• The Nanos proteins family regroups highly conserved RNA-binding proteins in higher eukaryotes implicated in germ cell development and maintenance. (nature.com)
  • Taken together, these data identify Nanos as primordial genes with highly conserved functions for both, the migration of the germinal cells and their maintenance in adults. (nature.com)
  • LIN28 (LIN28A and LIN28B) proteins are highly conserved small cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that function as pluripotency factors, regulating the transition from self-renewal to a differentiated cell fate [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Degenerate oligonucleotide primer sets derived from the highly conserved carboxyl-terminal region of the BMP family were designed and used in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions with poly(A) + RNA from articular cartilage as template to determine which BMPs are produced by chondrocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The RNA-binding protein RBM24 displays highly conserved expression pattern in vertebrate embryos. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • RNA binding proteins (RBPs) regulate the diverse steps in RNA processing, including alternative splicing, which generates fiber-type specific isoforms of structural proteins that confer contractile sarcomeres with distinct biomechanical properties. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Non-coding RNAs can regulate gene expression by affecting the localization and function of epigenetic modifier proteins, including histone deacetylases. (mchughlab.com)
  • An improved understanding of RNA-protein interactions can enable the development of treatments to regulate cancer progression, correct developmental disorders, and slow the aging process. (mchughlab.com)
  • They can bind to the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in order to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally with no sequence specificity but by potential electrostatic interactions with the phosphate backbone of RNA 2 , 3 . (nature.com)
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins are a family of protein complex that regulate gene expression, especially repressing gene transcription [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Alternative splicing of gene can generate multiple transcripts and proteins to regulate tissue and organ development [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In order to understand how different cell types influence one another's gene expression, it will be necessary to monitor the mRNA profiles of each cell type independently and to dissect the mechanisms that regulate their gene expression outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell-type-specific interacting proteins collaborate to regulate the timing of Cyclin B protein expression in male meiotic prophase. (stanford.edu)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by RNA interference mechanism. (bvsalud.org)
  • The CmNAC1-GFP fusion protein was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves for subcellular localization analysis, and we found that CmNAC1 is localized in the nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
  • D) Subcellular localization of promOsMATL2:OsMATL2-GFP in root cells. (techcodex.com)
  • In addition, it displays dynamic subcellular localization during cellular differentiation. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Furthermore, we found that RBM24 displays dynamic subcellular localization and post-transcriptional functions during muscle differentiation and regeneration. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • The subcellular localization of EZH2 protein was predicted by using different predictors (CELLO, Euk-mPLoc, WoLF PSORT, and TargetP). (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, 15 turbot MAPKs (SmMAPKs) were identified throughout the whole genome, and their basic chemical and physical properties and subcellular localization were illustrated. (figshare.com)
  • Click on any transcript to open the specific mRNA page, to see the exact cDNA clone support and eventual SNPs and to get details on tissues, sequences, mRNA and protein annotations. (nih.gov)
  • Localization of 9E3/CEF-4 in avian tissues: expression is absent in Rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors but is stimulated by injury. (silverchair.com)
  • The abundant expression of 9E3 in normal tissues indicates that the product of this gene plays a normal physiological role in tissues growing by cell division, perhaps as a growth regulator. (silverchair.com)
  • Finally, expression in conjunction with high collagen levels and in wounded tissues may point to a role in wound response and/or repair, possibly via alteration of extracellular matrix. (silverchair.com)
  • Hence, this study was conducted to examine the changes in PAL activity and gene expression patterns in relation to texture in the edible branchlet tissues during early postharvest handling. (scialert.net)
  • Hence, it means that human testis could also play a crucial role in human speciation if these two tissues exhibit similar gene expression patterns. (karger.com)
  • Determining the large scale anatomy of gene expression patterns of various human tissues could draw a more convincing conclusion, and better our understanding of the correlation/inter-correlation among different tissues. (karger.com)
  • Among the 17 tissues, the highest similarity in gene expression patterns was between human brain and testis, based on DDD and clustering analysis. (karger.com)
  • Bortoluzzi S, Alessi FD, Romualdi C, Danieli GA: Differential expression of genes coding for ribosomal proteins in different human tissues. (karger.com)
  • Northern analyses showed that both genes are predominantly expressed in cartilaginous tissues. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This was possible by comparing expression patterns in stromal cells surrounding the tumors with cells of similar tissues to identify unique patterns. (biochain.com)
