• Transient transfection analysis with deleted mutants of a luciferase reporter construct showed that the promoter activity was regulated negatively and positively in the distal and proximal promoter regions, respectively. (eurekamag.com)
  • Minc E, de Coppet P, Masson P, Thiery L, Dutertre S, Amor-Guéret M, Jaulin C. The human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1) proximal promoter is regulated by Sp1, Egr-1, and WT1 via non-canonical binding sites. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • The proximal region of the cNANOG promoter contains a positive transcriptional regulatory element (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ( CEBP )-binding site) in ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Direct binding of ZFP143 to the proximal region of the NANOG promoter regulates NANOG expression by modulating OCT4 binding [ 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • c-Myc transrepression is mediated by blockade of the transactivating activity of Miz-1, which occurs mainly through a Sp1-binding site in the proximal promoter of the gene. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 0.1) located at the promoter regions of 7048 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Egr-1 and Sp-1 may regulate the transcription of genes that are associated with the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer (growth factors, cell cycle regulators, etc. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Several mammalian genes are controlled by Sp protein often in assistance with additional transcription elements and Sp protein play important jobs in a number of physiological procedures including cell routine rules and development control hormonal activation apoptosis and angiogenesis.5 6 Sp1 generally activates gene transcription whereas Sp3 has both transcriptional repressor and activating properties. (healthanddietblog.info)
  • Mechanistically, specificity protein 1 (Sp1), a major transcription factor that controls expression of lens-specific genes such as β-crystallins, was positively regulated by SUMO1 but negatively regulated by SUMO2. (nebraska.edu)
  • Moreover, transcription factors and their target genes form vast interacting gene regulatory networks which can be exquisitely stable. (amegroups.org)
  • Gene transcription is mainly regulated by transcription factors (TFs) that bind to specific DNA sequences (called motifs) located in the promoter regions of genes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PGCs express several pluripotency-related TFs such as NANOG, POU5F3 , and SOX2 , and their expression controls transcription of germness-related genes in these cells [ 11 , 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our on-going research is focused on the regulatory mechanisms that link innervation, PKC activity, IP3R1 activity, transcriptional regulators, and expression of slow muscle fiber type specific genes. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • The mechanisms that regulate myoblast cell proliferation versus differentiation involve extracellular signaling via growth factors, their cognate receptors, intracellular signal transduction cascades, and transcriptional regulation of genes associated with cell proliferation. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • Among these genes is the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene which is expressed in proliferating myoblasts and down-regulated during differentiation. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • transcription factor (activator) for various hematopoietic-specific genes. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • SUMO2 also interfered with the interaction between Sp1 and the coactivator, p300, and recruited a repressor, Sp3 to β-crystallin gene promoters, to negatively regulate their expression. (nebraska.edu)
  • Posttranslational modifications of eNOS include fatty acid acylation, protein-protein interactions, substrate, and co-factor availability, and degree of phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
  • We further identified cAMP-responsive element protein 1 (CREB1), a transcription factor and a substrate of PKA, as a key regulator of ferroptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, Cd exposure upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3), mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), and increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-γ (IFNγ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein levels, and the damage degree of three kinds of lymph nodes was similar after Cd exposure. (bvsalud.org)
  • TERT p duplications ( TERT p dup ) mainly affected the binding capacity of two transcription factors' families, i.e. the members of the E-twenty-six and the Specificity Protein/Krüppel-Like Factor groups. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, nuclear factor κB (NF‑κB), c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal‑regulated kinases and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase inhibitors and TNF‑α were used to determine the molecular mechanism of autophagy during the inflammatory conditions, and only the NF‑κB and JNK inhibitor were found to enhance the autophagy of rat NP cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Specificity protein 1 (Sp1) is a member of the zinc finger transcription factors involved in many biological processes including cell cycle, cell differentiation, cell growth, apoptosis, immune responses, response to DNA damage, and chromatin remodeling. (aopwiki.org)
