Protein sequence retrieval. Medical search. Frequent questions

Mitochondrial genomes have been extensively sequenced and analysed and the data collected in several specialised databases. (nih.gov)
While the size of the introns, number of introns per gene and the number of intron-containing genes can vary greatly between sequenced eukaryotic genomes, the structure of a gene with reference to intron presence and positions is typically conserved in closely related species. (biomedcentral.com)
Entrez is the integrated, text-based search and retrieval system used at NCBI for the major databases, including PubMed, Nucleotide and Protein Sequences, Protein Structures, Complete Genomes, Taxonomy, and others. (medils.hr)
The availability of the complete nucleotide sequences of several MTB genomes allows to use the comparative genomics as a tool to study the relationships of strains and differences in their evolutionary history including acquisition of drug-resistance. (ijpsr.com)

We describe here how the PRO Consortium is meeting the challenge of representing species-specific protein complexes, how protein complex representation in PRO supports annotation of protein complexes and comparative biology, and how PRO is being integrated into existing community bioinformatics resources. (biomedcentral.com)
Logical and semantic access to related protein forms is critical for advancing bioinformatics approaches to representing, modeling, and reasoning about complex biological systems at the genomic and cellular level [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System) proteomics server from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) is dedicated to molecular biology with an emphasis on data relevant to proteins. (medils.hr)

In order to collect information on nuclear coded mitochondrial proteins we developed MitoNuc and MitoAln, two related databases containing, respectively, detailed information on sequenced nuclear genes coding for mitochondrial proteins in Metazoa and yeast, and the multiple alignments of the relevant homologous protein coding regions. (nih.gov)
10 Similarly, in recent studies, at least one third of genes in diverse organisms can exhibit alternative transcription, leading to the production of N-terminally extended proteins or alternative reading frames. (biorxiv.org)
Protein kinases, the enzymes responsible for protein phosphorylation, make up almost 2% of protein-encoding genes in the human genome [ 1 ] and an estimated 30-50% of human proteins are phosphorylated [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This article by Erickson, et.al provides a detailed experimental protocol for the combined analysis of 40 proteins and 400 genes on over 10 4 cells using the nano-well based BD Rhapsody(TM) Single-Cell Analysis System . (bdbiosciences.com)
The difference between the batch options of these two tools is that GSR retrieves the entire nucleotide sequence between the coordinates specified in a list, while Batch Download retrieves only the sequences of the features (protein-coding and RNA genes, centromeres, etc.) that are annotated within the specified regions. (candidagenome.org)
Viruses are classified by their current name, and, as far as possible, nomenclature for genes and proteins are standardised within genera and families. (dpvweb.net)
We provide direct access to the sequence features (genes etc.) which can be selected and downloaded in FASTA format (nucleotide sequence and, where appropriate, the amino acid sequence) by following the links to Curated Sequences from the Notes pages. (dpvweb.net)

However, compared to other flaviviruses, USUV has received less research attention and there is therefore limited access to whole-genome sequences and also to in-depth phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses. (frontiersin.org)
Annual numbers of HRSV whole-genome sequences released in GenBank since publication of the whole-genome sequence of HRSV A2, M74568, in 1993. (cdc.gov)

The BioProject database is a searcheable collection of complete and incomplete (in-progress) large-scale molecular projects including genome sequencing and assembly, transcriptome, metagenomic, annotation, expression and mapping projects. (nih.gov)
PRO facilitates robust annotation of variations in composition and function contexts for protein complexes within and between species. (biomedcentral.com)
The content will be delivered within the context of DNA sequence analysis (e.g., predicting gene functions ) and health informatics (e.g., information retrieval from electronic medical records), and the module will cover a wide range of algorithms for efficient string storage, search, comparison, annotation, compression, semantics analysis and prediction. (aber.ac.uk)
Under the zero-shot setting, we show the effectiveness of ProtST on zero-shot protein classification, and ProtST also enables functional protein retrieval from a large-scale database without any function annotation. (arxiv.org)
This site provides full data records for CDD, along with individual Position Specific Scoring Matrices (PSSMs), mFASTA sequences and annotation data for each conserved domain. (nih.gov)

