• Na(+) influx via Orai1 inhibits intracellular ATP-induced mTORC2 signaling to disrupt CD4 T cell gene expression and differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Cloning is necessary for the assay because it ensures that the promoter is the only factor affecting expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA Sequencing is necessary to identify differences in mutated promoters from the wild-type promoter, and to correlate those differences with differences in gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • In some methods of promoter bashing, multiple restriction digests are used to systematically remove elements of the promoters-this method ensures that the regions of the promoter removed do not contribute to reporter expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • The promoters to be assayed must be ligated to a reporter gene so that gene expression levels can be measured. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, these results demonstrate that LsARF3 could promote lettuce bolting in response to the high temperature by directly or indirectly activating the expression of floral genes such as LsCO, which provides new insights into lettuce bolting in the context of ARFs signaling and heat response. (frontiersin.org)
  • Luciferase-containing plasmids are commonly used to investigate the effect of regulatory elements, such as promoters, enhancers and untranslated regions, or the effect of mutations of these regulatory elements on gene expression. (addgene.org)
  • In addition, Addgene has many luciferase expression constructs available that are driven by a strong constitutive promoter and can be used to monitor transfection or viral infection efficiency, to study changes in cell physiology, or as a reference level of expression. (addgene.org)
  • In Bacillus subtilis the DegS-DegU two-component regulatory system controls various processes that characterize the transition form the exponential to the stationary growth phase, including the induction of extracellular degradative enzymes, expression of late competence genes and down regulation of the sigma D regulon, which encompasses the genes involved in motility, chemotaxis and autolysin production. (uni-marburg.de)
  • aphA3) strains led to the identification of nine genes whose transcription was increased when the cell were subjected to high osmotic environment and concomitantly this expression was dependent on the availability of degS and degU gene products. (uni-marburg.de)
  • 1990). Use of the human elongation factor 1 alpha promoter as a versatile and efficient expression system. (invivogen.com)
  • 1988). SR alpha promoter: an efficient and versatile mammalian cDNA expression system composed of the simian virus 40 early promoter and the R-U5 segment of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 long terminal repeat. (invivogen.com)
  • Expression of MLL-fusions enhances proliferation and blocks myeloid differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, leading to their pathological accumulation. (nature.com)
  • Localization of Elements Important for the Wound-Inducible Expression of a Chimeric Potato Proteinase-Inhibitor Ii-Cat Gene in Transgenic Tobacco Plants. (mpg.de)
  • Cis Regulatory Elements Directing Tuber-Specific and Sucrose-Inducible Expression of a Chimeric Class-I Patatin Promoter Gus-Gene Fusion. (mpg.de)
  • Tuber-specific gene expression in transgenic potato plants. (mpg.de)
  • Gene-Expression during Tuber Development in Potato Plants. (mpg.de)
  • We previously demonstrated that 350 bp of the human rod cGMP phosphodiesterase beta-subunit (beta-PDE) gene promoter are sufficient to direct high levels of gene expression in human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • Gene expression was analyzed by measuring beta-galactosidase activity in tissue homogenates or visualizing enzymatic activity or protein production at a cellular level by in situ histochemistry or immunocytochemistry. (nih.gov)
  • Photoreceptor-specific reporter gene expression is driven in vivo by a 350-bp segment of the beta-PDE 5' flanking sequence. (nih.gov)
  • This study demonstrates the utility of the human beta-PDE promoter for directing the expression of foreign genes to photoreceptors and suggests that the -297 to +53 beta-PDE 5' flanking region fragment may have important implications for therapeutic gene delivery to the visual cells. (nih.gov)
  • DEAF-1 activates the expression of Mtk and Drs promoter-luciferase fusion genes in S2 cells. (sdbonline.org)
  • DEAF-1 recognizes several TTCG motifs within the portion of the Dfd autoregulatory region termed 'module E.' In addition, DEAF-1 binds several similar motifs within a Dfd response element ( DRE ) from the 1.28 gene that enhances maxillary gene expression during embryogenesis (Pederson, 2000). (sdbonline.org)
  • Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
  • Mechanistically, EPB41L4A-AS2, acting at least in part as a tumor suppressor, upregulated tumor suppressor gene expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • They typically consist of a gene (intI) encoding an integrase (that catalyzes the gene cassette movement by site-specific recombination), a recombination site (attI1), and a promoter (Pc) responsible for the expression of inserted gene cassettes. (pasteur.fr)
