Protein cells are cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Researchers have identified two types of cells in our brains that are involved in organizing discrete memories based on when they occurred. (nih.gov)
Researchers from two independent research teams have discovered how the mislocalization of a protein, known as TDP-43, alters the genetic instructions for UNC13A, providing a possible therapeutic target that could also have implications in treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other forms of dementia. (nih.gov)
These methionine-misacylated tRNAs, the researchers showed, were used in translation so that higher levels of methionine were incorporated into new proteins than the genetic code specified. (nih.gov)
Researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT have developed a system that can detect a particular RNA sequence in live cells and produce a protein of interest in response. (nih.gov)
In the new study, researchers led by Tresa McGranahan, Stephen Heinemann, PhD, and T. K. Booker, PhD, of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, found that removing a specific type of nicotinic receptor from brain cells that produce dopamine -- a chemical released in response to reward -- makes mice less likely to seek out nicotine. (sciencedaily.com)
To zero in on the circuit important in the brain's response to nicotine, researchers developed mice with a mutation that left them unable to produce the alpha4 receptor, but only on dopamine brain cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Recently, NIA-supported Mayo Clinic researchers discovered that TREM2, a protein found on certain immune cells, can help protect the brain from TDP-43-related harm. (nih.gov)
The cell is the fundamental unit of life, but until recently, it was very difficult for researchers to study the activities of an individual cell. (nih.gov)
His approach now allows researchers to study 100 to 1000 times more proteins in individual cells. (nih.gov)
Dr. Slavov's method helps researchers move to a more concrete understanding of individual cells and the organisms they make up. (nih.gov)
The researchers believe this mitochondrial structure, made up of a protein called DELE1, could serve as a target for future therapeutics for age-related diseases. (news-medical.net)
The effects of inflammation on immune cells in the gut may have influenced an individual risk of developing prion disease after exposure to contaminated food during the BSE outbreak in the 1990s, researchers suggest. (ed.ac.uk)
UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have discovered a protein that guides blood vessel development and eventually might lead to a treatment to keep cancer cells from spreading. (scienceblog.com)
The researchers showed in mice that the Ras interacting protein 1 (Rasip1) is so specific and central to so many cellular processes that without it new blood vessels simply cannot form, said Dr. Ondine Cleaver, assistant professor of molecular biology at UT Southwestern and senior author of the study in the April issue of Developmental Cell . (scienceblog.com)
Immune system proteins called Themis are essential for helping two major types of immune cells defend against disease-causing microbes, according to two studies led by researchers at the National Institutes of Health. (nih.gov)
Researchers led by Paul Love, M.D., Ph.D., of NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, built upon their earlier studies showing that Themis1 is needed for T cell development. (nih.gov)
According to the researchers, this transient role prevents erroneous T cell activity, as SHP-1 checks the activity of mature T cells. (nih.gov)
The researchers propose that Themis2 increases the sensitivity of B cells to weak signals that tend to occur early on during an immune response. (nih.gov)
In a paper published recently in the prestigious journal Cell, a team of researchers including molecular biologists from UNSW Sydney made a detailed analysis of the form and function of proteins encoded by two genes in humans - NPC1 and NPC2 - and analysed their role in transporting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol into our body cells via lysosomes. (news-medical.net)
UNSW Science's Professor Rob Yang says the international team of researchers, which involved scientists from Princeton University (New Jersey) and Tsinghua University (Beijing), used cryo-electron microscopes to observe proteins at the near-atomic level in great detail - something that was not possible just 10 years ago. (news-medical.net)
Virginia Commonwealth University researchers studying hemoglobin genes, mutations of which play a role in genetic blood disorders like sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia, have shown in studies with mice that the KLF2 protein is crucial for making young red blood cells. (biospace.com)
The findings may point researchers to future gene therapies for patients with sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia. (biospace.com)
In the October issue of Blood, the journal of the American Association for Hematology, researchers demonstrated that a protein called KLF2 regulates the production of embryonic globin genes and the maturation and stability of embryonic red blood cells in a mouse model. (biospace.com)
In a new study, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered two important functions of a protein called RTEL1 during cell division. (phys.org)
In the new study, which is a continuation of the previous findings in the CCS, the researchers have primarily done tests on different types of cancer cells including bone, cervical and colon cancer. (phys.org)
It was a surprise to the researchers to see how big a role the RTEL1 protein plays in cell division. (phys.org)
Researchers are believed to have found an important process in cell growth which could lead to the formation of tumors. (healthjockey.com)
In the present study, published at the journal Structural Dynamics ( 'Real-time investigation of dynamic protein crystallization in living cells' ), the researchers observed crystal growth in real time, gathering important information about in vivo crystal formation. (nanowerk.com)
The CiQUS researchers detected the spontaneous formation of protein crystals inside cells when expressing two different proteins with the baculovirus system. (nanowerk.com)
Researchers establish connections between Alzheimer's-linked genetic alterations and the functioning of brain cells. (medindia.net)
Martin Gruebele, the James R. Eiszner Professor of Chemistry at Illinois and corresponding author of the paper, says the method that he and his team of co-researchers engineered marks the first time anyone has been able to follow the real-time folding and unfolding of proteins outside of a test tube. (nanowerk.com)
On the other hand, fluorescence microscopy allows researchers to see inside of cells, but it precludes them from studying cell dynamics and kinetics. (nanowerk.com)
Chute's team is now working with fellow UCLA researchers to test small molecules for their ability to specifically inhibit PTP-sigma on blood stem cells. (uclahealth.org)
Researchers knew that the protein, called lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase or PlsC in bacteria, was essential for assembling the phospholipid molecules that are the main component of cell membranes. (stjude.org)
White said: 'Other researchers had tried to model the process based on existing transmembrane protein structures, and the models didn't make sense for this task. (stjude.org)
Like the stabilizing keel of a ship, researchers reported that PlsC had a hydrophobic segment that extended into the cell membrane interior. (stjude.org)
By mutating PlsC, researchers confirmed how the protein was anchored in the cell membrane, and the correct acyl group was selected from the cytosol. (stjude.org)
As researchers learn more about the changes in cells that cause cancer, they have developed drugs that target some of these changes. (cancer.org)
Researchers at Lund University have instead chosen to investigate what protects the insulin-producing cells. (lu.se)
Researchers at Lund University have studied a protein called C3, which plays a central role in the body's immune system. (lu.se)
Previous studies by the same researchers have shown that C3 is also present inside cells and plays an important role there. (lu.se)
An objective among many diabetes researchers is to create treatments where stem cells are taken from the patient and converted into insulin-producing cells, which are then transplanted back into the patient. (lu.se)
Among researchers studying the immune system, there is no consensus on whether C3 plays a significant role inside our cells. (lu.se)

