• This book covers the production, properties and use of natural and synthetic phospholipids as drug delivery systems for therapeutic agents, including small drugs, peptides/proteins and nucleic acids. (novapublishers.com)
  • The selection stringency can be carefully controlled and tuned, including using detergents, chelating agents, unusual pH, temperature and ionic strength, in addition to nonspecific or specific competitors, cofactors and metal ions, as long as they do not affect the functions of the peptides or proteins. (medscape.com)
  • containing a basic amino group, an acidic carboxyl group, and a side chain attached to an alpha carbon atom, and that link together by peptide bonds to form proteins or that function as chemical messengers and as intermediates in metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • Inspired by nature, we develop new methods to build biological parts (proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) and systems with designed properties and predictable behaviors. (uoregon.edu)
  • Design and discovery of functional proteins and peptides. (uoregon.edu)
  • Towards this end we devise new chemical approaches to connect synthetic molecules and recombinantly expressed proteins to create hybrid conjugates with unique properties. (nih.gov)
  • Synthetic chemistry techniques are also used to synthesize other useful molecules, such as peptides and proteins. (oligofastx.com)
  • Bacterial spores can be modified to display molecules of interest, including drugs, immunogenic peptides, antibodies and other functional proteins of interest (such as enzymes). (nih.gov)
  • A need remains, therefore, for developing methods that allow the identification of binding sites on the genome at higher resolutions and that allow the identification of changes in the DNA-binding properties of proteins in response to post-translational modifications. (justia.com)
  • proteins (built from amino acids) and DNA (built from nucleotides) are two examples. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Such experiments demonstrate that the properties of heredity and evolution are not limited to the natural genetic polymers of DNA and RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • In recent years, combinatorial chemistry has also been used to optimize organic reaction conditions, to produce materials with desired optical, electric and magnetic properties, and to discover new catalysts and polymers. (combichem.net)
  • Abiogenesis Glycol nucleic acid Oligonucleotide synthesis Peptide nucleic acid Synthetic biology Xeno nucleic acid Xenobiology Schöning, K. U. et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • Utilizing the synthesis of complex carbohydrates, researchers have developed synthetic vaccines for application to infectious diseases. (nih.gov)
  • A 39-residue peptide (p7-DF) containing the two zinc binding domains of the p7 nucleocapsid protein was prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis. (nih.gov)
  • Since the isolation of nucleic acids to the mapping of human genome, chemical synthesis of nucleic acids has undergone tremendous advancements. (researchgate.net)
  • Although there have been many advances in nucleic acid synthesis techniques over the years, many improvements are still being made. (oligofastx.com)
  • In summary, the chemical synthesis of nucleic acids is an important part of many scientific applications. (oligofastx.com)
  • 3. Synthesis and conformational properties of protein fragments based on the Id family of DNA-binding and cell-differentiation inhibitors. (nih.gov)
  • Although the development of the Ugi multicomponent reaction in 1962 and the Merrifield solid-phase synthesis in 1963 offered, in principle, the necessary tools to synthesize libraries of small organic compounds, the first combinatorial syntheses didn t result until 20 years later, represented in the work of A. Furka, M. Geysen and R. Houghten on the production of peptide (later peptide and nucleic acid) libraries. (combichem.net)
  • Nirenberg, M.W. and Matthaei, H.: The dependence of cell-free protein synthesis in E. coli upon naturally occurring or synthetic template RNA. (nih.gov)
  • Barondes, S.H. and Nirenberg, M.W.: Fate of synthetic polynucleotide directing cell-free protein synthesis. (nih.gov)
  • One of the lab's goals is to discover and develop diverse small molecules and biologics, encompassing synthetic molecules, natural products and oligomers as tools for the study of membrane and intracellular processes. (nih.gov)
  • Reverse-Phase Analytical/Preparative Hybrid HPLC-MS for the automated purification of peptoids, peptides, oligomers, and small molecules. (biopacificmip.org)
  • Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of promising antibiotic molecules as they present broad action spectrum, potent activity, and do not easily induce resistance. (frontiersin.org)
  • Conclusions: These findings have implications for the unfolding mechanism of NPM1/B23, for the G-quadruplex affinity of the different NPM1/B23 isoforms and for the design of peptide-based molecules able to interact with this DNA motif. (cnr.it)
  • This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications for projects to develop strategies to target the human pancreatic environment in-vivo to deliver cell-based therapeutics, regulatory molecules or gene constructs that can protect or replenish the functional beta cell mass, or to develop synthetic sentinel biomarkers to safely monitor beta cell stress or disease initiation prior to the appearance of autoantibodies in individuals at risk of developing Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). (nih.gov)
