Protein protein complexes are found carrier proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Conjugate vaccines in which polysaccharide antigens are covalently linked to carrier proteins belong to the most effective and safest vaccines against bacterial pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
Previously undetected bacterial homologues were identified for# plant pathogenesis-related proteins, Pad1, von Willebrand factor type A, src homology 3 and YWTD repeat-containing domains. (embl.de)
Actin has many more protein interaction partners than the bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, but it has lost the ability to fold independently. (mpg.de)
The organization of bacterial cells is less complex than in higher developed cells. (mpg.de)
Bacterial cytoskeletal proteins also require the help of chaperones to effectively reach a folded state. (mpg.de)
The PEP enzyme recognizes the -10 and -35 cis -elements, similar to those found in bacterial promoters whereas the NEP enzyme recognizes the YRTA-motif, which can also be found upstream of several genes with PEP promoters indicating that these genes can be transcribed by both polymerases ( Pfannschmidt and Liere, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
In the bacterial reaction center, the electron is obtained from a reduced compound haem group in a cytochrome subunit or from a water-soluble cytochrome-c protein. (goldenssport.com)
One of the most critical tasks of modern bioinformatics is to predict and foretell the structure and, consequently, the functions of bacterial proteins. (custom-essay.org)
Traditionally, prediction of the functions of bacterial proteins is carried out for poorly studied molecules or hypothetical proteins predicted based on these genome sequences. (custom-essay.org)
This essay on Predicting Bacterial Proteins' Structure and Function was written by a student just like you. (custom-essay.org)
In contrast to expectations, none of the major S-layer proteins of the IPEC-1 -adhering strains mediated bacterial adherence. (biomedcentral.com)
S (surface) layers are the outermost cell envelope structures commonly found on the surface of lactobacilli and other bacterial species. (biomedcentral.com)
They are composed of numerous identical (glyco)protein subunits (with a 25-71 kDa size in lactobacilli), which form a regular, symmetric and porous array, completely covering the bacterial cell surface. (biomedcentral.com)

Although PPL is present in the bloodstream, no information is found on the interaction between PPL and rat serum albumin (RSA), the most abundant protein with the function of transporting endo/exogenous molecules. (nature.com)
The carbohydrate molecules need to be attached to a carrier molecule - usually a large protein - by a linker, such as a peptide. (chemistryworld.com)
At Biogen, we are developing a diverse portfolio consisting of small molecules, proteins, antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapy to target many neurodegenerative diseases. (chi-peptalk.com)
We found an asymmetric motion of the chaperone that is coordinated by the binding and lysis of ATP, energy-carrier molecules. (mpg.de)
Sometimes these processes are attractive because the molecules would be too complex for conventional chemical synthesis. (biooekonomie.de)
They act as binding molecules and carrier molecules allowing for transport and storage of atoms and molecules throughout the body. (biologydictionary.net)
This configuration enables conformational changes of the protein so that oxygen molecules can easily load and unload. (icr.org)

The transfer of the major egg yolk proteins such as Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) containing essentially apovitellenin and apolipoprotein-B, but also vitellogenins and some other plasma proteins from the blood such as serum albumin to the interstitial fluid of the thecae is possible due to the presence of broad discontinuities in the capillary endothelium. (biomedcentral.com)
Newly produced antibody, like the other plasma proteins, became readily labelled with S35 amino acids within a few hours. (caltech.edu)

Through a series of bioactivity assays, we found the transfer to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) in a fatty acyl-AMP ligase (FAAL)-dependent manner determined the specificity of lipids selected in the biosynthetic process. (duke.edu)
The soluble fatty acid desaturases, such as the plant Acyl-carrier-protein (ACP) desaturase family, use acyl carrier protein thioesters as substrates, and use ferredoxin oxidoreductase and ferredoxin as electron donors. (springeropen.com)

