Promoter gene genes reporter. Medical search. Frequent questions

We examined the activities of cloned promoter DNA fragments with luciferase assay. (molvis.org)
In a promoter bashing assay, specific point mutations or deletions are made in specific regions of the promoter and the transcription of the gene is then measured. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins which associate with the promoter can be identified using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and the effects of inclusion or exclusion of the proteins with the mutagenized promoters can be assessed in the assay. (wikipedia.org)
This is an example procedure for a promoter bashing assay, adapted from Boulin et al. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning is necessary for the assay because it ensures that the promoter is the only factor affecting expression. (wikipedia.org)
However, it is possible that there may not be enough data present and the assay must be re-run with a different promoter region and/or different mutations. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic Luciferase Reporter System or Reporter gene assay has become an invaluable tool in studies of gene expression. (cdc.gov)
Here we design a high-throughput reporter assay called enhancer × promoter self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing (ExP STARR-seq) and applied it to examine the combinatorial compatibilities of 1,000 enhancer and 1,000 promoter sequences in human K562 cells. (nature.com)
Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) experiments suggested that LsARF3 could physically interact with the LsCO promoter, which was further confirmed by a dual luciferase assay in tobacco leaves. (frontiersin.org)
DNA repair gene polymorphisms were determined by Real-Time allelic discrimination assay. (nel.edu)
Here, by exploiting a high-throughput enhancer reporter assay, we unravel a set of mammalian promoters displaying enhancer activity. (nih.gov)
We've also swapped in the red firefly luciferase reporter (rFLuc), which opens up the possibility of performing a dual-spectral luciferase assay and delivers greater sensitivity for in vivo applications than conventional luciferase. (systembio.com)
Here, we use a human cell-based reporter assay to characterize off- target cleavage of Cas9-based RGENs. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, two-point base pair mutations in any of the three identified NFAT sites within the rat insulin I promoter resulted in a significant reduction in the combined effect of glucose and GLP-1. (diabetesjournals.org)
Mutations] (mut) of the Z‐boxes render the promoter less sensitive to suppression by ZEB1. (wikiversity.org)
Mutations in the PB2 and PA genes were generated by PCR amplification of the RNA polymerase I plasmid for the PB2 and PA segments with primers possessing the desired mutations (primer sequences available upon request). (cdc.gov)
It is due to mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) that catalyses the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide (GlcCer). (fundacionareces.es)
To do this, first both the GBA gene mutations and the variations in the promoter of GlcCer synthase are analysed in patients with GD. (fundacionareces.es)
Experiments "show that site-specific mutations in either G or I, but not GT boxes, in the context of the full rbcS-IA promoter, drastically affect the rbcS-IA promoter-dependent expression of Adh and [ β -glucuronidas] GUS reporter genes. (wikiversity.org)
If this is the case, gene-correction presents a solution for patients with known monogenetic mutations. (lu.se)

Proteins which affect the promoter must also be added to those cells - often those proteins are placed on the same or different plasmid under the regulation of a constitutively active promoter. (wikipedia.org)
Many constitutively active promoters are used to induce overexpression of exogenous genes ( Table 1 ). (genengnews.com)

For example, to study the expression of β-tubulin in C. elegans , the coding sequence of the β-tubulin gene was replaced by the gfp gene. (jove.com)
Therefore, the entire oligodendroglial differentiation, diffuse astrocytomas, oligoastrocytomas, coding sequence of the LATS1 gene in IDH1 Mutation, and 1P/19q loSS and oligodendrogliomas. (who.int)

We identify simple rules for enhancer-promoter compatibility, whereby most enhancers activate all promoters by similar amounts, and intrinsic enhancer and promoter activities multiplicatively combine to determine RNA output ( R 2 = 0.82). (nature.com)
Together, this systematic assessment of enhancer-promoter compatibility suggests a multiplicative model tuned by enhancer and promoter class to control gene transcription in the human genome. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Enhancer and promoter activities combine multiplicatively. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: Promoter classes correspond to enhancer responsive versus ubiquitously expressed genes. (nature.com)
Fig. 5: P2 promoters contain built-in enhancer sequences. (nature.com)
van Arensbergen, J., van Steensel, B. & Bussemaker, H. J. In search of the determinants of enhancer-promoter interaction specificity. (nature.com)
Several studies have suggested that some promoters might play enhancer functions. (nih.gov)
A complex intronic enhancer regulates expression of the CFTR gene by direct interaction with the promoter. (duke.edu)
Transfection of promoter-reporter constructs demonstrated that the element displays classical tissue-specific enhancer properties and can independently recruit factors necessary for transcription initiation. (duke.edu)