  • GFP fusion protein for which expression is driven by an NF-κB-inducible promoter. (invivogen.com)
  • By using an expression vector, a 680 bp PSA promoter isolated from a prostate cancer patient demonstrated the prostate-specific expression of the reporter gene [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The rat PB gene promoter (454 bp) contains ARE [ 11 ] and directs a hormonal and developmental regulated expression, of a heterologous gene, specifically to the prostate in transgenic mice [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • As both STIL exon 1 and TAL1 exon 3 are 5'-untranslated exons, STIL/TAL1 fusion mRNA predicts a full length TAL1 protein under the control of the STIL promoter, leading to inappropriate TAL1 expression. (proteopedia.org)
  • Expression of the SIL gene is correlated with growth induction and cellular proliferation. (proteopedia.org)
  • This can lead to the formation of a chimeric gene that combines functional domains from both fusion partner genes, or to a promoter swapping event, where the promoter of one gene is replaced with another, leading to altered gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transcription analysis showed that the expression levels of the HpDGAT2A , HpDGAT2D , and HpDGAT2E genes markedly increased under high light and nitrogen deficient conditions with distinct patterns, which led to significant TAG and EAST accumulation. (researchsquare.com)
  • Here, we have carried out whole exome and RNA sequencing of commonly used glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines (U87, T98G, LN229, U343, U373 and LN18) to unearth single nucleotide variations (SNVs), indels, differential gene expression, gene fusions and RNA editing events. (oncotarget.com)
  • I would also be interested in a construct where the URA3 and GFP weren't fused, but were located immediately adjacent to each other, with only as much room between them as is necessary to allow expression of both genes. (bio.net)
  • Both high expression promoters such as GAL1 and lower expression promoters are of interest. (bio.net)
  • In this model, the senescence-sensitive promoter from the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A ( Cdkn2a ) gene, also known as p16 INK4a , drives expression of 3MR, a fusion protein that is composed of luciferase and red fluorescent protein (RFP) reporters and herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase, which converts ganciclovir (GCV) into an apoptosis inducer. (jax.org)
  • The present invention relates to the designing and synthesis of a completely artificial bidirectional expression module that can also be referred to as bidirectional promoter module. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The present invention relates to an artificial bidirectional promoter for activation of gene expression in plants. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The process of gene expression involves two constitutive steps i.e., transcription and translation and leads to the formation of a protein or polypeptide or in some cases RNA with specific functions. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The process of transcription is the most important regulatory step in the process of gene expression and its regulation. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The initiation of transcription and modulation of gene expression in eukaryotic genes is directed by a variety of DNA sequence elements collectively arranged in a larger sequence called promoter. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The activation of the core promoter is done by the additional sequence of regulatory DNA sequence elements to which various proteins bind and subsequently interact with the transcription initiation complex to activate gene expression. (allindianpatents.com)
  • Expression of these genes had no impact on dormancy in murine models, but their expression correlated with disease-free survival in primary human breast cancer tumors, suggesting that these genes have predictive value in determining which patients are likely to recur. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dormant breast cancer cells exhibit a distinct gene expression signature regardless of metastatic site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we developed an efficient system for isolating rare dormant breast cancer cells in experimental metastases models and performed scRNA-seq comparing gene expression in dormant vs proliferative breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression of dormancy-related genes identified in our analyses was consistently observed among different breast cancer dormancy models and correlated with breast cancer progression in patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our studies suggest that the gene expression signature we identified in disseminated dormant breast cancer cells exists in the primary site and can be utilized to predict which patients are more likely to experience a breast cancer recurrence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To reduce potentially toxic effect on the host cell, the growth and production phases were separated by using the inducible promoter GAL1p to control recombinant gene expression. (lu.se)
