• Transport of proteins across membranes is a fundamental process, achieved in every cell by the 'Sec' translocon. (elifesciences.org)
  • The encapsulation and compartmentalisation of cells has necessitated the evolution of machineries that conduct proteins across membranes, including for protein secretion and organellar import. (elifesciences.org)
  • Significant translocation of PKB to membranes could not be demonstrated after insulin stimulation, but peroxovanadate, which appeared to activate PI 3-kinase to a higher extent than insulin, induced substantial translocation. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, when SRP(-54G) was assayed for its ability to promote the translocation of preprolactin across microsomal membranes, it was completely inactive, apparently because it was unable to interact normally with the SRP receptor. (escholarship.org)
  • The import of nuclear-encoded proteins into chloroplasts is tightly controlled on both sides of the envelope membranes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • SecA belongs to the large class of ATPases that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to perform mechanical work resulting in protein translocation across membranes , protein degradation , and unfolding. (bvsalud.org)
  • 4) Protein translocation across membranes. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The aim of the proposed challenging project is to develop a new method, using which we will elucidate the relationship between protein sequence and preferred composition and curvature of human membranes. (muni.cz)
  • Enhanced translocation of amphiphilic peptides across membranes by transmembrane proteins. (muni.cz)
  • Selecting Collective Variables and Free Energy Methods for Peptide Translocation Across Membranes. (muni.cz)
  • yet, so we currently work on problems related to protein transport across membranes and post-translational modification of proteins. (caltech.edu)
  • The first two systems, Sec and Tat, are pathways for proteins to be translocated across membranes. (caltech.edu)
  • The gating of this protein-selective pore has been extensively studied in patch clamp experiments on isolated mitochondrial membranes. (frontiersin.org)
  • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an extensive network of membranes that folds, modifies, and transports proteins in eukaryotic cells. (cshlpress.com)
  • Regulation of protein kinase B in rat adipocytes by insulin, vanadate, and peroxovanadate. (lu.se)
  • Protein kinase B (PKB) (also referred to as RAC/Akt kinase) has been shown to be controlled by various growth factors, including insulin, using cell lines and transfected cells. (lu.se)
  • The translocation was prevented by wortmannin, suggesting that PI 3-kinase and/or the 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides generated by PI 3-kinase are indeed involved in the membrane targeting of PKB. (lu.se)
  • article{0fcf3a70-8196-471a-9734-a40f17e71bcc, abstract = {{Protein kinase B (PKB) (also referred to as RAC/Akt kinase) has been shown to be controlled by various growth factors, including insulin, using cell lines and transfected cells. (lu.se)
  • One of the important targets of dopamine D 4 receptors in prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the multifunctional Ca 2+ /calmodulindependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation, substrate transporter translocation, and metabolism in the contracting hyperthyroid rat heart. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This was accompanied by a 70% increase in phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and a 100% increase in phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase, confirming downstream signaling from AMPK. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Thus, in isovolumic perfused guinea pig hearts, we characterized stretch-mediated phosphatidylinositol (PI) hydrolysis and protein kinase C (PKC) isoform translocation using elevated diastolic pressure. (wustl.edu)
  • Glutamate excitation induced a rapid alteration in the AMP:ATP ratio that was associated with the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (jneurosci.org)
  • Notably, inhibition of the CaMKK (calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase) had little affect on GLUT translocation, whereas the inhibition or knockdown of AMPK (compound C, siRNA) activity prevented GLUT3 translocation to the cell surface after glutamate excitation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Previously, we have shown in a mouse model that exposure to hog dust extract (HDE) collected from a CAFO results in the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), elevated lavage fluid cytokines/chemokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the development of significant lung pathology. (cdc.gov)
  • Increased adhesion of the cancer cells depended on activation of cyclooxygenase-2, an enzyme that is involved in progression of colon cancers, whereas adhesion of the intestinal epithelial cells was augmented by LTD4-induced translocation of protein kinase C to areas where integrins bind to matrix proteins (focal adhesions). (lu.se)
  • This method relies on a rapamycin-mediated interaction between the FRB- and FKBP12-binding domains to relocalize nuclear proteins of interest to the cytoplasm. (tau.ac.il)
  • We demonstrate a rapid nuclear depletion of abundant proteins as proof of principle. (tau.ac.il)
  • In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, tumor cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and high nuclear grade are often arranged in large nests with a delicate, intervening vascular stroma. (medscape.com)
