Progression proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Medical search. Frequent questions

Cell cycle progression was evaluated by immunofluorescence detection and flow cytometric analysis of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). (unipv.it)
In contrast to THF, which induced a marked reduction in the number of cells in S phase and in the extent of PCNA immunolabeling, DPPC liposomes proved to be an effective delivery system that does not interfere with cell proliferation. (unipv.it)
We previously showed that the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is expressed in the rodent ovarian follicles at the earliest sign of growth [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover the evaluation of distinct parameters of regeneration proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and histone H3 phosphorylation (pH3) provided evidence that hepatocyte progression into S phase and mitosis was notably enhanced in MMP-9? (ecologicalsgardens.com)
Evidence of cell proliferation was obtained by evaluating PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) expression using immunohistochemistry. (umaine.edu)
They were then stained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and DNA intensity as a reference standard for their cell cycle position (G1, S, G2, M). The multispectral data was split into training and testing datasets and models were generated to discriminate between G1, S, and G2 + M phase cells. (edu.au)
MEG3 knockdown increased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin A and E. However, following treatment of HA-VSMCs with different concentrations baicalin, expression of PCNA, cyclin A and E was inhibited in cells with MEG3 knockdown. (researchensemble.com)
Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types. (bvsalud.org)

However, a function for SET8 in mammalian cell proliferation has not been determined. (rupress.org)
We show that small interfering RNA inhibition of SET8 expression leads to decreased cell proliferation and accumulation of cells in S phase. (rupress.org)
High expression of RAD18 facilitated a highly stem-cell phenotype through the Hippo/YAP pathway, which supports the proliferation of TNBC. (nature.com)
K405R mutant expressing cancer cells have reduced G1/S transition and slower proliferation compared to wildtype. (oncotarget.com)
Collectively, these findings suggest that SAMHD1 acetylation enhances its dNTPase activity and promotes cancer cell proliferation. (oncotarget.com)
This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. (lookformedical.com)
The present study was to investigate the protection of resveratrol (RSV) in diabetes associated with kidney inflammation and cell proliferation. (hindawi.com)
In vitro , RSV attenuated high glucose-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) expression and mesangial cell proliferation, as well as Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) activation. (hindawi.com)
These results suggest that RSV prevents diabetes-induced renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation possibly through Akt/NF- κ B pathway inhibition. (hindawi.com)
Accumulated data suggest that the predicted evolution of diabetic glomerulopathy is comprised of an early, transient mesangial cell proliferation and subsequent hypertrophy of these cells that herald the slow progression into glomerulosclerosis [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
demonstrated that RSV prevented high glucose-induced kidney mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through inhibition of high glucose-induced JNK and NF- B activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation, and reactive oxygen species production [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
In the present study, therefore, we aimed to determine whether RSV treatment attenuated renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation under diabetic condition both in vivo and in vitro . (hindawi.com)
Together, these results show a strong preventive efficacy of silibinin against photocarcinogenesis, which involves the inhibition of DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle progression and an induction of apoptosis. (nih.gov)
An obvious requirement for the stringent control of cell cycle progression is the prevention of deregulated proliferation - loss of control may result in tumors and cancers. (janechin.net)
Organ toxicity was characterized by depression of cell proliferation (hematopoiesis and spermatogenesis) and changes suggestive of reduced metabolism and/or physiological imbalances (e.g. (jaksignaling.com)
Furthermore, the TNFRSF13B was knocked down in 22Rv1 and PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines via transfecting short hairpin RNAs and cell proliferation and colony formation assays were performed. (biomedcentral.com)
F1 and F2 males show increased cell proliferation at concentrations as low as 10ppb suggesting a transgenerational effect of arsenic. (umaine.edu)
Molecular changes in lung tissues of F1 generation females suggest increased cell proliferation while the F2 generation shows an inhibition or delay in cell cycle progression. (umaine.edu)
Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
Transwell migration, cell cycle analysis, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of DRAM2 overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC-cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
Additionally, DRAM2 overexpression promoted cell metastasis and proliferation in vitro, while knockdown of DRAM2 expression yielded opposite result. (cancerindex.org)
Low power laser irradiation (LPLI) promotes proliferation of multiple cells, which (especially red and near infrared light) is mainly through the activation of mitochondrial respiratory chain and the initiation of cellular signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell proliferation is a very important physiological effect for low power laser irradiation (LPLI) used in clinical practice. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the mechanisms of cell proliferation induced by LPLI are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, a large number of signaling proteins reported play an important key role in the process of LPLI-induced cell proliferation, probably due to the fact that the molecular events they are involved in are the basic response of the cells to extracellular stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
The cell cycle is the process of accurate self-reproduction and proliferation of a cell. (intechopen.com)
Misregulation of the cell cycle may result in malignant cell proliferation, tumorigenesis or cell death. (intechopen.com)
Previous studies have demonstrated that glycolysis inhibitors reduce the proliferation of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by interfering with the aerobic glycolytic pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation play key roles in the development and the progression of vascular remodeling such as transplant arteriosclerosis and restenosis. (elsevierpure.com)
Wu (2) hypothesized that lincRNA-p21 may regulate vascular simple muscle tissue cell proliferation and apoptosis by improving the experience of p53 in AS (2). (researchensemble.com)
Among its different constituents, Astragalus polysaccharides have been most widely studied particularly for their immunopotentiating properties, such as stimulation of murine B cell proliferation and cytokine production ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Our results indicated that AST inhibits cell proliferation through phase-specific cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Here, we report that the central proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α acts as a diffusible mediator of the bystander effects induced by macrophages, an effect caused by a proliferation of macrophages that trigger epithelial cell production of Netrin-1, a neuronal guidance molecule. (aacrjournals.org)
Extending these observations, colon biopsies from E. faecalis -colonized IL-10 −/− mice exhibited crypt hyperplasia and increased staining for macrophages, TNF-α, netrin-1, NF-κB, Tnfrsf1b, and the proliferation marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen while also displaying a reduction in epithelial cell apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
NF-kappaB and AP-1 transcriptional factors contribute to the development and progression of prostate malignancy by regulating the expression of genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. (positivehealth.com)
The above studies shows how Vitamin E succinate interacts in different ways with the complex array of genes involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer - genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesia and metastasis. (positivehealth.com)
These receptors are responsible for activating key pathways in cancer cells that lead to their proliferation and survival. (wisc.edu)
In 2008 our lab was the first to report that tumor cells that acquired resistance to cetuximab exhibited dramatic up regulation of the EGFR, secondary to loss of ubiquitination, which led to enhanced signals to other EGFR family members (HER and HER3) that promoted proliferation and survival. (wisc.edu)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)
Functional loss of p16 may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)