  • Systematic interrogation of gene function requires the ability to perturb gene expression in a robust and generalizable manner. (cdc.gov)
  • The signature of our top screening hits is significantly correlated with gene expression data from clinical melanoma samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)
  • Berry intake changes hepatic gene expression and DNA methylation patterns associated with high-fat diet. (lu.se)
  • Under normal circumstances, proteins bind to the promoter and activate or repress transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the promoter commonly contains binding sequences for proteins affecting transcription, those proteins are also necessary when testing the effects of the promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins which associate with the promoter can be identified using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and the effects of inclusion or exclusion of the proteins with the mutagenized promoters can be assessed in the assay. (wikipedia.org)
  • This allows the use of promoter bashing to not only discover the location on the DNA strand which affects transcription, but also the proteins which affect that strand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins which affect the promoter must also be added to those cells - often those proteins are placed on the same or different plasmid under the regulation of a constitutively active promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • We present the first comprehensive survey of protein-protein interactions of seven distantly related MLL-fusion proteins. (nature.com)
  • Families of related leukemia fusion proteins that share genomic and biological properties represent unique opportunities to study how the combination of distinct functional protein modules can drive oncogenic transformation. (nature.com)
  • MLL-fusion proteins are found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are often associated with adverse prognosis, particularly in pediatric patients 3 . (nature.com)
  • 120 different translocations, resulting in the generation of MLL-fusion proteins encompassing more than 75 different partner genes 5 . (nature.com)
  • It has therefore been proposed that the oncogenic activity of MLL-fusion proteins depends on chromatin targeting functions exerted by the MLL N-terminus in combination with other functional properties encoded by the fusion partners 6 . (nature.com)
  • For instance, the CxxC-domain is essential for DNA binding of MLL-fusion proteins 7 . (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, the MLL-interacting protein Menin links MLL-fusion proteins with LEDGF, and the H3K36me3-binding PWWP domain of LEDGF is critical for the function of MLL-fusions 8 . (nature.com)
  • However, it is unclear whether these molecular mechanisms pertain to the entire family of MLL-fusions or if they specifically affect the leukemogenicity of isolated MLL-fusion proteins. (nature.com)
  • Identification of Potato Nuclear Proteins Binding to the Distal Promoter Region of the Proteinase Inhibitor-Ii Gene. (mpg.de)
  • The adenovirus early region 1 (E1) gene, which comprises E1a and E1b, encodes the viral early proteins that are necessary for adenoviral replication and the consequent oncolysis of permissive host cells. (hindawi.com)
  • In-frame fusions that produce chimeric proteins often drive cancer development and progression via dysregulation of signaling pathways related to the fusion genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2013). A nanobody-based system using fluorescent proteins as scaffolds for cell-specific gene manipulation. (addgene.org)
  • The env gene maintained an ORF coding for a 538-amino acid polypeptide that has all the characteristic features of env proteins and mediates intercellular fusion in vitro [ 11 - 13 ]. (ecancer.org)
  • Transcriptional trans-acting proteins of the promoter elements found in the long terminal repeats (LTR) of HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1 and HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here a total of 14 constitutive promoters from S. cerevisiae were cloned and characterized using a green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter in a 2 µ vector pRS426, under varying glucose and oxygen concentrations. (nih.gov)
  • The added part of the CYP11B2 gene contains a section called a promoter region, which normally controls (regulates) production of the protein made by the CYP11B2 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The detected internal degU promoter was shown to be activated through a positive feedback mechanism from the phosphorylated DegU protein. (uni-marburg.de)
  • TLR1-GFP fusion gene was generated by fusing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene to the C terminus of human Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) gene. (invivogen.com)
  • This fusion protein can be used to study the localization of TLR1. (invivogen.com)