This is achieved by linking the firefly luciferase gene to a promoter sequence. (cdc.gov)

EMSA and dual-luciferase reporter assays further confirmed that STM3 could directly bind the promoter region to activate FUL1 expression. (nature.com)
Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that the Adcy1 promoter is selectively activated by neuronal PAS-domain protein 2 (NPAS2)/BMAL1. (jneurosci.org)

Gene ID: 5925, OMIM 614041 ) gene, which encodes a tumor suppressor protein. (molvis.org)
One of the well-known reporter genes is one that encodes for a protein called green fluorescent protein - or GFP. (jove.com)
In addition to these promotion-flowering genes, TERMINATING FLOWER ( TMF ) encodes an ALOG family protein and affects inflorescence organization in tomato. (nature.com)
The third gene, vanA , Francisco, CA). encodes an ATP-dependent D-Ala-D-Lac ligase. (cdc.gov)

Under normal circumstances, proteins bind to the promoter and activate or repress transcription. (wikipedia.org)
As the promoter commonly contains binding sequences for proteins affecting transcription, those proteins are also necessary when testing the effects of the promoter. (wikipedia.org)
This allows the use of promoter bashing to not only discover the location on the DNA strand which affects transcription, but also the proteins which affect that strand. (wikipedia.org)
ii) gutless adenoviral vectors, by genetic modifications of the fibre and hexon proteins of the adenoviral capsids, as well as through the use of combined cell type specific and inducible promoters. (europa.eu)
Compared to the delivery of recombinant proteins, gene therapy provides several advantages such as lower manufacturing costs and increased bioactivity of the produced proteins due to host-specific posttranslational modifications and correct folding of the locally produced growth factors. (genengnews.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. (cancerindex.org)
Then, we selected 48 genes that may encode uncharacterised effectors (e. g. no detectable amino acid identity to other proteins or with a particular putative biochemical activity) from the genome of C. trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu. (europa.eu)
We also tested secretion of 11 out of these 13 proteins when expressed from an arabinose-inducible promoter in Y. enterocolitica, which revealed T3S-dependent secretion of 7 proteins. (europa.eu)

Glucose and GLP-1 also synergistically activated NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells)-mediated transcription from a minimal promoter construct containing tandem NFAT consensus sequences. (diabetesjournals.org)
This spacer and the putative promoter 600 bp upstream from the hsa‐miR‐200c stem-loop contain six putative binding sequences for [zinc‐finger E‐box binding homeobox 1] ZEB1, two of which were restricted to ZEB factors (Z‐box 1 and 2, CAGGTA). (wikiversity.org)
As in the case of the G box sequence, previous [ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit] RBCS gene expression studies with transgenic plants have failed to demonstrate a requirement for these I box sequences, although mutation of what are likely to be functionally related sequences in CAB genes does affect expression (Gidoni et al. (wikiversity.org)
Although the RBCS1, RBCS2 and RBCS3A promoters contain closely related cis regulatory sequences, the expression patterns of the genes are different. (wikiversity.org)
Furthermore, nucleotide sequences related to the cluster vanHAX are present in this DNA, suggesting that the prolonged use of avoparcin in agriculture led to the uptake of glycopeptide resistance genes by animal commensal bacteria, which were subsequently transferred to humans. (cdc.gov)

The ability of upstream promoters can be easily assayed by removing segments from the 5' end, and the same for the 3' end of the strand for downstream promoters. (wikipedia.org)
A 5' upstream sequence between -643 and -284 in the PEPC promoter appears to be critical in regulating nodule specific expression of PEPC. (usda.gov)
With the pGreenFire 2.0 Estrogen Response Element Reporter Lentivector & Virus (pGF2-ERE-rFluc-T2A-GFP-mPGK-Puro), the core reporter functionality is similar to the original pGreenFire lentivector-estrogen-responsive transcriptional response elements (TREs) are placed upstream of a minimal CMV promoter (mCMV) which together drive co-expression of rFLuc and GFP in response to estrogen. (systembio.com)
What makes our next-gen pGreenFire 2.0 vectors even better than other TRE reporter vectors is the smart design, which adds in a constitutive selection cassette for stable cell line generation while minimizing interference with the upstream TRE. (systembio.com)