  • In rats, hepatic ketogenic capacity increases rapidly during postnatal development ( 4 ) or fasting ( 5 ) when the mRNA, protein, and activity of HMGCS2 increase in liver ( 6 - 8 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Administration of dibutyryl-cyclic AMP to adult rats increases mRNA, protein levels, and enzymatic activity of HMGCS2 in the liver ( 6, 9 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Published results indicate that protein kinase C (PKC) activity in conjunction with innervation-induced activation of cell signaling mediated by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, Gaq, and the 1,4,5 inositol triphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1) differentially regulate fast versus slow muscle fiber type gene expression in innervated muscle fibers. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • We also highlight recent studies identifying the cis -regulatory elements such as enhancers at the global level and explain how their developmental activity is regulated by the cooperation of cell-type specific and ubiquitous transcription factors with extrinsic signals. (amegroups.org)
  • Our published findings demonstrate that the FGFR1 gene is positively regulated by the Sp1 transcriptional regulator and negatively regulated by the transcription factor E2F4. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • We next looked at whether epigenetic mechanisms could be responsible for this progressive decrease in CD3 expression using DNase I hypersensitivity (DHS) experiments examining the CD3 γ and CD3 δ promoters and the CD3 δ enhancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Post-translational modification of histones, in particular the removal or addition of acetyl groups on ϵ-N-acetyl lysine residues, play an important role in epigenetic regulation of transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This complex process is regulated by the interplay of transcription factors with a chromatin environment, both of which provide the epigenetic information maintaining cell-type specific gene expression patterns. (amegroups.org)
  • Regulation of the NANOG gene by TFs, epigenetic factors, and autoregulatory factors is well characterized in ESCs, and transcriptional regulation of NANOG is well established in these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We aimed to identify whether CREB and Yin Yang1 (YY1) regulate the expression of CLDN6 and the site where they bind to the promoter sequence. (bvsalud.org)
  • Upon binding of their respective ligands and activation, intracellular signalling cascades, often involving phophorylation are induced which eventually terminate at inducible TFs and regulate their activity. (amegroups.org)
  • Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and Western blot analyses were used to monitor both the DNA binding and expression of the transcription factors required to ensure basal transcription of the α5 gene. (nih.gov)
  • These collagen-dependent regulatory influences also correlated with alterations in either the expression or the DNA binding of the transcription factors Sp1/Sp3, NFI and AP-1 that ensure basal transcription of the α5 gene. (nih.gov)
  • G, had significantly increased basal promoter activity in adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • However, recent evidence indicates that Sp1 belongs to a larger family of factors which bind G/C box elements in order to either activate or repress transcription. (nih.gov)
  • Through 3 adjacent C2H2-type zinc fingertips in the C-terminus they bind to GC containers CACCC containers (also known as GT containers) and fundamental transcription components collectively referred to as "'Sp1 sites. (healthanddietblog.info)
  • Sp1 might be induced to transfer from cytoplasma to nucleus to bind the promoter region of -50 to -5 nt by GBE. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The activity of these elements is controlled by transcription factors (TFs) which bind to DNA wrapped into chromatin, leading to the modification of the chromatin landscape, and the assembly of the transcription machinery. (amegroups.org)
  • However, the physiological role of Sp3 in the repression of endogenous cellular promoters has not been experimentally addressed. (nih.gov)
  • Transient cotransfections of Drosophila cells with Sp1 and Sp3 expression vectors and with the histone H4, thymidine kinase (TK), or dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) promoters show that only the DHFR promoter, containing multiple functional GC boxes, displays Sp3 repression of Sp1 activation. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast, the single G/C boxes within the histone H4 or TK promoters, which confer transcriptional activation via Sp1 binding, are not responsive to repression by Sp3. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, we demonstrate that the endogenous cellular DHFR promoter is selectively responsive to Sp3 repression. (nih.gov)