  • Deficiency in its expression level could be the cause of congenital disorders, such as cardiomyopathy, myopathy or blindness, which affect the normal function of related tissues where crucial roles of this gene have been demonstrated in different animal models. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Here, we identified the coding sequence of the EZH2 gene and characterized its expression pattern in fetal tissues of Duroc pigs at 65- and 90-day postcoitus (dpc). (hindawi.com)
  • EZH2 was ubiquitously expressed in the fetal tissues of two time points with different expression levels. (hindawi.com)
  • These results validated a different transcript in pigs and characterized its expression profile in fetal tissues of different gestation stages, which indicated that EZH2 played important roles during porcine embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
  • Tumors and complex tissues consist of mixtures of communicating cells that differ significantly in their gene expression status. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNA-binding proteins can be used as reporters to elucidate components of operational mRNA networks and operons involved in regulating cell-type specific gene expression in tissues and tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • APA naturally occurs during development and cellular differentiation, with around 70% of human genes displaying APA in particular tissues and cell types. (stanford.edu)
  • Expression patterns of MAPKs in distinct tissues and under diverse abiotic and biotic stresses were examined using the published available RNA-seq data sets. (figshare.com)
  • We found RCC tissues displayed significantly higher miR-34a expression level than their corresponding noncancerous tissues, particularly in chromophobic subtype. (hindawi.com)
  • MIR-34A has its own transcript and is expressed at higher levels than MIR-34B/C in most tissues, and this expression could be dysregulated in multiple diseases, especially in cancers [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Mechanochemical Principles of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Cells and Tissues. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Based on the consistent expression patterns associated with patient survival outcomes and in tumors vs. normal lung tissues, 10 miRNAs were considered to be putatively tumor suppressive and 4 miRNAs were deemed as oncogenic in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • AceView: gene:dpy-21, a comprehensive annotation of human, mouse and worm genes with mRNAs or ESTsAceView. (nih.gov)
  • The 3 spliced mRNAs putatively encode good proteins , altogether 3 different isoforms (1 complete, 2 partial ), some containing a coiled coil stretch [Psort2] . (nih.gov)
  • This diagram shows in true scale the gene on the genome, the mRNAs and the cDNA clones. (nih.gov)
  • Here we demonstrate that RNA-binding proteins can be used to isolate mRNA populations representing total cell mRNA from specific types of cells, as well as discrete mRNA subpopulations that represent post-transcriptionally regulated subsets of mRNAs that encode functionally related proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, we identified subpopulations of mRNAs that are associated with ELAV/Hu RNA-binding proteins that are expressed in specific cell types [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, because many different mRNA-binding proteins in specific cell types are known to interact with unique subpopulations of mRNAs encoding functionally related proteins [ 9 - 15 ] they can be informative of the dynamic effects of cells on one another. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we define a model system for using poly (A) binding protein (PABP) to recover mRNAs from specific cell-types in mixed cell cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Circulating RNAs are represented by a broad range of subtypes, such as microRNA (miRNAs), long non coding RNA (lncRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs), snoRNA (small nucleolar RNAs), piwiRNAs (piRNA) and circRNAs (circular RNAs). (scientificarchives.com)
  • Circulating RNAs are represented by, such as for intercellular RNAs, a broad range of subtypes, mainly represented by microRNA (miRNAs), long non coding RNA (lncRNAs) and messanger RNAs (mRNAs). (scientificarchives.com)
  • Alternative processing of nascent mRNAs is widespread in eukaryotic organisms and greatly impacts the output of gene expression. (stanford.edu)
  • In addition, changes in APA mark a variety of pathological states, including many types of cancer, in which mRNAs are preferentially cleaved at more proximal PASs, causing expression of mRNA isoforms with short 3'UTRs. (stanford.edu)
  • They play major roles in the tissue- and stage-specific expression of protein isoforms as well as in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In addition, spermatocyte-specific isoforms of Syncrip (Syp) are required for expression of CycB protein in mature spermatocytes and normal entry into the meiotic divisions. (stanford.edu)
  • We identified >500 Drosophila genes that express mRNA isoforms with a long 3' UTR in proliferating spermatogonia but a short 3' UTR in differentiating spermatocytes due to APA. (stanford.edu)
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), due to their multifunction in various biological processes, have been indicated to play a crucial role in CSC renewal and stemness maintenance. (nature.com)
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely recognized as important regulators of gene expression. (mdpi.com)
  • Purpose: GG-H whole transcriptome array analysis suggested involvement of PININ (PNN) in the alternative splicing of multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). (molvis.org)
  • Methods: Total RNA was isolated from PNN knockdown human corneal epithelial (HCET) cells or Pnn-deficient mouse corneas, and subjected to real-time-PCR (RT-PCR) assays, and the alternatively spliced lncRNAs were counted. (molvis.org)
  • Alternatively spliced lncRNAs were detected with in situ hybridization with variant-specific RNA probes on human cornea sections. (molvis.org)
  • Conclusions: The data suggest PNN's role in the alternative splicing of a specific subset of lncRNAs might have a significant impact on the corneal epithelium. (molvis.org)