  • Operating at the interface of biology, biochemistry, and bioengineering we focus on how the information contained at the sequence level leads to various properties at the molecular level and how this knowledge can be used to engineer molecules with novel characteristics. (uoregon.edu)
  • Now there is an increasing number of both chemists and biochemists who are studing simple synthetic molecules as models of enzymes. (web.app)
  • The work on restriction nucleases not only permits us easily to construct recombinant DNA molecules and to analyze individual genes, but also has led us into the new era of synthetic biology where not only existing genes are described and analyzed but also new gene arrangements can be constructed and evaluated. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 Synthetic Bioactive Molecules Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry (LBC), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. (nih.gov)
  • Our research uses synthetic organic chemistry to create new molecules with unique biological activity. (nih.gov)
  • These molecules bind to complementary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) with high affinity and sequence specificity. (nih.gov)
  • We have developed chemical strategies that can be used to functionalize and/or pre-organize this class of molecules while preserving the binding properties to complementary nucleic acids. (nih.gov)
  • Invented by Albert Eschenmoser as part of his quest to explore the chemical etiology of RNA, TNA has become an important synthetic genetic polymer (XNA) due to its ability to efficiently base pair with complementary sequences of DNA and RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • The success of any protein-selection techniques for investigating protein-protein interactions relies on a selection scheme that allows specific enrichment of sequences with desired target-binding properties, while minimizing nonspecific sequences that might be coselected due to various biases. (medscape.com)
  • [ 13 ] Peptide or protein libraries containing as many as 10 12 -10 14 unique sequences can be readily generated and selected, while a few orders of magnitude higher than that can be achieved using phage display and other selection techniques. (medscape.com)
  • In this study, PNAs bearing prolyl-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) backbone with groEL, motB, and 16S rRNA sequences were covalently coupled with three sets of fluorescently barcoded beads to detect the three B. cereus genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chemically synthesized polypeptides include amino acid residue sequences that substantially correspond to the amino acid residue sequences of T Cell and B cell determinant portions of a natural, pathogen-related protein, in particular, a hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAG). (justia.com)
  • The present invention relates to the production of novel synthetic antigens based upon information derived from DNA and/or protein sequences and to the use of those antigens in the production of vaccines, diagnostic reagents, and the like. (justia.com)
  • In addition to this, it provides increased binding capacity for target nucleic acid sequences. (assignmenthippo.com)
  • Our research can develop diagnostics based on genetic signatures of diseases, so new nucleic acid sequences that are markers of disease would help move our diagnostic area forward. (nih.gov)
  • ii) identifying a location on a chromosome to which the DNA-binding protein of interest binds by obtaining results from an array hybridization experiment in which DNA fragment sequences, which have been bound by the protein of interest, are hybridized to a nucleic acid array comprising known sequences, thereby identifying regions of the genome to which the DNA-binding protein binds. (justia.com)
  • and (ii) displaying results of an array hybridization experiment in which DNA fragments bound by the protein of interest are hybridized to a nucleic acid array comprising known sequences. (justia.com)
  • A program to analyze the relationships between nucleic acid sequences. (nationalacademies.org)
  • This study, therefore, attempts to develop a robust method for B. cereus detection by leveraging the highly specific pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) as probes for a bead array method with multiplex and high-throughput capacity. (bvsalud.org)
  • The remarkable stability and high binding affinity of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) to target nucleic acids could make PNA-based biosensors an excellent starting point to develop new nucleic acid detection technologies. (nih.gov)
  • We are developing new types of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) for use in detection of nucleic acids as well as for multivalent display at the nanometer scale. (nih.gov)
  • One area of research involves the use of custom-designed peptide-nucleic acids as probes of protein and nucleic acid interactions. (nih.gov)
  • For totally or partially randomized peptide or protein libraries, the much higher diversity provides a big advantage for exploring the sequence space to a greater depth for the identification of target-binding partners. (medscape.com)
  • Denaturation -- In chemistry, it is the process of causing the tertiary structure of a protein to unfold, either with heat, an alkali, or acid, so that some of its original properties are diminished or eliminated. (nih.gov)
  • Aiming to increase the candidate vaccine antigenicity even further, we tested secondary and tertiary structures and physicochemical parameters of the vaccine conjugated to four different protein adjuvants: flagellin, 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12, heparin-binding hemagglutinin, or RS09 synthetic peptide. (springer.com)