Function of RSV has been extensively explored for its powerful antioxidant capacity and specific effects on proteins and/or signaling cascades, such as Sirt1, adenosine monophosphate activated kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and JNK/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- B) in DN both in vivo and in vitro [ 8 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Factors mandating cellular consequence include cell surface-receptors, cytoplasmic proteins, and nuclear proteins. (janechin.net)
ATR/Mec1 phosphorylates a variety of proteins substrates after that, a lot of which promote DNA replication conclusion and therefore cell success (11, 12). (colinsbraincancer.com)
It was interesting to detect higher expression of cell cycle genes and proteins in offspring of dams exposed to 10 ppb, especially because it is the maximum allowable level in drinking water. (umaine.edu)
Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. (cancerindex.org)
DRAM2 overexpression also increased proteins CDK4, CyclinD3, and decreased p27 expression, all of which are cell cycle-related factors. (cancerindex.org)
In particular, neoplastic growth induces important modifications, not only of the DNA, but also of the composition and distribution of the histone and non-histone nuclear proteins, thus provoking alterations of the distribution of heterochromatin in the nucleus. (biomedcentral.com)
LPLI-induced cell cycle progression can be regulated by the activation or elevated expressions of cell cycle-specific proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry is commonly used to analyze biological molecules such as proteins, peptides and lipids from cells or tissue. (koreascience.kr)
A substantial portion of the regulatory interactions in the higher eukaryotic cell are mediated by simple sequence motifs in the regulatory segments of genes and (pre-)mRNAs, and in the intrinsically disordered regions of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
However, treatment with baicalin inhibited the expression of cell-cycle associated proteins in HA-VSMCs with MEG3 knockdown. (researchensemble.com)
Around the histological level the middle ear cholesteatoma is characterized by epidermal cell Angiopoietin-Like 7 Proteins Storage & Stability hyperproliferation [2], differentiation as well as the accumulation of keratin debris [3]. (bet-bromodomain.com)
VES supplementation also decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic XIAP and Bcl-X(L) proteins and sensitizes androgen-dependent LNCaP cells to androgen deprivation. (positivehealth.com)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

