Proportion cell size. Medical search. Frequent questions

Furthermore, we augmented cell-free RNA network analysis with single-cell RNA sequencing data which enables the contextualization of the identified network modules with cell-type specific transcriptomes from the liver. (frontiersin.org)
An analysis integrating single-cell RNA-sequencing data identifies a subset of excitatory neurons preferentially expressing the genes hit by deleterious mutations, which are also characterized by high expression of developmental disorder genes. (nature.com)

Patients with hepatic disease and obstructive jaundice have macrocytosis that is secondary to increased deposition of cholesterol or phospholipids on the membranes of circulating red blood cells (RBCs). (medscape.com)

During the second phase the growth of these domains is controlled by the speed at which progenitor cells differentiate to become neurons. (ist.ac.at)

Hydroxyurea, an agent now commonly used to decrease the number of vaso-occlusive pain crises in patients with sickle cell disease, interferes with DNA synthesis, causing macrocytosis by which compliance with therapy may be monitored. (medscape.com)

Then we replaced the recording electrode with a sharp electrode and filled the cell with Lucifer yellow to reveal the dendritic arbor. (jneurosci.org)
This will reveal which cell types are depleted or enriched upon treatment, which is arguably just as interesting as changes in expression within each cell type. (bioconductor.org)
Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) in Barcelona reveal that Srrm3 is a master regulator gene crucial for the development of photoreceptors, cells in the back of the retina which capture and process light, sending signals to the brain that enable vision. (eurekalert.org)
Our data reveal that the proportions of different cell types are controlled using different mechanisms at different developmental times and that the rate of differentiation is key to explain the final pattern. (ist.ac.at)
Altogether our FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorter) analyses reveal that the neonatal subventricular zone is far more heterogeneous than previously suspected and our studies provide new insights into the signals and mechanisms that regulate their self-renewal and proliferation. (karger.com)

Ralf Heinrich is interested in apoptosis and pharmacological intervention with apoptotic processes to support cell survival, functionality and regeneration. (uni-goettingen.de)
CNPs increased the proportion of apoptotic cells, down-regulated Bcl-2 expression and up-regulated Bax expression. (nih.gov)

Her specific aim is to shed light onto the contribution of the cell division patterns and the differentiation path of a cell to the formation of the spiralian cell types and tissues. (uni-goettingen.de)
and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is now recognized as a histologically high grade non small cell carcinoma showing histopathological features of neuroendocrine differentiation as well as immunohistochemical neuroendocrine markers. (ersjournals.com)
It is this regulation of differentiation rate that appears to account for the domain proportions and accommodate variations in size. (ist.ac.at)

Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)
although it is derived from cells of the renal tubular epithelium, it has several histological subtypes which differ in their clinical outcome and biological features. (hindawi.com)
Colors of each cell represent the relative frequency of clinical pathologists selecting that 5% probability range, ranging from green (lowest frequency) to red (highest frequency). (avma.org)
Heat map pairs of the sizes of the probability ranges selected by 466 Veterinary Information Network member clinicians (upper row) and 49 clinical pathologists (lower row) for each modifier term in the study described in Figure 1 . (avma.org)
and the proportion of clinicians (465) who expressed they wish for a note from the clinical pathologist to call when the modifier term denotes a high level of uncertainty. (avma.org)
The last pair of bars shows proportions of clinicians (n = 465) and clinical pathologists (48) who agreed or disagreed with the statement that clinicians routinely read only the diagnosis line or comments of cytology reports. (avma.org)
Additionally, the increase in funding for companies and rising focus on adopting various business strategies such as partnerships, and conducting clinical trials related to hairy cell leukemia is expected to boost the studied market. (mordorintelligence.com)
[ 3 ] Clinical trials are currently under way on the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of transplanting such cells in encapsulated forms in persons with type 1 diabetes, with results to be announced in the coming years. (medscape.com)

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Early patch-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Related articles include Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma and Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma . (medscape.com)
Among the changes to CTCL classification were the addition of primary cutaneous acral CD8 + T-cell lymphoma as a new provisional entity. (medscape.com)
Proportions of Veterinary Information Network member clinicians who would institute treatment ("institute Rx"), pursue additional confirmatory information ("pursue additional diagnostics"), or pursue other differential diagnoses ("rule out") when each modifier term characterized the probability of the cytologic sample suggesting (or ruling out) lymphoma. (avma.org)
To clarify the nature (reactive or neoplastic) of lesional, perifocally aggregated lymphocytes in bone marrow infiltrates of systemic mastocytosis (SM), the histopathology of which can resemble malignant lymphoma with focal bone marrow involvement, particularly low grade malignant B cell lymphoma of lymphoplasmacytic immunocytoma subtype, which frequently exhibits increased mast cell (MC) numbers. (bmj.com)
For instance, in November 2021, the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society and Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation announced a five-year, USD 10 million partnership in support of research on hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a rare hematological malignancy that infiltrates the blood, spleen, bone marrow, and other organs. (mordorintelligence.com)