The problem of obtaining from precipitation experiments evidence about the structure of antibodies and the nature of serological reactions is obviously greatly simplified by the replacement of protein antigens by simple substances of known structure. (caltech.edu)
During the course of the investigation of precipitation reactions of polyhaptenic simple substances reported in the preceding paper of this series' we found it desirable to carry out a study of the effects of changed conditions of precipitation and washing on the amount of residual precipitate. (caltech.edu)
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. (lookformedical.com)
As versatile and advantageous as the biological synthesis of valuable substances is, it requires not only identifying and genetically optimizing appropriate enzymes, but also efficient production and purification of the target protein, because the single-celled organisms used for protein production also produce a lot of other compounds. (biooekonomie.de)

Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (lookformedical.com)
Proteins are constructed through an intricate action blueprinted and carried out by the nucleic acids deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). (biologydictionary.net)

Our research involves a combination of molecular biology, protein biochemistry, organic synthesis and structural studies and provides a strong training for students interested in understanding the organic chemistry of living systems and in pursuing careers in biotechnology, drug design or academia. (tamu.edu)
The stability of the RSA-PPL complex was checked by molecular dynamics. (nature.com)
However, there are significant challenges due to inherent molecular complexity of proteins. (chi-peptalk.com)
Proteins must be folded correctly to fulfill their molecular functions in cells. (mpg.de)
Molecular assistants called chaperones help proteins exploit their inbuilt folding potential and reach the correct three-dimensional structure. (mpg.de)
Newly-synthesized proteins at the ribosomes are not yet able to fulfill their molecular functions in the cell. (mpg.de)
Nascent proteins are protected from intermolecular interactions that would hamper their folding by chaperones, molecular folding assistants. (mpg.de)
The most common and cost-effective purification method is based on enabling the protein to bind to a specific surface structure by means of a molecular attachment known as a tag," Pecher explains. (biooekonomie.de)
We find applications both in the biophysical/molecular biology field and in the industrial area. (lu.se)

The process is known as protein biosynthesis and involves the construction of protein chains from individual amino acids in a particular sequence. (biologydictionary.net)

one was SDHB in complex II and a mitochondrial carrier protein SLC25A12. (diabetesjournals.org)
This compound is involved in the activity of a group of mitochondrial enzymes called the dehydrogenase complexes, one of which is the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. (medlineplus.gov)
We further detected mild metabolic and mitochondrial impairments in female mdx carrier mice that were exacerbated with high-fat diet feeding. (frontiersin.org)
The difficulty in understanding and treating human pathologies caused by mitochondrial dysfunction arises from the complex relationships between mitochondria and other cellular processes, as well as the genetic background of such diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
As electrons are shuttled through the complexes I, III and IV by electron carriers, protons (H + ) are moved from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space. (biomedcentral.com)
Fatty acids, which are often found in chains as CoA-esters, are first transported across the outer mitochondrial membrane by palmitoyl transferase I, resulting in translocation to the intermembrane space and transformation into an acyl-carnitine form. (biomedcentral.com)

Since then, the number of known CPPs has expanded considerably, and small molecule synthetic analogues with more effective protein transduction properties have been generated. (wikipedia.org)
This complex molecule can be seen below. (biologydictionary.net)
The process of gene expression is a combination of transcription and translation , where a sequence of DNA code provides the information necessary to construct a new protein molecule from available cellular materials. (biologydictionary.net)
Evolutionists should be able to trace how this amazing protein molecule originated-but they can't. (icr.org)
Who would consider seriously a phylogeny of vertebrates drawn from a comparison of myoglobin [a single polypeptide chain molecule found in the muscles of vertebrates] of some species and hemoglobin from others? (icr.org)
Representation of a human hemoglobin protein molecule. (icr.org)