The assays are based on the DNA sequences of recombinant constructs inserted into the cotton genome and of the genomic sequences flanking the insertion sites. (patsnap.com)
Globally, research has increased the number of HRSV genomic sequences available. (cdc.gov)

It incorporates AI with human-curated data for comprehensive handling of protein and nucleotide sequence data plucked from global patents, biological periodicals, and public repositories. (patsnap.com)

Application Note: For IHC, epitope retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6.0 is recommended for FFPE tissue sections. (thermofisher.com)
Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. (abcam.com)

The prediction of peptide specificity is therefore the basis for most of the available computational methods aimed at predicting substrates of protein kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
During pre-training, we design three types of tasks, i.e., unimodal mask prediction, multimodal representation alignment and multimodal mask prediction, to enhance a PLM with protein property information with different granularities and, at the same time, preserve the PLM's original representation power. (arxiv.org)
Matching of structural motifs using hashing on residue labels and geometric filtering for protein function prediction. (uni-marburg.de)

Sequence databases in FASTA format for use with the stand-alone BLAST programs. (nih.gov)
The resulting page presents a link allowing you to download a compressed file in FASTA format containing the sequences you requested. (candidagenome.org)

Entrez is NCBI's primary text search and retrieval system that integrates the PubMed database of biomedical literature with 38 other literature and molecular databases including DNA and protein sequence, structure, gene, genome, genetic variation and gene expression. (nih.gov)
However, most proteomic studies rely on consensus databases to match spectra to peptide and proteins sequences, and thus remain limited to the analysis of canonical protein sequences. (biorxiv.org)
However, recent studies in many organisms and in humans have revealed significant protein sequence variation due to the presence of somatically acquired genetic variants, alternative transcription, and mRNA splicing, which are not necessarily annotated in reference databases. (biorxiv.org)
Because proteins are often functional only as members of stable protein complexes, the PRO Consortium, in collaboration with existing protein and pathway databases, has launched a new initiative to implement logical and consistent representation of protein complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
efetch: presumably short for 'entry fetch' collects sequence information from common DNA and protein databases. (debian.org)
Pre-formatted databases for BLAST nucleotide, protein, and translated searches also are available for downloading under the db subdirectory. (nih.gov)
Sequence databases for use with the stand-alone BLAST programs. (nih.gov)
BLAST2SRS, a web server for flexible retrieval of related protein sequences in the SWISS-PROT and SPTrEMBL databases. (lindinglab.science)
Given a protein sequence get some information about it: Does this protein sequence occur in any of the protein databases (e.g. (myexperiment.org)
Which entries in the protein databases have this sequence. (myexperiment.org)
It was developed and maintained for many years by scientists at Rothamsted Research: John Antoniw (software, databases and web) Mike Adams (taxonomic and sequence data). (dpvweb.net)
7 ). The wider availability of viral sequencing technologies has increased submissions of HRSV sequences to databases ( Figure 1 ), a trend we anticipate will continue. (cdc.gov)

package allows users to retrieve biological sequences in a very simple and intuitive way. (rstudio.com)
Essential biological sequences are manually annotated to highlight structural modifications to provide the most accurate sequence data and speed up the efficiency of sequence retrievals. (patsnap.com)

Writing short scripts & programs and developing softwares for various biological data analysis such as Sequences Alignment and Analysis, Genome Analysis, Proteome Analysis, Phylogenetic Analysis, Biological data visualization, MicroArray gene expression analysis, etc, requires a great deal of understanding of biological programming languages and how to utilize such programming languages to write the scripts. (biocode.ltd)

Tandem pore domain weak inward rectifying K+ (TWIK) channel nucleic acids and proteins that have been isolated from Drosophila melanogaster and Leptinotarsa are described. (patsnap.com)
The TWIK channel nucleic acids and proteins can be used to genetically modify metazoan invertebrate organisms, such as insects, coelomates, and pseudocoelomates, or cultured cells, resulting in TWIK channel expression or mis-expression. (patsnap.com)