  • This allele is a protein fusion to the Venus YFP followed by the chloramphenicol resistance gene cat under its own promoter. (yale.edu)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
  • Lucia luciferase fusion protein that is released in the supernatant upon pyroptosis. (invivogen.com)
  • GFP fusion protein in the cytoplasm (middle panel). (invivogen.com)
  • Here, using Next Generation Sequencing we identified a novel gene fusion event between DAXX and the kinesin motor protein, KIFC3, leading to the translation of a chimeric DAXX-KIFC3 fusion protein. (oncotarget.com)
  • A number of PSPs have been defined over the years that include, but not limited to, promoters of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), probasin (PB), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV LTR), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), and prostatic steroid-binding protein C3. (hindawi.com)
  • In cancer, genomic rearrangements can create fusion genes that either combine protein-coding sequences from two different partner genes or place one gene under the control of the promoter of another gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The coding region of the carboxy- terminal half of polyhedrin was removed and the remainder was ligated with the IGF II gene in phase to create a fusion protein gene consisting of the coding region of the amino-terminal half of polyhedrin and the IGF II gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This fusion protein gene was combined in a plasmid with the promoter and 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the polyhedrin gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The silkworm larvae infected with the recombinant virus produced 3·6 mg of the fusion protein per larva and the infected BM-N cells produced 0·3 mg per ml of culture. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • IGF II was released from the fusion protein produced by BM-N cells infected with the recombinant virus by CNBr treatment, purified by extraction with guanidine-HCl, column chromatography and HPLC and the correct amino-terminal amino acid sequence confirmed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In a promoter bashing assay, specific point mutations or deletions are made in specific regions of the promoter and the transcription of the gene is then measured. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, it is possible that there may not be enough data present and the assay must be re-run with a different promoter region and/or different mutations. (wikipedia.org)
  • More than 80 mutations in the CYP11B1 gene have been found to cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency, a disorder in which the adrenal glands produce excess male sex hormones (androgens). (medlineplus.gov)
  • CYP11B1 gene mutations that severely reduce or eliminate the function of the enzyme typically result in the classic form of CAH due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some mutations that cause the classic form of CAH due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency fuse sections of the CYP11B1 gene with sections of a nearby gene called CYP11B2 . (medlineplus.gov)
  • in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. (proteopedia.org)
  • While no cell line carried IDH1 mutations, five cell lines showed hTERT promoter activating mutations with a concomitant increase in hTERT transcript levels. (oncotarget.com)
  • To this end, we screen clinical tumor material for disease-causing mutations using deep sequencing technology and we manipulate genes of interest in cancer model systems to understand the true consequences of mutations. (lu.se)
  • Most high-grade cancers harbor mutations in the TP53 gene together with a massive amount of other mutations and chromosome aberrations. (lu.se)
  • The majority of osteosarcomas harbour mutations in the TP53 gene, either point mutations or structural variations that separate the promoter region from the coding parts of TP53. (lu.se)
  • BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations have been shown to correlate with the histopathological features and outcome of DTC. (bvsalud.org)
  • BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations were tested by PCR-based Sanger sequencing. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results: Of 296 patients tested, 137 (46.3%) had BRAFV600E-positive tumors and 72 (24.3%) were positive for TERT promoter mutations. (bvsalud.org)
  • As the SEC can regulate the transcriptional activity of RNA polymerase II, it was hypothesized that these MLL-fusions induce aberrant regulation of transcriptional elongation on MLL-target genes 14 . (nature.com)
  • We also measured these promoters' strength by means of transcriptional reporter gene fusion experiments and estimated the excision and integration activities of the different IntI1 variants. (pasteur.fr)
  • Primer extension analysis identified a transcriptional start site 72 bp upstream of the pckA initiation codon and an upstream sequence similar to ς 70 promoters. (asm.org)