  • The transcription factor Sp1 plays a key role in the activation of many cellular and viral gene promoters, including those that are regulated during the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • In the present study, we analyze the activity and binding of Sp3 on several eukaryotic promoters that contain G/C boxes and are known to be regulated during cellular proliferation and the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • G promoter SNP and potentially cellular oxidative stress. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • A human-derived neurovascular unit in vitro model to study the effects of cellular cross-talk and soluble factors on barrier integrity. (open.ac.uk)
  • Currently, 17 murine and human KLFs are known to play crucial roles in the regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, stem cell maintenance, and tissue and organ pathogenesis. (mdpi.com)
  • Acquisition of cellular properties during alveolar formation requires differential activity and distribution of mitochondria. (ucsf.edu)
  • Transcription factor Sp2 promotes TGFB-mediated interstitial cell osteogenic differentiation in bicuspid aortic valves through a SMAD-dependent pathway. (nih.gov)
  • Together, our results establish distinct roles of different SUMO isoforms and demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that Sp1 acts as a major transcription factor target for SUMO control of cell differentiation. (nebraska.edu)
  • Further, using gel mobility shift assays, we show that both Sp1 and Sp3 interact specifically with the histone H4 promoter. (nih.gov)
  • Competitive gel shift and supershift assays indicated that Sp2 and Sp3 were bound to an Sp1 site (-40/-31), and activating transcription factor-2 and c-Jun were bound to a CRE site. (eurekamag.com)
  • Lnc408 can recruit transcript factor SP3 to CBY1 promoter to serve as an inhibitor in CBY1 transcription in BCSCs. (nature.com)
  • Chlorambucil-conjugated PI-polyamides (Chb-M'), a transcription inhibitor of RUNX family, has an anti-tumor activity against SHH-type medulloblastoma with p53 mutation. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Cell-to-cell signalling is induced by specific ligands such as growth factors which activate their cognate receptor molecules. (amegroups.org)
  • Moreover, NO affects leukocyte adhesion to the vascular endothelium by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which induces vascular endothelial expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • eNOS expression and activity are carefully controlled by multiple interconnected mechanisms of regulation present at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. (wikipedia.org)
  • It localizes primarily within subnuclear foci associated with the nuclear matrix, and can activate or in some cases repress expression from different promoters. (nih.gov)
  • Further, the hypomethylated CpG site at the promoter region of PLA2G7 was identified as cg11874627, demethylation of which led to increased binding of Sp3 and expression of Lp-PLA 2 through bisulfate sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These studies demonstrated the nature of the rat sst2 gene and the functional importance of both Sp1 and CRE sites in regulating sst2 gene expression and suggest that the CRE site mediates, at least partly, the promoter activity activated by Pitx1 or estrogen. (eurekamag.com)
  • He applies his multidisciplinary studies on Promoter and Regulation of gene expression in his research. (research.com)
  • In shortly, these findings highlight that the novel lnc408 functions as an oncogenic factor by recruiting SP3 to inhibit CBY1 expression and β-catenin accumulation in nucleus to maintain stemness properties of BCSCs. (nature.com)
  • In gastric cancer induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) there is no information regarding what transcription factors induce/upregulate the expression of CLDN6. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sp1 was crucial in regulating CPT1A expression with GBE and its flavonoid ingredients, and the -50 to -5 nt region of CPT1A promoter played important roles in Sp1 binding. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this review, we highlight the main signals and transcription factors and how they are integrated at the level of chromatin programming and gene expression control. (amegroups.org)
  • The precise control of tissue-specificity of gene expression is essential for successful development and depends on distal cis -regulatory elements such as enhancers which interact with promoter elements in physical space. (amegroups.org)
