• KDM5A-mediated histone H3 lysine 4 demethylation contributes to silencing of retinoblastoma target genes (Chicas et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Methylation of lysine residues on the tails of histone proteins is a major determinant of the transcription state of associated DNA coding regions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In addition to histone methyltransferases and demethylases which function to modify the methylation state of lysine sidechains, other proteins recognize specific histone methylation marks essentially serving as code readers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Lysine methylation-dependent binding of 53BP1 to the pRb tumor suppressor. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Structure of HP1 chromodomain bound to a lysine 9-methylated histone H3 tail. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Set1p methylates lysine 4 (K4) of histone H3 and regulates the expression of many genes in yeast. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Since 2012, mutations in genes encoding six proteins of the BAF complex were identified in both conditions. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to mutations in TP53 and KRAS, we identify genetic alterations in chromatin remodelling genes, ARID1A and ARID1B, in histone methyltransferase MLL3, in histone deacetylase modifier SPOP and in chromatin assembly factor BAZ1A, in nearly two thirds of cases. (nih.gov)
  • Chromosome 9 likely contains 800 to 900 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
  • Results in deregulation of HOXA genes through recruitment of the histone acetyltransferase CBP / p300 (Thiollier et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Enhancers promote transcription by providing a binding platform for transcription factors [ 12 ] that can act on (distal) target genes through three-dimensional chromatin looping [ 13 - 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. (intechopen.com)
  • Such bending stabilizes nucleosome formation and regulates the expression of select genes upon recruitment by DNA binding proteins. (reliatech.de)
  • Both genes are highly conserved, and their proteins are thought to have 2 functions: (1) formation of a bridge or scaffold between the DNA-binding transcription factors and the RNA polymerase II complex and (2) serving as histone acetyltransferases that open the chromatin structure, a process essential for gene expression. (medscape.com)
  • Significantly, binding of 53BP1 to methyl K810 occurs on E2 promoter binding factor target genes and allows pRb activity to be effectively integrated with the DNA damage response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This loss is accompanied with an increased expression of the histone demethylase Jmjd3 and with the recruitment of the MLL1 protein, and correlates with the expression of the Ink4a/Arf genes. (plos.org)
  • The major event of MBT was the activation of a large group of histones and other genes that modify chromatin structure preceding massive gene expression changes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It's an intricate process guided by these so-called "pioneer" transcription factors that gain access to the tightly packed DNA inside each cell so other specialized proteins can get in and activate the necessary genes. (newswise.com)
  • That opening allows other specialized, regulatory proteins to access the DNA and activate a network of silent genes that leads to the formation of internal organs. (newswise.com)
  • DDB, a putative DNA repair protein, can function as a transcriptional partner of E2F1. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (harvard.edu)
  • The interplay among methylation states and other histone modifications to direct transcriptional outcome is referred to as the histone code. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CBP and EP300 are ubiquitously expressed homologous proteins that act as transcriptional co-activators. (medscape.com)
  • The Trithorax group (TrxG) is composed of diverse, evolutionary conserved proteins that form chromatin-associated complexes accounting for epigenetic transcriptional memory. (silverchair.com)
  • Upon senescence, Jmjd3 is overexpressed and the MLL1 protein is recruited to the locus provoking the dissociation of Polycomb from the INK4/ARF locus, its transcriptional activation and its replication during early S-phase. (plos.org)
  • It may also function in M PHASE CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINTS and as an enhancer of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53-mediated transcriptional activation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Protein synthesis, folding, and tertiary and quaternary structure ultimately determine much of the body's structure and function. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Binding of sequence-specific transcription factors and associated chromatin-modifying enzymes can induce post-translational modification of histone tails and can facilitate nucleosome removal [ 3 - 5 ], which can turn functional sequences such as promoters and enhancers into active, nucleosome-depleted sites [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chromodomain of the HP1 family of proteins recognizes histone tails with specifically methylated lysines. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The mutant MLLT1 protein shows altered binding to acetylated histone tails. (nature.com)