Most commonly, this approach leverages high-resolution mass spectrometric measurements of proteolyzed proteins, combined with tandem peptide fragmentation to match observed spectra with those expected from their amino acid composition. (biorxiv.org)
Current approaches for peptide and protein identification use advanced statistical and graphical methods to match mass spectra and estimate their confidence. (biorxiv.org)
The second factor, termed peptide specificity, describes the interaction between amino acid residues in the catalytic domain of the protein kinase and the substrate residues that surround the phosphorylated residue. (biomedcentral.com)
The relative contribution of substrate recruitment and peptide specificity to protein kinase substrate specificity varies between protein kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is recognised that for many protein kinase families, particularly those that phosphorylate Ser/Thr residues, peptide specificity is the major factor that determines substrate specificity. (biomedcentral.com)

Recent advances in nucleic acid sequencing now permit rapid and genome-scale analysis of genetic variation and transcription, enabling population-scale studies of human biology, disease, and diverse organisms. (biorxiv.org)
Representing species-specific proteins and protein complexes in ontologies that are both human- and machine-readable facilitates the retrieval, analysis, and interpretation of genome-scale data sets. (biomedcentral.com)

Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
A major contribution of PRO as a protein biology community informatics resource is that it provides a formal ontological structure with foundation in Basic Formal Ontology http://www.ifomis.org/bfo/ to describe types of protein complexes and gives these types unique, permanent identifiers http://www.obofoundry.org/id-policy.shtml . (biomedcentral.com)
Map a protein sequence to the known identifiers of identical sequences. (myexperiment.org)

The method, named Predikin, identifies key conserved substrate-determining residues in the kinase catalytic domain that contact the substrate in the region of the phosphorylation site and so determine the sequence surrounding the phosphorylation site. (biomedcentral.com)
Predikin now consists of two components: (i) PredikinDB, a database of phosphorylation sites that links substrates to kinase sequences and (ii) a Perl module, which provides methods to classify protein kinases, reliably identify substrate-determining residues, generate scoring matrices and score putative phosphorylation sites in query sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
New features in Predikin include the use of SQL queries to PredikinDB to generate predictions, scoring of predictions, more reliable identification of substrate-determining residues and putative phosphorylation sites, extended options to handle protein kinase and substrate data and an improved web interface. (biomedcentral.com)
The post-translational modification of proteins by phosphorylation of serine, threonine or tyrosine residues is a ubiquitous process in cellular regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Crystal structures of protein kinases with bound substrate peptides show that substrate residues at positions -3 to +3 relative to the phosphorylated serine, threonine or tyrosine residue adopt an extended conformation and bind to a pocket in the catalytic domain of the protein kinase [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The heptapeptide sequence from -3 to +3 that best binds to the pocket is determined by the physicochemical nature of the residues in the catalytic domain that line the pocket and contact the substrate. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the conspicuous characteristics featuring its hyperthermophilic adaptation are overrepresentation of purine bases in protein coding sequences, higher GC-content in tRNA/rRNA sequences, distinct synonymous codon usage, enhanced usage of aromatic and positively charged residues, and decreased frequencies of polar uncharged residues, as compared to those in mesophilic organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Pairwise comparison of 105 orthologous protein sequences shows a strong bias towards replacement of uncharged polar residues of mesophilic proteins by Lys/Arg, Tyr and some hydrophobic residues in their Nanoarchaeal orthologs. (biomedcentral.com)

The protein overexpression is a potentially useful marker of clinical drug resistance. (thermofisher.com)