  • This vector is then used to insert the gene into the host genome, creating a transgenic or edited organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Early techniques randomly inserted the genes into the genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1970 Hamilton Smiths lab discovered restriction enzymes, enabling scientists to isolate genes from an organism's genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • The two successive nanos gene duplications may result from the second and third whole genome duplication events at the basis of Vertebrates and Teleosts respectively. (nature.com)
  • In teleostean fish, two nanos1 genes were generated, probably during the Teleost specific whole genome duplication (3R). (nature.com)
  • Once delivered into the host cell, the incoming positive-strand viral RNA genome is first translated by host ribosomes into two overlapping polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab. (elifesciences.org)
  • Studies of human genome demonstrate that protein-coding genes only occupy less than 2% of the entire genome [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • In addition, OR expression pattern in various cancers were analyzed based on RNA-sequencing data reported in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the associations between patient survival outcomes and OR levels were analyzed to determine the clinical relevance and significances of OR expression in tumors. (bmbreports.org)
  • See the in situ hybridization pattern in Kohara NextDB . (nih.gov)
  • We studied by in situ hybridization and RNA blots the pattern of 9E3 mRNA distribution in the wings of normal, wounded, and RSV-infected newly hatched chicks. (silverchair.com)
  • In situ hybridization and immunostaining of sections from human embryos showed that CDMP-1 was predominantly found at the stage of precartilaginous mesenchymal condensation and throughout the cartilaginous cores of the developing long bones, whereas CDMP-2 expression was restricted to the hypertrophic chondrocytes of ossifying long bone centers. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Prolonged expression of Lin28B delays prosensory cell cycle exit and prevents hair cell differentiation, suggesting that it functions to increase hair cell production [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The cartilage-specific localization pattern of these novel TGF-β superfamily members, which contrasts with the more ubiquitous presence of other BMP family members, suggests a potential role for these proteins in chondrocyte differentiation and growth of long bones. (elsevierpure.com)
  • S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
  • We focus our research on the post-transcriptional regulation of embryonic myogenesis and adult muscle differentiation by RNA-binding proteins.We use zebrafish as a model, which is most suitable for in vivo and in vitro analyses using cell and molecular biology, genetics, and living imaging approaches. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Thus, our objective is to understand how RBM24 regulates protein homeostasis during muscle cell differentiation and regeneration. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • In particular, we focus our research on the role of RNA-binding proteins in the post-transcriptional regulation of muscle differentiation and regeneration. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Furthermore, the decreased expression of the EZH2 gene is crucial for stem cell differentiation into specific cell lineages involved in myogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, neurogenesis, and haematopoiesis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In this review, we summarize current understanding of how APA is regulated during development and cellular differentiation and how the resulting change in 3'UTR content affects multiple aspects of gene expression. (stanford.edu)
  • and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
  • An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
  • the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
  • More importantly, circRNAs serve as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and crucial regulators of gene expression. (ijbs.com)
  • In endometrial cancer only some of these cf-RNAs have been investigated, no studies have been performed on snoRNAs, piRNAs, snRNAs and tRNA, the most analyzed one is represented by cf-miRNA in plasma. (scientificarchives.com)
  • These findings open an immediate use of selected cf-miRNA as biomarker in liquid biopsy of EC and suggest further investigation of the other cf-RNAs to implement the knowledge in this fascinating field. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Even though the role of circulating non coding RNAs as miRNA and lncRNA can be easily understood taking into consideration that can be secreted and persist in biofluid in remarkably stable forms, as "free" or associated to exosomes, less is known concerning the role of circulating mRNA, mainly taking into consideration its instability and the presence of RNase, nevertheless its presence is detected in blood. (scientificarchives.com)
  • The quality and quantity changes of circulating RNAs, mainly miRNA, are broadly investigated and associated with the initiation and progression of cancer [ 5 ]. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Over the past few years, emerging numerous bioinformatic tools have been developed to identify candidate disease-causing genes [ 4 ], including microRNA (miRNA) genes. (hindawi.com)
  • MicroRNA-34a gene (MIR-34A) that is located on chromosome 1p36 belongs to one of evolutionary-conserved miRNA families (MIR-34 family) that consists of three members: MIR-34A, MIR-34B, and MIR-34C [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In plants, miRNA genes (MIRs) which are grouped into conserved families, i.e. they are present among the different plant taxa, are involved in the regulation of many developmental and physiological processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on our identified miRNA-regulated molecular machinery, an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt BX-912, an anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin, and a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin were discovered as potential repositioning drugs for treating lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Wang M, Yu F, Wu W, Zhang Y, Chang W, Ponnusamy M, Wang K, Li P. Circular RNAs: A novel type of non-coding RNA and their potential implications in antiviral immunity. (ijbs.com)
