Protein expression and activation of indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, this effect was accompanied by strong immunosuppression mediated by dendritic cells via the induction of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1(IDO1) and Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 (LAG3). (ox.ac.uk)
More importantly, these acute activation processes of PI3K-AKT signaling were critical for the production of anti-inflammation factors such as IDO1 and TSG-6 and anti-inflammatory therapeutic effect in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we applied highly multiplexed spatial protein profiling to autopsy lung tissues derived from 27 patients who died from COVID-19 and identified a protein signature (ARG1, CD127, GZMB, IDO1, Ki67, phospho-PRAS40 (T246) and VISTA) that distinguishes early DAD from late DAD with good predictive accuracy. (bmj.com)

CD40 signaling is known to 'license' dendritic cells to mature and thereby trigger T-cell activation and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Myeloid innate immune cells, such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), play an important role in cancer-cell recognition, initiation of inflammation and antitumor responses ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Specific subsets of murine dendritic cells acquire potent T cell regulatory functions following CTLA4-mediated induction of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase: A.L. Mellor, et al. (adipogen.com)
These features may be responsible for the recruitment and activation of T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, characterizing the stromal component of this lymphoma, and may point towards innate immunity and a tumor tolerogenic immune response in T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. (haematologica.org)
Thus, we studied the roles of Dectin-1, Dectin-2, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the hemocyanin activation of murine APCs, both in dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, using hemocyanins from Megathura crenulata (KLH), Concholepas concholepas (CCH) and Fissurella latimarginata (FLH). (exeter.ac.uk)

Although the expression of MHC class I and II molecules can be upregulated by MSC exposure to inflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN- γ ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ), they are still unable to induce an immunological response [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
A Blocking CTLA-4 can induce the activation of autoreactive T cells by inducing Treg depletion and functional defects, thereby stimulating B cells to increase the production of autoantibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
This can be recapitulated in vitro by treating MSCs with inflammatory cytokines TNF α and IFN γ , which induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and TNF-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6). (biomedcentral.com)
In order to induce type 2 diabetic rats, the DKD model rats were first treated with uninephrectomy to induce hyperfiltration and hyperperfusion and then developed by high-fat diet (67.5% standard fodder, 20% sucrose, 10% lard oil, and 2.5% cholesterol) for 4 weeks. (cancercurehere.com)

[ 1 ] Neutrophils move to the site of invasion by means of chemotaxis, which occurs in response to microbial products, activated complement proteins, and cytokines. (medscape.com)
The normal process of fracture repair begins with an immediate inflammatory response as the innate immune system (macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and NK cells) responds with a variety of cytokines that recruit and activate several cell types, including osteoprogenitor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to the site of injury [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Such as excessive activation of autoreactive T cells, excessive release of inflammatory cytokines, elevated levels of autoantibodies, and common antigens between tumors and normal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

The limiting step for its initiation is activation of two oxidoreductases-indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). (encyclopedia.pub)
L-KYN is a major component of the tryptophan metabolites, in which process indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) acts as the rate-limiting enzyme [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Altered tryptophan metabolism and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity are linked to cancer development and progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, a pilot study was undertaken to compare levels of tryptophan and other proteins involved in tryptophan degradation in women with breast cancer to women without cancer, and secondarily, to examine levels in women with breast caner over the course of chemotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
The kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (KYN/TRP) was used to estimate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity. (biomedcentral.com)

A dysregulated immune system (including changes in the number and/or function of immune cells, cytokine levels, and the expression of inhibitory receptors or their ligands) plays a key role in the development of HCC. (wjgnet.com)
The T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma signature is hallmarked by up-regulation of CCL8, interferon-γ, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase, VSIG4 and Toll-like receptors. (haematologica.org)
We have previously shown that hemocyanins are internalized by APCs through receptor-mediated endocytosis with proteins that contain C-type lectin domains, such as mannose receptor (MR). However, the contribution of other innate immune receptors to the proinflammatory signaling pathway triggered by hemocyanins is unknown. (exeter.ac.uk)
However, hemocyanin-induced proinflammatory effects in APCs from Dectin-1 knock-out (KO) and Dectin-2 KO mice were independent of both receptors. (exeter.ac.uk)
Additionally, P. vivax induced depletion of neutrophil populations associated with down regulation of 3G-protein coupled receptors, CRXCR1, CXCR2 and CSF3R. (ox.ac.uk)