Using the technology, the team showed how they could identify specific cell types, detect and measure changes in the expression of individual genes, track transcriptional states, and control the production of proteins encoded by synthetic mRNA. (nih.gov)
Methods for identifying and isolating the proteins or the genes for the proteins are available using contemporary cellular and molecular biological approaches. (nih.gov)
Even cells that have the same job in our bodies can differ from each other in what genes are turned on or off and in what proteins they produce, and those differences can be important for understanding human health and disease. (nih.gov)
Genes Cells 11 , 1085-1096 (2006). (nature.com)
Emx2 is a transcription factor, a type of protein that plays a role in how genes are regulated. (nih.gov)
Our earlier data showed that cancer cells utilize this unusual form of DNA replication far more often than normal cells , because cancer cells have a lot of 'replication stress' in S-phase due to the cell division cycle being perturbed by the over-activity of cancer-causing genes called oncogenes," says Ian Hickson. (phys.org)

Before mass spectrometry, Slavov's team isolated individual mammalian cells, careful not to lose much of the cells' protein content. (nih.gov)
SCoPE-MS: mass-spectrometry of single mammalian cells quantifies proteome heterogeneity during cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
Here we describe a microscope based on light-sheet illumination 2 that allows massively parallel fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) 3 measurements and use it to visualize the diffusion and interactions of proteins in mammalian cells and in isolated fly tissue. (nature.com)
A programmable Cas9-serine recombinase fusion protein that operates on DNA sequences in mammalian cells. (broadinstitute.org)
We describe the development of 'recCas9', an RNA-programmed small serine recombinase that functions in mammalian cells. (broadinstitute.org)
We show that these recombinases can operate on DNA sites in mammalian cells identical to genomic loci naturally found in the human genome in a manner that is dependent on the guide RNA sequences. (broadinstitute.org)

Cancer cells depend on the body's creation of new blood vessels to deliver the nutrients that fuel cancer's rapid growth. (scienceblog.com)
As T and B cells develop, they must pass quality-control checkpoints to ensure that they can ward off harmful organisms without damaging the body's own tissues. (nih.gov)
However, this flexibility also means that T and B cells could potentially target harmless molecules, causing allergies, or react against the body's own cells or organs, leading to autoimmune disease. (nih.gov)
Professor Yang says this same approach to target Ebola could have potential implications for developing treatment approaches for COVID-19, since it is also an RNA virus, and could potentially enter a body's cells via NPC1. (news-medical.net)
One of the body's most important processes is cell division , which occurs throughout life. (phys.org)
University of Manchester scientists have discovered a cluster of 60 proteins that allow the body's cells to react to their environment and communicate with each other. (manchester.ac.uk)
During division of any of the body's roughly 30 trillion cells, DNA from the initial cell must be split precisely between the two resulting cells. (medindia.net)

This study indicated that interleukin-2 (IL-2), a secretory cytokine protein produced by CD4+ T cells, plays a key role in T cell metabolism by activating another key intracellular signaling protein, STAT5. (nih.gov)
It is required for transcytosis, an intracellular transport pathway used to deliver membrane-bound proteins and exogenous cargos from the basolateral to the apical surface. (nih.gov)
Intracellular iron levels are elaborately balanced by iron efflux, uptake, and storage proteins that are regulated by iron regulatory proteins (IRPs, including IRP1 and IRP2) [ 16 ]. (nature.com)
If we can increase the production of intracellular C3 in these cells, it may help the cells survive longer so that the treatment can be more effective," says Ben C King, associate professor of inflammation research at Lund University, and co-senior author of the study. (lu.se)
Anna Blom hopes that the new study will pave the way for new research that can increase our knowledge about the significance of intracellular proteins in the development of diabetes and other diseases. (lu.se)

This "messenger RNA" (mRNA) travels to the ribosome, the molecular machine that synthesizes proteins. (nih.gov)
The ribosomes match the tRNAs to their complementary mRNA sequences, thus "reading" the mRNA sequence, and stitch the amino acids together to make proteins. (nih.gov)
One in every three people who experience a mini-stroke will experience a full-blown stroke later on, and the proteins and prions that are created in the body from the mRNA Covid jabs have caused a tsunami of TIA's all over the world. (naturalnews.com)
When blood vessels get clogged, the heart must work much harder than normal to pump blood through the body and try to get past the clots ( mRNA-created protein and prions clinging to walls of blood vessels). (naturalnews.com)

The activation of CD4+ T cells, a type of white blood cell that is responsible for both disease-protective and disease-promoting immune responses, requires metabolic changes to meet the energy demands of their rapid growth and proliferation. (nih.gov)
This study demonstrated for the first time how the IL-2-STAT5 signaling cascade regulates T cell growth and proliferation by cooperating with other nuclear transcription factors that are likely to be relevant in lymphoid malignancies. (nih.gov)
When cells become damaged, they resort to senescence-cell cycle arrest-to avoid contributing to the proliferation of flawed cells, which can give rise to diseases such as cancer. (genengnews.com)
Collectively, these data suggest that MIP2 may participate in the progression of cell proliferation in H9c2 cells. (nih.gov)
MAL2 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cell lines. (nih.gov)
They found that Themis2 enhances positive selection of B cells in lymph nodes, which is important for the survival and proliferation of B cells that produce antibodies capable of generating an effective immune response. (nih.gov)
The total amount, composition and structure of the adsorbed protein layer can change over time and could influence cell adhesion and proliferation. (nist.gov)
Previous work has shown that pre-ageing of polymer films in serum-containing cell culture medium enhanced osteoblast adhesion and proliferation [1]. (nist.gov)
Towards tissue engineering of bone, we examined the effect of pre-aging time of three-dimensional (3D) polymer scaffolds in serum-containing medium on 1) amount of protein adsorbed and 2) osteoblast attachment and proliferation. (nist.gov)

