Protein ligand receptors carrier proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

inverse agonist) blocking/antagonizing action (as with silent antagonists), the drug binds the receptor but does not activate it stabilizing action, the drug seems to act neither as a stimulant or as a depressant (ex. (wikipedia.org)
The trimeric SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) S glycoprotein consisting of three S1-S2 heterodimers binds the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and mediates fusion of the viral and cellular membranes through a pre- to post-fusion conformation transition. (biolegend.com)
EphA5, also known as Ehk1, Bsk, Cek7, Hek7, and Rek7 (1), is a member of the Eph receptor family which binds members of the ephrin ligand family. (rndsystems.com)
Apolipoprotein B binds to specific receptors on cell membranes and is involved in removal of LDL and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol from circulation. (thermofisher.com)
LDL binds to its receptor on the capillary walls and thereby mediates the uptake and clearance of cholesterol from the circulation. (thermofisher.com)
HaloTag® Technology consists of a protein tag that covalently binds a chloroalkane tag that can be chemically coupled to fluorophores or other molecules. (promegaconnections.com)
ERK is activated in a phosphorylation cascade when epidermal growth factor (EGF) binds the EGF receptor. (lumenlearning.com)
An inhibitor is a molecule that binds to a protein and prevents it from functioning or reduces its function. (lumenlearning.com)
In this case, the inhibitor is a protein called Iκ-B, which binds to the regulatory protein NF-κB. (lumenlearning.com)
Even though the CD4 co-receptor increases the sensitivity of T cell signalling manyfold, it binds to its ligand, peptide major histocompatibility complex II (pMHCII), with the lowest binding affinity known to this day. (lu.se)

Alignment of the amino acid sequence of aprotinin with the Kunitz domains of human proteins allowed the identification and design of a family of peptides, named Angiopeps. (aspetjournals.org)
Peptides derived from sequence of cell surface proteins, such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), LHRH, Bombesin, and LFA-1, have shown potent binding affinity to the target cell surface receptors. (biosyn.com)
Moreover, peptides derived from ICAM-1 receptor can be internalized by the leukemic T-cells along with the conjugated moiety offering the promise to selectively treat cancers and autoimmune diseases. (biosyn.com)
Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides,2 poly-Arg peptides), 3,4 proteins (e.g., antibodies,5 transport proteins, and transferrin6), and small molecules (e.g., folate7) have been used to selectively direct drugs to cancer cells with upregulated receptors by forming drug-carrier conjugates (Fig. 1). (biosyn.com)
He has both supervisory and hands-on experience with Module 3 dossier writing, compilation and review, and has had numerous successful interactions with FDA, EMA, and other ROW RHAs, that have resulted in helping to place nine commercial products (interferon, fusion-proteins, IO mAbs, and therapeutic peptides) on the market. (biologicsconsulting.com)

Colchicine, a drug for gout, interferes with the function of the structural protein tubulin, while digitalis, a drug still used in heart failure, inhibits the activity of the carrier molecule, Na-K-ATPase pump. (wikipedia.org)
While single chain Fv (scFv) offers multiple advantages over monoclonal antibodies as small molecule carriers to tumors. (alphalifetech.com)
Area B will provide information on the structure and function of the TSPO molecule in response to TSPO ligands and within its multimeric complex by biophysical methods in order to unravel further molecular mechanisms of TSPO signaling and to give further input for TSPO ligand drug development. (uni-regensburg.de)
Between 2010 and 2020, the proportion of PDB depositions solved by EM grew from 0.7% to 17%, with nearly 50% of reported cryo-EM structures in 2020 solved at resolutions of 3.5 Å or better [ 1 ], and of these, 72% were solved with a small-molecule ligand. (silverchair.com)
A synthetic, specially- designed oligonucleotide with the ability to recognize and bind a protein ligand molecule or molecules with high affinity and specificity. (genomicglossaries.com)
In this thesis, total internal fluorescence microscopy (TIRF) and single-molecule imaging were used to observe and characterize protein-functionalized supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) interacting with immune cells to obtain the binding kinetics of various protein-protein pairs. (lu.se)
For this reason, the influence of an adhesion molecule, rat CD2, on the obtained binding kinetics of the human CD4 co-receptor was initially examined showing that the accumulation of CD4 was influenced when having a high concentration of bound CD2 inside the cell-SLB contacts. (lu.se)