Gene regulation in the human genome is controlled by distal enhancers that activate specific nearby promoters 1 . (nature.com)
However, the degree to which human enhancers and promoters are intrinsically compatible has not yet been systematically measured, and how their activities combine to control RNA expression remains unclear. (nature.com)
In addition, two classes of enhancers and promoters show subtle preferential effects. (nature.com)
Promoters of housekeeping genes contain built-in activating motifs for factors such as GABPA and YY1, which decrease the responsiveness of promoters to distal enhancers. (nature.com)
Promoters of variably expressed genes lack these motifs and show stronger responsiveness to enhancers. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Compatibility classes of enhancers and promoters. (nature.com)
Gene expression in mammals is precisely regulated by combination of promoters and gene-distal regulatory regions, known as enhancers. (nih.gov)
For the last 30 years, mapping chromatin accessible sites has been the gold standard method to identify the location of active regulatory elements, including promoters, enhancers, silencers, and locus control regions. (duke.edu)

However, the promoters used in most pathway engineering studies in S. cerevisiae have not been characterized and compared in parallel under multiple conditions that are routinely operated in laboratory and the number of known promoters is rather limited for the construction of large biochemical pathways. (nih.gov)
Here a total of 14 constitutive promoters from S. cerevisiae were cloned and characterized using a green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter in a 2 µ vector pRS426, under varying glucose and oxygen concentrations. (nih.gov)

pSELECT-zeo contains a multiple cloning site (MCS) downstream of the composite promoter for convenient cloning of a gene of interest. (invivogen.com)

In the present study, we aim to reveal the role of SUMO1 in the regulation of ER-mediated CRH promoter activation. (nel.edu)
Extensive CRISPR/Cas9 genomic manipulation demonstrated their involvement in cis-regulation of distal gene expression in their natural loci. (nih.gov)
Our results have important implications for the understanding of complex gene regulation in normal development and disease. (nih.gov)
Our study demonstrates a circadian rhythm of contrast sensitivity that peaks during the daytime, and that its regulation involves interactions of D4Rs, the clock gene Npas2 , and the clock-controlled gene adenylyl cyclase 1 ( Adcy1 ) in a subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). (jneurosci.org)
These data provide the first insight into the three- dimensional (3D) structure of the CFTR locus and confirm the contribution of intronic cis-acting elements to the regulation of CFTR gene expression. (duke.edu)

The absolute transcriptional activity of the promoter was 55‐fold higher than the activity of the spacer sequence. (wikiversity.org)
SIP1 represses cyclin D1 transcriptional activity via direct interaction with Z-boxes 1-3 in the cyclin D1 promoter. (wikiversity.org)
In addition, we also examined the transcriptional activity of hsp70 genes in larval MT cells at different times after HS by in situ hybridization and Northern blotting. (bioone.org)

There have been significant advances in the genetic epidemiology of lung function, but the causal genetic variants and causal genes, and the mechanisms by which they influence lung function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases remain incompletely understood. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Here we describe the Genetic Luciferase Reporter System as the method for detecting alteration of gene expression in response to external stimuli (e.g., nanoparticle s). (cdc.gov)
Gene therapy represents the delivery of therapeutic factors as genetic information encoded on a DNA vector and has also become a potent tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. (genengnews.com)
Increased genetic risk for melanoma can occur in the context of germline pathogenic variants in high-penetrance genes, such as CDKN2A and CDK4, risk variants in low- to moderate-penetrance genes (MC1R and MITF), and possibly due to variants in emerging genes, such as ACD, TERF2IP, and TERT. (bvsalud.org)