  • 10. Affinity of synthetic peptide fragments of MyoD for Id1 protein and their biological effects in several cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • The Section on Carbohydrates furthers the development of conjugate vaccines from synthetic and bacterial carbohydrate antigens. (nih.gov)
  • Interestingly, the analysis of the ability of distinct NPM1/B23 fragments to bind this quadruplex led to the identifications of distinct NPM1/ B23-based peptides that individually present a high affinity for this motif. (cnr.it)
  • The high biological stability of TNA relative to other nucleic acid systems that are capable of undergoing Darwinian evolution, suggests that TNA is a strong candidate for the development of next-generation therapeutic aptamers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Notably, peptides can possess several biological properties. (immunologiya-journal.ru)
  • Synthetic biology ( SynBio ) is a multidisciplinary field of science that focuses on living systems and organisms, and it applies engineering principles to develop new biological parts, devices, and systems or to redesign existing systems found in nature. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two papers in Nature report synthetic biological circuits , a genetic toggle switch and a biological clock, by combining genes within E. coli cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Considered essential for the stabilization of biological membranes (especially those with high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids), d-alpha-Tocopherol is a potent peroxyl radical scavenger and inhibits noncompetitively cyclooxygenase activity in many tissues, resulting in a decrease in prostaglandin production. (medindex.am)
  • Considered essential for the stabilization of biological membranes (especially those with high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acid), vitamin E is a generic name for a group of compounds known as tocopherols and tocotrienols (tocols). (medindex.am)
  • This peptide backbone is resistant to hydrolytic cleavage, and so it can be utilized in imaging probes, sequence selectivity, PCR clamping and other molecular techniques (5). (assignmenthippo.com)
  • This report reviews literature related to the description of features of peptic nucleic acid probes and oligonucleotide probes and evaluates the sensitivity of these probes in the future study. (assignmenthippo.com)
  • Specifically, we have incorporated a cyclopentane ring into the PNA backbone to enhance the nucleic acid binding properties of PNA. (nih.gov)
  • This new development has the potential to improve systems like the development of gene therapeutic agents and manipulating nucleic acids (6). (assignmenthippo.com)
  • Nowadays, combinatorial chemistry is most often applied to produce libraries of single, pure compounds with drug-like properties. (combichem.net)
  • compounds of halogens, Preparation, properties and uses of Chlorine and Hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds, Oxoacids of halogens (structures only). (studyinnovations.com)
  • Methods for chemically synthesized TNA monomers (phosphoramidites and nucleoside triphosphates) have been heavily optimized to support synthetic biology projects aimed at advancing TNA research. (wikipedia.org)
  • An automated platform for synthetic biology. (biopacificmip.org)
  • First identifiable use of the term synthetic biology in Stéphane Leduc 's publication Théorie physico-chimique de la vie et générations spontanées . (wikipedia.org)
  • constituting the dawn of synthetic biology. (wikipedia.org)
  • First international conference for synthetic biology, Synthetic Biology 1.0 (SB1.0) is held at MIT. (wikipedia.org)
  • Threose nucleic acid (TNA) is an artificial genetic polymer in which the natural five-carbon ribose sugar found in RNA has been replaced by an unnatural four-carbon threose sugar. (wikipedia.org)
  • PNA, or peptide nucleic acid, is a synthetic polymer that has a similar structure to DNA. (cmu.edu)
  • Further improvements in this area such as, introduction of high throughput synthesizers, better coupling reagents, improved polymer supports, newer sets of protecting groups for exocyclic amino groups of nucleic bases and introduction of universal polymer supports have completely revolutionized the entire field of nucleic acids chemistry. (researchgate.net)
  • More specifically, this invention relates to synthetic antigenic polypeptides, which when used alone, as a polymer or upon coupling to a carrier, immunologically correspond to a T cell and B cell determinant portion of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). (justia.com)
  • Introduction chemistry is the science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes that matter undergoes during chemical reactions. (web.app)
  • New synthetic methods from the fields of organic and peptide chemistry are under development to expand the application of nanobodies. (nih.gov)
  • Short synthetic oligonucleotides are finding wide variety of applications in area of genomics and medicinal chemistry. (researchgate.net)
  • In 2002 he received a MS degree in Chemistry from the University of North Carolina working with synthetic models of Ni-Fe hydrogenases. (chi-peptalk.com)
  • According to the detection principle, a pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid probe is immobilized on a screen-printed graphene electrode for capturing SARS-CoV-2 DNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • Microarray technology has become an important tool for detection and analysis of nucleic acid targets. (researchgate.net)