MitoNuc and MitoAln retrieval through SRS at http://bio-www.ba.cnr.it:8000/srs6/ can easily allow the extraction of sequence data, subsequences defined by specific features and nucleotide or amino acid multiple alignments. (nih.gov)
Evolutionary loss and gain of introns in genomic sequence data may provide a mechanism by which organisms diversify gene expression and gene function. (biomedcentral.com)
Understand various concepts related to how to write programs for MicroArray Gene Expression Analysis, ggplot2 biological data visualization & sequence retrieval, alignment, BLAST database searching & phylogenetic analysis in BioPython. (biocode.ltd)
This site contains genome sequence and mapping data for organisms in Entrez Genome. (nih.gov)
The BD™ AbSeq oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies, when incorporated into a single-cell mRNA-sequencing experiment, can yield combined transcript and protein expression data. (bdbiosciences.com)
A step-by-step approach for obtaining both transcript and protein data in a single experiment. (bdbiosciences.com)
This step will uncover extensive information about Tirzepatide's sequence, patent, literature, data from diversified sources, and visual representations of the competitive landscape of patents. (patsnap.com)
Analog signals are continuous, representing data as a continuous waveform, while digital signals are discrete, representing data as a sequence of discrete values (usually binary). (caddikt.com)
Universal nomenclature would help researchers retrieve and analyze sequence data to better understand the evolution of this virus. (cdc.gov)
The results of surveys, analyses, and studies are made known through a number of data release mechanisms including publications, mainframe computer data files, CD-ROMs (Search and Retrieval Software, Statistical Export and Tabulation System (SETS)), and the Internet (http://www.cdc.gov/nchswww/nchshome.htm). (cdc.gov)
In addition, NCHS requests that the acronym HHANES be placed in the abstracts of journal articles and other publications based on data from this survey in order to facilitate the retrieval of such materials through automated bibliographic searches. (cdc.gov)

The structural comparison of binding sites is especially useful when applied on distantly related proteins as a comparison solely based on the amino acid sequence is not sufficient in such cases. (uni-marburg.de)

Since then, the same principle has been adapted to describe many alternative methods, including some that detect protein-DNA interactions or DNA-DNA interactions, as well as methods that use different host organisms such as Escherichia coli or mammalian cells instead of yeast. (wikipedia.org)
The genetically modified organisms or cells can be used in screening assays to identify candidate compounds which are potential pesticidal agents or therapeutics that interact with TWIK channel proteins. (patsnap.com)

PG2 can be integrated with current and emerging sequencing technologies, assemblers, variant callers, and mass spectral analysis algorithms, and is available open-source from https://github.com/kentsisresearchgroup/ProteomeGenerator2 . (biorxiv.org)
Comparative analysis reveals conserved protein phosphorylation networks implicated in multiple diseases. (lindinglab.science)
This information includes biological information, table/map displays, and sequence analysis and retrieval options. (candidagenome.org)
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique has achieved increased importance for post-mortem DNA analysis in forensic cases 8 because of the millions of copies amplified from one specific sequence of DNA. (bvsalud.org)

This site contains files for all sequence records in GenBank in the default flat file format. (nih.gov)
The protein sequences corresponding to the translations of coding sequences (CDS) in GenBank are collected for each GenBank release. (nih.gov)

Likewise, advances in mass spectrometry proteomics now permit highly sensitive and accurate studies of protein expression at the whole proteome-scale. (biorxiv.org)

ProEvo represents evolutionary relatedness of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Current protein language models (PLMs) learn protein representations mainly based on their sequences, thereby well capturing co-evolutionary information, but they are unable to explicitly acquire protein functions, which is the end goal of protein representation learning. (arxiv.org)

The explicit representation of protein complexes in PRO--defining each member of the complex at the level of its isoform, variant, or modified form--provides the ability to represent complex biological knowledge as it is emerging in the experimental research community in structures that are both human readable and accessible to algorithmic approaches. (biomedcentral.com)

This site contains the full taxonomy database along with files associating nucleotide and protein sequence records with their taxonomy IDs. (nih.gov)