  • A V26M mutation in HP1, which disrupts its gene silencing function, severely destabilizes the H3-binding interface, and abolishes methyl-K9 H3 tail binding. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Brpf1 functions in association with the histone acetyltransferase Moz (Myst3), an interaction mediated by the N-terminal domain of Brpf1, and promotes histone acetylation in vivo. (silverchair.com)
  • For example, the chromo domain of the yeast histone acetyltransferase Esa1 does not interact with methyl- K9 H3, but instead shows preference for unmodified H3 tail. (ox.ac.uk)
  • None of the 4 sera contained antibodies to DNA, histones, RNA, DNA histone complexes, or nonhistone chromosomal proteins. (eurekamag.com)
  • Identification and isolation of damage-recognition protein complexes from zebrafish(Danio rerio) early embryos. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • Unlike the embryonic extract, the extracts of 84-h-old larvae produced only low-shifting binding complexes when incubated with a CPD-specific probe. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • The 48 kDa subunit, RETINOBLASTOMA-BINDING PROTEIN 4 , is also a component of several other protein complexes involved in chromatin remodeling. (nih.gov)
  • Comparison of dimethyl- and trimethyllysine-containing complexes suggests a role for cation-pi and van der Waals interactions, with trimethylation slightly improving the binding affinity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • When cells enter senescence the binding to RD of both PRC1 and PRC2 complexes is lost leading to a decreased level of histone H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). (plos.org)
  • RBPJ/CBF1 interacts with L3MBTL3/MBT1 to promote repression of Notch signaling via histone demethylase KDM1A/LSD1. (harvard.edu)
  • Proteins containing AT-HOOK MOTIFS that are rich in arginine and glycine residues. (uchicago.edu)
  • A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors. (lookformedical.com)
  • NMR studies indicate that the methylated H3 tail binds in a groove of HP1 consisting of conserved residues. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Aurora kinase C is a chromosomal passenger protein that interacts with aurora kinase B in the regulation of MITOSIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • An aurora kinase that is a component of the chromosomal passenger protein complex and is involved in the regulation of MITOSIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. (lookformedical.com)
  • The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters. (lookformedical.com)
  • The zinc finger domain of Tzfp binds to the tbs motif located at the upstream flanking region of the Aie1 (aurora-C) kinase gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • They bind to structural components (emerin, nesprin), chromatin components (histone), signal transduction molecules (protein kinase C), and several gene regulatory molecules. (medscape.com)
  • Here, based on genetic analyses in zebrafish, we identify the multidomain protein Brpf1 as a novel TrxG member with a central role during development. (silverchair.com)
  • In this latest study, the team of researchers, co-led by Makiko Iwafuchi, PhD , who performed the work while at Penn and is now at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, first used in vitro genetic techniques to investigate the interaction of FoxA with chromosomal proteins at the same time it interacts with DNA. (newswise.com)
  • Here, we present structural, energetic, and mutational analyses of the complex between the Drosophila HP1 chromodomain and the histone H3 tail with a methyllysine at residue 9, a modification associated with epigenetic silencing. (ox.ac.uk)
  • sec5 mutations have been identified and characterized in Drosophila in order to delineate the role of the protein in neurons and particularly at synapses. (sdbonline.org)
  • Histones play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. (fishersci.com)
  • The fission yeast homologue of Orc4p binds to replication origin DNA via multiple AT-hooks. (embl.de)
  • The origin recognition complex (ORC) was originally identified in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a protein that specifically binds to origins of DNA replication. (embl.de)
  • HMG-box domains are found in one or more copies in HMG-box proteins, which form a large, diverse family involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, and strand repair, all of which require the bending and unwinding of chromatin. (embl.de)
  • The encoded protein also functions in mitochondrial DNA replication and repair. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, we show that the Polycomb protein BMI1 interacts with CDC6, an essential regulator of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. (plos.org)
  • Finally, we demonstrate that Polycomb proteins and associated epigenetic marks are crucial for the control of the replication timing of the INK4a/ARF locus during senescence. (plos.org)
  • The C-terminal domain shows strong sequence similarity to human, frog, and yeast Orc4 proteins, including conserved ATP-binding motifs. (embl.de)