  • Using this modification, we have shown that detection of nucleic acids derived from pathogens is greatly improved. (nih.gov)
  • An essential fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 fatty acids group. (medindex.am)
  • Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure: the a-threofuranosyl-(3'-->2') oligonucleotide system. (wikipedia.org)
  • An analogue of the amino acid D-alanine with broad-spectrum antibiotic and glycinergic activities. (medindex.am)
  • This modified backbone makes TNA, unlike DNA and RNA, completely refractory to nuclease digestion, making it a promising nucleic acid analog for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a DNA mimic in which sugar-phosphate backbone has been replaced by the uncharged synthetic peptide backbone. (assignmenthippo.com)
  • We developed a pHLIP-peptide nucleic acid (PNA) conjugate as an antisense reagent to reduce expression of the otherwise undruggable DNA double-strand break repair factor, KU80, and thereby radiosensitize tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Made up of a complex of amino-acids, enzymes are part of every chemical reaction in living things. (nih.gov)
  • For immature products, the key quality attributes such as physical and chemical properties and impurity behavior of raw materials have been determined. (nih.gov)
  • For example, researchers have devised an efficient chemical method to generate unnatural amino acids and also recycle the by-product for further use (circular economy). (oligofastx.com)
  • This means that if you know how much time has passed since the beginning of the experiment, you can measure these optical properties over time and use them as indicators showing where in the DNA molecule a certain chemical event has taken place during this period and, therefore, what types of chemical reactions have also taken place during this period. (oligofastx.com)
  • CD4 + and CD8 + T cells showed significant production of IFN-γ upon stimulation and IL-2 production was also detected by CD8 + T cells, which indicated the potential of our peptides to be recognized by specific T cells and induce immune response. (springer.com)
  • Applications that emphasize disease- agnostic development of nucleic acid therapeutics are reviewed in BBBT (81). (nih.gov)
  • 120, 520 (1978)], the entire 226 amino acid sequence of which is established from the nucleotide sequence of the S gene [Tiollais et al. (justia.com)
  • Functional synthetic chromosome arms are engineered in yeast. (wikipedia.org)
  • Safety test batches, critical clinical trial batches) information and stability, compatibility research results on properties and compatibility, and improve preparation quality standards, packaging, storage conditions, Validity period and clinical usage, etc. (nih.gov)
  • Besides this, another discovery in ISH probe is the peptic nucleic acid (PNA). (assignmenthippo.com)
  • Niacin -- A white crystalline acid that is a component of the vitamin B complex found in meat, wheat germ, dairy products, and yeast and is used to treat and prevent pellagra, a disease caused by malnutrition (specifically a deficiency of niacin) that is characterized by skin eruptions, digestive and nervous system disturbances, and eventual mental deterioration. (nih.gov)
  • Researchers publish in Science the first synthetic bacterial genome, called M. mycoides JCVI-syn1.0. (wikipedia.org)
  • in addition to its fever-reducing and pain-killing properties, it was found to possess antiplatelet aggregation activity. (combichem.net)
  • Transcriptomic analysis of leaves, flowers and roots revealed 14 unique jasmintide precursors, all of which possess a three-domain architecture comprising a signal peptide, a pro-domain and a mature jasmintide domain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Researchers engineer a synthetic circuit that promotes bacterial invasion of tumour cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Section scientists use synthetic oligosaccharides that mimic the structure of polysaccharides present on the surface of bacterial pathogens and fragments of bacterial lipopolysaccharides as antigenic components of immunogens. (nih.gov)
  • Together, this study expands the existing library of jasmintides and furthers our understanding of the molecular diversity and cystine framework of CRPs as scaffolds and tools for engineering peptides targeting pests. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, our laboratory has focused on this superfamily of metabolically stable plant-derived peptides, particularly CRPs with molecular weights of 2 to 6 kDa. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicates that the two zinc binding domains within the peptide form stable, but independent, units upon the addition of 2 equivalents of ZnCl2 per equivalent of peptide. (nih.gov)
  • Following the same concept, current work focuses on the development of synthetic vaccines for bacterial diseases, e.g. cholera and anthrax. (nih.gov)
  • Modern periodic law and long form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements- atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence. (mbbsneet.in)
  • In the alpha-helix, the polypeptide folds by twisting into a right handed screw so that all the amino acids can form hydrogen bonds with each other. (nih.gov)
  • Comes closer from the field of 'old style' compound combination (Inorganic and natural blend) additionally target planning atoms with clear cut shape (for example bis-peptides). (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
  • Developing robust and reliable diagnostic tools to detect nucleic acids of viruses at the point-of-care could greatly assist the clinical management of viral infections. (nih.gov)