Gene expression was analyzed by measuring beta-galactosidase activity in tissue homogenates or visualizing enzymatic activity or protein production at a cellular level by in situ histochemistry or immunocytochemistry. (nih.gov)
A reporter gene codes for a protein that can be tracked, such as a protein with a known enzymatic activity or one that is fluorescent. (jove.com)
Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. (jove.com)
Thus, reporter genes "report" the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell. (jove.com)
Commonly used reporter genes are - GFP (green fluorescent protein gene), lacZ (β- galactosidase gene), RFP (red fluorescent protein gene), and Luc (luciferase gene). (jove.com)
We have previously identified NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) as a key regulator of insulin gene transcription in pancreatic β-cells that is activated by the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin) in response to increased [Ca 2+ ] i ( 10 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
One basic problem is how a decrease in tRNA levels, by downregulating Pol III efficiency, influences the expression pattern of protein-coding genes. (mdpi.com)
GFP fusion protein for which expression is driven by an NF-κB-inducible promoter. (invivogen.com)
The activity of the Lucia luciferase reporter protein can be readily assessed using the QUANTI-Luc™ detection reagent. (invivogen.com)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
In RGM, the Snrpn promoter is coupled to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and produces fluorescence only when not methylated. (epigenie.com)
For this, we constructed translational fusions comprising the first 20 amino acids of the IncA or IncC effectors and a reporter protein (the mature form of TEM-1 beta-lactamase), expressed under the control of the Y. enterocolitica yopE effector gene promoter (PyopE). (europa.eu)
This lack of transcription could be due to a mutation in the RBCS3A promoter creating the so-called F-box, a protein binding site located between the activating cis elements, the I-box and G-box. (wikiversity.org)

One pathway results from the direct effect of increased [Ca 2+ ] i , which activates calcineurin, and in turn, it upregulates insulin gene transcription via NFAT. (diabetesjournals.org)
The second pathway also involves glucose metabolism but appears to be driven by glucose-derived factors that target insulin gene transcription independently of [Ca 2+ ] i . (diabetesjournals.org)
As an example of application for these promoters in metabolic engineering, the genes involved in xylan degradation and zeaxanthin biosynthesis were subsequently cloned under the control of promoters with medium to high strength and assembled into a single pathway. (nih.gov)
SBI has upgraded our popular pGreenFire signaling pathway reporter lentivectors with a design that leads to more reliable generation of stable cell lines. (systembio.com)
The pGreenFire 2.0 Estrogen Response Element Reporter efficiently and quantitatively reports on estrogen signaling pathway activity in HeLa cells. (systembio.com)

Transform cells of interest with the various promoter:reporter constructs. (wikipedia.org)
The promoter and reporter constructs must be ligated into a plasmid and transformed into cells in which that plasmid can be expressed to measure the activity of each promoter sequence. (wikipedia.org)
GUS reporter gene constructs target B-glucuronidase enzyme activity to both infected and uninfected cells. (usda.gov)

We investigated the expression of genes of interest using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. (molvis.org)
We also demonstrated that the −657 to +411 DCT promoter fragment efficiently directs RB cell-specific transcription of the luciferase reporter gene in cell lines. (molvis.org)
Promoter bashing is a technique used in molecular biology to identify how certain regions of a DNA strand, commonly promoters, affect the transcription of downstream genes. (wikipedia.org)
The contribution of a region of the promoter can be observed by the level of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
If a mutation or deletion changes the level of transcription, then it is known that that region of the promoter may be a binding site or other regulatory element. (wikipedia.org)
Measure reporter-gene transcription rates. (wikipedia.org)
The gene products are assayed and the rates of reporter transcription are measured. (wikipedia.org)
Currently there is intense interest to define the mechanism of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in regulating β-cell function, including insulin gene transcription. (diabetesjournals.org)
These data suggest that the synergistic action of glucose and GLP-1 to promote insulin gene transcription is mediated through NFAT via PKA- and calcineurin-dependent pathways in pancreatic β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
The rate of insulin gene transcription in pancreatic β-cells is regulated by a complex integration of signals derived from nutrients, hormones, and neurotransmitters ( 1 - 5 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
NFAT binds to three distinct NFAT elements within the rat I insulin promoter and activates insulin gene transcription. (diabetesjournals.org)
Two signaling pathways arising from glucose metabolism converge to activate NFAT-mediated insulin gene transcription. (diabetesjournals.org)
Floral inducers including FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), FD, SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and LFEAY (LFY) activate the transcription of the majority of genes floral genes, promoting Arabidopsis bolting and flowering ( Johansson and Staiger, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
pSELECT-zeo plasmids contain two transcription units, the first drives the expression of the gene of interest and the second drives the expression of a Zeocin™ selectable marker. (invivogen.com)

A construct containing the bacterial LacZ gene driven by a fragment of the beta-PDE 5' flanking region (-297 to +53) was used to generate transgenic mice. (nih.gov)
pSELECT-zeo is also available with the LacZ reporter gene and can be used as control vector. (invivogen.com)