Urologic research is supported, including cellular and molecular approaches to the study of tissue-specific and cell-specific regulation of prostate growth. (nih.gov)
Cellular transport is mediated by specific membrane proteins. (nih.gov)
To cope with the harms of oxidative stress that can lead to cellular malfunction and death, cells must reprogram gene expression and adjust the dynamics of protein production and degradation. (nih.gov)
In response to oxidative stress, thousands of proteins accumulate ubiquitin modification and are involved in a variety of functions that support cellular survival. (nih.gov)
The common thread I see for the future of antiaging research is that there are three fronts in which we can improve: The prevention of cellular damage and senescence, safe therapeutic removal of senescent cells, and to stimulate stem cells-no matter the strategy-to improve tissue regeneration once senescence is removed. (genengnews.com)
Here, we trace the development of highly visible and minimally perturbing fluorescent proteins that, together with updated fluorescent imaging techniques, are providing unprecedented insights into the movement of proteins and their interactions with cellular components in living cells. (nih.gov)
Most approaches to therapies aimed at blocking blood vessel formation have focused on growth factors that occur outside the cell rather than intrinsic cellular growth factors like Rasip1, Dr. Cleaver said. (scienceblog.com)
The second feature is that RTEL1 promotes a process called MiDAS, which is very common in cancer cells and happens in mitosis," says Ying Liu, Associate Professor at the Center for Chromosome Stability (CCS), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. (phys.org)
And, as opposed to the expansive environment of a test tube, there's a lot of cellular furniture for proteins to bump into in living cells. (nanowerk.com)
This work represents a step toward programmable, scarless genome editing in unmodified cells that is independent of endogenous cellular machinery or cell state. (broadinstitute.org)
Glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity of isolated rat epididymal fat cells and of their delipidated derivatives ("ghosts") was studied as a function of cellular lipid content (fat cell size), cellular protein content, animal age, and state of nutrition in an effort to examine the relationship of adipose cell size to adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. (jci.org)
Thus, spatially specific regulation of protein adsorption on an implant surface is pivotal for mediating subsequent cellular behaviors. (rsc.org)

The new study, published August 7, 2023, in the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology , shows how a mitochondrial protein structure is necessary to activate the cell's integrated stress response (ISR)-;a critical pathway that helps our cells maintain health. (news-medical.net)

Slaughter, B.D., Schwartz, J.W. & Li, R. Mapping dynamic protein interactions in MAP kinase signaling using live-cell fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy and imaging. (nature.com)
It was believed that at the time of cell growth, Plk1 utilizes its protein kinase activity called phosphorylation. (healthjockey.com)
Apparently, protein kinase is formed when a phosphate group is added to a protein called Topors. (healthjockey.com)
Here we report that protein kinase C (PKC)-ε is critically involved in ADP. (jneurosci.org)

Protein markers commonly used for circulating tumor cells investigations. (medscape.com)
This conference track addresses the fast-moving area focusing on circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating RNAs (such as circulating microRNAs) as well as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) . (selectbiosciences.com)

The goal of this research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins regulate gene transcription to obtain insights into how they control various biological processes and are implicated in disease. (nih.gov)
Using gene expression analysis and loss- and gain-of-function analyses in mice that either lacked Emx2 or possessed extra amounts of the protein, the scientists found that Emx2 is expressed on only one side of the LPR. (nih.gov)
See 4 reference sequence protein isoforms for the XPA gene. (nih.gov)
This gene encodes a zinc finger protein plays a central role in nucleotide excision repair (NER), a specialized type of DNA repair. (nih.gov)
This gene encodes a multispan transmembrane protein belonging to the MAL proteolipid family. (nih.gov)
Bromodomains are generally found in proteins that regulate chromatin structure and gene expression, such as histone acetyltransferases and the ATPase component of certain nucleosomes-remodeling complexes. (cellsignal.com)
Mutations in the NPC1 gene can prevent LDL cholesterol from binding to the protein, leaving it trapped in the cell's lysosomes. (news-medical.net)
Two human synovial sarcoma cell lines (SW 982 and CME-1) were treated with the photosensitizer meso -tetraphenylporphine with two sulfonate groups on adjacent phenyl rings (TPPS 2a ) and a plasmid encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) complexed to poly- l -lysine to investigate the influence of PCI on gene transfer and with 5 µg/mL gelonin to investigate PCI of a Type-I ribosome-inactivating protein toxin. (bioone.org)
In addition, both cell lines were transduced with an Adenovirus serotype 5 encoding the Escherichia coli lacZ gene (AdHCMV-lacZ, expressing β-galactosidase) and treated with TPPS 2a and light to evaluate the effect of PCI on the transduction rate. (bioone.org)
Photochemically induced transfection with the reporter gene EGFP in CME-1 cells increased from 0% of cells at no light to 40% of the cells after 60 s of light exposure. (bioone.org)
In contrast, the SW 982 cells showed no enhanced expression of the gene. (bioone.org)
Over the last 9 months of funding, we have rapidly advanced this approach, called PTD-DRBD mediated siRNA delivery, and find that it is non-cytotoxic, delivers siRNAs into the entire population of all cell types, including stem cells and iPS cells, and has a minimal effect on the overall cell biology or other non-targeted gene expression profiles. (ca.gov)

These small molecules are important messengers, but they can also damage proteins. (nih.gov)
Indeed, in follow-up experiments, the misacylation was blocked by a compound that inhibits cells from generating reactive oxygen species, implicating the molecules as the trigger for misacylation. (nih.gov)
and (9) the study of the regulation of transport protein function by accessory molecules that act as regulators of these transporters under various pathophysiological conditions. (nih.gov)
Diffusion processes and local dynamic equilibria inside cells lead to nonuniform spatial distributions of molecules, which are essential for processes such as nuclear organization and signaling in cell division, differentiation and migration 1 . (nature.com)
The ability to visualize, track, and quantify molecules and events in living cells with high spatial and temporal resolution is essential for understanding biological systems. (nih.gov)
recombinant protein molecules inside live cells. (bio.net)
In order to show how p53 molecules were affected, Liu was believed to have forced cells in his lab to undergo the ubiquitination or sumoylation process. (healthjockey.com)
Thin protein fibers, called microtubules stretch out from points on opposite sides of the cell and latch onto a protein complex, called the kinetochore, which is anchored by CENP-A molecules at the centromere. (medindia.net)