James Briscoe: "The study provides new insight into the long standing question of how growth is coordinated with the production of different types of cells in developing tissues. (ist.ac.at)
Tissues and Cells. (lu.se)

If the cumulative percentage frequencies of areas of cells are plotted on logarithmic probability paper, the smaller cells constituting 85-95% of the total population are seen to follow a lognormal distribution. (ametsoc.org)

The new version is remarkably lower and better proportioned than the previous FCX, which sat on a 'skateboard' platform that was tall and boxy. (autobytel.com)

Human renal proximal convoluted tubule cell (HK-2) cultures were exposed to CNPs for 0, 12 and 72 h, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis levels were evaluated. (nih.gov)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has increased over the past two decades. (hindawi.com)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of human malignancies, and its incidence appears to be increasing globally [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion by the renal tubular epithelial cells of the collecting and distal tubules. (medscape.com)

However, stem cells are difficult to distinguish from multipotential progenitors, which may look and act like them. (karger.com)
In this way, researchers could look inside a cell and distinguish different elements or proportions of different substances such as carbon or lipids. (optics.org)

Transmission electron microscopy showed that CNPs can enter the cell by phagocytosis, and micrographs revealed signs of apoptosis and autophagy. (nih.gov)
CNPs also up-regulated expression of LC3-B, Beclin-1and p-JNK.CNPs are phagocytosed by HK-2 cells, leading to autophagy, apoptosis and ROS production, in part through activation of JNK signaling pathways. (nih.gov)

atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. (ersjournals.com)
In addition of the categories of squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in situ , two additional lesions were added to the group of pre-invasive lesions: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH). (ersjournals.com)
Suspect PPHN whenever the level of hypoxemia is out of proportion to the level of pulmonary disease. (medscape.com)

The aim is to share information across labels to improve our estimates of the biological variability in cell abundance between replicates. (bioconductor.org)

There gland, precursor cells called thymocytes were 32 infants suffering from PEM and 14 develop into 2 types of immune cell: the healthy age- and sex-matched infants. (who.int)
Adult-type zona glomerulosa and fasciculata are detected in fetal life but make up only a small proportion of the gland, and the zona reticularis is not present at all. (medscape.com)

The research found that, in vertebrates, Srrm3 works by regulating alternative splicing, a process that allows cells to make more than one type of protein from a single gene and is particularly prominent in neuronal cells. (eurekalert.org)
Also, our analysis of the genes hit by deleterious gDNMs or pzDNMs in BD provides insights into its neurobiology, including biological pathways related to BD and neuronal cell types possibly playing a critical role in the disease etiology. (nature.com)

Typically, these technologies start by engineering a single progenitor cell with artificial transcribed recording sites that accumulate stable insertions or deletions ("indels") as a result of repair of Cas9 double-stranded breaks. (biorxiv.org)

Human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to the nine CNT/F (0-24 µg/ml) to determine cell viability, inflammation, cellular oxidative stress, micronuclei formation, and DNA double-strand breakage. (cdc.gov)
All materials induced epithelial cell toxicity and micronuclei formation within the dose range tested. (cdc.gov)
All CNT/F induced some level of genotoxicity in human epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)

also want to investigate the differences between healthy cells and cells from people with neurological disorders to understand how such diseases arise. (elifesciences.org)
Any changes we detect between conditions will subsequently represent differences in the proportion of cells in each cluster. (bioconductor.org)
There were no statistically significant differences in aqueous cells ( p = 0.37) and flare ( p = 0.86) between the two groups at one month. (springer.com)

3000 ganglion cells in guinea pig, we identified small numbers of color-opponent cells. (jneurosci.org)
Despite their small size, the regulation of microexons has been shown to play a critical role in protein and cellular function. (eurekalert.org)
GDNF also prevents the slowing of conduction velocity that normally occurs after axotomy in a population of small diameter DRG cells and the A-fiber sprouting into lamina II of the dorsal horn. (jneurosci.org)
Small diameter DRG cells, in contrast, have unmyelinated axons and are principally nociceptors and thermoceptors. (jneurosci.org)
The other half of the small diameter DRG cells (35% of total DRG cells) possess cell surface glycoconjugates that can be identified by binding of the lectin Isolectin B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia (IB4) ( Silverman and Kruger, 1990 ). (jneurosci.org)
Although Scandinavian countries developed mobile telephone networks during the 1960s, they served only a small proportion of the population and had limited impact upon relationships within the broader society ( Agar 2004 ). (socresonline.org.uk)