  • Although the S protein is a surface transmembrane type 1 glycoprotein, it has been predicted to be translocated into the nucleus due to the novel nuclear localization signal (NLS) "PRRARSV," which is absent from the S protein of other coronaviruses. (nebraska.edu)
  • S mRNA colocalizes with S protein, aiding the nuclear translocation of S mRNA. (nebraska.edu)
  • While nuclear translocation of nucleoprotein (N) has been shown in many coronaviruses, the nuclear translocation of both S mRNA and S protein reveals a novel feature of SARS-CoV-2. (nebraska.edu)
  • Nuclear translocation of p21 was not required for its degradation, but rather promoted DNA repair and cell survival. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Bik but not BikL61G interacts with and suppresses nuclear translocation of phospho-ERK1/2, and suppression of ERK1/2 activation inhibits IFNγ- and Bik-induced cell death. (silverchair.com)
  • Intrinsically disordered regions in Pex13 and Pex5 resemble those found in nuclear pore complex proteins. (tcdb.org)
  • The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • To demonstrate its versatility, we implemented and validated the assay in vitro and in vivo for the bacterial Sec system and the mitochondrial protein import apparatus. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • The TIM23 complex is a hub for translocation of preproteins into or across the mitochondrial inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • The biogenesis of most proteins in the mitochondrial matrix and the inner membrane relies on the function of the TIM23 complex. (frontiersin.org)
  • In bacteria, this comprises SecY, SecE and usually SecG, with the protein-conducting pore running through the centre of SecY. (elifesciences.org)
  • showing the cavities through the channel, with the protein in grey surface, the pre-protein pore constrictions in red (SecY) or purple (SecA) mesh, and the SecY plug in red helix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Simulations of a protein translocation pore: SecY. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The core of the TIM23 complex contains a pore that is essential for protein insertion into or translocation across the inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • The translocation was blocked by inhibiting the phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca 2+ signaling. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Thus, our results show that D 4 receptor activation induces the synaptic translocation of CaMKII through a mechanism involving Ca 2+ /calmodulin and F-actin, which facilitates the regulation of synaptic targets of CaMKII, such as AMPA receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Phosphorylation of the receptor protein Pex5p modulates import of proteins into peroxisomes. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
  • The deubiquitination of the PTS1-import receptor Pex5p is required for peroxisomal matrix protein import. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
  • In contrast to stretch-mediated inositol phosphate accumulation, PKCε translocation is not prevented by AT 1 receptor blockade, indicating that this PKC isoform can be activated in response to mechanical deformation by an Ang II-independent mechanism in the adult myocardium. (wustl.edu)
  • In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the minimal transport machinery includes the membrane proteins Pex13 and Pex14 and the cargo-protein-binding transport receptor, Pex5. (tcdb.org)
  • The CysLT1 receptor that specifically serves as receptor for leukotriene D4 (LTD4) has been identified as a G-protein coupled receptor. (lu.se)
  • abstract = "This chapter introduces a novel model, "evolution of protein domains" (EvoProDom), to describe the evolution of proteins. (biu.ac.il)
  • abstract = "Most bacterial exported proteins cross the cytoplasmic membrane as unfolded polypeptides. (elsevierpure.com)
  • abstract = "AS160, a novel Akt substrate of 160 kDa, contains a Rab GTP aseactivating protein (GAP) domain. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • This approach permits discrimination of different populations of a cell surface protein: those properly translocated to the plasma membrane from those retained in the secretory pathway or already internalized ( e.g. upon ligand binding). (neb.com)
  • Such neuronal translocation constitutes an additional not generally recognized clearance pathway for inhaled solid UFP, whose significance for humans, however, still needs to be estab- lished. (cdc.gov)
  • Calcium regulation of chloroplast protein translocation is mediated by calmodulin binding to Tic32. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results suggest that redox modulation and calcium regulation of chloroplast protein import convene at the Tic translocon and that both could be mediated by Tic32. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Regulation of peroxisomal matrix protein import by ubiquitination. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
  • We previously reported that UV induced rapid proteasomal degradation of p21 protein in an ubiquitination-independent manner. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Before cytosolic degradation, however, p21 protein translocated to and transiently accumulated in the nucleus. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Usually, protein transport occurs before the nascent protein has folded. (elifesciences.org)