PG2 integrates genome and transcriptome sequencing to incorporate protein variants containing amino acid substitutions, insertions, and deletions, as well as non-canonical reading frames, exons, and other variants caused by genomic and transcriptomic variation. (biorxiv.org)
The Protein Ontology (PRO) Consortium is filling this informatics resource gap by developing ontological representations and relationships among proteins and their variants and modified forms. (biomedcentral.com)

Conserved Domains is a database of protein domains represented by sequence alignments and profiles for protein domains conserved in molecular evolution. (nih.gov)

CGD's Gene/Sequence Resources tool and Batch Download tool both allow you to retrieve sequences in batch for a list of regions. (candidagenome.org)
You may also retrieve information about flanking sequences upstream and/or downstream of the entered gene/sequence name. (candidagenome.org)
To do this, type the length of the flanking region you would like to retrieve in the boxes (upstream and/or downstream) below where you entered the sequence name. (candidagenome.org)
If you would like to retrieve part of an ORF you should use the chromosomal coordinates in retrieval option 2. (candidagenome.org)
If you would like to retrieve or manipulate the reverse complement of the sequence, check the "Use the Reverse Complement" box. (candidagenome.org)

Silencing of adipsin suppressed IGF-1-induced IL-6, IL-8, COX2, ICAM-1, CCL2 gene expression, and IL-6 protein secretion. (bvsalud.org)

PRO is a unique database resource for species-specific protein complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
First, create a free account with Patsnap Bio Sequence Database . (patsnap.com)
Patsnap Bio is the most extensive sequence search platform for the Patsnap database. (patsnap.com)
We have constructed a database (DPVweb) that contains all sequences of viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa, that are complete or which encode one or more gene. (dpvweb.net)
The database also includes verified annotations for the open reading frames and other major features of each sequence. (dpvweb.net)
The database is updated for new sequences regularly. (dpvweb.net)

In general, a protein kinase acts on a discrete set of substrates to ensure that signalling fidelity is maintained. (biomedcentral.com)
How a particular protein kinase recognises its substrate protein(s) is therefore a key question. (biomedcentral.com)
Two major factors determine the formation of a protein kinase-substrate complex [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The first, termed substrate recruitment, encompasses any process that increases the effective concentration of the protein kinase substrate. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, most human tissues in healthy individuals acquire somatic nucleotide substitutions, insertions, deletions and DNA rearrangements, leading to the production of variant protein isoforms. (biorxiv.org)
ProForm represents species-specific and species-independent classes of protein isoforms, co- and post-translationally modified forms, and variant forms. (biomedcentral.com)

Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)

Based on this dataset, we propose the ProtST framework to enhance Protein Sequence pre-training and understanding by biomedical Texts. (arxiv.org)

In this context, a library may consist of a collection of protein-encoding sequences that represent all the proteins expressed in a particular organism or tissue, or may be generated by synthesising random DNA sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)

With emphasis on MinION Nanopore sequencing, cDNA-direct and target-enrichment (amplicon-based) sequencing approaches were validated in parallel. (frontiersin.org)

The main exogenous factors limiting the retrieval of information from human remains are fire and accidents involving high temperatures. (bvsalud.org)
The main exogenous factors that may limit the retrieval of information from human remains and restrict the entire process of human identification are issues associated with fires, such as heat and explosions 23 . (bvsalud.org)

ProComp, the focus of this manuscript, represents multi-protein complexes, with an initial (but not exclusive) emphasis on protein components of complexes in mouse and human. (biomedcentral.com)

Although existing protin-centric informatics resources provide the biomedical research community with well-curated compendia of protein sequence and structure, these resources lack formal ontological representations of the relationships among the proteins themselves. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the caveat remains that quantitative estimates of proteinuria performed at clinical chemistry laboratories reflect the sum total of several classes of proteins and yield a result greater than the actual amount of albumin in the specimen. (medscape.com)