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells during post-transcriptional processes. (ijbs.com)
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel member of the lncRNA kingdom, are generated by non-sequential backsplicing of exons, introns or a combination of both [ 7 - 9 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
  • When a microRNA is present in the cell, it binds to the target sites and downregulates GFP expression, while in cells that do not express the microRNA GFP, it is expressed. (lu.se)
  • (12 ). However, the versatility of the system allows the use of any microRNA of choice, including neuron-specific microRNAs ( 14 ). (lu.se)
  • Therapeutics targeting cancer cell growth and development have mainly focused on protein transcription factors and protein-mediated signaling pathways. (mchughlab.com)
  • As a largest plant-specific transcription factor family, NAC domain proteins play an important role in plant development and regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
  • Genes contributing to the similarity include ribosomal protein (RP) genes as well as genes involved in transcription, translation and cell division. (karger.com)
  • Floral inducers including FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), FD, SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and LFEAY (LFY) activate the transcription of the majority of genes floral genes, promoting Arabidopsis bolting and flowering ( Johansson and Staiger, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, it has been proven that more than 62% of genomic DNA serves as a template for transcription, which indicates that there are abundant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in human transcriptome [ 2 , 3 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • SncRNAs are less than 200 nt in length, consisting of microRNAs (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), endogenous small interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs or esiRNAs) and transcription initiation RNAs (tiRNAs) [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • To identify a nuclear marker pathognomonic of astrocytic phenotype, we assessed differential RNA expression by FACS-purified adult astrocytes and, on that basis, evaluated the expression of the transcription factor SOX9 in both mouse and human brain. (jneurosci.org)
  • It may have the ability to interact with other HLH-proteins and function as a transcription factor or as a positive transcriptional regulator under the control of Retinoblastoma protein. (nih.gov)
  • In a PCR array analysis of 84 transcription factors, either overexpressing DEFB1 or siRNA silencing of DEFB1 expression significantly modulated the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). (cdc.gov)
  • The American Darwin-in-the-schools lobby, for example, has no similar interest in horizontal gene transfer, hybridization, epigenetics, or other ways evolution can happen . (uncommondescent.com)
  • This class of noncoding RNAs is small, single stranded, and 19-25 nucleotide long that act as negative regulators involved in posttranscriptional silencing of the gene expression [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) protein defects occur in several pathways involved in the biologic function of muscle and can be divided into groups based on cellular localization. (medscape.com)
  • The proper regulation of RNA processing is critical for muscle development and the fine-tuning of contractile ability among muscle fiber-types. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In humans, non-coding RNA transcripts are involved in many critical events in the life cycle of a cell, from gene expression regulation to protein synthesis by the ribosome. (mchughlab.com)
  • Epigenetic regulation of chromatin state (transcriptionally active euchromatin versus inactive heterochromatin) controls gene expression patterns in humans. (mchughlab.com)
  • Transcriptional derepression and post-translational regulation of gene expression play important roles in tumorigenesis, but their implication in early development remains elusive. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • We propose that these represent genes whose regulation is important for tumor growth and maintenance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While we and other labs have demonstrated the isolation of mRNA subsets that are potentially co-regulated using RNA binding proteins as reporters of gene expression, methods have not been described that provide information about coordinated posttranscriptional regulation within specific types of cells during tumorigenesis and development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During meiosis, germ cell and stage-specific components impose additional layers of regulation on the core cell cycle machinery to set up an extended G2 period termed meiotic prophase. (stanford.edu)
  • Considering the spatial proximity of cells within a tissue sample alongside differential expression analysis offers a more comprehensive picture of disease development, key driver mutations, and possible therapeutic targets. (biochain.com)
  • 5) qPCR for confirmation of differential gene expression. (biochain.com)
  • RNA sequencing followed by differential expression analysis was used to identify genes with high expression in DGASTs vs. other GI tumors. (biochain.com)
  • Once target genes were identified, IHC, qPCR and DSP were performed to explore differential expression in BG vs. DGAST tumors. (biochain.com)
  • Interestingly, a mouse ortholog of HAS2-AS1, Has2as, clearly exhibited a differential splicing pattern among three major splice variants in the Pnn-deficient mouse cornea. (molvis.org)
  • For more complex objectives entire biosynthetic pathways involving multiple genes may be involved. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 The study aim was to identify potential gene drivers and unique signaling pathways of DGASTs. (biochain.com)
  • This review describes current knowledge about the expression of distinct ORs in cancers, as well as the canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways induced by these ORs. (bmbreports.org)