The first step in this proposed model is an interaction with the unfolded fusion protein (TAT) and the membrane through electrostatic interactions, which disrupt the membrane enough to allow the fusion protein to cross the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The interaction between FnipL/Fnip2 and Flcn may be mediated mainly by the C-terminal domains of each protein as is the case for the Flcn-Fnip1 interaction. (nih.gov)
In addition, knowledge of protein structure may prompt potential partners for protein interaction and thus encourage researchers to develop or improve new enzymes or antibodies, or, for example, to explain the phenotype of the mutations performed or to help determine the location of the mutations in order to change specific phenotypes. (custom-essay.org)
In the interaction with proteins, lead binds with virtually every available functional group, including sulfhydryl, amine, phosphate, and carboxyl groups, with sulfhydryl having the highest affinity. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, a co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that the formation of a ternary complex between DJ-1, DJBP, and AR occurred in cells in which DJ-1 bound to the AR via DJBP. (nih.gov)
Recombinant mutant CALR proteins bound and activated the TpoR in cell lines and primary megakaryocytic progenitors from patients with mutated CALR in which they drive thrombopoietin-independent colony formation. (ox.ac.uk)
Most of the circulating testosterone is bound to carrier proteins (SHBG = sex hormone-binding globulin). (cdc.gov)
In this method, ions that can interact with the tag of the target protein are tightly bound to a support material, the solid-state matrix. (biooekonomie.de)
The membrane-bound fatty acid desaturases, which include Δ5-, Δ6-, Δ9-, Δ12- and Δ15-desaturase in the mammals, fungi, insects, higher plants and cyanobacteria, use fatty acids esterified to complex lipid as the substrate, and use cytochrome (cyt) b5 oxidoreductase and cyt b5 as electron donors. (springeropen.com)
Initially, lead is distributed to the blood plasma and soft tissues, but under steady state conditions 99% of the lead in blood is found in the erythrocyte, where much of it is bound to hemoglobin. (cdc.gov)

VWA domains in extracellular eukaryotic proteins mediate adhesion via metal ion-dependent adhesion sites (MIDAS). (embl.de)
Several other genetic backgrounds result in enlargement of the haltere significantly beyond the normal range of haploinsufficient phenotypes, suggesting genetic variation in cofactors that mediate homeotic protein function. (lookformedical.com)

In addition, the serum of patients with glomerular nephritis was found to contain a substance with similar effects and specificity. (caltech.edu)

In comparison with similar proteins that build the cytoskeleton of bacteria, which are evolutionary older and simpler cells, the researchers found fundamental differences in the protein folding. (mpg.de)

To cause sensitization, a chemical must bind to macromolecules (proteins) in the skin. (cdc.gov)

They found that vesicles are varied in size and are relatively low in concentration compared with ribosomes and other small complexes. (scienceboard.net)
Like all proteins, actin is "born" at the ribosomes, the protein factories of the cell, which string together amino acids into a long chain. (mpg.de)
This code must be extracted, decoded and transported to cellular protein manufacturing units called ribosomes by various forms of ribonucleic acid. (biologydictionary.net)

Alignment of the amino acid sequence of aprotinin with the Kunitz domains of human proteins allowed the identification and design of a family of peptides, named Angiopeps. (aspetjournals.org)

A major difference was found between the distributions of enzyme families that are typically found in all three divisions of cellular life and non-enzymatic domain families that are usually eukaryote-specific. (embl.de)
F 1 F 0 -ATP synthase is a large enzyme complex made up of over 22 subunits. (biomedcentral.com)
The preferred route for protons in the intermembrane space to re-enter the matrix, in an attempt to flow down the gradient and re-establish equilibrium, is to enter through the ATP synthase enzyme complex. (biomedcentral.com)
Every antibody, enzyme and chemical messenger is created from protein. (biologydictionary.net)
The reduced enzyme activity results in increased enzyme substrate and abnormal actin-binding proteins important in neuronal morphogenesis. (medscape.com)

These include 37 proteases and antiproteases, which are likely to play a role in the formation of the yolk (vitellogenesis), as regulators of protein metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
This perspective focuses on two areas that have yielded new useful information during the last 20 years: (i) structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of contact allergy based on the concept of hapten-protein binding and (ii) mechanistic investigations regarding activation of nonsensitizing compounds to contact allergens by air oxidation or skin metabolism. (cdc.gov)