  • The models of the active mitoribosome explain how mRNA binds through a dedicated protein platform on the small subunit, tRNA is translocated with the help of the protein mL108, bridging it with L1 stalk on the large subunit, and nascent polypeptide paths through a newly shaped exit tunnel involving a series of structural rearrangements. (nature.com)
  • Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of posttranslational protein translocation through the ER membrane. (planteome.org)
  • Here we identify cotranslational and posttranslational folding intermediates of a periplasmic protein in which the protein and DsbA, a periplasmic disulfide bond-forming enzyme, are covalently linked by a disulfide bond. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This analysis reveals that two cysteines that are joined to form a structural disulfide can play different roles during the folding reaction and that the mode of translocation (cotranslational verse posttranslational) can affect the folding process of a protein in the periplasm. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Mgr2p/Romo1 bridges TIM23 to the presequence translocase-associated motor (PAM) and is thought to regulate the lateral release of proteins harboring stop-transfer sequences. (frontiersin.org)
  • ATP-driven processes of peroxisomal matrix protein import. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
  • 2011) addresses two of these aspects, the translocation of soluble proteins into the peroxisomal matrix and the biogenesis of the peroxisomal membrane. (tcdb.org)
  • Major gaps in our understanding of this process arise due the poor sensitivity, low time resolution and irreproducibility of translocation assays. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Genetic analysis of protein function requires a rapid means of inactivating the gene under study. (tau.ac.il)
  • Translocation carcinoma is a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype that harbors a translocation involving a member of the microphthalmia transcription factor gene family. (medscape.com)
  • These translocations most commonly involve the TFE3 gene on locus Xp11.2 and less commonly involve the TFEB gene on locus 6p21. (medscape.com)
  • Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
  • As an example TP 53 refers to the gene and p53 refers to the protein. (cancerquest.org)
  • Mice were sacrificed at 0, 28, and 84 d post-exposure with lung, liver, and aorta collected for microarray-based gene expression profiling analyzed in conjunction with alterations in lavage proteins, alveolar macrophage function, histopathology, extrathoracic translocation, and systemic effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • Indeed, S proteins translocate into the nucleus in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. (nebraska.edu)
  • Contributors examine how proteins translocate across the ER membrane, the processes that occur inside the ER lumen (e.g., folding, glycosylation, and disulfide bond formation), and how the proteins are packaged into vesicles and transported to the Golgi. (cshlpress.com)
  • The membrane bound docking subcomplex includes several Pex proteins, Pex13p, 14p and 17p. (tcdb.org)
  • We found that activation of D 4 receptors, but not D 2 receptors, induced a rapid translocation of α-CaMKII from cytosol to postsynaptic sites in cultured PFC neurons. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Pex4p is a membrane protein that may facilitate cycling of Pex5p back to the cytosol. (tcdb.org)
  • The bulk of protein secretion and membrane protein insertion is conducted by the ubiquitous Sec translocon. (elifesciences.org)
  • Over two dozen proteins involved in protein import and membrane insertion, peroxins, encoded by PEX genes, have been characterized. (tcdb.org)
  • Most peroxisomal membrane proteins do not have PTS1 or PTS2, and insertion requires several peroxins distinct from those required for import of soluble matrix proteins. (tcdb.org)
  • Rowley had identified the first "translocation" in cancer, providing clear evidence that the cause of CML could be related to the fact that by moving from one chromosome to another, the aberrant segment of chromosome 22 was no longer sitting next to genes that controlled its behavior. (laskerfoundation.org)
  • Rowley and her colleagues subsequently identified several other signal chromosome translocations, including one characteristic of acute myeloblastic leukemia. (laskerfoundation.org)
  • Overall, this technology represents a major step forward, providing a powerful new tool for fundamental mechanistic enquiry of protein translocation and for inhibitor (drug) screening, with an intensity and rigor unattainable through classical methods. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • We have characterized an AMP-mediated activation of AMPK that facilitates the translocation of GLUT3 to the neuronal cell surface after excitation. (jneurosci.org)
  • In prokaryotes, SecYEG associates with the motor ATPase SecA to carry out translocation for pre-protein secretion. (elifesciences.org)
  • SecA translocates polypeptides through the SecY membrane channel during protein secretion in bacteria , but how it achieves directed peptide movement is unclear. (bvsalud.org)
  • We are currently focused on three processes involved in protein secretion. (caltech.edu)
  • Deletion of Mgr2p has been found to delay protein translocation into the matrix and accumulation in the inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • This result and other findings suggested that Mgr2p controls the lateral release of inner membrane proteins harboring a stop-transfer signal that follows an N-terminal amino acid signal. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, the signal sequence is cleaved and the pre-protein is either folded or trafficked onwards. (elifesciences.org)