  • The non-specific lethal complex regulates genes and pathways genetically linked to Parkinson's disease. (medscape.com)
  • The physiological properties of most organisms, from cyanobacteria to human, display a circadian (Latin circa dies , or 'about a day') pattern of activity, which is regulated by an endogenous circadian clock. (bioone.org)
  • We find that RBPs exhibit dynamic temporal and fiber-type specific expression patterns in mRNA-Seq data and display muscle-specific phenotypes. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) control RNA metabolism at multiple levels, and are critical for maintaining the homeostasis of protein synthesis during early development and in adult life. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Due to their importance in the temporal and spatial control of gene expression, a growing number of human diseases are associated with RNAs and RBPs. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • At the expression level, a higher rate of nonvariable, nonconserved miRNAs was detectable in Col-0 leaves, inflorescence, and siliques compared to nonconserved variable miRNAs, although the expression of both groups was much lower than that of the conserved MIRs. (bvsalud.org)
  • DEFB1 expression after transfection with two micro RNAs (miRNAs), hsa-miR-186-5p and hsa-miR-340-5p, provided evidence that DEFB1 expression could be modulated by these miRNAs and hsa-miR-186-5p had a higher binding efficiency with DEFB1. (cdc.gov)
  • From the list of genes that were targeted by the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, DGKE and WDR47 had significant associations with responses to both systemic therapies and radiotherapy in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Experimentally confirmed target genes were identified for the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, from which proliferation genes were selected from CRISPR-Cas9/RNA interference (RNAi) screening assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Through structural studies and mutational analyses, we aim to understand how long non-coding RNAs can localize and organize proteins in the cell in time and space. (mchughlab.com)
  • Based on phylogenetic and synteny analyses, this study reveals that nanos1 gene has undergone multiple duplications and gene copies losses in Vertebrates. (nature.com)
  • Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing technologies and microarray techniques enable scientists to conduct comprehensive analyses on the abundance, composition, expression profile and molecular function of circRNAs [ 16 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • These analyses of the relationships between patient survival and expression patterns obtained from an open mRNA database in cancer patients indicate that ORs may be cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. (bmbreports.org)
  • For animals, the gene is typically inserted into embryonic stem cells, while in plants it can be inserted into any tissue that can be cultured into a fully developed plant. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results imply that, in addition to PAL, other lignin-specific enzymes and/or tissue structural changes may have more significant roles in tissue toughening of broccoli branchlets. (scialert.net)
  • One particular gene of interest ( NKX6.3 ) was found by IHC and qPCR to be expressed in DGAST cells but not in normal tissue - suggesting it plays a role in tumorigenesis or precursor events in the tissue prior to tumor formation. (biochain.com)
  • Expression of Annexin A2 and S100A10 was evaluated in EOC tissue samples (n=303) by immunohistochemistry. (cancerindex.org)
  • The tissue-specific expression of AQPs suggests an important role in the development and function of the respective organs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Notably, circRNAs display cell-type, tissue-type and developmental-stage specific expression patterns in eukaryotic transcriptome, which reveals their significant regulatory functions in gene expression. (ijbs.com)
  • As a result, SmMAPKs showed obviously tissue-specific expression. (figshare.com)
  • We illustrate where such mechanisms of pattern formation arise in biological systems from cellular to tissue scales, with an emphasis on morphogenesis. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Dishevelled (Dvl) protein mediates the activation of both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling, but the mechanism remains unclear. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • LsARF3 mediates thermally induced bolting through promoting the expression of LsCO in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. (frontiersin.org)
  • As one of the two distinct complexes, namely, Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, PRC2 mediates gene silencing by modulating chromatin structure [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we used an affinity-purification mass spectrometry-based (AP-MS) approach to identify novel and particularly intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). (degruyter.com)
  • Enrichment analysis for protein localization showed that mainly intracellular and cell-associated interacting proteins were identified. (degruyter.com)
  • Respecting the preferentially intracellular localization of sGAG in vesicle-like structures, also the interaction data indicate sGAG-specific modulation of vesicle-based transport processes. (degruyter.com)
  • The identification of the intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins could help to unravel these functions. (degruyter.com)
  • Compared to wildtype human cells, TRMT1-deficient human cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit reduced levels of intracellular viral RNA. (elifesciences.org)
  • To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
  • however, restoration of CBY1 expression in tumor cells reduces BCSC and its enrichment, thus lnc408 plays an essential role in maintenance of BCSC stemness. (nature.com)