Turns out, nature designed a very clever 'boat' that solved the topological problem for this, and likely thousands of other similar proteins,' Rock said. (stjude.org)
The structure provides an architectural solution that has never been seen before and that is used with slight variations by similar proteins to catalyze diverse biochemical reactions within the cell membrane,' Rock said. (stjude.org)

In the present work, real-time interactions for a plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coating were measured by a Multi-Parametric Surface Plasmon Resonance (MP-SPR), and the results were compared with standard traditional cell viability in vitro assays. (mdpi.com)
In vitro and in vivo analyses of mutant T. maritima and Escherichia coli RodZ validate the structure and reveal the importance of the MreB-RodZ interaction in the ability of cells to propagate as rods. (rcsb.org)
However, in the past few years, some successful structural information was obtained from tiny protein microcrystals grown within living cells, offering exciting new possibilities for proteins that do not form crystals in vitro . (nanowerk.com)
Gruebele says that although temperature jumps have been used for some time to study the kinetics of chemical reactions in vitro, that method is limited by what he calls "homogenous kinetics," or an inability to see the dynamics in different areas of the cell. (nanowerk.com)
Since biomolecular dynamics are predominantly studied in vitro, with the results extrapolated to explain how the same processes would function in a living cell, Gruebele says the new technique has yielded some interesting data that could change standard thinking in the field. (nanowerk.com)
According to Gruebele, the proteins studied in vivo using the new technique were more stable, their thermal denaturation was more gradual and their folding kinetics were slower than the same proteins studied in vitro. (nanowerk.com)
You have a very simple, very homogenous environment when you study proteins in vitro," he said. (nanowerk.com)

Anton M. Jetten, Ph.D., is Head of the Cell Biology Group in the Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, and holds a secondary appointment in the NIEHS Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory . (nih.gov)
Anyone who's taken a biology class knows that a gene's sequence precisely dictates the order of amino acids that must be linked together to make a protein. (nih.gov)
Protein & Cell is a monthly peer-reviewed open access journal covering protein and cell biology. (wikipedia.org)
1 Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. (nih.gov)
The research is published in Nature Cell Biology. (manchester.ac.uk)
This research has been coordinated by Prof. Lars L. Redecke (Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Germany), in collaboration with the CiQUS (University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain), the Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry (University of Tübingen, Germany) and the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (University of Hamburg). (nanowerk.com)
Consequently, to clinically develop stem cell therapies, there is a great need to develop reagents and protocols that can gently alter stem biology, but do not result in either use of DNA vectors or stress the cells, both of which can lead to mutagenic events. (ca.gov)
However, siRNAs are difficult to deliver into cells and current delivery approaches result in cytotoxicity, poor percentage of cells, changes in the overall transcription and biology of the cells, and even DNA damage. (ca.gov)

Our genomes encode ~5000 integral membrane proteins. (nih.gov)
Newly made membrane proteins are first inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. (nih.gov)
The majority of these membrane proteins have to be weaved back and forth multiple times across the lipid bilayer, folded into a functional three-dimensional structure, and sometimes assembled with other subunits. (nih.gov)
Our research aims to understand how such complex membrane proteins are made correctly. (nih.gov)
We have taken a biochemical approach to identify and mechanistically dissect the factors involved in membrane protein targeting, insertion, folding, and assembly. (nih.gov)
We recently discovered an intramembrane chaperone that aids membrane protein folding. (nih.gov)
By studying how this chaperone functions, we revealed a new conceptual framework for membrane protein biogenesis. (nih.gov)
Fundamental information has been accumulated on the molecular architecture of the red cell membrane skeleton. (nih.gov)
The protein is a component of lipid rafts and, in polarized cells, it primarily localizes to endosomal structures beneath the apical membrane. (nih.gov)
Before 2013 we often had to theorize about how membrane proteins worked and how they functioned, but now we can actually see them, and seeing is believing. (news-medical.net)
If you imagine NPC2 bringing the cholesterol to the gate at the edge of the lysosome membrane, the NPC1 protein provides a tunnel for this cholesterol into the cell itself. (news-medical.net)
Bacterial actin homologue MreB is required for cell shape maintenance in most non-spherical bacteria, where it assembles into helical structures just underneath the cytoplasmic membrane. (rcsb.org)
Proper assembly of the actin cytoskeleton requires RodZ, a conserved, bitopic membrane protein that colocalises to MreB and is essential for cell shape determination. (rcsb.org)
The protein expression profiles of cytoplasm and membrane/nuclei fractions were checked using protein two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). (hindawi.com)
CFP expression was characterized using morphometric methods and immunohistochemistry with antibodies to neurofilament light (NF-L), neuronal nuclei (NeuN), POU-domain protein (Brn3a) and calretinin, which immunolabel ganglion cells, and syntaxin 1 (HPC-1), glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD 67 ), GABA plasma membrane transporter-1 (GAT-1), and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which immunolabel amacrine cells. (molvis.org)
discuss how PlsC operates in the cell membrane. (stjude.org)
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have identified a novel structure that helps an enzyme solve a challenging biological problem by bobbing like a ship at the surface of the cell membrane. (stjude.org)
The study focused on a family of membrane proteins that are found in the simplest to the most complex forms of life. (stjude.org)
Transmembrane proteins typically pass through and extend on either side of the membrane. (stjude.org)
That anchored the enzyme in the membrane, giving PlsC direct access to its partially completed phospholipid substrate and producing a mature phospholipid for cell membrane growth. (stjude.org)

Our labs have developed small domains from proteins called cell-permeable peptides or peptide transduction domains (PTDs) that enter cells, including embryonic stem cells and non-dividing adult stem cells, in a non-cytotoxic manner that is independent of exposing the stem cells to DNA vectors. (ca.gov)
To solve this problem, our labs developed an approach to combine the advances in cell-permeable PTD peptides with siRNA delivery. (ca.gov)

Although SPR is extensively utilized in interaction studies, recent research of protein or cell adsorption on hydroxyapatite coatings for prostheses applications was not found. (mdpi.com)
Protein adsorption mediates biological responses to materials. (nist.gov)
Unlike the surface modulation strategy for traditional biomaterials, in this research, materials with a nonuniform spatial distribution of surface charges were designed to achieve site-selective protein adsorption and further influence cell behavior by charge regulation. (rsc.org)
Site-specific charge-mediated selective protein adsorption was demonstrated through a protein adsorption experiment. (rsc.org)
This study provides a new method for spatially regulating protein adsorption through surface charges to further influence cell behaviors. (rsc.org)

