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High-throughput quantitative proteomic analysis has previously been used to identify differentially expressed proteins and pathways associated with breast tumor phenotypes [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Blebbing, apoptotic body formation and protein release during early apoptosis are dependent on ROCK and myosin ATPase activity to drive actomyosin contraction. (nature.com)
  • While "protein ubiquitination" and "apoptosis signaling" pathways were common to both the cell lines, the observed patterns of protein expression suggest that the evasion of apoptosis in each tumorigenic cell line occurs via different mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The investigational new drug SHetA2 targets these vulnerabilities in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells by disrupting complexes of the mortalin HSP with its client proteins (mitochondrial support proteins, metabolic enzymes, p53) leading to mitochondrial leakage of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (figshare.com)
  • Since BCL2, a protein that indirectly inhibits cell apoptosis, is required for certain chemotherapies to work, the absence of BCL2 obscures their uses in prostate cancer. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • 70 Mcl1 (myeloid cell leukemia differentiation protein 1) and other members of the BCL family, such as BCL-xl (B-cell lymphoma-extra-large), are also involved in resistance to Interleukin (IL)-6, stromal cell derived factor-1, and cytokine-induced apoptosis. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • 71 Clusterin is a small heat shock glycoprotein overexpressed in most of the solid tumors, which promotes apoptosis by binding to various molecules such as BAX (BCL2-associated X protein) 72 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)−1. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), mainly survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) prevent the processing of procaspase 3 to caspase 3, thereby inhibiting apoptosis. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Changes in the redox state of cells affect proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in different ways. (hindawi.com)
  • Our study indicates that apratoxins are new tools to study the secretory pathway and raises the possibility that inhibition of cotranslational translocation may be exploited for anticancer drug development. (aspetjournals.org)
  • SGs are regarded to be sites the place nontranslating mRNAs accumulate when cells expertise different stresses, which include oxidative anxiety, translational inhibition, UV harm, osmotic strain, or heat shock. (gsk-3inhibitors.com)
  • Mitochondrial 70kDa heat shock protein (mtHsp70), also known as mortalin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPA9 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Important cytoprotective mechanisms activated by oxidative inflammatory conditions are mediated by nitrated fatty acids that covalently modify proteins to limit inflammation and oxidant stress. (aspetjournals.org)
  • High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to be a potent proangiogenic factor induced by inflammatory stress. (molvis.org)
  • Ageing leads to a gradual dysfunction of the proteostasis network and thus to proteome instability due to accumulation of damaged and/or misfolded proteins [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Using in vitro cell free systems, we demonstrated that apratoxin A prevents cotranslational translocation of proteins destined for the secretory pathway. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The objectives of this study were to quantify alterations in protein expression in two HER2+ cellular models of breast cancer and to infer differentially regulated signaling pathways in these models associated with the hallmarks of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
  • Alternative splicing of the primary transcript gives rise to the 2 mRNA and protein isoforms, hGR-alpha and hGR-beta. (medscape.com)
  • The VEGF-A protein and mRNA levels in conditioned medium of RGC-5 cells incubated with AGE-modified BSA (AGE-BSA) were examined with real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and BSA-treated cells were used as controls. (molvis.org)
  • Compared with the BSA controls, the RGC-5 cells incubated with AGE-BSA showed a dose- and time-dependent increase in VEGF-A mRNA and VEGF-A protein secretion in the supernatant, with the highest levels achieved at 24 h. (molvis.org)
  • These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. (nature.com)
  • qPCR analysis revealed that the transcription level of hmhsp70 in H. marmoreus mycelia increased after heat shock treatment in high temperature (42 °C) compared with untreated mycelia (at 25 °C). Transgenic tobaccos expressing hmhsp70 gene showed enhanced resistance to lethal temperature compared with the wild type (WT) plants. (springeropen.com)
  • This protein is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28 and S. pombe cdc2. (thermofisher.com)
  • Mutations in this gene as well as in its related proteins including D-type cyclins, p16(INK4a) and Rb were all found to be associated with tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. (thermofisher.com)
  • Biological Function Chaperone protein which plays an important role in mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis. (qedbio.com)
  • GRP75 and GRP78 are unresponsive to heat stress and are induced by glucose deprivation. (thermofisher.com)
  • This protein plays a role in the control of cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein HMGB1 behaves as a redox sensor and its structural changes, which are conditioned by the oxidative environment, are associated with different functions of the protein. (hindawi.com)
  • This review describes recent advances in the role of human HMGB proteins and other proteins interacting with them, in cancerous processes related to oxidative stress, with special reference to ovarian and prostate cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • The AF-1 plays an important role in the interaction of the receptor with molecules necessary for the initiation of transcription, such as coactivators, chromatin modulators, and basal transcription factors, including RNA polymerase II, TATA-binding protein (TBP), and a host of TBP-associated proteins (TAFIIs). (medscape.com)
  • Poor dietary habits can lead to obesity and insulin resistance-both of which can impair basal heat shock protein (HSP) expression and the HSP stress response in skeletal muscle. (lidsen.com)
  • In contrast to genomic-based assays, proteomics provides an attractive platform to profile this regulatory layer of protein activity and differences in the level of protein expression [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An adaptor protein complex found primarily on perinuclear compartments. (lookformedical.com)
  • Some of these proteins may have a role in establishing compatible interaction with the host plant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • p53 likely also plays a role given that p53 mutations are commonly found in advanced PC, and loss of wild-type protein function contributes to the phenotype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). (oncotarget.com)
  • The role of this protein in chondrocytes is not well understood, although its increase in osteoarthritic cells has been reported. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HMGB1 is an abundant protein, 10 6 molecules per cell [ 7 ], which has been postulated as a redox sensor [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This antibody was raised against Dengue virus 2 Envelope protein, which may cross react with Envelope protein of Dengue virus 3 but does not recignize with Envelope protein of JEV. (genetex.com)
  • Dengue virus Envelope protein antibody detects Dengue virus Envelope protein protein at cytoplasm by immunohistochemical analysis. (genetex.com)
  • Green: Dengue virus Envelope protein stained by Dengue virus Envelope protein antibody (GTX127277) diluted at 1:1000. (genetex.com)