Compared with the previously published ligand, FAPI-02, FAPI-04 showed excellent stability in human serum, higher affinity for FAP as opposed to CD26, and slower excretion in vitro. (snmjournals.org)
Furthermore, the shape of the asymmetry with binding sites of differing affinity for acetylcholine, characteristic of other nicotinic receptors, may be a natural property of the relaxed, activatable state of α7. (elsevierpure.com)
Fc-fused antibodies can be simply and efficiently purified with protein A or protein G, accurately quantified, and captured in receptor-ligand affinity measurement. (alphalifetech.com)
All patients will undergo PET imaging with the high affinity TSPO ligand [18F]GE-180, FET-PET and MRI prior to the neurosurgical intervention. (uni-regensburg.de)
Oligonucleotide which displays specific binding to a protein or other target, often selected by an iterative cycle of affinity- based enrichment. (genomicglossaries.com)
Understanding how proteins interact entails studying the binding affinity (strength) and the lifetime (duration) of the protein-protein interaction to better decompose how an immune response is initiated and how we can explore this knowledge to treat diseases. (lu.se)
In the first part of this thesis, the interaction between the rat CD2 (rCD2) adhesion protein and its ligand rat CD48T92A (rCD48T92A), a high-affinity mutant of the wild type rat CD48, was used to establish a new method of obtaining single-cell binding affinities of T cells interacting with SLBs using imidazole titrations. (lu.se)
The results showed a relatively small spread in the rCD2-rCD48T92A binding affinity values despite the considerable spread of receptor densities within the cell population. (lu.se)

Structures of macromolecular drug targets, especially when bound to modulators, can reveal ligand-binding pockets and pinpoint protein-ligand interactions that influence the mechanism of action, potency, and specificity. (silverchair.com)

Using signal transduction pathways, receptors in the plasma membrane produce a variety of effects on the cell. (lumenlearning.com)
Adaptor protein TNFR2 interacts with CD40 and functions as a mediator of the signal transduction. (neuromics.com)

It means that Fc can increase the plasma half-life of Fc fusion proteins due to interaction with the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and their larger size. (alphalifetech.com)
In both cases, the long half-life is due to their molecular size above the renal clearance threshold and their interaction with a membrane-bound receptor named the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). (nature.com)
NK-cell and target cells interaction via the CD244 receptor is believed to modulate NK-cell cytolytic activity. (prospecbio.com)
The interaction of CD40 and its ligand is found to be essential for amyloid-beta-induced microglial activation, and therefore is considered to be an early event in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis. (neuromics.com)

They are responding to a plethora of ligands and are involved in the transmission of extracellular signals inside the cell. (nih.gov)
There are two classes of receptors, designated A and B. Both the A and B class receptors have an extracellular region consisting of a globular domain, a cysteine-rich domain, and two fibronectin type III domains. (rndsystems.com)
VWA domains in extracellular eukaryotic proteins mediate adhesion via metal ion-dependent adhesion sites (MIDAS). (embl.de)
Although the majority of VWA-containing proteins are extracellular, the most ancient ones present in all eukaryotes are all intracellular proteins involved in functions such as transcription, DNA repair, ribosomal and membrane transport and the proteasome. (embl.de)
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a very dense and highly organized tumor microenvironment (TME) consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), and immune cells. (mdpi.com)

some drugs possess receptor activity that allows them to stabilize general receptor activation, like buprenorphine in opioid dependent individuals or aripiprazole in schizophrenia, all depending on the dose and the recipient) exchanging/replacing substances or accumulating them to form a reserve (ex. (wikipedia.org)
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes. (reference.md)

While soluble monomeric ligands bind the receptor, they do not induce receptor autophosphorylation and activation (2). (rndsystems.com)
Proteins that do not bind the receptor are directed to lysosomal degradation. (nature.com)

Receptor activation triggers several processes such as signaling and receptor endocytosis. (nih.gov)
Inhibition of receptor-mediated endocytosis has been proposed as the mechanism of Fanconi syndrome in other disease states. (biomedcentral.com)
Megalin and cubilin are multiligand protein receptors expressed at the brush border membrane and involved in endocytosis in PTECs. (biomedcentral.com)
Endocytosis of GPI-linked membrane folate receptor-alpha. (rupress.org)

