ReplicationSubunitRAD1RAD24Chk1SchizosaccharomycesProliferating cell nuInteractionsCerevisiaeSerineKinasePolymeraseMutationsVitroPhosphorylationFamily of proteinsSubcellularCheckpoint controlDegradationTumorMutationComplexesHelicaseDownstreamEntrez GeneMolecularChromosomalHomologous recombination repairDamageChromatinGeneticGenomeAssaysRecombinantNucleosomesComplexHumanTranscriptRegulateOrganismRolesRecruitmentDeletion2017NuclearNucleus
Replication14
- Similar to other DNA repair proteins USP20 is usually phosphorylated post DNA damage and its depletion sensitizes cancer cells to damaging agents that form blocks ahead of the replication forks. (healthdisparitiesks.org)
- It is constitutively associated with chromatin and is required for normal DNA replication (7 8 Rad17 protein Dabigatran etexilate was reported to be regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) (9). (healthdisparitiesks.org)
- RPA, replication protein A. (rupress.org)
- This is accompanied by DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction and recruitment of the DNA repair proteins replication protein A, Rad51, and 53BP1 to damaged regions. (rupress.org)
- The Rad17-RFC and 9-1-1 complexes are structurally similar to the RFC (replication factor C) clamp loader and PCNA sliding clamp, respectively, and similar mechanisms are thought to be used during loading of the 9-1-1 complex and PCNA. (reactome.org)
- Human DNA topoisomerase II-binding protein 1 (hTopBP1) plays an important role in DNA replication and the DNA damage checkpoint pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
- During ATR signaling in response to DNA damage, Rad17 forms a complex with 9-1-1 and loads onto stalled replication forks [ 4 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Human DNA topoisomerase II-binding protein 1 (TopBP1) and its orthologs play important roles in DNA replication and checkpoint control [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- This complex is believed to be involved in cellular responses to DNA damage, possibly by associating with Rad17 and several components of the PCNA-loading heteropentamer, replication factor C. Human Rad1 exhibits significant homology to Rad1 from S. pombe, and its expression in yeast rad1 mutants has been shown to partially restore radiation resistance and G2 checkpoint activity. (biossusa.com)
- The presence of replication stress activates the DNA damage response and downstream checkpoint proteins including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1), which trigger cell cycle arrest while protecting and restoring stalled replication forks. (bmj.com)
- Each origin is initiated by a combination of regulatory proteins that prepare the chromatin for replication before synthesis (S)-phase entry. (bmj.com)
- Any obstacles encountered by cells in this process can lead to 'replicative stress' ( Figure 1 ), 1 which may be overcome by replicative stress response proteins, but deficiencies in this response result in accumulated errors in DNA replication and loss of genomic integrity, which lead to cell death. (bmj.com)
- Proof also shows that tyrosine phosphorylation is normally involved with HSV-1 replication because (we) HSV-1 penetration sets off tyrosine phosphorylation of mobile protein (1, 35), (ii) many viral protein are tyrosine phosphorylated during an infection (3, 30), and (iii) HSV-1 replication is normally inhibited in the current presence of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (13, 44C46). (thebiotechdictionary.com)
- Also, bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) glycoprotein E (gE) is normally tyrosine phosphorylated during viral replication as well as the titer of trojan is normally proportional to the amount of phosphorylation of the envelope proteins (39). (thebiotechdictionary.com)
Subunit6
- DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLE gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Rad17 is a subunit of the Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 clamp loader complex which is Dabigatran etexilate required for Chk1 activation after DNA damage. (healthdisparitiesks.org)
- From computer modeling studies, the Rad17 subunit of the complex is also proposed to interact with the C-terminus of Rad1, p36 with the C-terminus of Hus1, and p38 with the C-terminus of Rad9. (reactome.org)
- The 48 kDa subunit, RETINOBLASTOMA-BINDING PROTEIN 4, is also a component of several other protein complexes involved in chromatin remodeling. (lookformedical.com)
- Although initially discovered as a retinoblastoma binding protein it has an affinity for core HISTONES and is a subunit of chromatin assembly factor-1 and polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
- It is found as a subunit of protein complexes that are in involved in the enzymatic modification of histones including the Mi2 and Sin3 histone deacetylase complexes and the polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
RAD17