The situation is different with chronically high cortisol levels-it leads to glucocorticoid resistance, suppresses liver TDO expression and shifts to extrahepatic kynurenine metabolism. (encyclopedia.pub)

In turn, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) was significantly unregulated in the raphe of susceptible animals. (ox.ac.uk)
The eutopic endometrium had significantly higher expression of CCL17 compared to normal endometrium, and the ectopic tissues had the highest expression. (endometriosi.it)

METHODS: Timer, UALCAN and HPA databases was used to analyze the differences in mRNA and protein levels of CERCAM expression in HNSCC. (bvsalud.org)
Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to examine the mRNA level and protein expression. (biomedcentral.com)
To probe this possibility, we developed 3-dimensional reconstruction methods for the high-resolution volumetric analysis of Hb and the mRNA levels at the given volume in normal or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated mouse model of depression. (en-journal.org)

Single cell transcription signatures were used to deconvolute the bulk RNA-Seq data into cell-specific signals.ResultsInitial exposure to P. vivax induced activation of innate immunity, including efficient antigen presentation and complement activation. (ox.ac.uk)

Q.D.), or recombinant murine IL-10 administration alone (PeproTech, Inc.). Pooled sera from two immunized mice were obtained 2, 4, 6, 14, and 21 days after treatment and were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibodies (Abs) against -gal protein or wild-type vaccinia virus. (tech-strategy.org)
this file supplies the natural data of preliminary experiments performed using 2 enzyme dilutions in order to discover out the dilution that greatest fitted with requirements 1 and 2 described in the outcomes portion of the manuscript (automated sugars releasing assay: substrate focus). (tam-receptor.com)

CD152 [CTLA-4] and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. (adipogen.com)
Recent mechanistic insights into the trophic activities of these cells point to ultimate regulation by nitric oxide, nuclear factor-kB, and indoleamine, among other signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, differences in pathway activities have been calculated among breast cancer subtypes, and researchers have found that high OSTN-AS1 expression is related to immune-associated pathways using GSVA [ 12 ]. (aging-us.com)

A2AR & A2BR: The Adenosine A2A receptor is regarded as an important checkpoint in cancer therapy because adenosine in the immune microenvironment, leading to the activation of the A2a receptor, is negative immune feedback loop and the tumor microenvironment has relatively high concentrations of adenosine. (wikipedia.org)

Deleting LAG-3 Accelerates Cardiac Allograft Rejection and Augments T Cell Memory in Mice. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
More importantly, we show that MESF treatment leads to significant inhibition of tumor growth and a 3-fold increase in the life span of tumor bearing animals compared to untreated tumor mice. (nature.com)
MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left coronary artery in adult male C57BL/6J mice for 1 (D1), 3 (D3), or 7 (D7) days. (biomed.news)
Microglial activation, increased TNF and SERT expression in the prefrontal cortex define stress-altered behaviour in mice susceptible to anhedonia. (ox.ac.uk)
Compared to resilient animals, susceptible mice showed elevated expression of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and the 5-HT transporter (SERT) in the pre-frontal area. (ox.ac.uk)
Inspired by the accidental discoveries, we constructed a NK-92 cell strain with high expression of GPX4 and treated the humanized xenograft tumor mice model with the NK-92 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
On the other hand, the RNA expression levels of known Hb regional markers such as Tac1 (dorsal part of medial Hb), ChAT (ventral part of medial Hb), and Tacr1 (medial and lateral Hb) were all decreased in all Hb subnuclei in LPS-injected mice. (en-journal.org)
Pretreatment IL-10 tm1/tm1 mice with IL-10 or fluorocitrate decreased the expression of proinflammatory factors and A1-specific transcripts in the hippocampus and cortex, and then alleviated LPS-induced depressive-like behavior. (biomedcentral.com)