  • While the observation that NHR-67 forms punctae associated with transcriptional repressors in non-invasive cells is intriguing, the work does not yet established a clear link between the formation and dissolution of NHR-67 condensates with the activation of downstream genes that NHR-67 is actively repressing. (elifesciences.org)
  • Insertions of TEs influence the transcriptional regulation of some genes as well as the termination of transcription. (ecancer.org)
  • We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)
  • Tiling a given promoter region with several sgRNAs can produce more robust transcriptional activation 9 - 11 , but this requirement presents enormous challenges for scalability, and in particular for establishing pooled, genome-wide GOF screens. (cdc.gov)
  • Proteína transcriptional, que actúa en trans, de los elementos promotores que se encuentran en las repeticiones largas del extremo (LTR) del HTLV-I y HTLV-II. (bvsalud.org)
  • This fusion could be either on a yeast plasmid, or not on a yeast plasmid but with sites available for cloning out the fusion. (bio.net)
  • Numerous studies have established strong links between the molecular function of the fusion partner and the mechanistic basis of oncogenic transformation in MLL-fusion-induced leukemogenesis 4 . (nature.com)
  • These fusion genes can act as oncogenic drivers in tumor development and several fusions involving kinases have been successfully exploited as drug targets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Targeted next generation sequencing of MLH1-deficient, MLH1 promoter hypermethylated and BRAF/RAS-wild-type colorectal adenocarcinomas is effective in detecting tumors with actionable oncogenic gene fusions. (cdc.gov)
  • A genetic change affecting the CYP11B1 gene causes familial hyperaldosteronism type I, a disorder that leads to hypertension. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) - Genetic testing laboratory Pathway Genomics today announced a partnership with Practice Fusion to offer its services to Practice Fusion's network of more than 150,000 medical professionals. (genomeweb.com)
  • Class 1 integrons are widespread genetic elements that allow bacteria to capture and express gene cassettes that are usually promoterless. (pasteur.fr)
  • Chromosomes are the cellular storage units for genes contained within the nucleus (which is the genetic center) of the cell and are analogous to a spool with the DNA or genetic message being the thread on the spool. (sarcomahelp.org)
  • In cancer, gene fusions occur frequently due to the genetic instability of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results (1) update the gene models of HpDGAT2s , (2) prove the TAG biosynthesis capacity of HpDGAT2s, (3) show the strong preference for MUFAs and PUFAs, and (4) offer target genes to modulate TAG biosynthesis by using genetic engineering methods. (researchsquare.com)
  • Comprehensive characterization of the genetic background of cell lines could provide clues on novel genes responsible for carcinogenesis and help in choosing cell lines for particular studies. (oncotarget.com)
  • A bidirectional promoter module as this, can therefore be used to develop efficient vectors for genetic engineering in plants. (allindianpatents.com)
  • [ 12 ] They found that the glutamate receptor gene GRM1 recombines with several partner genes through promoter swapping and gene fusion. (medscape.com)
  • We have tested it on matched RNA-Seq and WGS data for both tumors and cancer cell lines and show that it can be used to validate both new predicted gene fusions and experimentally validated fusion events. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ability of upstream promoters can be easily assayed by removing segments from the 5' end, and the same for the 3' end of the strand for downstream promoters. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, the presence of internal promoter upstream from the degU gene could be demonstrated. (uni-marburg.de)
  • These short regulatory elements are located at a varying distance from transcription start point, some regulatory elements (called proximal elements) are adjacent to core promoter while other elements can be positioned several kilobases upstream or downstream of the promoter (enhancers). (allindianpatents.com)
  • The coding sequences of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen were inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector produced from Autographa califomica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) so that the foreign gene was under the control of the AcNPV polyhedrin promoter. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • One of the potential effects of TEs is the generation of new gene sequences [ 3 , 6 , 7 ] such as the envelope (env) genes of retroviral origin found in several mammals. (ecancer.org)
  • Both types of promoter elements modulate the level of transcription from core promoter [(Wasylyk, B. CRC, Critical Rev. Biochem, 23: 77-120 (1988), Johnson & McKnight Ann. (allindianpatents.com)
  • In line, many MLL-fusions can act as potent oncogenes in cell line models and animal models of leukemia 4 . (nature.com)