- It forms a checkpoint protein complex with RAD1 and HUS1. (avivasysbio.com)
- The Rad1 protein, evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans, exists in cells as monomer as well as a component in the 9-1-1 protein complex. (biomedcentral.com)
- The S. cerevisiae checkpoint protein Rad17, the orthologue of human Rad1, forms a homocomplex in response to treatment with DNA damaging agents, and the complex is required for yeast survival after exposure to genotoxic agents [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- To determine whether Rad1 functions to maintain genomic stability and prevent tumor development, we generated Mrad1 mutant mice by gene targeting. (biomedcentral.com)
- The protein products of several rad checkpoint genes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (rad1 + , rad3 + , rad9 + , rad17 + , rad26 + , and hus1 + ) play crucial roles in sensing changes in DNA structure, and several function in the maintenance of telomeres. (elsevierpure.com)
- The purified Rad17 and Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 (9-1-1) complexes can form a stable co-complex in the presence of ATP, using Rad17-Rad9 interactions. (reactome.org)
- Human Rad1 is a component of a heterotrimeric PCNA like complex that also contains the Rad9 and Hus1 proteins. (biossusa.com)
RAD241
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae checkpoint genes MEC1, RAD17 and RAD24 are required for normal meiotic recombination partner choice. (uchicago.edu)
Chk14
- This kinase has been shown to phosphorylate checkpoint kinase CHK1, checkpoint proteins RAD17, and RAD9, as well as tumor suppressor protein BRCA1. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- hTopBP1 and hMYH were involved in ATR-mediated Chk1 activation, moreover, both of them were associated with ATR and hRad9 which known as checkpoint-involved proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition, we investigated several cell cycle-related proteins and found that co-knockdown of hTopBP1 and hMYH significantly diminished cell cycle arrest due to compromised checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) activation. (biomedcentral.com)
- The accumulation of hTopBP1 on chromatin and its subsequent interaction with hRad9 lead to cell cycle arrest, a process mediated by Chk1 phosphorylation and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) activation. (biomedcentral.com)
Schizosaccharomyces3
- RAD9A is highly similar to Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad9, a cell cycle checkpoint protein required for cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair in response to DNA damage. (avivasysbio.com)
- This protein and ATM share similarity with Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad3, a cell cycle checkpoint gene required for cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair in response to DNA damage. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- abstract = "The protein products of several rad checkpoint genes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (rad1+, rad3+, rad9+, rad17+, rad26+, and hus1+) play crucial roles in sensing changes in DNA structure, and several function in the maintenance of telomeres. (elsevierpure.com)
Proliferating cell nu1
- A proteomics approach to identify proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-binding proteins in human cell lysates. (wikipedia.org)
Interactions3
- Through its interactions with other proteins via its BRCT domains, hTopBP1 performs diverse functions [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- SHMT1, SHMT2, and their neighboring genes (NG) formed a complex network of interactions. (bvsalud.org)
- The tegument keeps its structural integrity in the lack of the envelope and capsid, indicating solid intermolecular interactions that has to can be found between these tegument proteins to aid the apparently amorphous framework (7, 27, 40). (thebiotechdictionary.com)
Cerevisiae2
- Monitoring changes in the subcellular location of proteins in S. cerevisiae. (uchicago.edu)
- Proteins obtained from the species SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. (lookformedical.com)
Serine1
- This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Kinase5
- DDR increased the expression level of pathogenesis-related ( PR ) genes and the total salicylic acid (SA) content and promoted mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades, including the WRKY signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. (ppjonline.org)
- DDR cascades are activated by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) proteins, which are DNA damage sensors and members of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-like family that amplify and transmit signals to downstream components ( Meek, 2009 ). (ppjonline.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs the PI3/PI4-kinase family, and is most closely related to ATM, a protein kinase encoded by the gene mutated in ataxia telangiectasia. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- 2. Shen J P,Srivas R,Gross A,et al.Chemogenetic profiling identifies RAD17 as synthetically lethal with checkpoint kinase inhibition[J].Oncotarget,2015,6(34):35755-35769. (nefu.edu.cn)