  • Here we show that the triphosphatase (Pct1) and guanylyltransferase (Pce1) enzymes of the fission yeast capping apparatus bind independently to the elongation factor Spt5. (mskcc.org)
  • The exocyst complex, a set of eight proteins first identified from secretory mutants in yeast, is an attractive candidate for mediating directed traffic. (sdbonline.org)
  • DNA unwinding component of the nonhistone chromatin proteins. (tamu.edu)
  • A subclass of nonhistone chromatin proteins from rat liver, previously shown to exhibit high affinity for DNA, has been fractionated by single-stranded DNA-agarose affinity chromatography. (tamu.edu)
  • This nonhistone protein fraction specific for single strands binds to DNA in a non-species-specific manner, and causes helix-coil transition of synthetic poly[d(A-T)-d(A-T)] at 25 degrees, as indicated by the increase in absorbance of ultraviolet light at 260 nm. (tamu.edu)
  • Assessment of microglial activation in lesioned sites and protein markers for proinflammatory, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, and HMGB1 were used to evaluate neuroinflammatory responses and anti-inflammation effects of ω-3 PUFA supplementation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein pRb is a key regulator of cell cycle progression and mediator of the DNA damage response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We show here that methyl K810 is read by the tandem tudor domain containing tumor protein p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Post translationally, histones are modified in a variety of ways to either directly change the chromatin structure or allow for the binding of specific transcription factors. (fishersci.com)
  • The high-mobility group (HMG) domain is a DNA-binding motif that is shared abundant non-histone components of chromatin and by specific regulators of transcription and cell differentiation. (embl.de)
  • Mechanistically, FSH, via binding to hepatic FSHRs, activates the Gi2α/β-arrestin-2/Akt pathway and subsequently inhibits the binding of FoxO1 with the SREBP-2 promoter, thus preventing FoxO1 from repressing SREBP-2 gene transcription. (nature.com)
  • A hallmark of events observed during segmentation was the induction of multiple transcription factors, including a large group of homeobox proteins in pace with decay of a large fraction of maternal transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A key feature of LMO2 is its function as part of a multi-protein complex, where it directly interacts with transcription factors that are essential during normal haematopoietic development, such as TAL1, GATA, LDB1 and E proteins. (bham.ac.uk)
  • High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an important mediator in late inflammatory responses, interacts with transmembrane receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) to activate downstream signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, leading to a cascade amplification of inflammatory responses, which are related to neuronal damage after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First within the nucleus, binds to DNA and acts as a regulator and second, outside the cell, interacts with receptors for inflammation as a signal molecule. (jceionline.org)
  • A homogeneous method for investigation of methylation-dependent protein-protein interactions in epigenetics. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Herein, we present the design and implementation of a homogeneous, miniaturizable, and sensitive assay for histone methylation-dependent interactions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Emerin is a ubiquitous inner nuclear membraneprotein, presentin nearly all cell types, although its highest expression is in skeletal and cardiacmuscle.Emerin binds to many nuclear proteins, including several gene-regulatory proteins (eg, barrier-to-autointegration factor, germ cell-less, Btf), nesprins (proteins that act as molecular scaffolds), F-actin, and lamins. (medscape.com)
  • The HMG family of proteins comprises members with multiple HMG domains that bind DNA with low sequence specificity, and members with single HMG domains that recognize specific nucleotide sequences. (embl.de)
  • Recent studies show that heterochromatin-associated protein-1 (HP1) recognizes a 'histone code' involving methylated Lys9 (methyl-K9) in histone H3. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here we use a biochemical approach to identify a protein, Isw1p, which recognizes chromatin preferentially when it is di- and trimethylated at K4 H3. (ox.ac.uk)
  • contains repeated motifs (GLFG and FG) in N-term and a RNA binding motif in C-term. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Small DNA-binding motif first described in the high mobility group non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-I(Y). (embl.de)
  • The N-terminal domain contains nine copies of the AT-hook motif found in a number of DNA-binding proteins, including the members of the HMG-I(Y) family of chromatin proteins. (embl.de)
  • The AT-hook is a small DNA-binding protein motif which was first described in the high mobility group non-histone chromosomal protein HMG-I(Y). Since its discovery, this motif has been observed in other DNA-binding proteins from a wide range of organisms. (embl.de)