11. de Haas AH, Boddeke HW, Biber K. Region-specific expression of immunoregulatory proteins on microglia in the healthy CNS. (southernbiotech.com)

Gene expression profiling of lymphomas clearly illustrated that apart from the characteristics of the tumor cells, the microenvironment of the tumor also defines the profile of the lymphoma, and, more importantly, plays a role in predicting the prognosis. (haematologica.org)
This integrated analysis led to the discovery of microenvironment-dependent and tumor-specific secretion of interleukin-32 beta (IL32β), whose expression was confirmed in situ within MCL lymph nodes by multiplex immunohistochemistry. (haematologica.org)
The interactions between tumor and immune cells in the local microenvironment are believed to be involved in the growth, metastasis and invasion of GC [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Interestingly, the most primordial defense responses employed by myeloid cells against pathogens, such as complement activation, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, actually seem to favor cancer progression. (frontiersin.org)
Chronic inflammation, however, can initiate tumorigenesis and can drive cancer progression in some cancer types ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Increased gene expression levels for IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in new-onset patients from at-risk patients might be used as potential markers for progression of the disease. (indexindex.com)
Cell cycle analysis suggested activation of apoptosis, without arresting cell cycle progression. (nature.com)
These proteins warrant further investigation as potential regulators of DAD progression. (bmj.com)
To date, however, formal evaluation of protein markers associated with inflammation during progression through these stages of DAD have been limited to low-plex immunohistochemistry studies of specific immune cells 4 or have focused on the alveolar epithelium. (bmj.com)
For those who are ineligible for cisplatin-based regimens or experience progression of disease, in 2016-2017 the United States Food and Drug Administration approved five monoclonal antibodies that achieve immune checkpoint blockade by targeting the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway. (iospress.com)

CD122: This molecule, which is the Interleukin-2 receptor beta sub-unit, is known to increase proliferation of CD8+ effector T cells. (wikipedia.org)
CD137-mediated signaling is also known to protect T cells, and in particular, CD8+ T cells from activation-induced cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein 90 Suppresses the Expression of MHC Class I Molecules, but Not MHC Class II Molecules, on Endothelial Cells in Allografts. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
PRR on myeloid cells can be triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also indirectly by secondary mechanisms such as complement activation and circulating antibodies (Abs), resulting in cytolytic and phagocytic effector mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4 + T cells and 50% of CD8 + T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. (adipogen.com)
Recombinant Adenovirus Coexpressing Covalent Peptide/MHC Class II Complex and B7-1: In Vitro and In Vivo Activation of Myelin Basic Protein-Specific T Cells: J. Chen, et al. (adipogen.com)
Batches of cells were infected for microarray experiments, and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the reproducibility of the changes in gene expression. (cdc.gov)
Characterized by the expression of the critical transcription factor forkhead box protein P3, regulatory T (Treg) cells are an essential part of the immune system, with a dual effect on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
The adaptive immune system consists of 2 types of lymphocytes: T cells (70-75% of the adaptive immune force) and B cells (10-20% of the adaptive immune force). (medscape.com)
2 , 3 , 9 Indeed, the atypical B cells of NLPHL and THRLBCL share many characteristics, including expression of pan-B-cell markers, germinal center B-cell origin and common chromosomal imbalances. (haematologica.org)
B Blocking CTLA4 and/or PD1 may be related to the expansion and activation of pre-existing tissue-resident memory T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
TLR4, but Neither Dectin-1 nor Dectin-2, Participates in the Mollusk Hemocyanin-Induced Proinflammatory Effects in Antigen-Presenting Cells from Mammals. (exeter.ac.uk)
ObjectivesTo dissect the transcriptional networks underpinning immune cells responses during primary Plasmodium vivax infection of healthy human adults.MethodsWe conducted network co-expression analysis of next-generation RNA sequencing data from whole blood from P. vivax and P. falciparum controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) of healthy naïve and malaria-exposed volunteers. (ox.ac.uk)
We found L-KYN, mainly generated through indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) from GC cells, impaired NK cells viability in TME. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, we found NK cells with higher GPX4 expression showed resistance to L-KYN induced ferroptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
After activation, they can directly lyse the targets by generating cytotoxic molecules, such as perforin and granzyme B. Besides, NK cells also secret amounts of immune regulators, especially IFN-γ, to enhance the overall anti-tumor activity [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
First, inflammatory activation or expression of IDO by tumor cells can lead to elevated levels of IDO activity, which, in turn, increases the degradation of TRP into kynurenine (KYN) leaving less TRP available for other metabolic processes [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Immunohistochemistry was performed on normal, eutopic endometrium and ectopic tissues to analyze CCL17 expression. (endometriosi.it)