The CusB protein is part of the CusCBA periplasmic Cu(I) efflux system in Gram-negative bacteria, and it was recently reported to play a key role in the functioning of the whole CusCBA system, in which conformational changes as well as the assembly/disassembly process control the opening of the transporter. (biorxiv.org)
In contrast, Cus efflux systems are found in many pathogenic microbes such as Legionella, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and many other Gram-negative bacteria. (biorxiv.org)
Phyletic distributions of eukaryotic signalling domains were studied using recently developed sensitive methods for protein sequence analysis, with an emphasis on the detection and accurate enumeration of homologues in bacteria and archaea. (embl.de)
Simpler chaperones as they are found in bacteria cannot fold actin into its mature form. (mpg.de)
In the 1960s, Roderick Clayton was the first to purify the reaction center complex from purple bacteria. (goldenssport.com)
Fatty acid desaturases are found in almost all organisms, including plants, animals, bacteria and fungi. (springeropen.com)
Cariogenic bacteria are found in the complex biofilm which contains many kinds of bacteria called dental plaque. (positivehealth.com)

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)

Indeed, mechanisms that involve large fluctuations of the membrane structure, such as transient pores and the insertion of charged amino acid side-chains, may be common and perhaps central to the functions of many membrane protein functions. (wikipedia.org)
This low concentration explains how the inefficiency of previous CFE systems is derived from limitations of membrane protein synthesis, namely the fact that additional vesicle supplementation needed to match protein levels. (scienceboard.net)
This was also significant for being the first 3D crystal structure of any membrane protein complex. (goldenssport.com)
Photosystem I is an integral membrane protein complex that uses light energy to catalyze the transfer of electrons across the thylakoid membrane from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. (goldenssport.com)

It is necessary to carry out pairwise alignment, which allows revealing conservative residues in the whole family or separate subfamilies of proteins. (custom-essay.org)

In addition to the binding of DJBP to the COOH-terminal region of DJ-1, DJBP was also found to bind in vitro and in vivo to the DNA-binding domain of the AR in a testosterone-dependent manner and to be colocalized with DJ-1 or AR in the nucleus. (nih.gov)
Proteins which bind to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)

For this reason, specialists are interested in anticipating a protein abnormal to the host organism in the carrier bacterium so that a drug can be developed in time. (custom-essay.org)

The SLC25A19 gene provides instructions for producing a protein that is a member of the solute carrier (SLC) family of proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
It is caused by a point mutation (G→T) at nucleotide position 559 of the gene, bovine solute carrier family 35 member 3 (SLC35A3). (researchgate.net)
Gene sequences from normal and carrier animals were compared using the software, codon code Aligner 4.0.4. (researchgate.net)
Mutations in the gene for the antennapedia homeodomain protein are associated with the conversion of antenna to leg or leg to antenna DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)
Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)
This study provided a better understanding of the evolution and functions of the fatty acid desaturases gene family in the four Aspergillus species, and would be useful for seeking methods to improve the production of unsaturated fatty acids and enhance efforts for the genetic improvement of strains to adapt to the complex surrounding environment. (springeropen.com)
[ 2 ] The gene encodes a phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate 5 phosphatase, localized to the trans-Golgi complex involved in actin polymerization. (medscape.com)

Glycoconjugate synthesis, in particular expression of oligosaccharyltransferase PglB, strongly inhibited growth of E. coli cells after induction, making it necessary to separate biomass growth and recombinant protein expression phases. (biomedcentral.com)
The presented data demonstrate that glycosylated proteins can be produced in recombinant E. coli at a larger scale. (biomedcentral.com)

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is involved in a variety of tumor-promoting activities such as matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, chemotherapy resistance, and immunosuppression. (snmjournals.org)
One of these proteins is the fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a type II transmembrane serine protease with both dipeptidyl peptidase activity and endopeptidase activity ( 2 - 4 ). (snmjournals.org)
[ 4 , 5 ] Fibroblast activity was found to be decreased by 80%-90% in patients with Lowe syndrome compared to healthy controls. (medscape.com)