  • In general, it appears that the AT-hook motif is an auxiliary protein motif cooperating with other DNA-binding activities and facilitating changes in the structure of the DNA either as a polypeptide on its own [e.g. (embl.de)
  • It is most interesting that this motif seems to be quite specific to known or predicted chromosomal/DNA-binding proteins, suggesting that it may act as a versatile minor groove tether. (embl.de)
  • The solution structure of an HMG-I(Y)-DNA complex defines a new architectural minor groove binding motif. (embl.de)
  • The C-terminal domain of the 990-amino acid Schizosaccharomyces pombe Spt5 protein, composed of repeats of a nonapeptide motif (consensus sequence TPAWNSGSK), is necessary and sufficient for binding to the capping enzymes in vivo (in a two-hybrid assay) and in vitro. (mskcc.org)
  • The zinc finger domain of Tzfp binds to the TGTACAGTGT motif (Tzfp binding site, termed tbs) located at the upstream flanking sequence of the Aie1 gene by gel mobility shift, DNase I footprinting, and competition analyses. (lookformedical.com)
  • A maximum of 2.9% of the nuclear RNA and 0.7% of the protein bound to anti-nRNP but not to control IgG columns. (eurekamag.com)
  • A fraction of the bound antigen, comprising less than 0.15% of the total nuclear protein, was isolated in antigenically active form. (eurekamag.com)
  • There were no polypeptides in the isolated antigen which corresponded in MW to the core proteins of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) particles described by other investigators. (eurekamag.com)
  • We have classified these motifs into three types according to their sequence similarity and have found that they are prevalent in many eukaryotic nuclear proteins in single or multiple copies. (embl.de)
  • It was originally discovered as a nuclear protein that could bend DNA. (reliatech.de)
  • A nuclear and cytoplasmic protein that associates with KINETOCHORES and contains a C-terminal TUDOR DOMAIN. (bvsalud.org)
  • This complex includes nuclear membrane integral and associated proteins including emerin, lamin A/C, SUN1, SUN2, nesprin-1, and nesprin-2 that are proposed to form a mechanical link between the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
  • EDMD1 is caused by mutations in the EMD gene on the X chromosome that codes for the nuclear envelope protein emerin. (medscape.com)
  • New mutations have been found in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 ( SYNE1 ) gene and in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 2 ( SYNE2 ) gene in a few families, also termed Nesprin-1 and Nesprin-2, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Whatever the true mechanism, the discovery of mutations in several different nuclear membrane proteins that cause similar diseases will likely eventually lead to a better understanding of nuclear membrane physiology and the pathophysiology of diseases caused by mutations in these proteins. (medscape.com)
  • Our results suggest that in young cells Polycomb proteins are recruited to the INK4/ARF locus through CDC6 and the resulting silent locus is replicated during late S-phase. (plos.org)
  • The binding RNA and protein to anti-nRNP columns was greatly reduced by treating the crude antigen with pancreatic RNase A before chromatography. (eurekamag.com)
  • The following chromosomal conditions are associated with changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 9. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 9q22.3 microdeletion is a chromosomal change in which a small piece of the long (q) arm of chromosome 9 is deleted in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NMR spectra show that methyl-K9 binding of HP1 occurs via its chromo (chromosome organization modifier) domain. (ox.ac.uk)
  • AT hooks are DNA-binding motifs with a preference for A/T rich regions. (embl.de)
  • AT-hook motifs are known from biochemical and structural studies to mediate binding to the minor groove of AT-tracts in DNA. (embl.de)
  • AT-hook motifs identified in a wide variety of DNA-binding proteins. (embl.de)
  • Using pattern searches and position-dependent matrices, we have extracted the AT-hook motifs present in a non-redundant protein sequence database. (embl.de)
  • Furthermore, AT-hook motifs are frequently associated with known functional domains seen in chromatin proteins and in DNA-binding proteins (e.g. histone folds, homeodomains and zinc fingers). (embl.de)
  • We demonstrate that diphosphorylated pSer-Asp-pThr-Asp motifs, recently identified as multicopy docking sites within Mdc1, are evolutionarily conserved Nbs1 binding targets. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hence, TADs are believed to represent structural chromosomal units that are of functional importance for the regulatory cross talk that determines gene expression programs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused, in most classic cases, by mutations in the X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene (MECP2). (nih.gov)
  • Disruption of the human CBP gene, either by gross chromosomal rearrangements or by point mutations, leads to Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • These MLLT1 mutations were associated with changes in binding to H3K9ac, evidence of HOX and MYC (MYC-C) expression dysregulation, and were often accompanied by CTNNB1 mutations and evidence of Wnt pathway activation. (nature.com)