Gene technology, combined with a solid knowledge of catabolic pathways and microbial physiology, enables the experimental evolution of new or improved catabolic activities for such pollutants. (igem.org)
Resistance arises by mutation (influencing the target or efflux of the antimicrobial agent) or by the acquisition of resistance genes (encoding antimicrobial or target alter- ation, or alternate pathways) (2,3). (cdc.gov)

Transcriptome analysis shows that several floral development-related genes are affected by STM3 mutation. (nature.com)

The pattern and timing of gene expression can be determined by creating recombinant DNA with a reporter gene under the control of a cis -regulatory sequence of interest and introducing it into cells or an organism. (jove.com)

Ongoing anti-cancer gene therapy clinical trials have highlighted the need for more efficient and safer vectors. (europa.eu)
Thus, we will develop novel targeted viral vectors for applications to cancer gene therapy. (europa.eu)
All vectors will express a reporter/suicide gene, and they will be tested using in vivo models of liver and brain tumours. (europa.eu)
This proposal brings together European leaders with expertise covering from the development of novel viral vectors to the implementation of clinical trials of gene therapy. (europa.eu)
A common suicide/reporter gene will first be used for all vectors, and then additional therapeutic genes will be tested. (europa.eu)
We thus aim to obtain well characterized, safe, and efficient gene therapy vectors, as well as pre-clinical data supporting the further testing of such vectors in clinical trials. (europa.eu)
This leads to Phase-III of this research programme in which the most powerful targeted vectors will be chosen to be developed further, by inserting novel powerful therapeutic genes into them. (europa.eu)
This review summarizes different DNA vector modifications to enhance biological efficacy and efficiency of therapeutical vectors, aiming for low toxicity, high specificity, and biological efficacy-the cornerstones for successful translation of gene therapy into the clinic. (genengnews.com)
We aim to provide a step-by-step instruction to optimize their vectors to achieve the desired outcome of gene therapy. (genengnews.com)
2 , 3 Viral gene transfer strategies [retroviruses, 4 adenoviruses, 5 adeno-associated viruses, 6 , 7 herpes viruses, 8 lentiviruses, 9 and Epstein-Barr viruses (EBV) 10 ] show by far the highest transfection efficiencies, whereas nonviral vectors are limited in their efficacy to deliver genes. (genengnews.com)
12 , 13 Nevertheless, independently of used gene delivery strategy, optimized and improved DNA vectors are essential and will boost the promising field of gene therapy further to the clinics. (genengnews.com)
The following methods and tools for gene therapeutic vectors are not restricted to a specific type of therapeutical system or application and hence can be adapted to improve both viral and nonviral vectors. (genengnews.com)

Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. (jove.com)
The strengths of these promoters varied no more than sixfold in the mean fluorescence intensity of GFP, with promoter TEF1p being the strongest and promoter PGI1p the weakest. (nih.gov)
THP1-ASC-GFP cells are inflammasome reporter cells that allow the monitoring of ASC-dependent inflammasome formation using fluorescence microscopy. (invivogen.com)

It is often easiest to ligate the promoter into the reporter, generate a large amount of the reporter construct using PCR or growth in bacteria, and then perform serial restriction digests on this sample. (wikipedia.org)
Our review provides the means to either construct a potent gene therapeutic vector de novo or to specifically address a bottleneck in the chain of events mandatory for therapeutic success. (genengnews.com)
However, one should construct a promoter-reporter line to study with better resolution if their expression is spatially analogous. (helsinki.fi)

However, the extent of this type of promoters and whether they actually function to regulate the expression of distal genes have remained elusive. (nih.gov)

Transfection keeps the constitutive RSV promoter intact, leading to nonspecific expression of the reporter genes. (systembio.com)

Both glucose and GLP-1 stimulate insulin promoter activity, stabilize proinsulin mRNA, and increase proinsulin biosynthesis ( 14 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Targeted disruption of the gene encoding D4Rs reduces the amplitude of the contrast sensitivity rhythm by reducing daytime sensitivity and abolishes the rhythmic expression of Npas2 and Adcy1 mRNA in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina. (jneurosci.org)