Overexpression of MIP2 results in a shorter cell cycle, as measured by flow cytometry. (nih.gov)
A technique for the high-throughput single-cell quantification of hundreds of proteins using standard flow cytometry instrumentation is reported in Science Advances . (genomeweb.com)
Developed by a team led by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center investigators, the method - called Infinity Flow - combines hundreds of overlapping flow cytometry panels with machine learning to enable the simultaneous analysis of the co-expression patterns of hundreds of surface-expressed proteins across millions of individual cells. (genomeweb.com)

Wachsmuth, M., Waldeck, W. & Langowski, J. Anomalous diffusion of fluorescent probes inside living cell nuclei investigated by spatially-resolved fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. (nature.com)
For that they used two different proteins: firefly luciferase and a truncated version of an avian reovirus protein, called muNS, fused to GFP, which allowed them to monitor by fluorescence the initial steps of the crystal formation in the cells. (nanowerk.com)
To study the biomolecular dynamics inside of a single living cell, Gruebele and his team pioneered a hybrid method they've dubbed "Fast Relaxation Imaging," a technique that combines fluorescence microscopy and fast temperature jumps. (nanowerk.com)
An inverted fluorescence microscope is used to observe and record what happens inside the cell, all of which takes place in the span of a few milliseconds. (nanowerk.com)
With fluorescence microscopy, we're able to take images of cells and see inside them, but we can't observe how anything rapidly changes or adapts with time, so you can't look at any but the slowest dynamics. (nanowerk.com)

PROJECT SUMMARY Human cells are constantly subjected to oxidative stress due to the exposure to solar UV radiation and to pollutants in the water and in the atmosphere. (nih.gov)

In addition, use of small molecule inhibitors that cause global changes to stem cells and their cell lineage progeny for therapeutic benefit may also result in undesirable cell stress and cytotoxicities that can permanently alter the cell's physiology in an unintended manner. (ca.gov)

It was concluded that circulating epithelial cells may be present in patients with benign inflammatory colon which were detectable by CTC assays. (medscape.com)
Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway Activity Is Inhibited by Airborne Particulate Matter (PM(10)) through XPA Deregulation in Lung Epithelial Cells. (nih.gov)

By using a mouse model, this study established that a previously identified cytokine signaling pathway, known as the IL-2-STAT5 pathway, plays a central role in CD4+ T cell metabolism and growth, and that high STAT5 activity in T cells might be linked to lymphoid malignancies. (nih.gov)
however little is known about the importance and regulation of this pathway in human cells. (nih.gov)
Our preliminary data reveals expression of autophagy pathway related proteins AP-4, ATG9A, and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3B) in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells following hypoxia and glucose starvation. (nih.gov)

Myocardial ischemic preconditioning up-regulated protein 2 (MIP2) is a novel member of the WD40 repeat proteins superfamily that contains five WD40 repeats. (nih.gov)

Dendritic Cell-Specific Transmembrane Protein (DC-STAMP) Regulates Osteoclast Differentiation via the Ca 2+ /NFATc1 Axis. (nih.gov)
The new studies explain why Themis1 is required for the positive selection of T cells and show that Themis2 regulates the positive selection of B cells. (nih.gov)
In this study, the authors showed that a cell surface protein called protein tyrosine phosphatase-sigma (PTP-sigma) regulates the critical process called engraftment, which is how HSCs start to grow and make healthy blood cells after transplantation. (uclahealth.org)
Chute and colleagues showed further that PTP-sigma regulates HSC function by suppressing a protein, RAC1, which is known to promote HSC engraftment after transplantation. (uclahealth.org)

Therefore, the development of T and B cells is tightly controlled and relies on a number of receptor and protein interactions that regulate the cells' threshold for activation. (nih.gov)

The NIH Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® (BRAIN) Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) has unveiled an atlas of cell types and an anatomical neuronal wiring diagram for the mammalian primary motor cortex, derived from detailed studies of mice, monkeys, and humans. (nih.gov)

When the scientists cultured RGCs and astrocytes together in a dish, both cell types survived, unless the astrocytes were missing their sigma 1 receptor. (nih.gov)
A new technology called RADARS allows scientists to detect and target specific cell types and states, opening up potential applications in diagnostics and therapeutics. (nih.gov)
Using animal models, scientists have demonstrated that a protein called Emx2 is critical to how specialized cells that are important for maintaining hearing and balance are positioned in the inner ear. (nih.gov)
Conducted by scientists at the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the research offers new insight into how specialized sensory hair cells develop and function, providing opportunities for scientists to explore novel ways to treat hearing loss, balance disorders, and deafness. (nih.gov)
Scientists are just beginning to understand how the hair cells determine in which direction to point their hair cell bundles so that they perform their jobs. (nih.gov)
But for hair cells involved in linear acceleration-or how the head senses the direction of forward and backward movement-the hair cell bundles divide into two regions that are oriented in opposite directions, which scientists call reversed polarity. (nih.gov)
To delay the onset of such conditions, and the debilities of aging generally, scientists have been exploring various ways to prevent or at least slow the accumulation of senescent cells. (genengnews.com)
Prions, which cause infection and neurodegeneration in people and animals, exploit certain tissues and immune cells to establish disease in the brain, scientists from the Roslin Institute have found. (ed.ac.uk)
Scientists have advanced knowledge about how two proteins fit together to form a pore that Shigella uses to invade intestinal cells. (massgeneral.org)
The UT Southwestern scientists also discovered that Rasip1 and a protein binding partner are both required for blood vessels to form channels through which blood can flow, she said. (scienceblog.com)
Scientists have shown for the first time how two proteins provide a tunnel for so-called bad cholesterol to enter our body cells. (news-medical.net)
Nanowerk News ) A new technique to study protein dynamics in living cells has been created by a team of University of Illinois scientists, and evidence yielded from the new method indicates that an in vivo environment strongly modulates a protein's stability and folding rate, according to research accepted for publication in the journal Nature Methods and posted on the journal's Web site Feb. 28. (nanowerk.com)
UCLA scientists have for the first time identified a protein that plays a key role in regulating how blood stem cells replicate in humans. (uclahealth.org)