Lun, Richard, and Marioni 2017 ) where it is routinely used to examine the effects of different conditions on the composition of complex cell populations. (bioconductor.org)

IST Austria Professor Tobias Bollenbach together with colleagues Anna Kicheva and James Briscoe at the London-based National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) has uncovered how the production of different types of neural cells and the growth of the embryonic spinal cord are coordinated. (ist.ac.at)

which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
Our study thus demonstrates the feasibility of performing gene co-expression network analysis from cell-free RNA data and its utility in studying hepatocellular carcinoma. (frontiersin.org)
The outer segment is significantly degraded in retinal cells with the Srrm3 gene knocked out (right) compared to normal retinal cells (left). (eurekalert.org)
The Srrm3 gene has neither been associated with the development of photoreceptor cells nor with the pathogenesis of retinal diseases before. (eurekalert.org)
[ 7 , 8 ] As background, in 2009, Collombat and colleagues [ 9 ] showed that pancreatic misexpression of the gene Pax4 led to the conversion of glucagon -producing alpha cells into functional beta cells. (medscape.com)

The severity of toxicity was dependent on the sample containing a proportion of tubes with greater nominal lengths and diameters. (cdc.gov)
Simulation results indicate that the PB test performs satisfactorily for various cell sizes and parameter configurations and generally outperforms the AHT test in terms of controlling the nominal size. (hindawi.com)
However, according to our simulation studies, the empirical sizes of the AHT test for the two-factor nested MANOVA model may far exceed the nominal level. (hindawi.com)

they were found to contain fetuin-A. Exposure of HK-2 cells to CNPs induced ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased cell viability. (nih.gov)

how cytoskeletal elements position centrosomes, nucleus, the division plane and stored mRNAs in these exceptionally large cells, and how this leads to the establishment of the primary animal-vegetal polarity. (uni-goettingen.de)
The large cell carcinoma class has been enriched with several variants, including the LCNEC and the basaloid carcinoma, both with a dismal prognosis. (ersjournals.com)
As compared to the previous edition, changes include a better definition of pre-invasive lesion, a reclassification of adenocarcinoma, the description of two new tumour types as variants of large cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and basaloid carcinoma, and a new class called pleomorphic carcinoma. (ersjournals.com)
A large proportion of these microexons affect the function of around 70 genes important for the development of a photoreceptor's outer segment, the part of the cell that absorbs light. (eurekalert.org)
Large diameter DRG cells mostly possess myelinated axons and respond principally to low threshold stimuli. (jneurosci.org)
In the southwest monsoon season and in the sea area during the northeast monsoon, growth is found to occur to very large sizes more often than a lognormal distribution would predict. (ametsoc.org)
10), that the vast majority of smokers with to stop smoking, that a large proportion of children are exposed to second-hand smoke, and that `only' 60% of children recall a health education class on tobacco during the pat 12 months. (who.int)
A more appealing strategy involves the transplantation of beta cells grown from stem cells, particularly with recent advances in generating large numbers of beta cells from human stem cells. (medscape.com)

Sequencing cell-free RNA derived from liquid biopsies has been very promising for the diagnosis of several diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Liquid biopsy represents a promising alternative to invasive tissue biopsies in particular for cancer diagnosis as it enables the study of cell-free (cf) nucleic acids in the blood, which includes cfDNA and various cfRNAs (e.g., protein-coding, lncRNA, microRNA, etc. (frontiersin.org)
2 To make the diagnosis of SM, bone marrow histology must show, by definition, at least one compact or dense mast cell (MC) infiltrate. (bmj.com)
Cells which lack ER expression at diagnosis arise from an ER compart- were harvested at 60 - 80% confluency and used as a reference in all hybrid- ment within the mammary epithelium or represent evolution from an izations. (lu.se)

From in vitro duodenal digestion models, Grundy also has shown that particle size has an impact on lipid bioaccessibility. (rsc.org)

The hallmark of eukaryotic cells is their compartmentalization into distinct membrane-bound organelles. (elifesciences.org)
Initially, morphogen gradients - long range signals that partition the tissue into domains of distinct cell types - establish the pattern and proportion of different cell types. (ist.ac.at)
their evolution from distinct cell lineages. (lu.se)

