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Especially the techniques known as Anomalous Small-Angle X-ray Scattering provide deep insight into the materials structural architecture according to the different chemical components on lengths scales starting just above the atomic scale (≈1 nm) up to several 100 nm. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk, "The Solution of the Eigenvector Problem in Synchrotron Radiation Based Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering," Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory , Vol. 3 No. 4, 2013, pp. 59-68. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk, R. Schweins, K. Huber and M. Ballauff, "The Distribution of Sr2+ Counterions around Polyacrylate Chains Analyzed by Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering," Europhysics Letters, Vol. 66, No. 3, 2004, pp. 331-337. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk and D. L. Williamson, "Temperature Induced Differences in the Nanostructure of Hot-Wire Deposited Silicon-Germanium Alloys Analyzed by Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 99, No. 8, 2006, Article ID: 084309. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk, K. Huber and R. Schweins, "Probing the Extent of the Sr2+ Ion Condensation to Anionic Polyacrylate Coils: A Quantitative Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study," Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 127, No. 15, 2007, pp. 154908-1-154908-8. (scirp.org)
A. Bota, Z. Varga and G. Goerigk, "Structural Description of the Nickel Part of a Raney-Type Catalyst by Using Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering," The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 112, No. 12, 2008, pp. 4427-4429. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk and N. Mattern, "Critical Scattering of Ni- Nb-Y Metallic Glasses Probed by Quantitative Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering," Acta Materialia, Vol. 57, No. 12, 2009, pp. 3652-3661. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk and N. Mattern, "Spinodal Decomposition in Ni-Nb-Y Metallic Glasses Analyzed by Quantitative Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 247, 2010, Article ID: 012022. (scirp.org)
G. Goerigk, K. Huber, N. Mattern and D. L. Williamson, "Quantitative Anomalous Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering -The Determination of Chemical Concentrations in Nano-Scaled Phases," European Physical Journal-Special Topics, Vol. 208, No. 1, 2012, pp. 259-274. (scirp.org)
The CoSAXS beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory is a modern multi-purpose (coherent) small-Angle X-ray scattering (CoSAXS) instrument, designed to provide intense and optionally coherent illumination at the sample position, enabling coherent imaging and speckle contrast techniques. (lu.se)
Fundamental progress in these diverse fields and small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) studies (Lafont must ultimately be based on a quantitative understanding of et al. (lu.se)

The techniques sensitivity to the different chemical components makes use of the energy dependence of the atomic scattering factors, which are different for all chemical elements, thereby disentangling the nanostructure of the different chemical components by the signature of the elemental X-ray absorption edges i.e. by employing synchrotron radiation. (scirp.org)
This absorption yields deep troughs in the spectral radiation curve. (pveducation.org)
While the absorption by specific gasses in the atmosphere change the spectral content of the terrestrial solar radiation, they have a relatively minor impact on the overall power. (pveducation.org)
Instead, the major factor reducing the power from solar radiation is the absorption and scattering of light due to air molecules and dust. (pveducation.org)
Interpreting experimental results requires accurate models of diagnostic observables (e.g. detailed emission, absorption, and scattering spectra). (sandia.gov)
When the droplets have a large intensity- dependent index of refraction or a large saturable absorption, and are illuminated near a resonance with a high-intensity laser pulse, hysteresis may be seen in the back-scattered intensity. (spie.org)
Measurements of particle number size distribution, scattering, and radiation absorption were used and the chemical composition of aerosols, together with remote sensing data. (usp.br)
The average absorption and scattering coefficients, abs,637nm and scat,525nm, under atmospheric conditions without significant anthropogenic impacts were 0.14/Mm and 4.4/Mm, respectively. (usp.br)
The weak scattering, which was unpredicted, can be seen in an absorption band called the Reststrahlen band. (innovations-report.com)
A broad range of methods is employed, from basic spectroscopic techniques to combinations of time- and spatially-resolved probes, and different phenomena are harnessed, such as absorption, photoluminescence, electroluminescence and scattering. (lu.se)
Absorption -- The process by which radiation imparts some or all of its energy to any material through which it passes. (cdc.gov)
in particular, the absorption of radiation within a sample being assayed. (cdc.gov)
Absorption Coefficient -- Fractional decrease in the intensity of an unscattered beam of x or gamma radiation per unit thickness (linear absorption coefficient), per unit mass (mass absorption coefficient), or per atom (atomic absorption coefficient) of absorber, due to deposition of energy in the absorber. (cdc.gov)
Linear Absorption Coefficient -- A factor expressing the fraction of a beam of x or gamma radiation absorbed in a unit thickness of material. (cdc.gov)
With the combination of the complementary information obtained with time-resolved X-ray absorption, X-ray emission and X-ray scattering we have successfully traced the electron transfer in complex molecules like the shown Ruthenium - Platinum or Ruthenium - Cobalt complexs with very high time-resolution. (lu.se)