A new study reveals that, in the face of an invading virus or bacteria-or an irritating chemical-the cell's protein-making machinery goes off-script, inserting more of an amino acid known to help defend proteins against damage. (nih.gov)
The two most important are S-phase when the cell's DNA is duplicated or replicated, and mitosis when the duplicated DNA is divided equally between the two daughter cells. (phys.org)

Only recently has it become feasible to carry out these tasks due to the advent of fluorescent protein technology. (nih.gov)
To characterize cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) expression in the retina of the thy1-CFP (B6.Cg-Tg(Thy1-CFP)23Jrs/J) transgenic mouse line. (molvis.org)
CFP fluorescent cell bodies were in all retinal regions and their processes ramified in all laminae of the IPL. (molvis.org)
Immunohistochemistry with antibodies to HPC-1, GAD 67 , GAT-1, and ChAT indicated that the small, weakly fluorescent CFP cells in the INL and GCL were cholinergic amacrine cells. (molvis.org)
The total number and density of CFP-fluorescent cells in the GCL were within the range of previous estimates of the total number of ganglion cells in the C57BL/6J line. (molvis.org)

Themis proteins are relatively new to the immunology field. (nih.gov)

Regulation of human osteoclast development by dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP). (nih.gov)
The dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein DC-STAMP is essential for osteoclast fusion and osteoclast bone-resorbing activity. (nih.gov)

Expression of MAL and MAL2, two elements of the protein machinery for raft-mediated transport, in normal and neoplastic human tissue. (nih.gov)
There, the proteins hijack the cells' machinery to help Shigella multiply. (massgeneral.org)
consequently, structural insights into proteins at atomic resolution are important to understand the machinery of life or to develop new specifically designed drugs for medical applications. (nanowerk.com)
Critical to successful cell division is the integrity of the centromere a region of DNA on each chromosome where the cell division machinery attaches to segregate the chromosomes. (medindia.net)

Because cells produce a lot of protein to build new cells, and to perform certain functions, and to repair damaged tissues. (answers.com)

Xiaoqi Liu, an assistant professor of biochemistry , found that tumor is created at the time of cell development when there is an apparent accumulation of polo-like kinase1 or Plk1 molecule along with the lack of p53 molecule. (healthjockey.com)

It is becoming increasingly clear that red cell structural proteins and their isoforms are present in a wide variety of cells, including epithelial and endothelial cells. (nih.gov)

To understand these mechanisms, spatially resolved quantitative measurements of protein abundance, mobilities and interactions are needed, but current methods have limited capabilities to study dynamic parameters. (nature.com)
Imaging the mobility of heterochromatin protein HP1α (ref. 4 ) in cell nuclei we could provide high-resolution diffusion maps that reveal euchromatin areas with heterochromatin-like HP1α-chromatin interactions. (nature.com)
MP-SPR is proven to be suitable not only for measurement of molecule-molecule interactions but also molecule-material interaction measurements and cell interaction. (mdpi.com)

yet every organism, including humans, has these proteins. (stjude.org)

These proteins play a critical role in the regulation of many physiological processes and are implicated in several environmentally relevant pathologies (e.g., diabetes, cancer, metabolic syndrome, neurological disorders, inflammatory diseases). (nih.gov)
WD40 repeat proteins have a wide range of diverse biological functions including signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, RNA splicing, and transcription. (nih.gov)

Dr. Slavov and his team used a common research technique called mass spectrometry, which breaks down proteins and analyzes their building blocks, but they took steps to enhance the technique. (nih.gov)
The chemical tags were recognizable during mass spectrometry data analysis and were traced back to the individual cells submitted for analysis. (nih.gov)
The team carried out complex experiments to understand the workings of the integrin protein clusters using mass spectrometry, and assembled a list of all the proteins in the system. (manchester.ac.uk)
Proteins differentially expressed between control and SCU-treated group, control and HR group, or HR and SCU + HR group were identified using mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Possible interaction network of these target-related proteins was predicted using bioinformatic analysis. (hindawi.com)

Human spinal cord cell atlas provides foundation to study neurodegeneration, chronic pain, and other diseases. (nih.gov)
Adiponectin, a protein produced by fat cells, may play a pivotal and counterintuitive role in cardiovascular health for older Americans according to a new study accepted for publication in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). (eurekalert.org)
This study shows that this abundant product of fat cells is a marker and perhaps even a mediator of worsened outcomes in persons aged 65 years and older," said Dr. Kizer. (eurekalert.org)
Removing a protein from cells located in the brain's reward center blocks the anxiety-reducing and rewarding effects of nicotine, according to a new animal study. (sciencedaily.com)
These findings show that the rewarding and anxiety-reducing properties of nicotine, thought to play a key role in the development of tobacco addiction, are related to actions at a single set of brain cells," said Paul Kenny, PhD, an expert on drug addiction at Scripps Research Institute, who was unaffiliated with the study. (sciencedaily.com)
Controlling the number or function of immune cells could protect against deadly brain diseases, a review study concludes. (ed.ac.uk)
With the findings from this study, we can begin to understand if this pore acts as a slippery tube that bacterial proteins travel through or if the translocon pore can control the flow of bacterial proteins into our cells. (massgeneral.org)
In one new study, the team discovered that Themis1 works by blocking the activity of a protein called SHP-1, which suppresses T cell activation. (nih.gov)
In a second study, the team focused on a related protein called Themis2 and its role in B cell development. (nih.gov)
A study has outlined how two proteins are instrumental to bringing cholesterol into cells - a finding that has implications for a range of diseases. (news-medical.net)
A study in Nature suggests epitope editing in donor stem cells prior to bone marrow transplants can stave off toxicity when targeting acute myeloid leukemia with immunotherapy. (genomeweb.com)
The new study shows that this protein-called RTEL1-plays an important role in both S-phase and mitosis. (phys.org)
We haven't really been able to study dynamics, to see if a chemical reaction like protein folding varies inside of a living cell," he said. (nanowerk.com)
The study , which was led by Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research member Dr. John Chute, was published online last month ahead of print in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. (uclahealth.org)
In the present study, we checked whether SCU could also protect endothelial cells against simulated IR injury, 12 h hypoxia followed by 12 h reoxygenation. (hindawi.com)
For a comprehensive study of the mechanism of SCU on HCMECs, a proteomic approach (2-DE combined with MS/MS) was used for seeking possible target-related proteins of SCU in HCMECs, both under normal condition and under HR treatment. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, subcellular fractions of cells were separated and used in proteomic analysis to increase the coverage of analysis and study possible cross-talk between different cell organelles. (hindawi.com)
Now, their latest study in PNAS shows that the protein C3 protects insulin-producing cells from damage and death when it is present inside the cells. (lu.se)
We have chosen a different approach that aims to understand what protects the insulin-producing cells," says Anna Blom, professor of protein chemistry at Lund University, who led the study. (lu.se)
Our new study shows that the protein plays a different role when it is located inside the cell. (lu.se)