- The SAD1/RAD53 protein kinase controls multiple checkpoints and DNA damage-induced transcription in yeast. (academicinfluence.com)
Polymerase1
- Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear protein that uses NAD + to synthesize a multibranched polyanion composed of ADP-ribose moieties, giving rise to poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), onto itself or a variety of target proteins. (nature.com)
Mutations5
- Mutations of this gene are associated with Seckel syndrome. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- Researchers have identified several hundred mutations in the ATM gene that cause ataxia-telangiectasia. (diff.org)
- disorder have mutations in both copies of the ATM gene in each cell. (diff.org)
- protein allows mutations to accumulate in other genes, which may cause cells to grow and divide in an uncontrolled way. (diff.org)
- this protein prevents efficient repair of DNA damage, leading to the accumulation of mutations in other genes. (diff.org)
Vitro2
- In vitro assays indicate the protein lacks phosphorylation activity. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- Inactivation of thrE gene shows reduced growth rate in vitro in medium supplemented with threonine. (biomedcentral.com)
Phosphorylation3
- Our results showed that CP-CML CD34+ progenitors were characterized by significant lower phosphorylation of proteins involved in the regulation of growth and cell survival, such as tyrosine kinases of the Src family and members of STAT family, and by a significant higher phosphorylation of p53 (Ser15), compared to normal CD34+ cells from healthy donors. (oncotarget.com)
- Phosphorylation of tegument proteins is normally believed to are likely involved in tegument proteins dissociation (28). (thebiotechdictionary.com)
- Both mobile and virally encoded kinases get excited about the phosphorylation of tegument protein (5, 11, 12), and serines of tegument proteins HSV-1 VP22 are phosphorylated in contaminated cells (11, 12). (thebiotechdictionary.com)
Family of proteins2
- PARP-1 is the best-characterized member of the diphtheria toxin-like ADP-ribosyl transferases (ARTDs) family of proteins. (nature.com)
- This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Subcellular1
- VP22 relocates to a book subcellular site with another tegument proteins, VP16, in coexpressing cells (7). (thebiotechdictionary.com)
Checkpoint control1
- The ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) signaling cascade is an important pathway involved in the checkpoint control mechanism [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Degradation1
- The anaphase-promoting complex (APC) was identified as the ubiquitin E3 ligase that mediates Rad17 degradation (9). (healthdisparitiesks.org)
Tumor1
- Li Q J,Wang D R.Rad17 and its significance in tumor[J].Journal of International Oncology,2011,38(5):336-338. (nefu.edu.cn)
Mutation3
- Unrepaired DNA lesions can lead to cell death, gene mutation and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
- We attempted to gain insight into the potential contribution of ovarian cancer genomic instability resulted from TP53 mutation to the aberrant expression of multidrug resistance gene MDR1 . (biomedcentral.com)
- Gene mutation. (kawasaki-m.ac.jp)
Complexes1
- Computed structures of core eukaryotic protein complexes. (ifom.eu)
Helicase1
- 3. Wan L,Han J H,Liu T,et al.Scaffolding protein SPIDR/KIAA0146 connects the Bloom syndrome helicase with homologous recombination repair[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(26):10646-10651. (nefu.edu.cn)
Downstream1
- Activation of ATR phosphorylates a number of downstream proteins that coordinate the cell cycle checkpoint. (biomedcentral.com)
Entrez Gene1
- Please see the Entrez Gene record to access additional publications. (avivasysbio.com)
Molecular1
- 1. Prentiss M,Prévost C,Danilowicz C.Structure/function relationships in RecA protein-mediated homology recognition and strand exchange[J].Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,2015,50(6):453-476. (nefu.edu.cn)
Chromosomal2
- and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
- Small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kD) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the DNA in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. (lookformedical.com)
Homologous recombination repair1
- Finally, codepletion of Rad51, an important homologous recombination repair protein, abrogates the DNA damage after SET8 depletion. (rupress.org)
Damage3
- This protein is found to possess 3' to 5' exonuclease activity, which may contribute to its role in sensing and repairing DNA damage. (avivasysbio.com)