this applies especially to particle sizes close to the radiation wavelength (Nousiainen et al. (springer.com)
However, for longer path lengths, higher energy (lower wavelength) light is more effectively absorbed and scattered. (pveducation.org)
Rayleigh scattering is particularly effective for short wavelength light (that is blue light) since it has a λ -4 dependence. (pveducation.org)
A strong spectral dependence of the mass scattering efficiencies with the incident radiation wavelength was observed, and, in particular, they were significantly larger at 60 m, showing that the aerosol population close to the canopy is more effective in scattering the radiation. (usp.br)
Note: The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that yields the greatest absolute efficiency of the ruled diffraction grating is referred to as the blaze wavelength. (rainbowsymphony.com)
X-rays have as ionizing radiation a number of unique properties beyond their very short wavelength. (lu.se)

Evolved from Young's Double Slit experiment, diffraction gratings are the preferred method of light scattering in many spectrometers. (rainbowsymphony.com)
A diffraction grating is a device that splits electromagnetic radiation into its constituent wavelengths. (rainbowsymphony.com)
The discovery of diffraction launched the scientific field of spectroscopy, the study of the interaction of matter and electromagnetic radiation. (rainbowsymphony.com)

Terahertz (THz) radiation is generally defined as the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in the range of 100 GHz (3 mm) to 10 THz (30 μm), which is between the millimeter and infrared frequencies. (allaboutcircuits.com)
Terahertz radiation, also known as "terahertz gap" is the frequency band (~0.1 THz to ~ 10 THz) sandwiched between the far infrared and microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. (coppin.edu)
Scanning near-field optical microscopy, using scattered electromagnetic radiation, is one of the most commonly used techniques for examining material properties at the nanoscale level," explains lead author Ryoko Sakuma. (innovations-report.com)
The area includes experimental and theoretical research where electromagnetic radiation from microwaves to X-rays is used as a probe, generated or absorbed by the material. (lu.se)
their energy, including rest energy, being converted into electromagnetic radiation (called annihilation radiation) with two 0.51 Mev gamma photons emitted at an angle of 180° to each other. (cdc.gov)
The course treats how molecules interact with electromagnetic radiation. (lu.se)

The structural and functional properties compared with WT protein were investigated, respectively, by static light scattering (SLS), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy and by determining chaperone activity with the use of three substrates. (nih.gov)
His research interests are in the application of ultrafast X ray spectroscopy and scattering techniques to investigate atomic and electronic structural dynamics in condensed matter including transition-metal complexes, molecular dynamics in solution, and electronic phase transitions in correlated electron systems. (stanford.edu)
Dynamic light scattering determined the agglomerate size (approximately 80 nm) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy determined the valence state of the nano-CeO2. (cdc.gov)

As solar radiation passes through the atmosphere, gasses, dust and aerosols absorb the incident photons. (pveducation.org)
In addition to Rayleigh scattering, aerosols and dust particles contribute to the scattering of incident light known as Mie scattering. (pveducation.org)
Multiple scattering effects in droplet aerosols were investigated theoretically using three different numerical approaches and experimentally by means of a specially developed measuring system. (spie.org)
Based on the experimental conditions chosen in this study, an attempt was made to explain the accuracy of the applied models to describe multiple scattering effects in aerosols. (spie.org)
The propagation of pulsed laser radiation along the atmospheric ground paths containing droplet aerosols (fog, drizzle, rain) belongs to a class of problems in nonlinear optics in which the multiple-factor nature and nonadditivity of the processes affecting the transmission of the radiation channel are strongly pronounced. (spie.org)
Organic aerosols are determinants of the aerosol scattering coefficient. (usp.br)
Scientists are also monitoring how changes in the atmosphere-whether there is any change in atmospheric radiation, for example-affect the properties of aerosols. (bnl.gov)