Moreover, PRIN2 and CSP41b form a distinct protein complex in vitro that binds DNA. (frontiersin.org)
The target protein thus binds to the support material, other proteins can be washed off, and finally the target protein is released from the matrix in a chemical reaction without contamination from other proteins. (biooekonomie.de)
Hemoglobin is an iron-containing respiratory protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen and then transports and releases it to cells that need oxygen. (icr.org)
Lead also binds to metallothionein, a sulfhydryl-rich protein, but does not appear to displace cadmium or zinc. (cdc.gov)

bovine solute carrier family 35 membe r 3 (SLC35A3). (researchgate.net)

We show here that PLASTID REDOX INSENSITIVE 2 (PRIN2) and CHLOROPLAST STEM-LOOP BINDING PROTEIN 41 kDa (CSP41b), two proteins identified in plastid nucleoid preparations, are essential for proper plant embryo development. (frontiersin.org)

The aim of this study was to detect carriers of CVM in Holstein population using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Primer-introduced restriction analysis and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-PIRA and RFLP) methods. (researchgate.net)

AsianScientist (May 29, 2019) - An international team of researchers has succeeded in creating a 'protein cage'-a nanoscale structure for targeted drug delivery in the body-that is durable and can be readily assembled or disassembled. (asianscientist.com)

Plasma mutant CALR is found in complex with soluble transferrin receptor 1 (sTFR1) that acts as a carrier protein and increases mutant CALR half-life. (ox.ac.uk)

The subunits are held together and connected to the underlying cell surface by non-covalent interactions, and they spontaneously reassemble in vitro by an entropy-driven process, i.e. the subunit proteins are very poorly water-soluble [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A recent discovery found that Papillomaviridae, such as the human papillomavirus, use CPPs to penetrate the intracellular membrane to trigger retrograde trafficking of the viral unit to the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
The most famous examples are viruses where the protein cage acts as a carrier of viral genetic material into host cells. (asianscientist.com)
This finding provides a powerful rationale for testing the protective activity of these relatively conserved viral components in humans. (cdc.gov)
While antibodies to the immunodominant, but highly variable, regions of HA and NA can provide potent virus strain-specific protection, the existence of weaker and more broadly protective immune activities directed to less variable regions of viral proteins has long been known ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of respiratory viral infections is complex. (cdc.gov)

The antibodies were isolated, and found to kill cancer cells in the test tube very efficiently. (chemistryworld.com)
Some success has been obtained also in the formation of antibodies from other serum proteins and by other denaturation-renaturation procedures. (caltech.edu)
The most promising approaches are based on antibodies specific for the relatively conserved ectodomain of matrix protein 2 and the intersubunit region of hemagglutinin. (cdc.gov)
Because of their potential for broadening vaccine-mediated protection in humans, they have been studied extensively in animals and found to be mediated predominantly by virus-specific memory T cells ( 6 , 7 ), antibodies ( 8 - 10 ), or a combination of both ( 11 - 13 ). (cdc.gov)

Usually made from many protein subunits and having a hollow interior, these protein cages carry out many important tasks. (asianscientist.com)
Moreover, the role of the L. amylovorus surface (S) -layers - symmetric, porous arrays of identical protein subunits present as the outermost layer of the cell envelope - in adherence to IPEC-1 cells was assessed using a novel approach which utilized purified cell wall fragments of the strains as carriers for the recombinantly produced S-layer proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

Examples of the latter include acting as a carrier for GFP, MRI contrast agents, or quantum dots. (wikipedia.org)

Researchers believe that this mutation interferes with the transport of thiamine pyrophosphate into the mitochondria and the activity of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, resulting in the abnormal brain development and alpha-ketoglutaric aciduria seen in Amish lethal microcephaly. (medlineplus.gov)

So far, it has been believed that the general information on this fold is encoded in the primary protein structure - the sequence of amino acids. (mpg.de)
Through a series of minimally complex analogs, we determined non-proteinogenic amino acids and the N-acyl fatty acid moiety are essential for bioactivity. (duke.edu)
Each protein is the combination of a specific sequence of amino acids, built according to the blueprint contained within the DNA. (biologydictionary.net)