TCGA-HNSCC database was applied to analyze the correlation between CERCAM expression levels and clinicopathological features, and its diagnostic and prognostic value in HNSCC was also assessed. (bvsalud.org)
This study aimed at the identification of prognostic gene expression markers in early primary colorectal carcinomas without metastasis at the time point of surgery by analyzing genome-wide gene expression profiles using oligonucleotide microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)
Background Gene expression profiling has successfully identified the prognostic significance of the host response in lymphomas. (haematologica.org)
Gene expression-based prognostic signatures have a significant effect on predicting the survival of patients with malignant tumors, such as non-small cell lung cancer [ 7 ] and pediatric acute myeloid leukemia [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)

The granulocyte network includes 3 main components: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. (medscape.com)
Chemotaxis of neutrophils involves movement of pseudopodia and polymerization of cytoskeletal proteins or actin. (medscape.com)
G-MDSC are also referred to as polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSC, which differ from conventional neutrophils via expression of lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), which inhibits T cell proliferation [ 7, 8 ]. (iospress.com)

The adaptive immune response, primarily comprised of T and B lymphocytes, has important implications in the fracture healing process as well [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Current candidates in this area include PD-L1 expression, CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor mutation load and neoantigen burden, immune-related gene signatures, and multiplex IHC assays that examine the pharmacodynamic and spatial interactions of the TME. (aacrjournals.org)

When the kynurenine pathway is fully activated (e.g., in sepsis with a typical increase in the Kyn/Trp ratio), it leads to Trp depletion, the consequent decreased activation of the rapamycin system and the attenuation of proteosynthesis. (encyclopedia.pub)

Cutting Edge: Induced Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase Expression in Dendritic Cell Subsets Suppresses T Cell Clonal Expansion: A.L. Mellor, et al. (adipogen.com)

The oligosaccharide moiety is responsible for many glycoproteins' functions, such as synthesis, folding, trafficking, stability, recognition, and regulation of the proteins themselves and many of their diverse interactions [5, buy Etomoxir 6]. (tam-receptor.com)

Inhibition of IgE-mediated mast cell activation by the paired Ig-like receptor PIR-B. J Clin Invest. (southernbiotech.com)

The abscopal effect, referring to the unexpected shrinkage observed in non-irradiated tumors after radiation therapy, is thought to be mediated by systemic immune activation. (mdpi.com)

Goat Anti-Rat Ig-Biotin antibody with minimal reactivity to mouse proteins for use in ELISA, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry / immunocytochemistry, and western blot assays. (southernbiotech.com)

Particularly, a Western blot of normal ws-PrP (ws-PrPC) and disease-associated ws-PrP (ws-PrPSc) [3] displayed a glycotyping that was different from that of the classical PrPC and PrPSc, showing a slightly faster migration mobility and a diglycoslated band with higher propensity to degradation by endogenous enzymes. (tam-receptor.com)