Because media neither absorb, emit, nor scatter radiation. (wikipedia.org)
They are generally prefered over prisms because they do not absorb UV or infrared radiation. (rainbowsymphony.com)
its propensity to absorb neutrons, which interferes with standard neutron scattering techniques used to analyze magnetism. (materialstoday.com)
During the study, four standard weather balloons are launched each day to collect data on conditions such as wind speed and direction, pressure, and humidity, while MAOS collects data on aerosol properties, including their concentration, size distributions, and ability to scatter and absorb light. (bnl.gov)

The influence of the internal structure of inhomogeneous particles on their radiative properties is an open issue repeatedly questioned in many fields of science and technology. (springer.com)
We also discuss the case of absorbing particles and report the experimental results for water suspensions of black carbon for both the forward and 90° scattering properties. (springer.com)
In this work, we identify and characterize the processes that control the aerosol population, their physicochemical properties, and the growth of particles in the vertical profile of the boundary layer. (usp.br)
Cosmic dust can be detected by remote sensing methods that utilize the radiative properties of cosmic dust particles, c.f. (wikipedia.org)
That is, it proved that light exhibits properties of both waves and particles. (rainbowsymphony.com)
Included in these works were studies of acoustic properties of the atmosphere and the blue colour of the sky, which he suggested was due to the scattering of light by small particles of water. (todayinsci.com)
This thesis focuses on how volcanic aerosol particles influence the climate by scattering solar radiation and altering cloud properties. (lu.se)

Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) explores the mesostructures of liquids and solids on length scales ranging from 1 nanometre to about a micron. (ill.eu)
At the Institut Laue Langevin (ILL) researchers from a range of fields are utilising the world's most powerful instruments for small angle neutron scattering (SANS) to investigate the structures of many materials across sizes ranging from 1-100 nanometres. (ill.eu)
We focus on using scattering techniques to look at the structure and dynamics associated with these strong electron corrrelations, particularly neutron and X-ray methods. (lu.se)
To this end, we use a wide range of neutron facilities and synchrotron radiation facilities in Europe and around the world, soon to include the European Spallation Source at Lund. (lu.se)
To measure the effects of high pressure using neutron scattering presents some difficulties, as relatively large samples are required to get a good signal-to-noise ratio, and because the pressure cells generate a lot of background scattering. (lu.se)
We are working with collaborators at KTH (Patrik Henelius) and ESS (Pascale Deen, Malcolm Guthrie, Rasmus Toft-Petersen) to develop new uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure cells, optimized for neutron scattering at the ESS, on a project funded by VR. (lu.se)

The model can be tightly compared to measurements with single particle extinction and scattering and spectrophotometry and suggests a simple behavior for 90° scattering from fractal aggregates as a function of extinction, which is also confirmed experimentally and numerically. (springer.com)
Precise measurements of the properties of the top quark test the Standard Model (SM) and can be used to constrain new physics models. (cern.ch)
Differential measurements of the kinematic properties of the top quark production are. (cern.ch)

In addition to work in the lab, we do a lot of research at synchrotron radiation facilities performing state-of-the-art X-ray scattering techniques. (concordia.ca)

We analyze their position in the plane formed by the radio and optical nuclear luminosities in relation to their optical spectral properties. (u-strasbg.fr)

Doping with the optimum concentration of carriers (electrons or holes) can modify the physical properties of materials. (nature.com)
Chen uses brilliant X-rays generated by relativistic electrons from synchrotron radiation to study atomic and nanoscale structures of disordered materials. (ohio.edu)
The x-ray photons can also interact directly with the spin of the electrons, and so they can scatter off the magnetic structure. (lu.se)

Zinc Oxide - This mineral works as a sunscreen by reflecting and scattering UV radiation. (madhippie.com)
Zinc oxide sits on top of your skin (rather than soaking in, like chemical sunscreens do) and scatters, absorbs, and reflects the sun's rays - including blue light - to protect you. (madhippie.com)
The beauty of a white coating is that the pigments such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) scatter a large fraction of the incident photons back into the sky, especially in the visible and near infrared bands. (roofingcontractor.com)