  • The factors responsible for the postnatal and starvation-associated induction of HMGCS2 gene expression have been identified and shown to involve changes in circulating hormone and fatty acid levels. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This signaling culminates in regulation of transcription factors governing expression of the slow myosin heavy chain 2 gene - indicative of the slow muscle fiber phenotype. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • The goal of our on-going research is to define and characterize the transcriptional complexes resident on the FGFR1 regulatory regions as well as those interactions off the promoter that govern its expression in both proliferating myoblasts and differentiated muscle fibers. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • The aim of the present study was to reveal the possible involvement of zinc-finger transcription factors Egr-1 & Sp-1 in the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric lesions caused by aspirin administration and stress. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Thiel G, Cibelli G. Regulation of life and death by the zinc finger transcription factor Egr-1. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Among these genomic sites, 30% were located at the promoter regions and 14% in the CpG islands, according to genomic loci and genomic proximity to the CpG islands, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the genic level, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in noncoding regions of the human resistin gene were either not significantly associated with insulin resistance ( 4 , 5 ) or associated with an insulin sensitivity index in the case of a different promoter SNP from the one that we present in this article ( 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In uninfected and cells immediately post-infection all three DHS sites were open, then the CD3γ promoter became non accessible, and this was followed by a sequential closure of all the DHS sites corresponding to all three transcriptional control regions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Then, we measured the promoter activity of various 5′ flanking regions of cNANOG in chicken PGCs and ESCs using the luciferase reporter assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • His Enhancer study typically links adjacent topics like Sp3 transcription factor. (research.com)
  • In his research, Sjaak Philipsen performs multidisciplinary study on Transcription factor and Enhancer. (research.com)
  • His multidisciplinary approach integrates Enhancer and Transcription factor in his work. (research.com)
  • Responsiveness of the α5 gene toward collagen was determined by transfection of recombinant plasmids bearing the CAT reporter gene under the control of various segments from the human α5 promoter into primary cultured rabbit (RCECs) and human (HCECs) CECs cultured on BSA or on collagens. (nih.gov)
  • Many studies have investigated germ cell-specific gene promoters to understand their regulatory mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, a continuous decrease of in vivo bound transcription initiation factors to the CD3 γ promoter was observed after silencing of the viral genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, identification of regulatory elements within the promoter region is considered crucial to understand the mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation in specific cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proof is shown for the idea that Sp transcription elements may act in collaboration with Akt to modify the abnormal rate of metabolism of tumor cells. (healthanddietblog.info)
  • Proteoglycan degradation contributing to the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is induced by inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), are highly expressed in degenerative IVDs and contribute to a degenerative IVD phenotype by inhibiting the production of ECM ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • T), are usually heterozygous, mutually exclusive, and produce an identical 11 bp 'CCCCTTCCGGG' sequence, resulting in the creation of de novo consensus binding motifs for E-twenty-six (ETS) transcription family members. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The catalytic activity of human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) compensates for the loss of telomere length, eroded during each cell cycle, to ensure a correct division of stem and germinal cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results finally revealed an Sp1 binding region located in the CPT1A promoter was critical for the regulation of CPT1A by GBE. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hypermethylation in the promoter region of the ADRA1A gene is associated with opioid use disorder in Han Chinese. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Contributing factors include obesity and a central pattern of fat accumulation with a strong genetic component. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Maladaptive lymphangiogenesis is associated with synovial iron accumulation and delayed clearance in factor VIII-deficient mice after induced hemarthrosis. (ucsd.edu)
  • All collagen types repressed the transcriptional activity directed by the full-length α5 promoter/CAT construct in confluent CECs. (nih.gov)
  • The promoter activity of each construct was more efficient in GH(3) pituitary cells than in nonpituitary cells. (eurekamag.com)
  • deleted construct dramatically reduced the activity. (eurekamag.com)
  • Overexpression of the pituitary homeoprotein Pitx1 activated the promoter activity of the -4066/+172/luc construct, and mapping analysis indicated the existence of two Pitx1 response sites, including the CRE site. (eurekamag.com)
  • A leading contributing factor to metastasis and treatment resistance is the heterogeneity and plasticity of the cells within tumors 6 . (nature.com)