The longer gene product (isoform 1) enhances cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis while the alternatively spliced shorter gene product (isoform 2) promotes apoptosis and is death-inducing. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) causes binding of p53 and suppression of apoptosis. (aad.org)
Furthermore, p53 regulates cell routine and apoptosis (15,25). (researchensemble.com)
Studies on male rodents suggested that chronic ACR exposure resulted in testicular cytotoxicity indicated by vacuolization, multiple nuclei formation, abnormal giant cell, atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
RNAi-mediated attenuation of Tnfrsf1b decreased TNF-α-induced netrin-1 production and augmented epithelial cell apoptosis in culture. (aacrjournals.org)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

these immunologic parameters remained stable for 8 to 24 months of follow-up, without disease progression. (aad.org)
Radical prostatectomy is a common treatment for localised prostate cancer with intermediate or high risk of disease progression. (biomedcentral.com)

Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCL1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, RAD18 functions beyond DNA repair and may regulate many other key biological processes, such as chromatin strengthening, cell survival/death, stemness, and differentiation. (nature.com)
[ 18 ] The more typical sebaceous tumors in MTS are sebaceous adenoma , sebaceoma, and basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. (medscape.com)
The tumor consists of irregular lobules and sheets of cells, as seen in the first three images below, with varying degrees of sebaceous differentiation, including scalloped, centrally located nuclei with foamy, multivacuolated cytoplasm, secondary to intracytoplasmic lipid (see the 4th and 5th images). (medscape.com)
According to Bishop and Lynch: "After infecting endothelial cells, HHV-8 activates the mTOR pathway, alters the cells to have mesenchymal differentiation, and promotes aberrant angiogenesis. (aad.org)
SCC of the prostate is a rare malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the prostate, with squamous differentiation of the neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)

In response to endogenous and exogenous insults, malignant cells mostly have an intensive DNA repair capacity that allows them to proliferate and survive. (nature.com)
Pseudolymphoma is characterized by a benign infiltration of lymphoid cells or histiocytes which microscopically resembles a malignant lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
Immunodeficiencies are genetic diseases known to predispose an individual to cancer owing to defective immunity towards malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We have therefore investigated whether the fractal dimension of nuclear chromatin measured in routine histological preparations of malignant melanomas could be a prognostic factor for survival. (biomedcentral.com)
So, there is strong evidence that the fractal dimension of the nuclear chromatin texture is a new and promising variable in prognostic models of malignant melanomas. (biomedcentral.com)
Among malignant neoplasms of the penis, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common. (medscape.com)
The disease is probably better considered as a separate entity, owing to its peculiar clinical features, significantly lower rate of malignant progression, and better outcome. (medscape.com)
Immunohistochemical identification of molecular genetic events in the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell squamous-cell carcinoma enables early detection of lesions with the potential for malignant progression, thus permitting timely intervention 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
Studies suggest that expression of cystatin A is inversely associated with malignant progression of cancer 9 . (bvsalud.org)

Cell viability was determined by propidium iodide staining. (positivehealth.com)

Furthermore, we find that SET8 interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen through a conserved motif, and SET8 is required for DNA replication fork progression. (rupress.org)

Treatment with alpha-tocopherol succinate (VES) inhibits NF-kappaB but augments AP-1 activity, reduces expression of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF, suppresses cell adhesion, ICAM-1 and gp130 expression in androgen-independent PC-3, DU-145, and CA-HPV-10 cells. (positivehealth.com)

The E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18 is well known for the maintenance of genome stability and cell survival through many DNA damage response (DDR) pathways such as translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) [ 4 , 5 ]. (nature.com)
Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) are the precursors of DNA synthesis, and their strict balance is critical for proper DNA replication and repair in cells [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Stages of the cell cycle are G1 (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), G2, M (Mitosis), and G0 (quiescence), with mitosis as the shortest and most visually dramatic process of the cycle after which two daughter cells result, Figure 1-1. (janechin.net)
Eukaryotic cells have thus developed the extremely conserved DNA harm response (DDR), a significant branch which (the S stage checkpoint) works to decelerate DNA synthesis, thus providing more possibility to mitigate the genotoxic implications of replicative tension. (colinsbraincancer.com)
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, fibronectin secretion, and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK were assessed by Western blot analysis, collagen synthesis by [ 3 H]-proline incorporation, and cellular ROS by flow cytometry. (elsevierpure.com)
Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)

Semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed elevated E2F1 mRNA levels and increased levels of the E2F-target genes dihydrofolate reductase and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in metastatic hormone-independent prostate cancer cases compared with benign tissues. (johnshopkins.edu)
We also discovered that the invasiveness of metastatic colon cancer cells was alleviated following drug treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
These findings suggest that formononetin inhibits angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion, and thus support its use in the treatment of advanced and metastatic colon cancers. (spandidos-publications.com)
Vitamin E succinate inhibits NF-kappaB and prevents the development of a metastatic phenotype in prostate cancer cells: implications for chemoprevention. (positivehealth.com)

Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells. (lookformedical.com)
Loss of MMP-9 activity preserved platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) expression a modulator of vascular integrity at the endothelial cell-cell junctions in steatotic livers after IRI. (ecologicalsgardens.com)
The current results indicated that this expression levels of MEG3 decreased in serum samples from patients with AS and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-stimulated human aorta vascular easy muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) compared with the control samples. (researchensemble.com)

Each stage of the cell cycle is profiled by distinct protein complexes and phosphorylation events. (janechin.net)
The sequential activation of the members of this family and their phosphorylation of certain substrates promotes the progression through the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway in tumor cells has also been implicated in lung cancer metabolism. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, in recent years, there has been increasing evidence that metformin exerts its anticancer effects through the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cell mitochondria, and metabolic pathways based on metformin targeting have only recently become the focus of intensive research. (spandidos-publications.com)

We previously showed that decreased ATR function engenders deep inhibition of NER particularly during S stage in a number of individual cell types (13, 14). (colinsbraincancer.com)

The innermost layer of an artery or vein, made up of one layer of endothelial cells and supported by an internal elastic lamina. (lookformedical.com)
R&D systems) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) produced as monolayer [17] or TNFRSF10B remained uncoated (control invasion chambers) on 24-well culture trays. (ecologicalsgardens.com)

Additionally, immunohistochemistry results indicated that RSV treatment reduced the density of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells significantly in glomeruli of diabetic mice. (hindawi.com)

Results: LED produced in vitro increases of cell growth of 140-200% in mouse-derived fibroblasts, rat-derived osteoblasts, and rat-derived skeletal muscle cells, and increases in growth of 155-171% of normal human epithelial cells. (researchgate.net)
We show that exogenous expression of E2F1 significantly inhibited AR mRNA and AR protein levels in prostate epithelial cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
TNF-α-mediated bystander assays used a murine coculture system of primary colonic epithelial cells and E. faecalis -infected macrophages ( in vitro ), with an interleukin 10 (IL-10)-deficient mouse model of colon cancer that involves long-term colonization with E. faecalis ( in vivo ). (aacrjournals.org)
Epithelial cells may proliferate, forming crescents. (msdmanuals.com)
Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)

Cell adhesion was examined by the ability of cells to adhere to fibronectin-coated plates. (positivehealth.com)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, silencing TNFRSF13B expression resulted in decreased colony formation of 22Rv1 and PC-3 cells through modulating the cell cycle and p53 signalling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we highlight that many of the key regulatory pathways of the cell are recruited by motifs and that the ease of motif acquisition has resulted in large networks of co-regulated biomolecules. (biomedcentral.com)

Further studies including protein adduct formation, glutathione depletion and repletion, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, histopathology, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen will be done to elucidate the mechanism of Lcn2 in mediating progression of injury. (pcom.edu)

Unfortunately, the intimate mechanisms leading to the development and progression of this disease are complex and not yet fully understood [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, inflammation is also an important pathophysiological factor in the development and progression of DN [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
CRISPEN and COLLEAGUES, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA studied the interaction with and modulation of Vitamin E succinate upon transcriptional factors involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer. (positivehealth.com)