The static light scattering data showed a high order of oligomerization in all the three mutants. (nih.gov)
Light is absorbed as it passes through the atmosphere and at the same time it is subject to scattering. (pveducation.org)
One of the mechanisms for light scattering in the atmosphere is known as Rayleigh scattering which is caused by molecules in the atmosphere. (pveducation.org)
Scattered light is undirected, and so it appears to be coming from any region of the sky. (pveducation.org)
In the absence of scattering in the atmosphere, the sky would appear black, and the sun would appear as a disk light source. (pveducation.org)
The system allows quantitative determination of laser light extinction and scattering. (spie.org)
Shading devices such as venetian blinds, sheer blinds and drapes have spatially non-uniform and light scattering surfaces. (uwaterloo.ca)
The team's latest findings shed light on the complex relationship between a compound's electron spin arrangement and its transport properties, an area researchers have long struggled to understand. (materialstoday.com)
Elucidating the physical basis for MIT, one of the oldest and least well-understood phenomena in condensed matter physics, would shed light on the electron transport properties of a wide range of potentially useful materials. (materialstoday.com)
To get around this problem, the researchers employed an alternative technique known as resonant x-ray scattering (RXS) using synchrotron radiation from the RIKEN SPring-8 facility, the world's most powerful synchrotron light source. (materialstoday.com)
He also published Heat as a Mode of Motion (1863), On Radiation (1865), followed by Sound, then in 1870 he published Light . (todayinsci.com)
These results are the first experimental quantification of coherence properties in a SAXS instrument at a fourth-generation synchrotron light source. (lu.se)
Examples include studies of light-triggered exciton and charge carrier dynamics in variety of nanostructures, using X-rays for locally probing the structural or electronic properties of semiconductors and catalytic centers, investigations of photophysical properties of individual nanostructures, modelling of interaction between light and nanostructured semiconductors, as well as interactions in complex materials. (lu.se)
We are investigating novel iron-carbene complexes for solar light sensitization, light activated catalysts, novel polymer structures combining light sensitization and catalytic properties and novel nano dots for light sensitization and catalysis. (lu.se)
The aim of the course is to provide you with fundamental knowledge related to the propagation of light through, and interaction with, highly scattering and absorbing media, such as biomedical tissues and blood samples. (lu.se)

The interaction of the radiation with the medium along the propagation path strongly depends on the type and microphysical properties of the specific meteorological formation as well as on the energy parameters of the beam, the structure of the beam, the temporal regime, and the conditions of focusing. (spie.org)
Interaction between ionising radiation and matter. (lu.se)

Determining the atomic structure, chemical behaviour and electronic properties of a surface or interface is challenging. (warwick.ac.uk)
The latter now also include modelling algorithms for generating three-dimensional models from solution scattering data that provide results in the form of bead or atomic coordinates. (iucr.org)
1. Explain properties and structure of atomic nuclei. (lu.se)
The course deals with: · The properties of atomic nuclei and its macroscopic description (size, shape, mass, stability, collective excitation). (lu.se)

In physics and engineering, the radiative heat transfer from one surface to another is the equal to the difference of incoming and outgoing radiation from the first surface. (wikipedia.org)
In the last three decades Synchrotron radiation became an indispensable experimental tool for chemical and structural analysis of nano-scaled properties in solid state physics, chemistry, materials science and life science thereby rendering the explanation of the macroscopic behavior of the materials and systems under investigation. (scirp.org)
Predictive design of REHEDS experiments with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations requires knowledge of material properties (e.g. equations of state (EOS), transport coefficients, and radiation physics). (sandia.gov)
The results also provide fundamental insights into how electron spin can influence a material's transport properties, with broad applications in condensed matter physics. (materialstoday.com)
Aymeric earned an M.A. in physics in 1998 and, in 2001, a PhD in physics at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility from the Université Joseph Fourier in Grenoble (France). (lu.se)
The first five projects are predetermined and from different subject areas (e.g., astronomy, computational biology, theoretical chemistry, particle physics and medical radiation physics). (lu.se)

Uncovering the 3d and 4d Electronic Interactions in Solvated Ru Complexes with 2p3d Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering. (stanford.edu)

Describe various techniques for Monte Carlo simulations of naturally stochastic processes, such as scattering processes. (lu.se)
Describe various techniques for Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics calculations of equilibrium properties of complex systems with many degrees of freedom. (lu.se)