  • Involvement of the DegS-DegU system in the osmotic regulation was supported by the accumulation of mRNA transcripts from both genes when the cells were subjected to hypertonic conditions. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Cell lines derived from tumor tissues have been used as a valuable system to study gene regulation and cancer development. (oncotarget.com)
  • Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)
  • Transgenic mice bearing PB promoter fused to simian virus 40 large tumor antigen gene all consistently develop prostate adenocarcinoma [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Promoter bashing is a technique used in molecular biology to identify how certain regions of a DNA strand, commonly promoters, affect the transcription of downstream genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The contribution of a region of the promoter can be observed by the level of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • If a mutation or deletion changes the level of transcription, then it is known that that region of the promoter may be a binding site or other regulatory element. (wikipedia.org)
  • Measure reporter-gene transcription rates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gene products are assayed and the rates of reporter transcription are measured. (wikipedia.org)
  • Floral inducers including FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), FD, SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and LFEAY (LFY) activate the transcription of the majority of genes floral genes, promoting Arabidopsis bolting and flowering ( Johansson and Staiger, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Immunity genes are activated in the Drosophila fat body by Rel and GATA transcription factors. (sdbonline.org)
  • Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 (DEAF-1) is a transcription factor that was originally shown to bind the autoregulatory enhancer of the Deformed ( Dfd ) Hox gene, which is activated in embryonic head segments of Drosophila (Gross, 1996). (sdbonline.org)
  • T7 and T3 promoters are also present for in vitro transcription. (thermofisher.com)
  • The minimal promoter or core promoter is a minimal stretch of contiguous DNA sequence that is sufficient to direct accurate initiation of transcription by RNA [Pol II machinery, Smale, S. T, genes dev 15, 2503-2508 2001]. (allindianpatents.com)
  • The core promoter provides the site of action to RNA polymerase II which is a multisubunit enzyme with the basal or general transcription factors like, TFIIA, B, D, E, F and H. These factors assemble into a transcription pre initiation complex (PIC) that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from DNA template. (allindianpatents.com)
  • Although virus-based gene therapy is a promising strategy to combat advanced prostate cancer, its current effectiveness is limited partially due to inefficient cellular transduction in vivo . (hindawi.com)
  • The cancer-specific nature of gene fusions has rendered them attractive targets for cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To enhance our understanding of the role of TP53 in cancer we focus on the TP53 promoter region - does it represent the gas or the brake pedal? (lu.se)
  • We identified a group of genes including Cfh, Gas6, Mme and Ogn that were highly expressed in dormant breast cancer cells present in the bone and lung. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genes enriched in dormant breast cancer cells correlate with recurrence-free survival in breast cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This revealed a previously described PMS1 deletion mutation causing a frameshift and truncation (NM_000534c.1258delC, p.His420Ilefs*22) but no other pathogenic variant in other cancer genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
  • This composite promoter comprises the Elongation Factor-1α (EF-1α) core promoter [3] and the R segment and part of the U5 sequence (R-U5') of the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV) Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat [4]. (invivogen.com)
  • The largest family of "multi-partner translocations" in acute leukemia comprises fusions involving the product of the KMT2A ( MLL) gene. (nature.com)
  • Several regions in the MLL N-terminus are critical for the activity of MLL-fusions. (nature.com)
  • The robust signal, sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and resistance to photobleaching has made luciferase a common choice in assays ranging from use as a reporter gene in vitro and in vivo to use in biosensors. (addgene.org)
  • In this study, we have analyzed and compared three prostate-specific promoters (PSA, probasin, and MMTV LTR) for their specificity and activity both in vitro and in vivo . (hindawi.com)
  • However, the promoters used in most pathway engineering studies in S. cerevisiae have not been characterized and compared in parallel under multiple conditions that are routinely operated in laboratory and the number of known promoters is rather limited for the construction of large biochemical pathways. (nih.gov)
  • While studies of selected MLL-fusions have revealed critical molecular pathways, unifying mechanisms across all MLL-fusions remain poorly understood. (nature.com)