It induces c-kit expression and produces the spindled morphology of Kaposi sarcoma cells from their original cuboidal monolayer. (aad.org)
GPC3 expression is significantly higher in LUSC (lung squamous cell carcinoma) than in lung adenocarcinoma. (biolifesas.org)
Owing to the expression of GPC3 in LUSC tissues, it has been tested as an immunotherapeutic (including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- GPC3 T cells), and clinical trials targeting GPC3 are ongoing. (biolifesas.org)
Expression of p15, p16, p21 and p27 did not vary in granulosa and theca cells by the follicle stage. (biomedcentral.com)
We discovered an unprecedented burst of differential expression of cell cycle related genes at one particular point during transition to flowering. (biomedcentral.com)
Altered expression of these genes may lead to abnormalities in the cell cycle and eventually cause genomic instability. (umaine.edu)
Findings from this study suggest transplacental arsenic exposure alters the expression of genes involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be a probable mechanism involved in causing human diseases. (umaine.edu)
DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53. (cancerindex.org)
It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
This Antibody was verified by Relative expression to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)
The current study indicated that downregulated expression of MEG3 increased cell cycle-associated protein expression. (researchensemble.com)
Additionally, the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are increased in almost every type of human cancer, which may be associated with cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
It upregulated the declined level of serum testosterone and the expression of steroidogenic genes such as CYP11A1 and 17β3-HSD with an obvious histologic improvement of the testes with re-establishment of the normal spermatogenic series, Sertoli and Leydig cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In cell cocultures, we observed increased expression of the TNF-α receptor Tnfrsf1b and Netrin-1. (aacrjournals.org)
We hypothesize that blocking DC glycolysis and simultaneous antigen expression may lead to the generation of tolerogenic DCs (tDCs) and subsequent antigen specific Treg induction. (aiche.org)
Because allelic exclusion leads to the expression of only one TCR chain in mature T cells [ 29 ], each unique CDR3 sequence is a proxy for T cell clonotype. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we demonstrate that the dNTPase activity of SAMHD1 is regulated by acetylation, which promotes cell cycle progression in cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
Effect of beta-carotene on cell cycle progression of human fibroblasts. (unipv.it)
The uptake of beta-carotene (BC) and its effect on the cell cycle progression of normal human fibroblasts in primary culture were investigated by using two different delivery methods: exposure to BC solubilized in the organic solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) or to BC incorporated into dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes. (unipv.it)
This cell cycle delay was found to be reversible, returning the percentage of cells in S phase to the control value 24 h after removal of BC from the medium. (unipv.it)
These results suggest that in normal human fibroblasts, BC induces a cell cycle delay in the G1 phase and that this effect is independent of conversion to known retinoids. (unipv.it)
Comparative biochemical studies of rapamycin and wortmannin on transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1)-mediated G(1)-S cell cycle progression in C3H-10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts. (janechin.net)
Therefore, understanding biochemical dynamics of cell cycle progression may lead to target-specific therapy with improved side effect profiles. (janechin.net)
Encouraging progress in understanding cell cycle regulation occurred over the past five years. (janechin.net)
The mammalian cell cycle is stringently regulated and orderly process by which a cell reproduces. (janechin.net)
Transitional checkpoints are therefore crucial for a successful completion of the cell cycle. (janechin.net)
The mammalian cell cycle typically completes in 24 hours, where dramatic changes occur in cellular metabolism and cytoskeletal physiology. (janechin.net)
Extracellular signals direct the cell-cycle 'engine. (janechin.net)
The Restriction point is also known as a checkpoint, where 'the cell is arrested at a particular phase of the cycle due to a lack of appropriate signals' (Hartwell and Weinert, 1989). (janechin.net)
These factors couple extracellular signals to intracellular processes to determine cell cycle progression. (janechin.net)
Cyclins regulate the cell cycle in association with cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs). (biomedcentral.com)
The progression of cells through the cell cycle is regulated by a family of protein kinases known as the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (biomedcentral.com)
Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these genes identified an overrepresentation of genes related to the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
The current study examined the effect of low-dose, environmentally relevant levels of arsenic (10 to 500 ppb) on transplacentally exposed mice (F1) and the next generation (F2) which focused on altered regulation of the normal cell cycle. (umaine.edu)
Foxm1, Cdc6 and Cdc25a are three critical genes involved in regulating a normal cell cycle. (umaine.edu)
Data from the F1 generation support in vitro studies of arsenic-related cell cycle dysregulation done in other laboratories. (umaine.edu)
Cell cycle kinetics of rat hepatocytes in early putative preneoplastic lesions in hepatocarcinogenesis. (mcmaster.ca)
In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)
The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
Background: Cell cycle analysis is important for cancer research. (edu.au)
Multispectral analysis of endogenous cell autofluorescence has been shown to be sensitive to changes in cell status and could be applied to the discrimination of cell cycle without these steps. (edu.au)
Conclusions: These results demonstrate that multispectral microscopy could be used for the non-destructive, label free discrimination of cell cycle phase in cancer cells. (edu.au)
They provide novel information on the mechanisms of cell-cycle progression and control, and have practical implications for oncology research. (edu.au)
Multispectral analysis of endogenous cell autofluorescence has been shown to be sensitive to changes in cell status and could be applied to the discrimination of cell cycle without these steps.Methods: Cells from the MIA-PaCa-2, PANC-1, and HeLa cell lines were plated on gridded dishes and imaged using a multispectral fluorescence microscope. (edu.au)
As an outcome of the two-part signalling and/or cell-cycle control. (who.int)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)