  • GTPase domain of the 54-kD subunit of the mammalian signal recognition particle is required for protein translocation but not for signal sequence binding. (escholarship.org)
  • Analysis of the signal sequence binding activity of free SRP54 and SRP54M supports the conclusion that SRP54M binds signal sequences with lower affinity than the intact protein. (escholarship.org)
  • Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
  • This platform allows us to monitor proton translocation across a lipid bilayer quantitatively at ms time resolution and high sensitivity. (lu.se)
  • The platform may be used for functional investigations of important membrane proteins, as well as investigating lipid bilayers of different composition. (lu.se)
  • A combination of molecular simulation with hydrogendeuterium-exchange mass spectrometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal an asymmetry across the membrane: ATP-induced conformational changes in the cytosolic cavity promote unfolded pre-protein structure, while the exterior cavity favours its formation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Here, we use single-molecule FRET to derive a model that couples ATP hydrolysis -dependent conformational changes of SecA with protein translocation . (bvsalud.org)
  • In general, cell adhesion favours cell survival signalling, and integrins are the main receptors responsible for mediating the attachment of different types of cells to matrix proteins. (lu.se)
  • In particular, principal components analysis of the simulation trajectory has been used to probe the intrinsic flexibility of the isolated SecY protein in the absence of the gamma-subunit (SecE) clamp. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Binding of mRNA requires extended mitoribosomal proteins of the small subunit, and movement of tRNA is realized through additional proteins of the large subunit. (nature.com)
  • This protein is the full-length p52 subunit and partial p100 subunit. (abcam.com)
  • This dual sorting mechanism is currently being investigated, and in yeast appears to be regulated by a recently discovered subunit, the Mgr2 protein. (frontiersin.org)
  • The finger retracts during ATP hydrolysis , while the clamp domain of SecA tightens around the polypeptide , preserving progress of translocation. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have therefore used isolated rat adipocytes to examine the mechanisms, including membrane translocation, whereby insulin and the insulin-mimicking agents vanadate and peroxovanadate control PKB. (lu.se)
  • Insulin-stimulated glycolytic rates and lactate efflux rates were increased by 33% in hyperthyroid rat hearts, mediated by an increased insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the sarcolemma. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Organelle Biogenesis and Protein Translocation. (hhmi.org)
  • C-terminal PTS1 [(SAC)-(KRH)-(LM)] and N-terminal PTS2 [(RK)-(LIV)-X 5 -(HQ)-(LA)] targeting sequences are recognized by Pex5p and Pex7p, respectively, which may shuttle with the substrate protein to the peroxisomal lumen. (tcdb.org)
  • Protein synthesis in mitochondria supports bioenergetics of eukaryotic cells and is executed by dedicated mitoribosomes. (nature.com)
  • The second is the essential eukaryotic process of protein glycosylation by which sugars are added specifically to proteins. (caltech.edu)
  • Moreover, D 4 receptors failed to induce CaMKII translocation in the presence of an actin stabilizer, and D 4 activation reduced the binding of CaMKII to F-actin. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Some 700 approved therapies in the United States - roughly a third of all drugs on the market - target G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). (nature.com)
  • Mitoribosomes are specialized protein synthesis machineries in mitochondria. (nature.com)
  • To provide a representative reference for studying protein synthesis in the mitochondria of fungi, and to reveal how the mitoribosome functions in coordination with its translation partners, we determined structures of the translating mitoribosome from the representative fungal model organism Neurospora crassa . (nature.com)
  • Therefore, to provide a reference for the process of protein synthesis in mitochondria, we set out to investigate the functional translation apparatus from the model organism N. crassa . (nature.com)
  • We are also interested in the general problem of the over-expression and synthesis of membrane proteins. (caltech.edu)
  • Initially, a full description of the model was included with and its application to a collection of 109 organisms with full genomic and proteome data, including protein domain content and orthologous protein annotation predicted from sequences. (biu.ac.il)
  • Translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) arise from the proximal tubule epithelium, similar to conventional clear cell and papillary RCCs. (medscape.com)
  • Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas are generally cortical or subcapsular, well-circumscribed lesions with yellow-tan, variegated cut surfaces. (medscape.com)
  • In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), cells typically have voluminous cytoplasm, which can range from eosinophilic and granular to clear. (medscape.com)
  • Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) may have well-developed papillae, mimicking papillary RCCs. (medscape.com)
  • The nests of tumor cells in Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas may become centrally discohesive, giving rise to a pseudoalveolar growth pattern. (medscape.com)