The widest class of drugs act as ligands that bind to receptors that determine cellular effects. (wikipedia.org)
The coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein is a class I viral fusion protein on the outer envelope of the virion that plays a critical role in viral infection by recognizing host cell receptors and mediating fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. (biolegend.com)
Albumin and IgG have remarkably long serum half-lives due to pH-dependent FcRn-mediated cellular recycling that rescues both ligands from intracellular degradation. (nature.com)
Thus, HERA is a novel cellular assay that can be used to predict how FcRn-binding proteins are rescued from intracellular degradation. (nature.com)
The enzyme MAP kinase then stimulates the expression of proteins that interact with other cellular components to initiate cell division. (lumenlearning.com)
Systematic analyses have revealed that physicochemical properties of the drug-peptide conjugates and their mechanism of receptor-mediated cellular internalization are important controlling factors for developing a successful targeting system. (biosyn.com)
Protein-protein interactions are crucial in numerous cellular functions and biological processes that take place inside our body. (lu.se)

TCAs have been shown to bind to and activate opioid receptors (ORs), leading to downstream signaling pathways involving TRPC4. (nih.gov)
These signaling pathways are controlled by signaling proteins, which are, in turn, expressed by genes. (lumenlearning.com)
Continuous protein pathways are composed of carrier proteins , channels and pumps . (wikibooks.org)

These proteins form heterodimeric receptor complexes that mediate class II cytokine signals. (rndsystems.com)
CD244 is a cell surface receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells (and some T cells) which mediate non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted killing. (prospecbio.com)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are, with approximately 800 members, among the most abundant membrane proteins in humans. (nih.gov)
Along their life cycle, GPCRs are accompanied by a range of specialized GPCR-interacting proteins (GIPs) to assist nascent receptors in proper folding, to target them to the appropriate subcellular compartments and to fulfill their signaling tasks. (nih.gov)
Structural analysis of integral membrane proteins, which comprise a large proportion of druggable targets and pose particular challenges for X-ray crystallography, by cryo-EM has enabled insights into important drug target families such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), ion channels, and solute carrier (SLCs) proteins. (silverchair.com)

Among the proposed mechanisms is the well-known pain-related inhibitory G-protein coupled receptor, namely the opioid receptor (OR). (nih.gov)

Interactions between the macromolecules within cells, including proteins, are ever changing-with complexes forming, breaking up, and reforming in new ways. (promegaconnections.com)
These interactions provide a temporal and special framework for the work of the cell, controlling gene expression, protein production, growth, cell division and cell death. (promegaconnections.com)
BRET (bioluminescence resonance energy transfer) has been applied to studies of protein interactions in cells for over 15 years. (promegaconnections.com)
Additionally the NanoBRET™ measurement remained relatively constant for nearly an hour, indicating that the NanoBRET™ system would be useful for characterizing protein:protein interactions (PPI) over time. (promegaconnections.com)
AT-hook transcription factor AKNA is accounted to coordinately regulate the expression of CD40 and its ligand, which is significant for homotypic cell interactions. (neuromics.com)

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is involved in a variety of tumor-promoting activities such as matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, chemotherapy resistance, and immunosuppression. (snmjournals.org)
Although heterogeneous in their origin, cancer-associated fibroblasts have common properties distinct from normal fibroblasts and show expression of proteins not found in their normal counterparts. (snmjournals.org)

The authors created all eight possible configurations, (donor and exceptor fused to the N and the C termini of the interacting proteins) for both the NanoBRET and the BRET1 experimental systems because energy transfer between donor and acceptor can be affected by the geometry of the molecules. (promegaconnections.com)
To solve this problem, the cell membrane contains proteins that are selective for unique, water soluble molecules. (wikibooks.org)

Steroid receptor RNA activator 1 (SRA1) occurs as both an RNA transcript and as constantly expressed proteins. (prospecbio.com)
Recently the osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), better termed RANKL (receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand), expressed by osteoblasts has been cloned as well as its cognate signaling receptor, receptor activator of NFkappaB (RANK), and a secreted decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG) that limits RANKL's biological action. (ox.ac.uk)

The 678 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 76 kD. (biolegend.com)
Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (rndsystems.com)
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (rndsystems.com)

The S1 subunit contains a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that can specifically bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor on target cells. (biolegend.com)
These differences could be in the expressed surface receptors (i.e., the absence or presence of certain receptors), the metabolism profiles (i.e., different enzyme expression or intracellular trafficking), the site/location of the cells (i.e., circulating in blood stream vs. organ), and the nature of the cells (i.e., normal vs. cancerous). (biosyn.com)
An endogenous substance or a drug that can interact with a receptor and initiate a physiological or a pharmacological response characteristic of that receptor (contraction, relaxation, secretion, enzyme activation, etc. (genomicglossaries.com)