  • Here we demonstrate that the epitope-tagged RNA binding protein, PABP, expressed separately in tumor cells and endothelial cells can be used to discriminate their respective mRNA targets from mixtures of these cells without significant mRNA reassortment or exchange. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, using this approach we identify a set of endothelial genes that respond to the presence of co-cultured breast tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Methods have been devised to generate mRNA samples from specific types of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, it will be necessary to assess changes in gene expression that occur when cells such as tumor cells and endothelial cells interact in order to understand growth control and critical processes such as angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These biomarkers are detectable in liquid biopsy, include circulating tumor cells (CTCs), proteins, cell free DNA (cfDNA) and RNA (cfRNA) that recently have acquired interest in cancer for their role in diagnosis and treatment response [ 1 , 3 ]. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Drosophila is thus a powerful model to gain disease-relevant insight into cellular and molecular phenotypes observed when expression levels of splicing factors, spliceosome components and splicing dynamics are altered. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • After losing interest in molecular biology she decided to apply her knowledge of genetics to cellular biology, more specifically pattern formation and regeneration in the hydra, a genus of freshwater polyps. (wepapers.com)
  • Overall, when she began working in this lab with Wieschaus she discovered new ways of working on recombinant DNA and molecular biology with the focus to clone developmentally interesting genes. (wepapers.com)
  • By identifying many sGAG-specific interacting proteins, our data provide a resource for upcoming studies aimed at molecular mechanisms and understanding of sGAG cellular effects. (degruyter.com)
  • Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)
  • 2017). In this dataset, we identified and characterized the Liver-Specific Protein 2 (LISP2) protein as an early molecular marker of liver stage development. (elifesciences.org)
  • Nuclear compartments have diverse roles in regulating gene expression, yet the molecular forces and components that drive compartment formation remain largely unclear. (cipsm.de)
  • Beyond the variety of molecular implementations of such patterns, we emphasize the unitary principles associated with them, across scales in space and time, within a general mechanochemical framework. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Our goal is to convey a picture of pattern formation that draws attention to the principles rather than solely to specific molecular mechanisms. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • However, in the mid 1990s, other proteins were also found to accumulate in the abnormal muscle fibers, and molecular genetic studies revealed several chromosomal loci. (medscape.com)
  • The dissertation topic focused on genetic patterns in Drosophila embryos and the various mutations that can occur throughout development (Resnik 2012). (wepapers.com)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • This gene plays a role in craniofacial and cognitive development and mutations have been associated with Williams-Beuren syndrome, a multisystem developmental disorder caused by deletion of multiple genes at 7q11.23. (nih.gov)
  • This list continues to expand, and, as of this writing, specific mutations listed on OMIM are known for 7 autosomal dominant LGMDs and 23 autosomal recessive LGMDs. (medscape.com)
  • Overlap exists with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (CMD) as several gene mutations can cause both a LGMD and CMD phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • These diseases are discussed here in part because mutations in 2 genes can present with either an LGMD or a myofibrillar myopathy phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • Her main work with bicaudal allowed her to publish a paper in 1977, "Genetic analysis of pattern-formation in the embryo of Drosophila melanogaster. (wepapers.com)
  • In Drosophila males, meiotic prophase lasts 3.5 days, during which spermatocytes upregulate of over 1800 genes and grow 25-fold. (stanford.edu)
  • One such discovery is that normal development, right from the earliest stages, relies on both genes and epigenetic conditions. (amacad.org)
  • Capsid gene delivery into the striatum of mouse brain or interskeletal muscle resulted in cell death and inflammation, likely through capsid-induced apoptosis in vivo. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene family performs crucial roles in cell division, migration, development, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and abiotic and biotic stress responses. (figshare.com)
  • Preferential activation of microsomal diacylglycerol/protein kinase C signaling during glucose treatment (De Novo phospholipid synthesis) of rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • Glucose has been reported to increase the de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) and translocate and activate protein kinase C (PKC) in rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • The combined results indicate that glycolysis is regulated by the compartmental expression of hexokinase 2, pyruvate kinase M1, and pyruvate kinase M2 in photoreceptors, whereas the inner retinal neurons exhibit a lower capacity for glycolysis and aerobic glycolysis. (molvis.org)
  • Expression of nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondria-associated adenylate kinase, and several mitochondria-associated creatine kinase isozymes was highest in the outer retina, whereas expression of cytosolic adenylate kinase and brain creatine kinase was higher in the cones, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells indicating the diversity of ATP-buffering strategies among retinal neurons. (molvis.org)
  • This gene is associated to a phenotype (DumPY : shorter than wild-type). (nih.gov)
  • Christiane began examining a cohort of flies that did not have the bicaudal gene, therefore she was able to determine all the other genes that were involved in the mutant bicaudal phenotype (Resnik 2012). (wepapers.com)