Notably, dendritic cells (DCs) are effective modulators of antigen-specific T-cell responses. (aiche.org)
The accuracy and precision of brain signaling are primarily based on interactions involving neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, pericytes, and dendritic cells within the CNS. (cdc.gov)

The present study suggests the potential role of immunodeficiency pathway-related genes, primarily TNFRSF13B , in prostate cancer progression. (biomedcentral.com)

The Warburg hypothesis was based on the metabolic differences between cancer cells and normal cells, and proposed that increased glycolysis by transformed cells conferred a bio-energetic advantage for survival over normal counterparts under anoxic conditions (Anghileri, 1983). (janechin.net)
The most striking and characteristic metabolic alteration in cancer cells is anomalous glucose metabolism and cancer cells tend to utilize glycolysis to obtain energy even under aerobic conditions via a process called 'aerobic glycolysis' ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the 1920s, Otto Heinrich Warburg discovered that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, use the glycolytic pathway to obtain energy for growth even in the presence of oxygen, which is a phenomenon known as 'aerobic glycolysis' or the Warburg effect ( 9 ), and aerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in NSCLC ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Interestingly, activated DCs and T-effector cells, such as T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 17 (Th17), utilize glycolysis for their energy needs while Tregs rely on fatty acid oxidation for their energy needs. (aiche.org)

Through immune suppression and inflammation, the HHV-8 infected cells can persist and proliferate. (aad.org)
It can be especially known that the Toll like receptor four (TLR4) is upregulated in acquired cholesteatoma [13, 14], which promotes a much more severe progression with the illness by promoting inflammation and bone destruction [13]. (bet-bromodomain.com)

In the present study, we aimed to further examine the potential of formononetin in controlling angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenografts. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

Dysregulation of processes driven by these factors is a severe liability to the cell and therefore represents potential areas for therapeutic intervention. (janechin.net)
However, immune dysregulation and over activation of inflammatory T cells can induce autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). (aiche.org)

[ 1 ] In the United States, sebaceous gland carcinoma is the fourth most common eyelid tumor after basal cell carcinoma , squamous cell carcinoma , and melanoma , and it represents 1-5% of eyelid malignancies. (medscape.com)
New devices have demonstrated significant results for the treatment of medical conditions, including mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris, wound healing, psoriasis, squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen's disease), basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis, and cosmetic applications. (researchgate.net)
The cause of penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unclear, although human papillomavirus (HPV) appears to play a major role. (medscape.com)
Excretory stem cells give rise to squamous cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, while intercalated stem cells give rise to pleomorphic adenomas, oncocytomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, and acinic cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
Squamous cell carcinomas arise from excretory duct cells, pleomorphic adenomas arise from the intercalated duct cells, oncocytomas arise from the striated duct cells, and acinic cell carcinomas arise from acinar cells. (medscape.com)
Methods: fifteen histological specimens of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip were obtained from the Department of Oral Pathology, Bahia Federal University. (bvsalud.org)
Other markers, such as retinoblastoma and p53, may be related with early steps of carcinogenesis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)

Here we show a method where local delivery of an antigen specific therapy can generate antigen-specific Tregs and reduce antigen-specific Th17, Th1 and autoantibodies in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model of RA. (aiche.org)
These mice were then sacrificed on day 30, and the blood, spleen and lymph nodes (LNs) were harvested to analyze the presence of antigen specific autoantibodies, T cells, and antigen specific T cells. (aiche.org)
In vivo studies demonstrated that the PFK15+bc2 treatment group had lower thickening of the ankle, less antigen specific autoantibodies and an increased population of proliferating Tregs. (aiche.org)

The mammalian cell is furnished with receptors linked to interactive series of cytoplasmic networks for controlling cellular processes. (janechin.net)
Mouse hepatitis virus utilizes two carcinoembryonic antigens as alternative receptors. (uci.edu)

Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. (lookformedical.com)
However, the link between immunodeficiency and prostate cancer progression remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
With the advancements in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, most prostate cancers are detected at the regional stages (clinically localised disease). (biomedcentral.com)
However, no study has yet systematically investigated the effect of gene variants related to immunodeficiency on prostate cancer progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Taken together, these results show that elevated E2F1, through its ability to repress AR transcription, may contribute to the progression of hormone-independent prostate cancer. (johnshopkins.edu)
Selenium has been reported to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro. (positivehealth.com)