It was found that DJBP repressed a testosterone-dependent AR transactivation activity in monkey Cos1 cells by recruiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex, including HDAC1 and mSin3, and that DJ-1 partially restored its repressed activity by abrogating DJBP-HDAC complex. (nih.gov)
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (MPIB) have demonstrated that actin, the most abundant protein in higher developed cells, does not have the inbuilt potential to fold and instead requires special assistance to fold into its active state. (mpg.de)
Actin is the most abundant protein in highly developed cells and has diverse functions in processes like cell stabilization, cell division and muscle contractions. (mpg.de)
Misfolded proteins can aggregate into toxic clumps, which damage cells and contribute to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. (mpg.de)
In comparison with cells that only carry TpoR, cells that carry both TpoR and mutant CALR are hypersensitive to exogenous mutant CALR proteins and respond to levels of mutant CALR proteins similar to those in patient plasma. (ox.ac.uk)
We demonstrated adhesive and significant pathogen inhibitory efficacies among the swine intestinal L. amylovorus strains studied, pointing to their potential use as probiotic feed supplements, but no independent role could be demonstrated for the major S-layer proteins in adherence to epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Hemoglobin is an iron-containing oxygen-transport protein found in red blood cells. (icr.org)

All known individuals with Amish lethal microcephaly have a mutation in which the protein building block (amino acid) alanine is substituted for the amino acid glycine at position 177 of the SLC25A19 protein, written as Gly177Ala or G177A. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutant calreticulin (CALR) proteins resulting from a -1/+2 frameshifting mutation of the CALR exon 9 carry a novel C-terminal amino acid sequence and drive the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). (ox.ac.uk)

The von Willebrand factor is a large multimeric glycoprotein found in blood plasma. (embl.de)
In von Willebrand factor, the type A domain (vWF) is the prototype for a protein superfamily. (embl.de)
Factor VIII circulates with von Willebrand factor (VWF) in a noncovalent complex. (medscape.com)

Another problem is complexity-most protein-protein interactions are mediated via complex networks of weak chemical bonds that are very difficult to engineer from scratch. (asianscientist.com)
We were able to replace the complex interactions between proteins with simple 'staples' based on the coordination of single gold atoms," Heddle explained. (asianscientist.com)
Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by dysfunctions in social interactions, communications, restricted interests, and repetitive stereotypic behaviors. (mdpi.com)
Typically, proteins spontaneously find their fold - chaperones just assist them by making the process more effective and keeping the protein away from interactions that would hamper folding. (mpg.de)

Affinity chromatography is used to purify proteins, but it involves the use of heavy metal ions (here: nickel). (biooekonomie.de)
We are confronted with these every day when we purify our proteins. (biooekonomie.de)
This is where ProMin enters the picture: The research team has developed a new method to purify proteins that does not rely on environmentally harmful heavy metals. (biooekonomie.de)

By including gold atoms in the fabrication process, researchers in Japan and Poland have created nano-sized protein cages with 'impossible' geometries. (asianscientist.com)
With the gold atoms, however, the proteins could assemble into large hollow complexes, ideal for encapsulating drugs. (asianscientist.com)

Attempts were made to confer insolubility on protein antigens such as ovalbumin and crystalline bovine serum albumin without destroying their antigenicity. (caltech.edu)

These proteins share the same number of disulfide bridges (17) and a Cys34 thiol group 11 . (nature.com)

Mutant deoxynucleotide carrier is associated with congenital microcephaly. (medlineplus.gov)
We report that mutant CALR proteins are secreted and can be found in patient plasma at levels up to 160 ng/mL, with a mean of 25.64 ng/mL. (ox.ac.uk)
By bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assay, we show that mutant CALR proteins produced in 1 cell can specifically interact in trans with the TpoR on a target cell. (ox.ac.uk)
Thus, secreted mutant CALR proteins will act more specifically on the MPN clone. (ox.ac.uk)

Among other things, biocatalytically active proteins (enzymes) can produce an incredible variety of complex biomolecules with potential applications ranging from basic chemicals and fuels to food additives and pharmaceuticals. (biooekonomie.de)
Protein prediction is an incredibly important goal since it allows to simplify biotechnological research in the process of designing new drugs or enzymes. (custom-essay.org)