Prior studies have shown that the DELE1 protein is involved in activating this integrated stress response, but before now, little was known about the protein's molecular structure. (news-medical.net)
The protein structure - backed up with evidence from laboratory experiments and molecular dynamics simulations - led investigators to the solution. (stjude.org)

Gruebele said that in living cells, "You really expect a lot of heterogeneity, that there would be a lot of differences among different areas of the cell, that there might be areas of the cell where the protein might be very stable, and other places where it's very unstable. (nanowerk.com)
The reason for this heterogeneity is that proteins have to thread their way through whatever channel happens to be available, Gruebele said. (nanowerk.com)

Previous studies of TREM2 have shown that this protein helps immune cells clear out certain toxic substances from the brain and that having an abnormal form of TREM2 increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. (nih.gov)
Without TREM2, the immune cells in the brain were not able to destroy and remove toxic TDP-43. (nih.gov)
They were able to manipulate the likelihood of disease development and protect against rapid development through changes to the number or function of certain immune cells. (ed.ac.uk)
Removal of the spleen in studies in mice led to a reduction in the spread of disease, suggesting that lowering the number of immune cells slowed the infection rate. (ed.ac.uk)
Among them, T cells have several important functions, including killing infected or cancerous cells, as well as activating or recruiting other immune cells to join the attack. (nih.gov)

What is a web of protein in the cytoplasm of some cells called? (answers.com)
Here, we report OTUD3 (OTU domain-containing protein 3) functions as a deubiquitylase for IRP2, interacts with IRP2 in the cytoplasm, de-polyubiquitylates, and stabilizes IRP2 protein in an iron-independent manner. (nature.com)

Enhanced overexpression of an HIF-1/hypoxia-related protein in cancer cells. (nih.gov)
Normal cells only have a limited number of divisions, while in cancer cells the cell division goes awry and is uncontrollable. (phys.org)
We were investigating which proteins help cancer cells to use MiDAS. (phys.org)
We believe that this RTEL1 function is critical for any cancer cells that rely on MiDAS, which is more than 80 percent of the known cancer types based on our knowledge. (phys.org)
Therefore, we can use this to design drugs to inhibit RTEL1 and hopefully selectively kill cancer cells," says Ying Liu. (phys.org)
And fellow researcher Dr Jon Humphries said: "Understanding how cells sense their environment is an important step in understanding how, for example, cancer cells move or how stem cells take on different jobs. (manchester.ac.uk)
Liu said that, "This provides the mechanism for how p53 loses its function in cancer cells. (healthjockey.com)
Most of the targeted drugs used to treat kidney cancer work by blocking angiogenesis (growth of the new blood vessels that feed cancers) or important proteins in cancer cells (called tyrosine kinases ) that help them grow and survive. (cancer.org)

When a biodegradable polymer scaffold is placed in aqueous, physiological medium, proteins adsorb onto the scaffold surface. (nist.gov)
To achieve both a fast upward and downward temperature jump, programmed laser pulses are used to pre-heat, spike, plateau, cool and then finally stabilize the temperature in the cell and its aqueous medium at the final value. (nanowerk.com)

Studying protein dynamics in living cells. (nih.gov)

If MiDAS cannot take place, it leads to cell death or mutations in the surviving cells. (phys.org)
In the case of cancer, this means that the cancer cell has the potential to become even more abnormal due to the new mutations," Ying Liu explains. (phys.org)
However, one of the major obstacles in translating these basic science discoveries into safe cell based therapies for patients is the risk of acquiring mutations from viral and DNA vectors that are used to manipulate pluripotent cells into the specific cell types required to treat human diseases. (ca.gov)
In patients, mutations to autophagy-related protein Adaptor Protein 4 (AP-4) are frequently associated with HSP. (nih.gov)

View conserved domains detected in this protein sequence using CD-search. (nih.gov)

Methionine, he explains, is known to play a "bodyguard" role in proteins, serving as a sort of target for reactive oxygen species that cells can easily repair. (nih.gov)
A central role for STAT5 in the transcriptional programing of T helper cell metabolism. (nih.gov)
Abnormal, aggregated forms of TDP-43 protein play a role in the development of certain brain diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) , also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). (nih.gov)
and Tao Jiang, a doctoral student at the University of Maryland College Park, sought to describe how the hair cells and hair cell bundles in the inner ear are formed by exploring the role of Emx2, a protein known to be essential for the development of inner ear structures. (nih.gov)
Looking to other animals to see if Emx2 played the same role, they found that Emx2 reversed hair cell bundle orientation in the zebrafish neuromast, the organ where hair cells with reversed polarity that are sensitive to water movement reside. (nih.gov)
These results suggest that Emx2 plays a key role in establishing the structural basis of hair cell bundle polarity and establishing the LPR. (nih.gov)
Often referred to as the 'powerhouses of the cell,' mitochondria are well known for their role as energy suppliers, but these organelles are also critical for maintaining our overall health. (news-medical.net)
We previously showed that decreased IRP2 levels were observed in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP + )-treated dopaminergic cells [ 25 ], supporting the physiological role of IRP2 in the control of iron balance. (nature.com)
We were able to look at the NPC1 and NPC2 proteins and see exactly the role they play in transporting this LDL cholesterol into the cell. (news-medical.net)
To investigate the previously unexamined role of oligodendrocytes in HSP, we induced autophagy in wild-type oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. (nih.gov)
It has long been known that C3 plays a crucial role for the immune system in the bloodstream where it helps white blood cells to engulf infectious microorganisms. (lu.se)