  • Northern blot experiments performed together with reporter-gene fusion studies confirmed that both degS and degU genes are transcribed together as an operon. (uni-marburg.de)
  • For expressing foreign genes, a new host- vector system, with Bombyx mori silkworm larvae as the host and B. mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) as the vector, has been developed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The strengths of these promoters varied no more than sixfold in the mean fluorescence intensity of GFP, with promoter TEF1p being the strongest and promoter PGI1p the weakest. (nih.gov)
  • GFP fusion gene has been fully sequenced, its fluorescence confirmed and its function tested in HEK293 cells coexpressing an NF-κB reporter plasmid ( pNiFty-SEAP ). (invivogen.com)
  • Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) showed BCR-ABL fusion signals pattern in 100% nucleated cells analyzed. (who.int)
  • Our pipeline uses discordant read pairs to identify supported fusion events and analyzes soft-clipped read alignments to determine genomic breakpoints. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It can be used to identify high-quality gene fusions for further bioinformatic and experimental studies, including validation of genomic breakpoints and studies of the mechanisms that generate fusions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has the advantage of being able to detect structural variants at a genomic scale, but it is challenging to assess whether a fusion event found purely at the DNA level has the potential to be processed into a functional transcript. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The promoter and reporter constructs must be ligated into a plasmid and transformed into cells in which that plasmid can be expressed to measure the activity of each promoter sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Pc promoter in class 1 integrons is located within the intI1 coding sequence. (pasteur.fr)
  • It has been suggested that TEs are a source of variation as a result of the insertion of fragments of their sequence into functioning genes elsewhere in the genome. (ecancer.org)
  • Promoter is the portion of DNA sequence on 5' side, i.e. before beginning of the coding region of a gene. (allindianpatents.com)
  • In addition to its role in H3K36 tri-methylation, SETD2 is required to maintain high H3K79 di-methylation and MLL-AF9-binding to critical target genes, such as Hoxa9 . (nature.com)
  • GenTargetDescription:Premade lentivirus expressing human TERT gene under EF1a promoter, containing GFP-Blasticidin fusion dual marker.Storage. (reportergene.com)
  • We describe a method for validation of fusion transcripts detected by RNA-Seq in matched whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigated the effects of bovine antibiotic growth promoters (bAGPs) on the propagation and spread of Shiga toxin (Stx)-encoding phages in Escherichia coli . (cdc.gov)
  • However, bovine antibiotic growth promoters (bAGPs) may induce the propagation of Stx phages and consequently facilitate the horizontal transfer of stx genes in E. coli . (cdc.gov)
  • MLL-fusions represent a large group of leukemia drivers, whose diversity originates from the vast molecular heterogeneity of C-terminal fusion partners of MLL. (nature.com)
  • In a Novartis-sponsored study in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers found that a CRISPR-Cas9-based treatment targeting promoters of genes encoding fetal hemoglobin could reduce disease symptoms. (genomeweb.com)
  • It is often easiest to ligate the promoter into the reporter, generate a large amount of the reporter construct using PCR or growth in bacteria, and then perform serial restriction digests on this sample. (wikipedia.org)
  • A construct containing the bacterial LacZ gene driven by a fragment of the beta-PDE 5' flanking region (-297 to +53) was used to generate transgenic mice. (nih.gov)
  • Expressed fusions can be identified in RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data, but fusion prediction software often has a high fraction of false positive fusion transcript predictions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • E1-deleted (including E1a-deleted) adenoviruses are replication defective and are commonly used as viral vectors to carry therapeutic genes for gene therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • Gene fusions are commonly detected in RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data in the form of chimeric fusion transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GRM1 is upregulated through gene fusion and promoter swapping in chondromyxoid fibroma. (lu.se)
  • The TLR1-GFP fusion gene is cloned in the pUNO plasmid under the control of the strong and ubiquitous mammalian promoter EF1α/HTLV. (invivogen.com)
  • I am interested in finding out if anyone has a plasmid with a GFP-URA3 fusion that actually works (in yeast). (bio.net)
  • The Pc promoter can occasionally be combined with a second promoter designated P2, and several Pc variants with different strengths have been described, although their relative distribution is not known. (pasteur.fr)