In order to cope with the tremendous explosion of the telecommunications market, the field of wireless communications has greatly expanded in the past fifty years, especially in the domains of microwave radio systems including line-of-sight, satellites, and tropospheric-scatter. (oreilly.com)
The equivalent width of the [OIII] emission line (with respect to the nuclear luminosity) reveals the nature of these nuclei, indicating that the nuclei of HEG are obscured to our line of sight and only scattered radiation is observed. (u-strasbg.fr)

Atmospheric effects have several impacts on the solar radiation at the Earth's surface. (pveducation.org)
A comparison of solar radiation outside the Earth's atmosphere with the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth itself. (pveducation.org)
On a clear day, about 10% of the total incident solar radiation is diffuse. (pveducation.org)
The final effect of the atmosphere on incident solar radiation is due to local variations in the atmosphere. (pveducation.org)

In this case, the total scattering and the extinction cross sections determine the single scattering albedo, which agrees with numerical simulations. (springer.com)
The three parameters necessary to feed radiative transfer models, namely, extinction, asymmetry parameter, and single scattering albedo, can all be set by the analytical model, with explicit dependence on a few parameters. (springer.com)

3. Describe how ionising radiation originates and how the radiation interacts with matter. (lu.se)

This coherent scattering technique uniquely allows probing dynamics in complex systems in ways never achievable before. (lu.se)

Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the International Radiation Protection Association World Health Orgnization Geneva, 1982 ISBN 92 4 154083 4 The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)

The results show that the deamidation of N146 but not of N78 have profound effects on the structural and functional properties of alphaB-crystallin. (nih.gov)
When radiation and electron temperatures fall out of equilibrium, however, non-LTE effects can profoundly change material properties and diagnostic signatures. (sandia.gov)
By changing a material on a microscale [the structure of its atoms] you can see the drastic effects it has on the macroscale [physical, mechanical, electrical, magnetic properties]. (sme.org)
Nano-cerium dioxide (CeO2) possesses the potential for use in human health by protecting against the deleterious effects of ischemia and radiation. (cdc.gov)
Biological effects of ionising radiation, radiation safety, and applications. (lu.se)
Acute Radiation Syndrome -- The symptoms which taken together characterize a person suffering from the effects of intense radiation. (cdc.gov)

UV radiation (UVR) that reaches the Earth's surface can be divided into UV-B (290-320 nm) and UV-A (320-400 nm). (medscape.com)

We study the fundamental properties of conjugated organic molecules and polymers (plastics) that can be used as organic semiconductors. (concordia.ca)

At the 2011 Congress of the IUCr in Madrid, the Commission on Journals agreed to adopt these preliminary guidelines for the presentation of biomolecular structures from small-angle scattering data in IUCr publications. (iucr.org)
The explosion in the use of this technique has largely been driven by the increasing desire to characterize biomolecular structures in solution and the availability of easy-to-use software for the analysis and interpretation of small-angle scattering (SAS) data. (iucr.org)
Composite structures of metal nanoparticles and semiconductor nanomaterials present unique properties that have made them candidates for various applications. (coppin.edu)

Part of the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility, the Mobile Aerosol Observing System (MAOS) consists of two compact, state-of-the-art instrument suites installed in modified shipping containers. (bnl.gov)

Essentially, dust's radiative properties rely on the size distribution and chemical composition of the grains. (springer.com)

In particular, the optical properties of dust are paramount in our understanding of a widespread class of systems, such as the influence of eolian dust on climate balance and remote sensing (Mishchenko et al. (springer.com)
Parameters such as the particle's initial motion, material properties, intervening plasma and magnetic field determined the dust particle's arrival at the dust detector. (wikipedia.org)

A Monte Carlo procedure to deal with propagation of radiation in a turbid medium presenting some simple kinds of inhomogeneity is briefly outlined. (spie.org)

In general, the heat transfer between surfaces is governed by temperature, surface emissivity properties and the geometry of the surfaces. (wikipedia.org)
The radiative heat exchange depends on the local surface temperature of the enclosure and the properties of the surfaces, but does not depend upon the media. (wikipedia.org)

In conditions of Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE), these material properties and observables can be pre-computed with relatively high accuracy and subsequently tabulated on simple temperature-density grids for fast look-up by simulations. (sandia.gov)
Conduct Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations of equilibrium properties of complex systems. (lu.se)

Examples are given for scattering slabs of isotropic or anisotropic scatterers when collimated beam incidence is used. (spie.org)