Whereas up to now gene signatures containing genes with various biological functions have been described for prediction of metastasis in CRC, in this study metastasis could be well predicted by a set of gene expression markers consisting exclusively of genes related to the MHC class II complex involved in immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
MSCs can be defined by their ability to adhere to tissue culture plastic, their expression of several cell surface molecular epitopes-cluster of differentiation CD73, CD90, and CD105, and others-as well as their lack of several surface markers, including CD45 [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Cutting edge: the related molecules CD28 and inducible costimulator deliver both unique and complementary signals required for optimal T cell activation: J.A. Gonzalo, et al. (adipogen.com)
MSCs are able to evade the host cell immune system due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and complete lack MHC class II molecules and other costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD40L, CD80, and CD86) required for immune cell stimulation [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Blockade of glycolysis in MSCs inhibited the expression of immunomodulatory molecules, IDO and TSG-6, as well as the therapeutic effect on IBD. (biomedcentral.com)

Immune Activation and Rejection Risk in HIV-Positive Kidney Transplantation. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)

Human UC-MSCs were pretreated with TNF- α and IFN- γ for 24 h and were then infused intravenously at day 2 of DSS administration. (biomedcentral.com)
2-NBDG was used to monitor the uptake of glucose by MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

In-Cell Western assay was used for protein expression of CCL17 and phosphorylation levels of ERK, JNK, and P38. (endometriosi.it)

Other established methods, such as flow cytometry, can then provide extra data regarding immune cell phenotype, activation, and function. (technologynetworks.com)

Compromised c-Myc levels were encapsulated by a failure to engage translational machinery resulting in impaired metabolic protein and solute carrier production among others. (biomed.news)

A total of 173 genes were differentially expressed, many of which were not found in previous transcriptional studies of other flaviviruses ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)

Following its release from dietary protein, Trp passes through the intestinal epithelium into mesenteric and then into systemic circulation. (encyclopedia.pub)
But expression levels of TDO are regulated by systemic levels of Trp, determined mainly by food intake and corticosteroids. (encyclopedia.pub)

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relevance of cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CERCAM) expression to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis and immune infiltration by macrophage M2 polarization. (bvsalud.org)
2 , 3 These lymphomas have a distinct clinical behavior and a bad prognosis. (haematologica.org)
Although computed tomography is highly sensitive in the diagnosis of PC [ 2 ], its unfavorable prognosis may be attributed to a relatively late diagnosis time. (aging-us.com)

2. Wang L, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Siva VS, Song L. A C1q domain containing protein from scallop Chlamys farreri serving as pattern recognition receptor with heat-aggregated IgG binding activity. (southernbiotech.com)

At present, the most widely used ICIs in clinical immunotherapy for a variety of solid tumors are monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and their ligand PD-L1. (biomedcentral.com)

Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is the histological expression of acute respiratory distress syndrome and characterises lung pathology due to infection with SARS-CoV-2, and other respiratory pathogens of clinical significance. (bmj.com)

The organs were homogenized in Tris, pH 8.0, subjected to three rounds of freeze-thawing, sonicated, and diluted in minimal essential medium culture media supplemented with 2% FCS. (tech-strategy.org)
00-5333) for up to 3 days in the dark at 4°C with minimal impact on brightness and FRET efficiency/compensation. (thermofisher.com)

Modulation of metabolic flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) plays an important role in T cell activation and differentiation. (biomed.news)

Indeed, several sugars act as a stabilizing agent for proteins [4], and there is a correlation between glycosylation of proteins (in quantitative and qualitative terms) and their stability to enzymatic degradation. (tam-receptor.com)

Currently, depression is the third leading contributor to the global disease burden, but will rise to a first-place ranking by 2030 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

We further showed that KLH and FLH induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, a key event involved in the TLR signaling pathway. (exeter.ac.uk)
Flow cytometry was applied to detect the expression of CCR4, IL-6, and the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB. (endometriosi.it)