PRIP Interacting protein with Methyl Transferase domain (PIMT/TGS1) is an integral upstream coactivator in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARÎ³) transcriptional apparatus. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, SRA1 mediates transcriptional coactivation of steroid receptors ligand-dependently via the steroid-binding domain (AF-2). (prospecbio.com)
In the developing male (XY) gonad, sex-determining region of the Y (SRY) protein acts to up-regulate expression of the related gene, SOX9 , a transcriptional regulator that in turn initiates a downstream pathway of testis development, whilst also suppressing ovary development. (plos.org)

In HERA, rescue from degradation depends on FcRn, and engineered ligands are recycled in a manner that correlates with their half-lives in human FcRn transgenic mice. (nature.com)

There are 7 main drug actions: stimulating action through direct receptor agonism and downstream effects depressing action through direct receptor agonism and downstream effects (ex. (wikipedia.org)

One of these proteins is the fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a type II transmembrane serine protease with both dipeptidyl peptidase activity and endopeptidase activity ( 2 - 4 ). (snmjournals.org)
It is a type II transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF superfamily. (genscript.com)

Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits. (abcam.com)
We offer a wide range of unique services, including production of Fc-fused antibodies/proteins, expression of full-length chimeric antibody and large-scale production of single domain antibodies (sdAb). (alphalifetech.com)

For example, tumor cells have certain upregulated receptors, enzymes, and other metabolic features that are not present in normal cells in the body. (biosyn.com)

ABA is a stress hormone perceived by the soluble receptor PYR1 (encoded by Pyrabactin resistance 1 ) and its related PYR1- like and R egulatory C omponent of ABA R ecepto r proteins ( PYL/RCAR , PYLs for simplicity) 18 . (nature.com)

Activation of kinase activity occurs after ligand recognition and binding. (rndsystems.com)
An example of a protein that regulates translation in the nucleus is the MAP kinase ERK. (lumenlearning.com)
Upon phosphorylation, ERK enters the nucleus and activates a protein kinase that, in turn, regulates protein translation (Figure 1). (lumenlearning.com)
Cyclic AMP activates PKA (protein kinase A), which in turn phosphorylates two enzymes. (lumenlearning.com)
Activation of RTKs initiates a signaling pathway that includes a G-protein called RAS, which activates the MAP kinase pathway described earlier. (lumenlearning.com)
Receptors can be subdivided into four main classes: ligand-gated ion channels(LGIC), tyrosine kinase-coupled(TRK), intracellular steroid, G-protein-coupled (GPCR). (cloudfront.net)
Here we report a role for the phylogenetically ancient mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway in mouse sex determination. (plos.org)
The byg mutation is an A to T transversion causing a premature stop codon in the gene encoding MAP3K4 (also known as MEKK4), a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase. (plos.org)
This mutant, which we called boygirl ( byg ), was shown to contain an early stop codon that disrupts the autosomal gene encoding MAP3K4, a component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. (plos.org)

Therefore, the planned research group aims to characterize the role of TSPO as a diagnostic and therapeutic target from structural biology over neurology to psychiatry and to delineate the potential of TSPO ligands as a novel therapeutic approach within the nervous system. (uni-regensburg.de)

Most growth factors bind to cell-surface receptors that are linked to tyrosine kinases. (lumenlearning.com)
These cell-surface receptors are called receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). (lumenlearning.com)

Subunits of the different receptor complexes are shared and serve multiple functions (1). (rndsystems.com)

Ligands preferentially associate with IFN‑ alpha / beta R2, and this complex subsequently forms a stable ternary assembly with IFN‑ alpha / beta R1 (5‑7). (rndsystems.com)

Only membrane-bound or Fc-clustered ligands are capable of activating the receptor in vitro . (rndsystems.com)

In vivo , the ligands and receptors display reciprocal expression (3). (rndsystems.com)
Moreover, the neuroregenerative potential of TSPO ligands will be investigated thereby providing information on the consequences of structure-activity relationship of TSPO ligands in vivo. (uni-regensburg.de)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-binding protein (PBP), also known as thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 220/vitamin D receptor-interacting protein 205/mediator 1, an anchor for multisubunit mediator transcription complex, functions as a transcription coactivator for nuclear receptors. (wustl.edu)