  • We show here that SOX9 is an astrocyte-specific nuclear marker in all major areas of the CNS outside of the neurogenic regions. (jneurosci.org)
  • PCR-amplified mycobacterial genes are sequence-specifically captured on microspheres, labeled by magnetic nanoprobes, and detected by nuclear magnetic resonance. (cdc.gov)
  • We demonstrated that XDSCR6, a Xenopus homolog of human Down syndrome critical region protein 6, regulates mesoderm and embryonic axis formation through derepression of polycomb group (PcG) proteins, including Ezh2. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Furthermore, the ectopic expression (EE) of CmNAC1 in Arabidopsis led to ABA hypersensitivity and enhanced tolerance to salinity, drought and cold stress. (frontiersin.org)
  • Evidence is presented that combinations of independent function, quantitative genetic effects, and functional redundancy have preserved the three vegetative profilin genes in the Arabidopsis lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data indicate that CNV rate of Arabidopsis MIRs is related with their age, function, and genomic localization. (bvsalud.org)
  • E) Genomic structure of OsMATL2 and single guide RNA target site for the CRISPR-Cas9 system. (techcodex.com)
  • Deletions and duplications in the genomic sequence may alter gene dosage and/or activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2) Structural analysis of non-coding RNA and protein complexes from human cells. (mchughlab.com)
  • Therefore, a clearer understanding capsid expression was analyzed by immunofluorescent assay of WNV is necessary in order to identify new strategies to treat in HeLa, 293-T, RD, or SH-SY5Y cells by using anti-His tag or prevent this viral infection (3). (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, Nanos1B protein was predominantly located in the nuclei of male germinal cells. (nature.com)
  • In mice, the suppression of Nanos3 expression in PGC resulted in the complete loss of germ cells in both sexes 9 . (nature.com)
  • A role of this gene in Germinal Stem Cells maintenance may be evolutionarily conserved as Nanos2 is specifically expressed both in oogonia and in spermatogonia of adult medaka 11 and in a subpopulation of undifferentiated A spermatogonia in juvenile and spermiating male trout 12 . (nature.com)
  • Cells explanted from the tumors and grown in culture also show no expression of 9E3, in marked contrast to the very high level found in similarly cultured RSV-transformed CEFs. (silverchair.com)
  • Using a combination of GUS reporter genes, green fluorescent protein-tagged antibodies, and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the team observed that OsMATL2 protein, a phospholipase enzyme, is highly expressed in pollen, primarily in the plasma membrane of cells of the japonica rice plant. (techcodex.com)
  • Human cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit a decrease in TRMT1 protein levels and TRMT1-catalyzed tRNA modifications, consistent with TRMT1 cleavage and inactivation by Nsp5. (elifesciences.org)
  • The TRMT1 cleavage fragments exhibit altered RNA binding activity and are unable to rescue tRNA modification in TRMT1-deficient human cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Purification of individual SARS-CoV-2 proteins from human cells have identified a potential interaction between a catalytic-inactive version of Nsp5 with human tRNA methyltransferase 1 (TRMT1) ( Gordon et al , 2020b ). (elifesciences.org)
  • Knockdown of PNN in HCET cells led to specific changes in the inclusion of multiple cassette exons as well as in the use of alternative splice sites in RP11-322M19.1 and RP11-18I14.1, resulting in considerable net changes in the ratio between the splice variants. (molvis.org)
  • Transcriptome comparisons of SOX9+ cells with GLT1+ cells showed that the two populations of cells exhibit largely overlapping gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • However, the gene expression profile of a whole tumor corresponds to the combined profiles of the different cell types contained within it (e.g. endothelial cells, T-cells, cancer cells, stromal cells, etc. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our lab has devised biochemical and immunological approaches to gene expression profiling by using RNA-binding proteins as reporters of discrete mRNA subsets in metazoan cells [ 8 - 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using this approach, we were able to determine how the gene expression profiles of endothelial cells change in response to the presence of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our goals were twofold: 1) to characterize the gene expression, protein expression, and activity of key synthesizing and regulating enzymes of energy metabolism in the whole mouse retina, retinal compartments, and/or cells and 2) to provide an integrative analysis of the results related to function. (molvis.org)
  • The primary barriers for invading respiratory pathogens are the respiratory tract epithelial cells and antimicrobial proteins generated by these cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Significant downregulation of beta-defensin1 gene (DEFB1) expression was observed when human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were exposed to IAV. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 7 ] In addition, recent gene expression profiling studies support the concept that radial glial cells from different neuroanatomic sites may be predisposed to acquiring particular genetic aberrations that result in ependymomas with site-specific genetic signatures and biologic potential. (medscape.com)
  • immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)
  • B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
  • These strat- egies provide a robust way to visualize and isolate specific cell pop- ulations of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
  • 3) Uncovering new functions of cancer cell growth associated non-coding RNA transcripts. (mchughlab.com)
  • Developmentally regulated alternate 3' end cleavage of nascent transcripts controls dynamic changes in protein expression in an adult stem cell lineage. (stanford.edu)
  • The evolutionarily conserved RBM24 (RNA-Binding Motif Protein 24) is highly expressed in muscles and head sensory organs of all vertebrate embryos. (sorbonne-universite.fr)