IL-3 Contributes to Development of Basophil-Triggered Cardiac Allograft Fibrosis Development. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
Abnormal activation of astrocytes contributes to some behavior deficits. (biomedcentral.com)

Interestingly, almost half of the genes was related to the patients' immune response and showed reduced expression in the metastatic cases. (biomedcentral.com)
Unlike methods that attempt to select individual genes by their significant differential expression between classes of samples (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
Changes in expression of 23 genes showed similarities to those in other neurodegenerative diseases. (cdc.gov)
65%) to stress-induced anhedonia affects the 5HT system and the expression of inflammation-related genes. (ox.ac.uk)

Allograft Cytokine Activation and Elevated Tissue Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Gene and Protein Expression in Rejecting Pig Transplants. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
Tissue expression and subcellular localization of the pro-survival molecule Bcl-w. (southernbiotech.com)

A stringent lower limit threshold was set at 3 standard deviations of the pixel intensities of the negative control spots, and images were screened for changes in expression values of at least 2-fold. (cdc.gov)

Here, we studied the activation of A1 astrocytes and their contribution to murine behavior deficits. (biomedcentral.com)

A mutant B7-1/Ig fusion protein that selectively binds to CTLA-4 ameliorates anti-tumor DNA vaccination and counters regulatory T cell activity: R. Chakrabarti, et al. (adipogen.com)

Inhibiting A1 astrocyte activation may be an attractive therapeutic strategy in some neurodegenerative diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

This might be by virtue of the high estrogen concentration with the disease, which leads to malignant proliferation of endometriotic cysts, or be due to mutations in the ARID1A gene and consequent loss of BAF250a expression. (endometriosi.it)

Moreover, recurrence and metastasis are major factors that reduce the survival rate of PC patients [ 3 ]. (aging-us.com)
Although there are great advances in surgical procedures or other therapies, the overall 5-year survival rate of GC still remains under 30% in most countries [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
They are critical regulators of brain development and perform many functions important for normal neuronal survival and growth, synapse formation, and proper propagation of action potentials [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

These agents, which inhibit the immune checkpoint proteins programmed death cell protein-1 (PD-1) or CTL associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) are able to produce durable long-term remissions and are active in a broad range of tumor types, although not all patients respond ( 1-7 ). (aacrjournals.org)

A B lymphocyte surface molecule mediating activation and protection from apoptosis via calcium channels. (southernbiotech.com)
Design and Methods We collected 33 cases of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma and 56 cases of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma and performed microarray gene expression profiling on ten cases of each lymphoma, to obtain a better understanding of the lymphoma host response. (haematologica.org)
Conclusions The gene expression profile of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, in comparison with that of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma, shows features suggestive of a distinct tolerogenic host immune response that may play a key role in the aggressive behavior of this lymphoma, and that may serve as a potential target for future therapy. (haematologica.org)

Anatomy27

Organisms30

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science4

Health Care2

IDO13

Dendritic cells5

Induce4

Cytokines3

Tryptophan5

Receptors5

Extrahepatic1

Significantly2

MRNA3

Immunity1

Enzyme2

Pathways3

Tumor microenvironment1

Mice8

Microglia1

Microenvironment3

Progression7

Cells17

Tissues1

Prognostic4

Neutrophils3

Lymphocytes2

Depletion1

Suppresses1

Regulation1

Inhibition1

Mediated by systemic1

Immunohistochemistry1

Western blot1

Markers2

Molecules3

Immune Activation1

MSCs2

Assay1

Phenotype1

Translational1

Differentially1

Systemic2

Prognosis3

Recognition1

Antibodies1

Infection1

Minimal2

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Sugars1

Depression1

Phosphorylation2

Contributes2

Genes4

Tissue2

Negative Control1

Murine1

Regulatory1

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Consequent1

Survival3

Antigen1

Lymphocyte3