- This complex is recruited by checkpoint protein RAD17 to the sites of DNA damage, which is thought to be important for triggering the checkpoint-signaling cascade. (avivasysbio.com)
- According to the transcriptome database of Halostachys caspica under the salt stress, the DNA damage repair gene DMC1 of H. caspica was cloned and named HcDMC1 . (nefu.edu.cn)
Chromatin3
- How the proteins that regulate these processes function in the context of chromatin and its dynamic architectures is an intensive field of study. (rockefeller.edu)
- A retinoblastoma-binding protein that is involved in CHROMATIN REMODELING, histone deacetylation, and repression of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION. (lookformedical.com)
- The repeating structural units of chromatin, each consisting of approximately 200 base pairs of DNA wound around a protein core. (lookformedical.com)
Genetic1
- Genetic polymorphism at codon 546 of the human RAD17 contributes to the risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (kawasaki-m.ac.jp)
Genome1
- Over the past decade, genome-wide assays and new imaging approaches have enabled a greater understanding of how access to the genome is regulated by nucleosomes and associated proteins. (rockefeller.edu)
Assays2
- The extracts can then be used in western blotting, protein-DNA binding assays, nuclear enzyme assays or any other procedures requiring optimized nuclear proteins. (abcam.com)
- Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. (lookformedical.com)
Recombinant1
- DMC1 is a necessary meiotic specific protein for homologous chromosome pairing and recombinant repair during meiosis. (nefu.edu.cn)
Nucleosomes1
- A histone chaperone protein that plays a role in the deposition of NUCLEOSOMES on newly synthesized DNA. (lookformedical.com)
Complex3
- It is believed that this complex is important for the function of these three proteins in DNA repair as well as activation of cell cycle checkpoints. (biomedcentral.com)
- The 9-1-1 complex is a heterotrimeric ring-shaped structure that is loaded onto DNA by the Rad17-RFC complex. (reactome.org)
- However, the presence of the 9-1-1 complex also alters the ability of Rad17 to become phosphorylated, perhaps suggesting that 9-1-1 may regulate the recruiment of additional ATR substrates. (reactome.org)
Human2
- In both human and mouse, this gene has substitutions at several residues within the ATP binding motifs that in other kinases have been shown to be required for catalysis. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- This gene is widely expressed in human tissues and its protein localizes to the nucleus. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Transcript1
- An alternatively spliced transcript variant of this gene has been reported, however, its full length nature is not known. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Regulate3
- The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bcl-xL as well as the antagonist BH3 just proteins Bak/Bax had been proven to regulate mitochondrial form in healthful cells aswell such as cells going through apoptosis [13] [14]. (tech-strategy.org)
- The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway evaluation suggested that furthermore to Wnt and changing growth aspect (TGF) signaling pathways, that have been reported in response to follicle formation broadly, another mixed band of signaling pathways that regulate lipid synthesis and fat burning capacity, like the phosphatidylinositol signaling program and glycerolipid signaling and fat burning capacity, are Gemzar biological activity in charge of follicle formation also. (clinical-research-informatics.com)
- Hence, multiple systems to regulate the incorporation of different tegument protein may exist. (thebiotechdictionary.com)
Organism1
- The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes. (lookformedical.com)
Roles1
- Assembly of RecA-like recombinases: distinct roles for mediator proteins in mitosis and meiosis. (uchicago.edu)
Recruitment1
- Conversely the dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1/DNM1) is definitely a cytosolic protein recruitment of which to the OMM from the anchored fission 1 protein (Fis1p/FIS1) adaptor initiates and settings the fission and distribution of mitochondria in cells [19]. (tech-strategy.org)
Deletion1
- gene deletion in mice results in embryonic lethality (7). (healthdisparitiesks.org)
20171
- XLS 97 kb) 12861_2017_153_MOESM8_ESM.xls (98K) GUID:?B2FE5241-0444-4D48-99D4-D5E55E4120EF Extra file 9: Desk S7: Target genes of the very best portrayed 18 miRNAs. (clinical-research-informatics.com)
Nuclear1
- Nuclear Extraction Kit (ab113474) provides a simple and selective method along with all necessary reagents for nuclear protein extraction / nuclear protein fractionation in just 1 hour. (abcam.com)
Nucleus2
- Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
- Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (lookformedical.com)