  • Overall, 477 proteins were found interacting with at least one of four distinct sGAGs. (degruyter.com)
  • Phylogenetic analysis showed similar numbers of AQPs clustered in five distinct subfamilies including the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), the tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), the nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), the small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and the uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Astrocytes are traditionally identified immunohistochemically by antibodies that target cell-specific antigens in the cytosol or plasma membrane. (jneurosci.org)
  • The pattern and intensity of the antibodies and of the COX and LDH activity showed the high capacity of photoreceptors for aerobic glycolysis and OXPHOS. (molvis.org)
  • The long-term goal of our research is to gain an improved understanding of the structures and functions of RNA-protein complexes, in order to develop new approaches to treat human diseases and aging processes. (mchughlab.com)
  • In particular, the gene ZmMATL was identified as a pollen-specific phospholipase in maize that plays a role in haploid induction within the plant's reproductive processes. (techcodex.com)
  • Unlike linear RNAs, circRNAs form covalent-closed continuous loops without 5' to 3' polarities and poly (A) tails. (ijbs.com)
  • Additionally, circRNAs modulate pre-mRNA alternative splicing and possess protein-coding capacity. (ijbs.com)
  • CircRNAs exhibit altered expression under pathological conditions and are strongly associated with the development of various human diseases. (ijbs.com)
  • CircRNAs were first identified in RNA viruses in the 1970s [ 12 - 14 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • To further examine these effects, double mutants and double and triple gene-silenced RNAi epialleles were created. (biomedcentral.com)
  • S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. (cancerindex.org)
  • In Vertebrates, Nanos paralogous genes were associated to partial redundancies and specific functional evolutions. (nature.com)
  • While OsMATL and OsMATL2 genes have an individual HIR of ~6%, with their functional redundancy, it may be possible to mutate both genes to obtain a higher HIR. (techcodex.com)
  • No specific treatment is available for any of the LGMD syndromes, though aggressive supportive care is essential to preserve muscle function, maximize functional ability, and prolong life expectancy. (medscape.com)
  • Using a collection of knockout or severe knockdown T-DNA single mutants, we found that defects in each of the three variants gave rise to specific developmental deficiencies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many recent studies have described the use of microarrays to identify genes expressed in different types of cancers (reviewed in [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since identification of EZH2 in the research of protooncogene product Vav [ 3 ], studies have shown that EZH2 is highly expressed in tumorigenesis, which regulates the expression of tumor suppressor genes, such as in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • However, the expression of the gene in the periphery of tumors leaves open the possibility that 9E3 may still be involved in RSV carcinogenesis. (silverchair.com)
  • Not only do choroid plexus tumors and ependymomas (including the various histologic subtypes) clearly recapitulate specific cell types found at various stages in this ontologic sequence, so too do a variety of other uncommon and/or recently recognized entities. (medscape.com)
  • We further show that splicing mediated by SF1 and Hrb87F is necessary for Z-disc stability and proper myofibril development, and strong knockdown of either gene results in impaired localization of kettin to the Z-disc. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • APA can potentially affect mRNA translation efficiency, localization, stability, and mRNA seeded protein-protein interactions. (stanford.edu)
  • However, the transcript variant and temporal expression pattern of EZH2 in the middle and late porcine fetus are still unknown. (hindawi.com)
  • These arrays contain oligonucleotide probes that span exon-exon junctions, and probes positioned within exons to determine individual exon levels and overall transcript expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, circulating RNAs (cfRNAs, circulating cell free RNA, ccfRNAs) are increasing their importance as biomarkers in liquid biopsy for cancer patients both for tumor characterization and development and for setting monitoring personalized therapies [ 4 ]. (scientificarchives.com)
  • SCN1A-deficient excitatory neuronal networks display mutation-specific phenotypes. (medscape.com)
  • During her work, she developed a technique for RNA polymerase purification. (wepapers.com)
  • HBEpCs overexpressing DEFB1 caused a significant reduction in IAV, that was confirmed by IAV matrix gene analysis, plaque assay, and confocal microscopy. (cdc.gov)
  • Gen-Probe RNA test, interferon-gamma assay, urine-based antigen test). (cdc.gov)
  • These studies demonstrate that the capsid protein of WNV may be responsible for aspects of viral pathogenesis through induction of the apoptotic cascade. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, these results demonstrate that LsARF3 could promote lettuce bolting in response to the high temperature by directly or indirectly activating the expression of floral genes such as LsCO, which provides new insights into lettuce bolting in the context of ARFs signaling and heat response. (frontiersin.org)
  • 1) Discovering non-coding RNA-protein interactions affecting gene expression through chromatin state. (mchughlab.com)
  • She launched her thesis work on phage RNA-DNA interactions, but quickly discovered limitations with the tools that were available at the time for experimentation (Resnik 2012). (wepapers.com)
  • 1 More precisely, what I know depends on the specific configuration of connections among my trillion neurons, on the neurochemical interactions between connected neurons, and on the response portfolio of different neuron types. (amacad.org)