  • In 5 of 6 gene mutations that have been shown to cause EDMD, the affected protein is present in the LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex. (medscape.com)
  • Lastly, mutations in the transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43), also termed LUMA, which binds to emerin and SUN2, has also been reported to cause an EDMD phenotype in a few families. (medscape.com)
  • We use AlphaScreen, a chemiluminescence-based technique, to monitor the interactions of chromodomains (MPP8, HP1beta and CHD1), tudor domains (JMJD2A) and plant homeodomains (RAG2) with their cognate trimethyllysine histone partners. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In addition, the differentiation of mouse myeloid progenitors showed the requirement of PRMT5 for cell proliferation and that loss of PRMT5 enzymatic activity leads to a defect in myeloid differentiation, as well as chromosomal instability. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Investigating proteins that interact with LMO2 in human T-ALL cell lines, using pulldown assays followed by mass spectrometry, revealed protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a potential interacting partner of LMO2. (bham.ac.uk)
  • The locus of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is located on band 16p13.3, which includes a gene encoding a binding protein for cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein (CBP) ( CREBBP or CBP gene) that is responsible for the phenotype of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • H3 along with four core histone proteins binds to DNA forming the structure of the nucleosome. (fishersci.com)
  • The N-terminal tail of histone H3 protrudes from the globular nucleosome core and can undergo several different types of post-translational modifications that influence cellular processes. (fishersci.com)
  • The EP300 gene on band 22q13 encodes a protein, p300, that is highly similar to CREBBP. (medscape.com)
  • The utility of the method was demonstrated by profiling the binding specificities of chromo- and tudor domains toward several histone marks. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Specificity of the HP1 chromo domain for the methylated N-terminus of histone H3. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Zaret's lab continues to investigate FoxA and other pioneer factors to learn how they may open up the chromatin and interact with chromosomal proteins, similar to FoxA or perhaps in other ways. (newswise.com)
  • HMG-I(Y)] or as part of a multidomain protein [e.g. (embl.de)
  • This facilitates TrkAIII tk-mediated binding of gamma-tubulin, which is regulated by endogenous protein tyrosine phosphatases and geldanamycin-sensitive interaction with Hsp90, paving the way for TrkAIII recruitment to the centrosome. (cnr.it)
  • Using fluorescence anisotropy and isothermal titration calorimetry, we determined that this interaction occurs with a K(D) of approximately 100 microM, with the binding enthalpically driven. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This Histone H3 acetyl antibody was raised against a peptide including acetyl-lysines contained in the N-terminal tail of histone H3. (fishersci.com)
  • The histone tail inserts as a beta strand, completing the beta-sandwich architecture of the chromodomain. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Human High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), previously known as HMG1 or amphoterin, is a member of the high mobility group box family of non- histone chromosomal proteins. (reliatech.de)
  • Human HMGB1 is expressed as a 30 kDa, 215 amino acid (aa) single chain polypeptide containing three domains: two N-terminal globular, 70 aa positively charged DNA-binding domains (HMG boxes A and B), and a negatively charged 30 aa C-terminal region that contains only Asp and Glu. (reliatech.de)
  • High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a non-histone chromosomal protein with dual activity. (jceionline.org)
  • Ugrinova I, Pasheva E. HMGB1 Protein: A Therapeutic Target Inside and Outside the Cell. (jceionline.org)
  • Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation. (jceionline.org)
  • A critical cysteine is required for HMGB1 binding to Toll-like receptor 4 and activation of macrophage cytokine release. (jceionline.org)
  • A competitive binding assay indicated that both CPDs and 6-4PPs were recognized by the same binding activity expressed in 12-h-old zebrafish. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • They hypothesized that sticky DNA prevents the enzyme RNA polymerase from copying the frataxin gene into messenger RNA, thereby reducing the amount of frataxin protein in patient cells. (curefa.org)
  • ChIP-sequencing analysis, using antibodies recognising PRMT5, LMO2 and RUNX1, showed overlapping peaks in T-ALL, confirming a functional relationship between these proteins. (bham.ac.uk)
  • A gene, the basic unit of heredity, is a segment of DNA containing all the information necessary to synthesize a polypeptide (protein) or a functional RNA molecule. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In this report, we describe a testis zinc finger protein (Tzfp) that binds to the upstream flanking sequence of the Aie1 gene. (lookformedical.com)