Two different periplasmic carrier proteins, AcrA from C. jejuni and a toxoid form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin were glycosylated with Shigella O antigens in E. coli . (biomedcentral.com)

Cytoplasmic retention of Flcn was canceled with C-terminal truncation of FnipL/Fnip2, suggesting that FnipL/Fnip2 regulates Flcn distribution through their complex formation. (nih.gov)

The red color is from several complex hemoglobins that have 144 globin chains. (icr.org)

By learning how to use membrane proteins effectively, we can really advance cell-free systems. (scienceboard.net)
Conversely, maternal cytosine methylation is protected from hydroxylation by the PGC7/Dppa3/Stella protein and methylation pattern is effectively maintained. (i-sis.org.uk)

Researchers from the department "Cellular Biochemistry" of MPIB director F.-Ulrich Hartl have now revealed the unique non-folding properties of the universal protein actin. (mpg.de)
There are thousands of proteins in a microorganism," says Martin Dippe of the Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry in Halle (Saale). (biooekonomie.de)

In the current study, the researchers found that increasing vesicle concentration could be useful in making components for protein therapeutics such as conjugate vaccines, which work by attaching a sugar unit -- which is unique to a pathogen -- to a carrier protein. (scienceboard.net)
In the present study, researchers led by Professor Jonathan Heddle at RIKEN in Japan, with collaborators in Poland, found a way to solve both problems. (asianscientist.com)
The researchers noted that with their approach, proteins that were previously ignored because they had the 'wrong' shape can now be considered for drug delivery. (asianscientist.com)
The researchers solved the protein structure of TRiC to study its function and found that it has a special mode of action for actin folding. (mpg.de)

Anamnestic antihapten responses were obtained to trinitrophenyl (TNP) when rabbits sensitized to trinitrophenyl-hemocyanin (TNP-KLH) were challenged with TNP-heterologous protein conjugates. (caltech.edu)
Hapten-heterologous carrier conjugates elicited antihapten titers similar in magnitude to those elicited by the homologous carrier conjugate. (caltech.edu)

The work reported here involves a study of the possible role of free antigen and the nature of the complex. (caltech.edu)

The lack of effect of sex steroids on these genes expressed in the liver but the products of which are found in the yolk suggests that these may be passively incorporated into the yolk rather than actively produced for that purpose. (biomedcentral.com)
The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
In a study on vertebrate globins, Jay Storz and his colleagues wrote, "The retention of the proto- Hb and Mb genes in the ancestor of jawed vertebrates permitted a physiological division of labor between the oxygen-carrier function of Hb [hemoglobin] and the oxygen-storage function of Mb [myoglobin]. (icr.org)

H3K9me2 was found at several paternally methylated imprinted regions in sperm, suggesting that this histone mark signals special sites of the paternal genome where methylation is maintained. (i-sis.org.uk)
In mammals, most histone proteins are lost during sperm development, eventually to be replaced by protamines. (i-sis.org.uk)
Cytosine modifications directly affect the positioning of nucleosomes (the first level of chromatin organization into chromosome involving the DNA chain wound around a core of 8 histone proteins), and recruit chromatin-modifying complexes that modify histones. (i-sis.org.uk)

We later identified PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT)xalpha as a DJ-1-binding protein, and found that DJ-1 restored androgen receptor (AR) transcription activity that was repressed by PIASxalpha. (nih.gov)
Although the majority of VWA-containing proteins are extracellular, the most ancient ones present in all eukaryotes are all intracellular proteins involved in functions such as transcription, DNA repair, ribosomal and membrane transport and the proteasome. (embl.de)

Three hundred and sixteen distinct proteins have been identified in egg yolk. (biomedcentral.com)
Although heterogeneous in their origin, cancer-associated fibroblasts have common properties distinct from normal fibroblasts and show expression of proteins not found in their normal counterparts. (snmjournals.org)