The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) is a laboratory located in a primary forest region in the Central Amazon, ideal for studying the aerosol properties in the vertical profile, particularly at heights of 60 and 325 m from the ground. (usp.br)

To determine the underlying molecular basis for the enhanced fibrillation of the mutants, the structural properties, responses to changes in the environment, and propensity to aggregate of wild-type, A30P, and A53T alpha-synucleins were systematically investigated. (nih.gov)
Small-angle scattering is becoming a mainstream technique for structural molecular biology. (iucr.org)
Properties such as attractive forces, bounding distances, moment of inertia, molecular mass and temperature can be read from measured spectra. (lu.se)

Another leading-edge research effort involves the use of terahertz radiation for the characterization of a variety of materials, chief among them being semiconductor devices. (coppin.edu)

Kernel function relates to both the geometry of the enclosure and its surface properties. (wikipedia.org)

This implies that the population of FR II is composed of objects with different nuclear properties, and only a fraction of them can be unified with quasars. (u-strasbg.fr)

Learn about the terahertz band, its properties, and the applications where it's finding utility. (allaboutcircuits.com)

Current approaches in enhancing the radiation tolerance include selection of material with reduced scattering cross-section for reduced swelling and engineering of its microstructure to reduce the radiation induced crystalline defects. (nature.com)
Although only limited choices are available for the metal selection, further engineering of its microstructure can significantly enhance the radiation resistance. (nature.com)
We focus on the complex microstructure of these materials, how it affects their electronic and optical properties, and how we can tailor these properties to meet application-related demands. (concordia.ca)

A. Bota, Z. Varga and G. Goerigk, "Biological Systems as Nanoreactors: Anomalous Small-Angle Scattering Study of the CdS Nanoparticle Formation in Multilamellar Vesicles," The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 111, No. 8, 2007, pp. 1911-1915. (scirp.org)
Ultra high strength V-graphene nanolayers were developed for the first time that was demonstrated to have an excellent radiation tolerance as revealed by the He + irradiation study. (nature.com)
The current study uses the new approach of High Energy Jets (HEJ ) [18-20 ], which is built on standard collinear factorisation between hard scattering matrix elements and PDFs, but calculates the hard scattering matrix elements to all orders. (lu.se)

Any reflected or scattered radiation can be used to build a detailed image and obtain characteristic information about a material's surface. (innovations-report.com)

For example, structural materials for fusion and fission reactors need to withstand the damage arising from a high radiation dose of ~100 dpa 2 , 3 while also maintaining its high strength at elevated temperatures. (nature.com)
In contrast to conventional approaches that minimize the tube current time product of the CT scan, referred to as mAsTCM in the following, we herein propose a new method referred to as riskTCM, which aims at reducing the radiation risk to the patient by taking into account the specific radiation risk of every dose-sensitive organ. (bvsalud.org)
Absorbed Dose -- The mean energy imparted to the irradiated medium, per unit mass, by ionizing radiation. (cdc.gov)

The pair correlation functions of the so-called basic scattering functions are expressed as a linear combination of eigenvectors. (scirp.org)

INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY ENVIRONMENT HEALTH CRITERIA 23 LASERS AND OPTICAL RADIATION This report contains the collective views of an international group of experts and does not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, or the World Health Organization. (inchem.org)

The most harmful of these are photons of ultraviolet radiation. (roofingcontractor.com)

Anatomy6

Organisms3

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs37

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment89

Phenomena and Processes83

Disciplines and Occupations18

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture15

Humanities1

Information Science18

Health Care30

Geographicals1

Small-Angle X-Ra11

Absorption15

Wavelength6

Diffraction3

Electromagnetic6

Spectroscopy3

Aerosols7

Absorb4

Particles7

Neutron6

Measurements3

Synchrotron radiation facilities1

Spectral1

Electrons3

Zinc Oxide3

Light15

Interaction2

Atomic4

Physics6

Resonant1

Techniques2

Line-of-si2

Solar radiation4

Extinction2

Describe1

Coherent1

19821

Effects6

Earth's1

Molecules1

Structures3

Atmospheric1

Radiative properties1

Dust2

Propagation1

Surfaces2

Simulations2

Examples1

Aerosol properties1

Molecular3

Characterization1

Surface properties1

Fraction1

Terahertz1

Microstructure3

Study3

Material's1

Dose3

Functions1

Lasers1

Photons1