Such regulation ensures faithful reproduction of DNA for subsequent distribution to daughter cells. (janechin.net)
The ease of motif acquisition simplifies access to basal housekeeping functions, facilitates the co-regulation of multiple biomolecules allowing them to respond in a coordinated manner to changes in the cell state, and supports the integration of multiple signals for combinatorial decision-making. (biomedcentral.com)

Restriction points receive signals from central- and peripheral cellular networks to determine subsequent cell fate. (janechin.net)
Subsequent study using multiple human cancer cell lines, including those of the colon, stomach and liver, further indicated the universal growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects of AST. (spandidos-publications.com)

In addition, the ACR-induced reproductive toxicity is associated with a dramatic reduction in testosterone level due to disruption of the Leydig cells steroidogenic pathway [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Antigen-specific enrichment of immunosuppressive regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and reduction of antigen-specific T-effector cells (Teff) can prevent the progression of RA. (aiche.org)

For example, RAD18 plays a vital role in regulating the DNA stability of embryonic stem cells and cellular homeostasis in highly prolific cells [ 6 ]. (nature.com)
Cellular uptake of 0.23 nmol/10(6) cells was found after 24 h incubation in BC-containing DPPC liposomes. (unipv.it)
It is noteworthy that several essential NER factors (RPA1C3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and DNA ligase) also play independent functions in other crucial cellular processes, such as DNA replication and homologous recombination. (colinsbraincancer.com)

Our previous study showed that it plays an essential role in the progression of multiple tumors. (nature.com)
TAMs are the major inflammatory cells in the TME, and are closely related to poor outcomes in several types of tumors [ 11 ]. (nature.com)
[ 2 , 3 ] This tumor is more common in Asian countries, reportedly comprising 33% of eyelid tumors and second behind basal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
This theory holds that tumors arise from 1 of 2 undifferentiated stem cells: the excretory duct reserve cell or the intercalated duct reserve cell. (medscape.com)
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)

T cells regulate immune homeostasis by generating specific inflammatory or anti-inflammatory immune responses. (aiche.org)

There is little understanding about how inflammatory cytokines mediate bystander effects, but questions in this area are important because of the pivotal contributions made by inflammatory processes to cancer initiation and progression. (aacrjournals.org)

Helix-distorting CPDs and 6-4PPs strongly block the progression of DNA polymerases, which causes prolonged replication fork stalling and formation of DNA strand breaks, eventually leading to cell death (7). (colinsbraincancer.com)

check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

However, the mechanism through which RAD18 influences triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, remains elusive. (nature.com)
Distinguishing and removing cancer cells from normal cells continue to be key in the experimental design for therapy and prevention. (janechin.net)
Modern approaches to treating cancer take advantage of critical biochemical differences between cancer cells and normal cells - from radiation therapy to chemotherapy to experimental gene therapy. (janechin.net)
When cells proliferate in the absence of appropriate driving signals, cancer is the undesirable consequence. (janechin.net)
The immune system plays a key role in surveillance against cancer, but some tumour cells evolve to escape immune elimination [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we show that DRAM2 may act as an oncogenic regulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (cancerindex.org)
Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells of monocyte/macrophage origin and are culprits of bone destruction associated with osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer bone metastasis. (koreascience.kr)
Results: Across cancer cell lines accuracy ranged from 68.3% (MIA-PaCa-2) to 73.3% (HeLa) for distinguishing G1 from S and G2 + M, and 69.0% (MIA-PaCa-2) to 78.0% (PANC1) for distinguishing S from G2 + M. Unmixing the multispectral data showed that the autofluorophores NADH, FAD, and PPIX had significant differences between phases. (edu.au)
There are primarily two types of lung cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC, and the former accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Certain metabolic alterations, also referred to as metabolic reprogramming, are commonly observed in tumor cells and are proposed to be hallmarks of cancer ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Our previous findings demonstrated that formononetin initiates growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic activities in human colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Another important mechanism for the progression of colorectal cancer is the ability of the transformed cells to invade and traverse the basement membrane, which in turn facilitates the conversion of adenomas into carcinomas and then metastases ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In recent years, we focused on investigating the anti-carcinogenic properties of total Astragalus saponins (AST) in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenografts. (spandidos-publications.com)
Gene amplification, overexpression and hyperactivity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), head and neck cancer (HNSCC), breast and colorectal cancer (CRC). (wisc.edu)