After induction glycoconjugates generally appeared later than unglycosylated carrier protein, suggesting that glycosylation was the rate-limiting step for synthesis of conjugate vaccines in E. coli . (biomedcentral.com)
State-of-the art production technologies for conjugate vaccines are complex, multi-step processes (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

Proteins in the SLC family transport various compounds across the membranes surrounding the cell and its component parts. (medlineplus.gov)

Importantly, the CALR-sTFR1 complex remains functional for TpoR activation. (ox.ac.uk)
Modelling by template has a vast practical potential because if the structure of at least one protein from which functional family is known, then it is possible to try to build models for almost every protein in this family. (custom-essay.org)
The fact is that whenever hemoglobin is found in the living world, it's always fully functional and completely optimized to the needs of the specific creature in which it resides. (icr.org)

They were found to be enriched with non-methylene-interrupted fatty acids (mainly 7,17-22:2). (gerli.com)

Four protein complexes in the inner membrane make up the electron transport chain (ETC, also known as the electron transport system), which converts the redox energy stored as NADH and FADH 2 into chemical energy in the form of ATP. (biomedcentral.com)
Electrons travel through the cytochrome b6f complex to photosystem I via an electron transport chain within the thylakoid membrane. (goldenssport.com)
Type I photosystems use ferredoxin-like iron-sulfur cluster proteins as terminal electron acceptors, while type II photosystems ultimately shuttle electrons to a quinone terminal electron acceptor. (goldenssport.com)
After the electron has left Photosystem II it is transferred to a cytochrome b6f complex and then to plastocyanin, a blue copper protein and electron carrier. (goldenssport.com)

These results raise the question of the biological significance of egg yolk proteases and antiproteases, and more generally of all minor proteins that have been identified in egg yolk. (biomedcentral.com)
The biological activity of soluble antigen-antibody complexes: II. (caltech.edu)
The biological functions of Lactobacillus S-layer proteins (Slp:s) are not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)

Egg yolk constitutes a major source of proteins, minerals, vitamins and lipids for the developing embryo. (biomedcentral.com)

For a variety of organisms, close to 30% of the genome is used to encode membrane proteins," said co-author Neha Kamat, PhD, assistant professor of biomedical engineering at McCormick. (scienceboard.net)

These results suggest that Flcn-FnipL/Fnip2 and Flcn-Fnip1 complexes positively regulate S6K1 phosphorylation and that FnipL/Fnip2 provides an important clue to elucidating the function of Flcn and the pathogenesis of BHD. (nih.gov)

To further characterize the function of DJ-1, we cloned cDNA encoding a novel DJ-1-binding protein, DJBP, by a yeast two-hybrid system. (nih.gov)

VWF is a complex glycoprotein that works as a carrier for factor VIII. (medscape.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs121

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Phenomena and Processes70

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science7

Health Care2

Bacterial13

Molecules7

Plasma proteins2

Acyl carrier2

Substances4

Nucleic acids2

Molecular9

Biosynthesis1

Mitochondrial6

Molecule6

Interaction4

Bound6

Mediate2

Specificity1

Similar proteins1

Macromolecules1

Ribosomes3

Peptides1

Enzyme5

Metabolism2

Bacteria7

Eukaryotic1

Membrane protein4

Residues1

Bind3

Organism1

Gene7

Recombinant2

Fibroblast3

Binds4

Solute1

Chloroplast1

Polymerase Chain Re1

20191

Transferrin1

Water-soluble1

Viral5

Antibodies4

Subunits2

Contrast1

Abnormal1

Amino acids3

Cells7

Mutation2

Willebrand3

Interactions4

Purify3

Atoms2

Serum albumin1

Disulfide bridges1

Mutant4

Enzymes2

Antigens1

Formation1

Chains1

Effectively2

Biochemistry2

Researchers4

Conjugates2

Involves1

Genes3

Histone3

Transcription2

Distinct2

Conjugate vaccines2

Compounds1

Functional3

Fatty1

Electron4

Biological3

Lipids1

Genome1

Positively1

Yeast1

Glycoprotein1