Different transporters and receptors present at the BBB have been described as playing roles in maintaining the integrity of the BBB and brain homeostasis. (aspetjournals.org)

This system is unique because of the relative ease with which ligand recognition can be reprogrammed. (nature.com)
In the auxin and jasmonic acid systems, ligand recognition is shared between protein-binding partners. (nature.com)
VAT recruitment and activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) through toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognition of self-DNA, leading to induction of type I interferons, are crucial innate triggers for this VAT inflammation. (bvsalud.org)

Interferon‑alpha/beta receptor 1 (IFN‑ alpha / beta R1), also known as IFNAR1, is a 100‑130 kDa member of the class II cytokine receptor family of proteins. (rndsystems.com)

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the carrier protein for cholesterol in the blood. (thermofisher.com)

The first described CID systems involve microbe-derived dimerizing ligands, such as rapamycin, that direct protein neo-associations that rewire eukaryotic cell signaling 5 . (nature.com)
Binding of TWEAK to its receptor TWEAKR induces NF-κB activation, chemokine secretion and apoptosis in certain cell types. (genscript.com)
Fanconi syndrome, the result of proximal tubule epithelial cell (PTEC) injury leading to proximal RTA (type II RTA), hypophosphatemia, hypouricemia, aminoaciduria, glycosuria and urine loss of low molecular weight proteins, is a rare manifestation of pSS. (biomedcentral.com)
Bioremediation functions basically on biodegradation, which involves the complete mineralization of organic contaminants into carbon dioxide, water, inorganic compounds, and cell protein [ 9 ]. (eeer.org)
Cluster of Differentiation 244 (CD244/Natural Killer Cell Receptor 2B4) contains 2 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domains. (prospecbio.com)
Inside the cell, ligands bind to their internal receptors, allowing them to directly affect the cell's DNA and protein-producing machinery. (lumenlearning.com)
The activation of β-adrenergic receptors in muscle cells by adrenaline leads to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) inside the cell. (lumenlearning.com)
The ligands that promote cell growth are called growth factors . (lumenlearning.com)

After the introduction of agents that target the calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway, another new drug class, the ditans - a group of selective serotonin 5-HT1F receptor agonists - has just reached the international market. (ucc.ie)

Upon drug binding, receptors can elicit their normal action (agonist), blocked action (antagonist), or even action opposite to normal (inverse agonist). (wikipedia.org)
Next, we explored the binding site of TCA by modeling the previously revealed ligand-bound structure of μOR. (nih.gov)
A homology model of the ligand binding domain of the α7 nicotinic receptor is constructed based on the acetylcholine-binding protein crystal structure. (elsevierpure.com)
The hypothesis that the acetylcholine-binding protein template is in the activated or desensitized state, and the absence of a bound agonist in the simulation suggests that the structure may also be relaxing from this state to the activatable state. (elsevierpure.com)
Candidate motions that take place involve not only the side chains of residues lining the binding sites, but also the subunit positions that determine the overall shape of the receptor. (elsevierpure.com)
Although the short simulation timescale is unlikely to sample adequately all the conformational states, the pattern of observed motions suggests how ligand binding may correlate with larger-scale subunit motions that would connect with the transmembrane region that controls the passage of ions. (elsevierpure.com)
Fatty acid-binding proteins are low molecular weight (100-130 aa) chaperones for long chain fatty acids, fatty acyl CoA esters, eicosanoids, retinols, retinoic acids and related metabolites and are usually regarded as being responsible for allowing the otherwise hydrophobic ligands to be mobile in aqueous media. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
Although sequence homology is limited, crystallographic studies suggest conserved 3D structures across the group of binding proteins. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
Lastly, CD4 binding studies showed that the co-receptor did not noticeably affect the TCR-MHC II binding at physiological levels of hCD4 in the SLB. (lu.se)
Sequence alignments indicated conservation of the ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 receptor binding sites, the glycosylation site on the G attachment protein, as well as the editing site in phosphoprotein, suggesting production of nonstructural proteins V and W, known to counteract the host innate immunity. (cdc.gov)
This assay used vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) obtained from rat serum as the binding agent and exploited the capacity of vitamin D in test samples to displace bound [ 3 H]25(OH)D 3 from DBP. (medscape.com)