Although SAMHD1 is expressed ubiquitously throughout the human body, the molecular mechanisms regulating its enzymatic activity and function in non-immune cells are relatively unexplored. (oncotarget.com)
Current RA therapies do not target the root cause of RA or address the antigen specific immune responses against synovial tissue. (aiche.org)
The immune non-activating metabolite-based MPs modulate DC function and subsequently alter antigen specific T cell immune responses in mice. (aiche.org)

In vitro studies using infra-/red light have not shown any useful impact on wound healing by activating cells located in deeper skin layers such as fibroblasts or stem cells [2] . (researchgate.net)

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. (lookformedical.com)
Nuclear area, form factor and fractal dimension of chromatin texture were obtained from digitalized images of hematoxylin-eosin stained tissue micro array sections. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the vast differences in metabolism between healthy and tumor cells, there is hope that selective targeting of tumor metabolism may be achieved while limiting toxicity to healthy tissue. (spandidos-publications.com)
The mechanism and function of heterochromatin disruption in FSHD muscular dystrophy is another area of research, in which we perform single cell/nucleus analyses to isolate and characterize a small number of disease-driving cells and are developing 3D and tissue on a chip to measure intrinsic defects of FSHD and CRISPR-engineered mutant myocytes. (uci.edu)
Additionally cytokeratin 14, which is routinely expressed in mitotically active basal layer cells in normal skin and cholesteatoma [10], is expressed in cholesteatoma tissue within a larger extend in comparison with typical auditory canal skin [9]. (bet-bromodomain.com)

Thus, analysis of TCR CDR3 sequences has provided a useful means to study clonal expansions, repertoire breadth, and other properties such as CDR3 length polymorphisms, V(D)J gene usage, and sequence specificity of the T cell response. (biomedcentral.com)

Neutrophils and macrophages were incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 4h and 6h respectively and the cells that had migrated into the lower chamber were collected stained and counted as previously reported. (ecologicalsgardens.com)

Angiogenesis is essential in the process of carcinogenesis to facilitate tumor progression and metastasis. (spandidos-publications.com)

DISCUSSION: In conclusion, the protection of Lcn2KO mice from APAP overdose indicates that Lcn2 may play a role in mediating progression of injury in WT. (pcom.edu)
Baicalin inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-B, reduced the appearance of pro-inflammatory mediators and avoided renal dysfunction in ApoE knock out mice on high-cholesterol diet plans, which served a significant role in preventing AS (22,23). (researchensemble.com)

Sebaceous carcinoma commonly shows marked nuclear atypia and mitotic figures (200× magnification). (medscape.com)
Tumor thickness, Clark's level, mitotic rate, nuclear area and fractal dimension were significant risk factors in univariate Cox regressions. (biomedcentral.com)

SAM domain and HD domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a deoxynucleotide triphosphohydrolase (dNTPase) that inhibits retroviruses by depleting intracellular deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) in non-cycling myeloid cells. (oncotarget.com)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)

Characteristic changes in hematology parameters were decreased red blood cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin concentration. (jaksignaling.com)

Notably, the no treatment group and PFK15+bc2 treatment groups had elevated levels of antigen specific Th1 and Th17 pro-inflammatory cells compared to the prevention group, which had undetectable levels. (aiche.org)

MCL1 has been identified as a resistance factor for BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax in lymphoma cells. (wikipedia.org)

Additionally, the PFK15+bc2 prevention group had an increased population of antigen specific Tregs and number of proliferating Tregs in the popliteal LNs. (aiche.org)

Anatomy24

Organisms16

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care3

PCNA9

Proliferation41

Proteins15

Apoptosis6

Disease progression2

Differentiation9

Malignant9

Propidium iodide1

Interacts1

VEGF1

Synthesis6

Metastatic4

Vascular3

Phosphorylation4

Inhibition1

Endothelial cells2

Immunohistochemistry1

Epithelial cells5

Fibronectin1

Pathways3

Cytokine1

Development and progression3

Expression16

Cycle31

Dendritic cells2

Genes1

Glycolysis4

Inflammation2

Tumor cell2

Dysregulation2

Squamous cell7

Autoantibodies3

Receptors2

PROSTATE6

Regulation2

Subsequent2

Reduction2

Cellular3

Tumors5

Anti-inflammatory1

Initiation1

Replication fork1

Physiology1

Cancer14

Immune3

Fibroblasts1

Tissue5

Sequence1

Macrophages1

Carcinogenesis1

Mice2

Mitotic2

Protein2

Flow cytometry1

Parameters1

Inflammatory1

Inhibitor1

Additionally1