  • There are five main Pc-P2 combinations, corresponding to five promoter strengths, and three main integrases displaying similar integration activity but very different excision efficiency. (pasteur.fr)
  • Sequencing of a 2.5-kb chromosomal Sma I- Pst I fragment containing the structural gene revealed an open reading frame encoding 537 amino acids, homologous to known pckA genes. (asm.org)
  • We also synthesize a library consisting of 70,290 guides targeting all human RefSeq coding isoforms to screen for genes which, upon activation, confer resistance to a BRAF inhibitor. (cdc.gov)
  • Functional investigation of 128 conserved MLL-fusion-interactors identifies a specific role for the lysine methyltransferase SETD2 in MLL-leukemia. (nature.com)
  • Additionally, the reporter gene must be inserted a set distance from the promoter for most promoters. (wikipedia.org)
  • In childhood T-cell malignancies (T-ALL), a type of defect such as STIL/TAL1 fusion is associated with a good prognosis. (proteopedia.org)
  • As an example of application for these promoters in metabolic engineering, the genes involved in xylan degradation and zeaxanthin biosynthesis were subsequently cloned under the control of promoters with medium to high strength and assembled into a single pathway. (nih.gov)
  • Previous studies have identified four putative DGAT2-encoding genes in H. lacustris , and only HpDGAT2D allowed the recovery of TAG biosynthesis, but the engineering potential of HpDGAT2s in TAG biosynthesis remains ambiguous. (researchsquare.com)
  • Construction of an Intron-Containing Marker Gene - Splicing of the Intron in Transgenic Plants and Its Use in Monitoring Early Events in Agrobacterium-Mediated Plant Transformation. (mpg.de)
  • Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. (nih.gov)
  • The cell lines showed frequent SNVs and indels in some of the genes that are known to be altered in GBM- EGFR, TP53, PTEN, SPTA1 and NF1. (oncotarget.com)
  • Clone the region of DNA thought to act as a promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • The region can be digested to remove elements which are thought to not be part of the promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a result, the CYP11B1 gene is regulated by the CYP11B2 gene promoter region rather than its own promoter region. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This change joins (fuses) a section of the CYP11B1 gene called a promoter region, which normally helps start the production of the 11-beta-hydroxylase enzyme, to the section of the CYP11B2 gene that provides instructions for making aldosterone synthase. (medlineplus.gov)
  • By binding to the CYP11B1 gene's promoter region, ACTH normally triggers production of the 11-beta-hydroxylase enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The idea behind this study is to place the Ad5 E1 region in cis complementation (i.e., use E1 as a transgene) back into an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus under the control of a prostate-specific promoter (PSP). (hindawi.com)
  • Mutating the promoter is necessary if the method of removing part of the promoter with restriction digestion is not used. (wikipedia.org)
  • GFP fusion gene was generated by fusing at the C terminus of the human TLR1 gene to a GFP variant. (invivogen.com)
  • InvivoGen also provides THP1-KO-ASC cells featuring a biallelic knockout of the human ASC gene. (invivogen.com)
  • For detecting and quantifying the release of mature human (h)IL-1β, InvivoGen provides HEK-Blue™ IL-1β sensor cells , which express an NF-κB-inducible SEAP reporter gene. (invivogen.com)
  • STIL_HUMAN Immediate-early gene. (proteopedia.org)
  • Humans have a duplicate set of 23 chromosomes (or a total of 46 chromosomes) in any given cell that carries all of the human genes. (sarcomahelp.org)
  • Syncytin is expressed mainly in the human placenta and is implicated in placental syncytiotrophoblast cell fusion. (ecancer.org)
  • We consider the origin of syncytin, its normal role in human placentogenesis and data regarding its relevance in cell-cell fusion. (ecancer.org)
  • The best known of the human env-derived genes is syncytin-1, or ERVWE1, which originated from a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) of the HERV-W family inserted on chromosome 7q21 in human-pre-hominoids 40-45 million years ago [ 11 , 10 ]. (ecancer.org)
  • Moreover, it seems that the DegS-DegU system does not sense the osmolarity per se since the addition of the potent osmoprotectant glycine betaine did not exhibit any influence and the corresponding structural genes were still induced. (uni-marburg.de)
  • The pCR™4-TOPO™ TA vector contains both ampicillin and kanamycin resistance markers and a LacZα-ccdB gene fusion for positive selection and blue/white screening. (thermofisher.com)
  • Studies of a pckA-lacZ gene fusion indicated that when cells were grown in minimal media with various carbon sources, such as succinate, malate, pyruvate, lactate, or ethanol, under both anaerobic light and aerobic dark conditions, the pckA gene was induced in log phase, irrespective of the carbon source. (asm.org)