Then, navigate to the homepage's "standard search" and enter the Tirzepatide sequence or simply input the drug name, Tirzepatide, in the "Drug/Gene index. (patsnap.com)
You can search for entries in the OMA Browser using protein sequences. (omabrowser.org)
We provide two different search strategies, an exact search, which only reports entries in OMA that have an exact match with the query sequence, and an approximate search strategy that allows also for a few mismatches with the query sequence. (omabrowser.org)
Try the Approximate Sequence Search function. (omabrowser.org)
The Automatic Search for Ligand Binding Sites in Proteins of Known Three-dimensional Structure Using only Geometric Criteria. (uni-marburg.de)

Moreover, binding site comparisons are used as an idea generator for bioisosteric replacements of individual functional groups of the newly developed drug and to unravel the function of hitherto orphan proteins. (uni-marburg.de)

A comparative study of the relationship between protein structure and beta-aggregation in globular and intrinsically disordered proteins. (lindinglab.science)

ProComp leverages, and cross references, entries in existing protein-centric informatics resources, including the protein complexes that are represented in the Cellular Component branch of the Gene Ontology. (biomedcentral.com)

If the bait and prey proteins interact (i.e., bind), then the AD and BD of the transcription factor are indirectly connected, bringing the AD in proximity to the transcription start site and transcription of reporter gene(s) can occur. (wikipedia.org)
If the two proteins do not interact, there is no transcription of the reporter gene. (wikipedia.org)
The challenge of separating cells that express proteins that happen to interact with their counterpart fusion proteins from those that do not, is addressed in the following section. (wikipedia.org)
The traits potentially attributable to the symbiotic/parasitic life-style of the organism include the presence of apparently weak translational selection in synonymous codon usage and a marked heterogeneity in membrane-associated proteins, which may be important for N. equitans to interact with the host and hence, may help the organism to adapt to the strictly host-associated life style. (biomedcentral.com)

In this way, a successful interaction between the fused protein is linked to a change in the cell phenotype. (wikipedia.org)

To ensure accurate molecular epidemiology analyses, we propose a uniform nomenclature for HRSV-positive samples and isolates, and HRSV sequences, namely: HRSV/subgroup identifier/geographic identifier/unique sequence identifier/year of sampling. (cdc.gov)

Two-hybrid screening (originally known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and protein-DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Pioneered by Stanley Fields and Ok-Kyu Song in 1989, the technique was originally designed to detect protein-protein interactions using the Gal4 transcriptional activator of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (wikipedia.org)

Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein complexes are distinguished from protein-protein interactions in that they are continuant entities, i.e. they endure or continue to exist through time. (biomedcentral.com)
In the GO, types of protein complexes are defined in terms of constituent macromolecule classes and the function(s) that the complexes carry out. (biomedcentral.com)

The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay. (wikipedia.org)

Also disclosed are methods of identifying related polypeptides and polynucleotides, methods of making and using transgenic cells comprising the novel sequences of the invention, as well as methods for controlling an insect population, such as the Western Corn Rootworm and Colorado potato beetle, and for conferring to a plant population resistance to the target insect species. (patsnap.com)

Anatomy13

Organisms14

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs29

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment49

Psychiatry and Psychology30

Phenomena and Processes69

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities1

Information Science58

Health Care14

Genomes4

Bioinformatics3

Genes7

Whole-genome sequences2

Annotation5

Genomic sequences2

Nucleotide sequence1

Citrate buffer pH2

Prediction3

FASTA2

Databases12

Biological sequences2

Alignment and Analysis1

Nucleic acids2

Peptide5

Genome-scale2

Identifiers3

Residues8

Overexpression1

Data11

Amino acid seq1

Organisms2

Analysis4

GenBank2

Proteomics1

Evolutionary2

Structures1

Taxonomy1

Variants2

Alignments1

Retrieve5

Gene expression1

Database6

Kinase4

Isoforms2

Isoelectric Point1

Framework1

Context2

Approaches1

Exogenous2

Emphasis1

Representations1

Yield1

Search5

Functional1

Structure1

Informatics1

Interact4

Phenotype1

Nomenclature1

Yeast2

Complexes3

Assay1

Species1