Remarkably, when the cells were stressed-by exposure to viral or bacterial components, or a toxic chemical such as hydrogen peroxide-up to 14% of the methionine was misplaced onto other tRNAs. (nih.gov)
Targeting these proteins could hamper infection by this bacterial pathogen. (massgeneral.org)
BOSTON - Shigella , a bacterial pathogen that causes dysentery and is the leading cause of childhood diarrheal diseases, inserts a pore called a translocon into an infected person's intestinal cells and then injects bacterial proteins into the cells. (massgeneral.org)
This translocon pore is essentially the gateway through which bacterial proteins get pumped into our cells. (massgeneral.org)
This finding is important because this is the part of the translocon pore that directly interacts with bacterial proteins as they are injected into our cells," explains Chen. (massgeneral.org)

These conditions become increasingly likely as senescent cells accumulate over time. (genengnews.com)

People with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at greater risk than the general population for kidney complications. (cdc.gov)

In addition, to modify a large number of proteins with ubiquitin, human cells rely on hundreds of ubiquitin enzymes that selectively recognize their dedicated targets. (nih.gov)
Human T cell (left) and B cell (right). (nih.gov)
Studies have shown that the Ebola virus enters human cells after binding with the NPC1 protein. (news-medical.net)
An image of MiDAS detected in a cancer cell derived from a human female patient with bone cancer. (phys.org)
Therefore, much research is being done to identify the proteins that play key roles in the cell division of human cells. (phys.org)
The cells of the human body go through a number of divisions, right from the fertilized egg to an adult. (medindia.net)
DNA sequencing reveals that recCas9 catalyzes guide RNA-dependent recombination in human cells with an efficiency as high as 32% on plasmid substrates. (broadinstitute.org)
Finally, we demonstrate that recCas9 expressed in human cells can catalyze in situ deletion between two genomic sites. (broadinstitute.org)
We have generated over 50 transducible proteins that enter the entire population of all cell types tested, including human embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. (ca.gov)
Embryonic stem cell, adult stem cell and induced-pluripotent (iPS) cell research opens the door to promising new medical cell therapeutic applications to treat human diseases that would likely not be accessible by traditional small molecule therapeutics. (ca.gov)

These two findings provide more clues that an interaction has occurred between the two proteins. (nih.gov)
FOXO4 is barely expressed in nonsenescent cells, so that makes the peptide interesting as the FOXO4-p53 interaction is especially relevant to senescent cells, but not normal cells. (genengnews.com)
The interaction between the bromodomain and acetyl-p53 is follows DNA damage and promotes p53-induced transcriptional activation of the CDK inhibitor p21 and cell cycle arrest. (cellsignal.com)

Mice lacking alpha4 receptors in these cells spent less time looking to obtain nicotine compared with normal mice, suggesting the alpha4 receptors are required for the rewarding effects of nicotine. (sciencedaily.com)
They selectively eliminated senescent cells in aging mice, which responded by showing a reversal of age-related loss of fur, poor kidney function, and frailty. (genengnews.com)
They have shown that regular infusions of a peptide that can selectively seek out and destroy senescent cells can improve healthspan in naturally aged mice and mice genetically engineered to rapidly age. (genengnews.com)
Senescent cell therapy is one of several strategies being tested in mice aimed at reversing aging or lengthening healthspan. (genengnews.com)

Dynamics of yeast prion aggregates in single living cells. (nature.com)
Identified in over one hundred proteins from yeast to man, the approximately 110 amino acid bromodomain can bind to acetylated lysine residues. (cellsignal.com)

Such approaches have been used successfully to isolate a number of transporters from kidney, prostate, red blood cells, and other cells, making it possible to understand normal homeostatic mechanisms, as well as those leading to pathology of the homeostatic system. (nih.gov)
Further studies should target this protein to unravel the mechanisms responsible. (eurekalert.org)
The mechanisms by which blood vessel progenitor cells transform into tubes that can carry blood are only beginning to be understood, she said. (scienceblog.com)

Accuracy in this process is essential, since mistakes can result in proteins that don't work or, worse, interfere with cell function. (nih.gov)
Kathryn Bollinger and Sylvia Smith, Augusta University, reported that protein sigma 1 receptor, which is known to protect cells from stress, appears key to the function and survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in culture. (nih.gov)
Ubiquitin is a prominent protein modifier that controls the fate and the function of numerous proteins, and reshapes the proteome during environmental stresses. (nih.gov)
The research revolves around integrins -- a family of proteins that were discovered in the 1980s and are essential for cell growth and function. (manchester.ac.uk)
To achieve this, it is important to understand what is needed for the insulin-producing cells to function well. (lu.se)

The results indicated that proteins such as p27BBP protein (EIF6), heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (HSPD1), and chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 6A isoform (CCT6A) might play important roles in the effects of SCU. (hindawi.com)

Endothelium was an active early participant in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and endothelial cells were particularly susceptible to and actively participate in IR injury [ 8 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Surprisingly, about 1% of the amino acid methionine was attached to the "wrong" tRNAs, or misacylated, in both cells in tissue culture and liver cells in a living mouse. (nih.gov)

In the long term, the knowledge about C3 can be used to develop new treatments aimed at protecting the insulin-producing cells, such as stem cell therapies for treating type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)

Anatomy68

Organisms18

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs75

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Researchers43

Genes6

Mammalian cells6

Body's7

Intracellular5

MRNA4

Proliferation9

Cellular12

20231

Kinase4

Circulating Tumor Cells2

Gene12

Molecules8

Similar proteins2

Vitro7

Biology8

Membrane20

Peptides2

Adsorption5

Flow cytometry3

Fluorescence5

Oxidative stress1

Lineage1

Epithelial cells2

Pathway3

Superfamily1

Regulates4

Regulate1

Neuronal1

Scientists13

Cell's2

Fluorescent5

Immunology1

Transmembrane2

Machinery4

Damaged tissues1

Tumor1

Isoforms1

Interactions3

Humans1

Regulation2

Mass-spectrometry4

Study20

Molecular2

Heterogeneity2

Immune cells5

Cytoplasm2

Cancer cells8

Aqueous2

Dynamics in livin1

Mutations4

Conserved domains1

Role11

Bacterial5

Accumulate1

Sickle Cell Di1

Human10

Interaction3

Mice4

Yeast2

Mechanisms3

Function5

Isoform1

Endothelial1

Amino acid1

Stem cell therapies1