Here at EpiGenie we like to think of ourselves as reporters of genomic methylation, but two new studies from the lab of Rudolf Jaenisch at MIT give us a run for our money and demonstrate the utility of their reporter of genomic methylation (RGM) . (epigenie.com)
This promoter not only drives methylation-sensitive expression, but it also takes on the methylation profile of any regulatory sequence that lies next to it. (epigenie.com)
As expected, bisulfite sequencing revealed that DNA methylation from the paternal IG-DMR spread to the Snrpn promoter and silenced GFP, while the lack of DNA methylation at the maternal IG-DMR allowed the Snrpn promoter to drive the expression of Tom. (epigenie.com)
The methylation status of the RGM system correlates with the expected natural parent-of-origin specific gene expression. (epigenie.com)
Reciprocally, they added Snrpn -GFP to Gapdh , a gene widely expressed in mESCs and an ideal site for some de novo DNA methylation by dCas9-Dnmt3a, which silenced GFP expression. (epigenie.com)

Although polymorphisms or splice variants in genes encoding LT biosynthetic enzymes 10 , 11 and receptors 12 , as well as glucocorticoid receptors 13 , have been reported, these are, thus far, either of uncertain functional significance or can account for only a small proportion of variation in therapeutic responsiveness to asthma controller medications 14 - 18 . (ersjournals.com)
We aimed to identify germline variants in high- and low- to moderate-penetrance melanoma risk genes in Brazilian patients with clinical criteria for familial melanoma syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
In 36 patients, we identified 2 (5.6%) with germline pathogenic variants in CDKN2A and BAP1 and 4 (11.1%) with variants of uncertain significance in the high-penetrance genes. (bvsalud.org)
The low frequency of germline pathogenic variants in the high-penetrance genes and the high prevalence of MC1R variants found in our cohort show the importance of the MC1R genotype in determining the risk of melanoma in the Brazilian melanoma-prone families. (bvsalud.org)
Variants were determined in the MC1R gene that showed a relationship with coat color in alpacas and llamas at the level of the coding region. (bvsalud.org)
Common variants of the MC1R gene coding the α-melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor are associated with light skin, poor tanning, blond or red hair, and increased melanoma risk, due to pigment-dependent and -independent effects. (bvsalud.org)

LAZY1 is one of the major genes that affects branch and tiller angle in herbaceous and woody species such as Arabidopsis, rice and peach tree. (helsinki.fi)
1989), and has been shown to be involved in the activation of an Arabidopsis CAB gene by light and by the circadian clock (Anderson and Kay, 1995). (wikiversity.org)

The regulatory elements required for this cell-specific gene expression are likely located within its proximal promoter. (molvis.org)

This study demonstrates the utility of the human beta-PDE promoter for directing the expression of foreign genes to photoreceptors and suggests that the -297 to +53 beta-PDE 5' flanking region fragment may have important implications for therapeutic gene delivery to the visual cells. (nih.gov)
So far, viral and nonviral approaches suffer from major drawbacks hindering efficient gene therapeutic applicability: the immunogenicity of viral systems on the one hand, and the low gene transfer efficiency of nonviral systems on the other hand. (genengnews.com)

Chromosomal damage and polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XRCC1 and XRCC3 in workers exposed to chromium. (nel.edu)
Our study investigates chromosomal damage related to chromium exposure, considering the role of polymorphisms in relevant DNA repair genes. (nel.edu)
Polymorphisms in XRCC3 gene did not modulate the frequencies of CAs, CTAs and CSAs. (nel.edu)
Halasova E, Matakova T, Musak L, Polakova V, Vodicka P. Chromosomal damage and polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XRCC1 and XRCC3 in workers exposed to chromium. (nel.edu)

These promoters have distinct genomic and epigenomic features and frequently interact with other gene-promoters. (nih.gov)

SUMO1 enhances 17-beta estradiol's effect on CRH promoter activation through estrogen receptors. (nel.edu)
Zhu H, Zhou J. SUMO1 enhances 17-beta estradiol's effect on CRH promoter activation through estrogen receptors. (nel.edu)

RGM utilizes the minimal promoter from the imprinted Snrpn gene. (epigenie.com)

In some methods of promoter bashing, multiple restriction digests are used to systematically remove elements of the promoters-this method ensures that the regions of the promoter removed do not contribute to reporter expression. (wikipedia.org)

Among them, FRUITFULL1 ( FUL1 ) is downregulated in stm3cr mutants, and its promoter is bound by STM3 by ChIP-qPCR analysis. (nature.com)

My research involves identifying gene regulatory elements across the genome to help us understand how chromatin structure dictates cell function and fate. (duke.edu)