We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)
Proteins are the tools and machines of the cell, and each organelle has its own set of proteins that it requires to work correctly. (elifesciences.org)
Each cell contains ten or more organelles, and several thousand different types of proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The location of many proteins in a cell is unclear or simply not known. (elifesciences.org)
set out to develop a method that reveals the locations of all the proteins in a cell at any given time. (elifesciences.org)
The resulting technique maps the location of most of the proteins in a human cancer cell line and, in addition, determines how many copies of each protein there are. (elifesciences.org)
Proteins are like little machines inside the 100 trillion cells that our body consists of. (ndtv.com)
Phylogenetic trees are routinely constructed to describe the developmental relationships within sets of extant taxa such as different organisms, proteins, or single cells. (biorxiv.org)

These indel mutations are subsequently inherited by future descendants, and the accumulation of these mutations is used to infer the clonal relationships between the observed cells, stratifying them into clades of increasing resolution. (biorxiv.org)
Using careful, state-of-the-art cell tracking techniques, the same group subsequently showed that Pax4 misexpression initially caused the conversion of cells lining the ducts to become alpha cells, which were then converting to beta cells. (medscape.com)

These measurements, however, do not link the physiologically opponent cells to morphologically defined cell types. (jneurosci.org)
Still missing from these approaches is any attempt to induce regeneration or replication of endogenous beta cells in the pancreas, an approach that would be physiologically desirable. (medscape.com)

These cell lines reported on the levels of ARX, an alpha-cell master regulator that appears to be inhibited when Pax4 activity increases. (medscape.com)

With focus on invertebrate evolution, ontogenetic analyses of marine larvae and evolutionary questions related to the origin of organ systems and cell types, he is culturing and investigating several marine invertebrate species - a vast majority of them Annelida. (uni-goettingen.de)

Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
Combining spatial and abundance information yielded an unprecedented quantitative view of HeLa cell anatomy and organellar composition, at the protein level. (elifesciences.org)
Dynamic Organellar Maps enable the proteome-wide analysis of physiological protein movements, without requiring any reagents specific to the investigated process, and will thus be widely applicable in cell biology. (elifesciences.org)
Protein: What should be the portion size? (ndtv.com)
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that enables them to carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it to all parts. (msdmanuals.com)

Similarly, in splenectomized patients, RBC membrane lipids that usually are removed during maturation in the spleen are not effectively removed, and the result is a larger-than-normal cell. (medscape.com)
Not only is the boxcar's length scaled down, but all other dimensions and features are also similarly shrunken to preserve the train's original proportions. (hawaii.edu)
The pathogenesis of other forms of diabetes (eg, gestational diabetes ) can similarly be traced to a failure of beta-cell mass, beta-cell function, or both. (medscape.com)

The study reveals a new layer of cellular specialisation required for the unique cellular shape and function of retinal cells, one of the most complex and specialised cells in the human body. (eurekalert.org)

ROS and JNK pathways may contribute to CNP-induced cell injury and kidney stone formation. (nih.gov)

She combines mRNA injections, whole-embryo live-imaging, single cell sequencing and in situ whole mount hybridization to capture the dynamics and molecular players of development. (uni-goettingen.de)
In lumbar dorsal root ganglia, virtually all IB4-labeled cells express RET mRNA, and the majority of these cells (79%) also express GFRα-1, GFRα-2, or GFRα-1 plus GFRα-2. (jneurosci.org)

Stem cells rely on extracellular signals produced by the niche, which dictate their ability to self-renew, expand and differentiate. (karger.com)
It is essential to have sensitive and reproducible methods of either quantifying or isolating these stem cells and progenitors to understand their intrinsic properties and how extrinsic signals regulate their development. (karger.com)

The new mapping method could be used in the future to analyse the anatomy of different cell types, such as nerve cells and cells of the immune system. (elifesciences.org)
According to ICREA Research Professor Manuel Irimia , understanding microexon regulation in specific cell types is key for identifying new therapeutic targets. (eurekalert.org)
How does a growing tissue establish and then maintain the right proportions of different cell types? (ist.ac.at)
Tobias Bollenbach: "This work addresses how the proportions of different cell types are established in animal development using the neural tube as a model system. (ist.ac.at)

The ability to monitor changes in organellar composition would provide a powerful tool to investigate cell biological processes at the systems level. (elifesciences.org)