The genes that regulate the signaling proteins are one type of oncogene, which is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. (lumenlearning.com)
The Y-linked sex determining gene SRY regulates this process by initiating a pathway of gene and protein expression, including the expression of critical autosomal genes such as SOX9 . (plos.org)

This range of highly purified proteins currently covers all relevant human and murine proteins . (antibodies-online.com)

When recombinant SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Spike Protein S1 is immobilized at 2 μg/mL, recombinant human ACE2-Fc Chimera (Cat. (biolegend.com)
Apolipoprotein B (apo B) in human plasma is a major protein of low density lipoproteins (LDL) with a molecular mass of approximately 260-500 kDa. (thermofisher.com)
Furthermore, both the mouse and human receptors bind more strongly to mouse serum albumin (MSA) than to HSA. (nature.com)
Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)

Our new modules enable ligand-programmable multi-channel CID systems for plant and eukaryotic synthetic biology that can empower new plant-based and microbe-based sensing modalities. (nature.com)
Phyletic distributions of eukaryotic signalling domains were studied using recently developed sensitive methods for protein sequence analysis, with an emphasis on the detection and accurate enumeration of homologues in bacteria and archaea. (embl.de)

In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere. (rndsystems.com)

Here, we describe the mechanism and significance of TGS1/PIMT (PRIP-Interacting protein with Methyl Transferase domain) in regulating macrophage activation and polarization and its impact on the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. (bvsalud.org)
It was hypothesized that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can contribute to TLR9 activation in VAT-recruited pDCs in obesity, and this study aimed to identify the carrier protein for ligand access to TLR9 and to explore whether this also provides for a source of autoantigens in this context. (bvsalud.org)

The S glycoprotein is synthesized as a precursor protein consisting of ~1,300 amino acids that is then cleaved into an amino (N)-terminal S1 subunit (~700 amino acids) and a carboxyl (C)-terminal S2 subunit (~600 amino acids). (biolegend.com)
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Spike Protein S1, amino acid Val16-Arg685 (Accession # QHD43416.1), with (HV69-70del, Y144del, N501Y, A570D, P681H) and a C-terminal 8-His tag was expressed in CHO cells. (biolegend.com)
X, any amino acid) motifs in PBP in a ligand-dependent manner. (wustl.edu)

Others regulate the translation of proteins from mRNA. (lumenlearning.com)
A reduction in CAR mRNA and protein level observed in PBP Liv-/- mouse liver suggests that PBP may regulate hepatic CAR expression. (wustl.edu)

created a HaloTag-NanoLuc fusion protein (Nluc-HT) and tested 57 chloroalkane flurophore conjugates. (promegaconnections.com)

Previously undetected bacterial homologues were identified for# plant pathogenesis-related proteins, Pad1, von Willebrand factor type A, src homology 3 and YWTD repeat-containing domains. (embl.de)

There are four principal protein targets with which drugs can interact: Enzymes - (e.g. neostigmine and acetyl cholinesterase) Inhibitors Inducers Activators Membrane carriers - [Reuptake vs Efflux] (e.g. tricyclic antidepressants and catecholamine uptake-1) Enhancer (RE) Inhibitor (RI) Releaser (RA) Ion channels - (e.g. nimodipine and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels) Blocker Opener Receptor - (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
GPI-linked membrane folate receptors (MFRs) have been implicated in the receptor-mediated uptake of reduced folate cofactors and folate-based chemotherapeutic drugs. (rupress.org)

Anatomy8

Organisms18

Chemicals and Drugs138

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science5

Health Care3

Binds10

Peptides5

Molecule7

Affinity8

Specificity1

Signal Transduction2

Interaction4

Extracellular5

Substances2

Bind the receptor2

Endocytosis4

Cellular7

Pathways3

Mediate2

GPCRs3

Opioid1

Interactions5

Cancer-associated fibroblasts2

Molecules2

Activator2

Recombinant protein3

Enzyme3

Transcriptional3

FcRn1

Downstream1

Type II transmembrane2

Antibodies2

Tumor cells1

Soluble1

Kinase9

Structural1

Tyrosine2

Complexes1

Preferentially1

Membrane-bound1

Vivo2

Peroxisome1

Transporters1

Recognition3

Interferon1

Lipoprotein1

Cell8

Peptide1

Binding11

Gene2

Murine1

Human4

Eukaryotic2

Presence1

Activation2

Amino3

Regulate2

Conjugates1

Homology1

Uptake2