First, they inserted Snrpn- GFP into Dazl , a germline specific gene that isn't active in mESCs, making it a perfect target for the DNA demethylation powers of dCas9-Tet1, which activated GFP expression. (epigenie.com)

ATRX can bind the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) sequence in the promoter region of the α-globin gene cluster. (jascoinc.com)

Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis was used to highlight the most relevant GO terms associated with a given gene list following toxin exposure. (plos.org)

We previously demonstrated that 350 bp of the human rod cGMP phosphodiesterase beta-subunit (beta-PDE) gene promoter are sufficient to direct high levels of gene expression in human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells in vitro. (nih.gov)

Since the gene of interest and the reporter gene have the same cis -regulatory sequence, they are expressed in the same cells and at the same time. (jove.com)
The cells expressing the Luc gene produce luciferase enzymes that catalyze a reaction with luciferin to produce light. (jove.com)
In this study, GLP-1 (100 nmol/l), in the presence of glucose (11 mmol/l), induced a ∼71-fold increase in insulin gene promoter activity in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells, an effect that was an order of magnitude larger than with either stimulant alone. (diabetesjournals.org)
Transcriptional targeting of transgenes expression to tumour cells will be obtained using tumour cell type specific promoter. (europa.eu)
Gene transfer, a method to introduce exogenous genes into host cells, represents the state-of-the-art technology to evaluate functions and expression patterns of genes. (genengnews.com)
This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
InvivoGen also provides THP1-KO-ASC cells featuring a biallelic knockout of the human ASC gene. (invivogen.com)
For detecting and quantifying the release of mature human (h)IL-1β, InvivoGen provides HEK-Blue™ IL-1β sensor cells , which express an NF-κB-inducible SEAP reporter gene. (invivogen.com)
CHO-K1 cells were transfected with human ER and SUMO1 expressing plasmids together with the CRH promoter reporter gene. (nel.edu)
We found that estradiol could elevate CRH promoter activity to a much higher level in cells co-transfected with ER and SUMO1 than that with ER alone, and that the enhancement was blocked by the ER inhibitor, ICI182,780. (nel.edu)
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) is expressed primarily in epithelial cells. (duke.edu)
Moreover, using chromosome conformation capture (3C) analysis, we show that this element interacts with the CFTR promoter in CFTR-expressing cells. (duke.edu)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

An element located within a DNase I-hypersensitive site (DHS) 10 kb into the first intron was previously shown to augment CFTR promoter activity in a tissue-specific manner. (duke.edu)

pSELECT-zeo plasmids offer all the features necessary to express a gene of interest at high levels in a large number of cell types. (invivogen.com)

By using a weak/moderate mPGK promoter to drive the antibiotic selection marker (puromycin resistance) and carefully arranging the conditional reporter genes, the selection marker is reliably expressed without compromising conditional expression of rFLuc and GFP. (systembio.com)
A cluster and humans coming into contact with the animals (farm that includes three genes, vanH , vanA , and vanX , is required for high-level resistance to glycopeptides. (cdc.gov)
The actual origins of acquired resistance genes are unknown, but environmental microbes, including the strains producing antimicrobial agents, are believed to be important sources (4,5). (cdc.gov)

A comprehensive understanding of gene expression in human RB is essential for the development of safe and effective new therapies. (molvis.org)

Photoreceptor-specific reporter gene expression is driven in vivo by a 350-bp segment of the beta-PDE 5' flanking sequence. (nih.gov)

Anatomy17

Organisms15

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs103

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Phenomena and Processes92

Information Science3

Assay13

Mutations7

Constitutively active2

Coding sequence2

Enhancer9

Linking the firefly luciferase1

Assays2

Encodes4

Proteins8

Sequences5

Upstream4

Enhancers8

Cerevisiae2

Cloning1

Regulation5

Transcriptional activity3

Genetic4

Protein13

Pathway5

Constructs3

Transcription14

LacZ2

Pathways2

Mutation1

Organism1

Vectors12

Fluorescence3

Construct3

Distal1

Transfection1

MRNA2

Methylation5

Variants6

Arabidopsis2

Proximal1

Therapeutic2

Polymorphisms4

Genomic1

Receptors2

Minimal1

Regions1

Mutants1

Regulatory elements1

Germline1

Bind1

Ontology1

Retinoblastoma1

Cells13

Activity1

Plasmids1

Resistance3

Understanding of gene expression1

Expression is driven1