To date, many studies have focused on WGCNA analysis of bulk or single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data from tissue samples. (frontiersin.org)
In both cases, the tumors were only positive for MUC1 in apical luminal apical cells, as in normal breast tissue. (bvsalud.org)

image: Retinal cells in zebrafish with the outer segment, the part of photoreceptor cells responsible for transforming light into nervous signals that enable vision, stained in green at the top of the image. (eurekalert.org)
The reason is its excellent stability and low zero drift when handling millivolt size signals from such sources as thermocouples RTDs, strain gages and pH cells. (eurotherm.com)

Section II presents the Census population estimates of the U.S. population that should be used for estimating the number of persons in analytic cells. (cdc.gov)

CD4 helper T-cells which alert the immune the studied infants were from low socio- system to an attack by a pathogen and the economic status families according to the CD8 suppressor T-cells which destroy cells classification of Park and Park [11]. (who.int)
Although the thymus size at birth oedematous or oedematous PEM) accord- may be an important predictor of immune ing to Heird's classification [2]. (who.int)

The investigators showed that a class of antimalarial drugs known as artemisinins, typified by the FDA-approved drug artemether , were capable of inhibiting ARX levels, reducing glucagon, and increasing insulin in an in vitro alpha-cell model. (medscape.com)

To clarify the nature of color vision in a nonprimate dichromatic mammal, we studied the morphology and physiology of opponent ganglion cells in guinea pig. (jneurosci.org)

however, at birth, it is a third of the size of the kidney. (medscape.com)

Our findings in these cases suggest that nuclear inverse polarity papillary lesions lacking myoepithelial cells are benign. (bvsalud.org)

This correlation indicates that linked genes are likely part of a shared regulatory mechanism in the cell. (frontiersin.org)
Because of this complexity, retinal cells depend on many unique genes for their development, any which of can have a disease-causing mutation and result in vision loss. (eurekalert.org)
This team showed that injection of just three genes- Neurog3, Mafa, and Pdx1 -into the pancreatic parenchyma of mice leads to conversion of exocrine cells to functional beta cells, a process popularly known as "reprogramming. (medscape.com)
For example, how can genes be delivered at the precise dose to cells in humans? (medscape.com)

Mastocytosis (mast cell disease) is a relatively uncommon haematological tumour of bone marrow origin. (bmj.com)

The macrocytosis associated with COPD is attributed to excess cell water that is secondary to carbon dioxide retention. (medscape.com)

In a DA analysis, we test for significant changes in per-label cell abundance across conditions. (bioconductor.org)
2019 ) . In this case, we are aiming to identify labels that change in abundance among the compartment of injected cells compared to the background. (bioconductor.org)

The amount of hemoglobin increases proportionately with the increase in cell size. (medscape.com)

Macrocytosis is a term used to describe erythrocytes that are larger than normal, typically reported as mean cell volume (MCV) greater than 100 fL. (medscape.com)
For example, according to data published by the Mayo Clinic in 2022, hairy cell leukemia typically affects people in their 50s or 60s. (mordorintelligence.com)

Abnormalities in these parameters can alert laboratory workers to the presence of abnormalities in the red blood cells (which may then be further evaluated by examination under a microscope). (msdmanuals.com)

The animal with the largest brain in proportion to its size is the ant. (stunning-stuff.com)
The largest echo size observed was 21 000 km 2 . (ametsoc.org)

The M and S components of opponent cell receptive fields had approximately the same diameter. (jneurosci.org)

Additionally, the smaller V Flow fuel cells have become more compact while storing more energy. (autobytel.com)

Anatomy32

Organisms29

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science7

Named Groups1

Health Care18

Geographicals2

Single-cell RNA sequ2

RBCs1

Neurons1

Sickle cell di1

Reveal5

Apoptotic2

Differentiation6

Clinical8

Lymphoma7

Tissues2

Probability1

Remarkably1

Renal4

Distinguish2

Apoptosis2

Pulmonary3

Variability1

Gland2

Neuronal2

Progenitor1

Epithelial3

Differences3

Small6

20171

Neural cells1

Gene5

Nominal3

Viability1

Large8

Diagnosis4

Particle1

Distinct3

Proteins8

Subsequently2

Physiologically2

Master regulator1

Analyses1

Protein5

Similarly3

Cellular1

Pathways1

MRNA2

Stem cells2

Types4

Biological processes1

Tissue2

Signals2

Estimates1

Classification2

Vitro1

Morphology1

Kidney1

Papillary1

Genes4

Uncommon1

Carbon1

Abundance2

Hemoglobin1

Typically2

Abnormalities1

Largest2

Diameter1

Additionally1