  • Analysis of systemic effects showed minimal to no changes in liver or aorta transcriptomics, 58 analyzed plasma proteins, or liver and renal histopathology. (cdc.gov)
  • Many mechanistic features and protein constituents are still ill defined. (tcdb.org)
  • SecY is the central channel protein of the SecYEbeta translocon, the structure of which has been determined by X-ray diffraction. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using affinity-chromatography on calmodulin-agarose, we could identify the inner envelope translocon component Tic32 as the predominant calmodulin-binding protein of this membrane. (ox.ac.uk)
  • SNAP-tag, CLIP-tag™ and cell surface-specific ACP/MCP-tag systems can specifically label subpopulations of target proteins expressed on the cell surface using non-cell permeable substrates (3). (neb.com)
  • The peroxisomal protein import machinery, which shares similarities with chloroplasts, is unique in transporting folded and large (up to 10 nm in diameter) protein complexes into peroxisomes. (tcdb.org)
  • The main strategy was to examine the changes in AQP2 translocation in response to small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated AS160 knock down in mouse cortical collecting duct cells (M-1 cells and mpkCCDc14 cells).Short-term dDAVP treatment in M-1 cells stimulated phosphorylation of Akt (S473) and AS160, which was also seen in mpkCCDc14 cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The latter finding leads us to propose that the activity of the ribosome (translation) can modulate protein folding even in an extracytosolic compartment. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Protein translocation by the SecA ATPase occurs by a power-stroke mechanism. (bvsalud.org)
  • EHEC causes nonbloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic cell as part of the translocation mechanism (8). (cdc.gov)
  • We conclude from our study that the CNS can be targeted by airborne solid ultrafine particles and that the most likely mechanism is from deposits on the olfactory mucosa of the nasopha- ryngeal region of the respiratory tract and subsequent translocation via the olfactory nerve. (cdc.gov)
  • We subsequently demonstrated the dynamic capabilities of the approach by capturing translocation events following EGF stimulation, which we integrated into a quantitative model. (elifesciences.org)
  • Extended (15 ns) MD simulations of the isolated SecY protein in a phospholipid bilayer have been performed to explore the relationship between protein flexibility and the mechanisms of channel gating. (ox.ac.uk)
  • An engineered nanopore translocates untagged full-length proteins by electroosmotic force. (nature.com)
  • Protein translocation is a fundamental process in biology. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • 2) Host protein function. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Protein function is critically determined by subcellular localization, as organelles offer different chemical environments and interaction partners. (elifesciences.org)
  • In particular, the TAP1 and TAP2 proteins aid the function of MHC class I proteins . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lectures and recitation introducing the molecular basis of life processes, with emphasis on the structure and function of proteins. (caltech.edu)
  • Combining spatial and abundance information yielded an unprecedented quantitative view of HeLa cell anatomy and organellar composition, at the protein level. (elifesciences.org)
  • Dynamic Organellar Maps enable the proteome-wide analysis of physiological protein movements, without requiring any reagents specific to the investigated process, and will thus be widely applicable in cell biology. (elifesciences.org)
  • Proteins are the tools and machines of the cell, and each organelle has its own set of proteins that it requires to work correctly. (elifesciences.org)
  • Each cell contains ten or more organelles, and several thousand different types of proteins. (elifesciences.org)
  • The location of many proteins in a cell is unclear or simply not known. (elifesciences.org)
  • set out to develop a method that reveals the locations of all the proteins in a cell at any given time. (elifesciences.org)
  • The resulting technique maps the location of most of the proteins in a human cancer cell line and, in addition, determines how many copies of each protein there are. (elifesciences.org)
  • We report here that BTA-EG 4 decreases Aβ levels, alters cell surface expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), and improves memory in wild-type mice. (jneurosci.org)
  • Proteins targeted to the peroxisome (in plants called glyoxisomes) are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the cell and are targeted to the peroxisome post-translationally, possibly via multiple pathways. (tcdb.org)
  • Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell-cell and cell-matrix complexes of epithelial cells are interconnected through cytoskeletal filaments and proteins, and they influence the activities and outcome of various cellular processes. (lu.se)
  • We found that LTD4 caused dramatic changes in the actin cytoskeleton in intestinal epithelial cells, and an important factor in this context was the impact of this leukotriene on the actin-binding protein vinculin, which included inducing translocation of vinculin from a cell-cell to a cell-matrix complex. (lu.se)
  • The TAP1 and TAP2 proteins attach (bind) together to form a protein complex called transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) complex. (medlineplus.gov)