Prognostic models for long term outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain glasgow outcome scale. Medical search. Frequent questions

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the mainstay for rapid neurologic assessment in acute head injury. (medscape.com)
In 2018, a commercially available blood test for mild brain injury was approved by the FDA. (medscape.com)
For more than 100 years, clinicians have evaluated the pupils of patients with suspected or known brain injury or impaired consciousness to monitor neurological status and trends, checking for pupil size and reactivity to light. (wikipedia.org)
Today, clinicians routinely evaluate pupils as a component of the neurological examination and monitoring of critically ill patients, including patients with traumatic brain injury and stroke. (wikipedia.org)
Alterations of the pupil light reflex, size of the pupil, and anisocoria (unequal pupils) are correlated with outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury. (wikipedia.org)
Investigators have used pupil size and reactivity as fundamental parameters of outcome predictive models in conjunction with other clinical information such as age, mechanism of injury, and Glasgow Coma Scale, and have correlated the models with the presence and location of intracranial mass lesions. (wikipedia.org)
According to the new American Heart Association guidelines, most deaths attributable to post-cardiac arrest brain injury are due to active withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment based on a predicted poor neurological outcome. (wikipedia.org)
The NPi and automated pupillometry have recently been included in the updated 2020 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) as an object measurement supporting brain injury prognosis in patients following cardiac arrest. (wikipedia.org)
A strong association exists between hyperglycemia and outcome in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). (frontiersin.org)
In the context of trauma, primary brain injury occurs due to cellular and extracellular matrix disruption from direct mechanical forces at the time of the traumatic incident. (frontiersin.org)
Primary brain injury then initiates a complex cascade of secondary molecular and vascular mechanisms culminating in inflammation, edema, impaired cerebral autoregulation, blood-brain barrier disruption, intracranial hypertension, reduced cerebral perfusion, and ultimately neuronal cell death. (frontiersin.org)
Secondary brain injury persists for weeks and may contribute to a further loss of potentially viable cerebral tissue, ultimately worsening neurological outcome ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
While primary brain injury is unpredictable and irreversible, the sequelae of secondary brain injury may be modified by prevention or minimization of recognized exacerbating systemic insults, such as hypotension, hypoxia, and hyperglycemia ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Hyperglycemia occurs frequently in the pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) population and the occurrence of elevated blood glucose values has been linked to increased mortality and worse neurological outcomes ( 3 - 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Background: Traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is a life-threatening injury. (bvsalud.org)
Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with increased mortality in AOD patients, a detailed individual analysis of these patients is lacking in the literature. (bvsalud.org)
Objectives Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, which may impact recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). (bmj.com)
Methods TRACK-TBI is a prospective study of patients with acute mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale=13-15) who were enrolled ≤24 hours of injury at an emergency department of level 1 trauma centres and followed for 12 months. (bmj.com)
Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), Quality of Life After Brain Injury and Glasgow Outcome Score-Extended reflecting injury-related functional limitations at 6 and 12 months were collected. (bmj.com)
Obesity and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are associated with inflammation, but little is known about whether obesity moderates the relationship between mTBI and inflammatory response. (bmj.com)
To discover if there is a significant difference in the pattern and severity of injury sustained during falls in patients who have consumed alcohol and those who have not. (bmj.com)
A systematic history and examination permitted calculation of injury severity scores as per abbreviated injury scale update 1998. (bmj.com)
Alcohol related falls are more often associated with severe craniofacial injury. (bmj.com)
Review of the literature demonstrated a Finnish study by Honkanen 1 and an American study by Hingson 2 investigating alcohol related falls although there has been more research on the effect of alcohol on general brain injury. (bmj.com)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as acquired brain injury, head injury, or brain injury, causes substantial disability and mortality. (medscape.com)
See Pediatric Concussion and Other Traumatic Brain Injuries , a Critical Images slideshow, to help identify the signs and symptoms of TBI, determine the type and severity of injury, and initiate appropriate treatment. (medscape.com)
In 1969, researchers developed the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) to grade the severity of individual injuries. (medscape.com)
Since its introduction, by the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM) International Injury Scaling Committee (IISC), the parent organization of the AIS modified the AIS, most recently in 2005 (AIS-2005). (medscape.com)
The AIS is the basis for the Injury Severity Score (ISS), which is the most widely used measure of injury severity in patients with trauma. (medscape.com)
Although, decisions for individual patients should never be based solely on a statistically derived injury severity score, scoring systems can nonetheless serve to estimate quantitatively the level of acuity of injured patients that are applied to adjustments in hospital outcome assessments. (medscape.com)
Injury severity scoring is indispensable in stratifying patients into comparable groups for prospective clinical trials. (medscape.com)
Similarly, this technique can be used retrospectively to identify and control for differences in baseline injury severity between patient populations. (medscape.com)
Assessing outcomes objectively is challenging, but the evolution of injury severity scoring systems with sufficient precision and reproducibility now permits trauma centers to compare their processes and outcomes, facilitating identification of best practices that form the foundations of quality improvement programs. (medscape.com)
Researchers use multiple independent variables (eg, age, injury severity) to predict the dependent variable (or outcome). (medscape.com)
While the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) is one of the strongest outcome predictors, the current classification of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as 'mild', 'moderate' or 'severe' based on this fails to capture enormous heterogeneity in pathophysiology and treatment response. (biomedcentral.com)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disease with a wide variety of injury mechanisms and tissue pathologies, affecting people at all stages of life. (biomedcentral.com)
Glibenclamide has been shown to improve outcomes in cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). (thejns.org)
Delayed admission to appropriate care has been shown increase mortality following traumatic brain injury (TBI). (biomedcentral.com)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability among the young around the world [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pre-hospital emergency medical service (EMS) protocol mandates transportation of patients requiring neurosurgical and intensive care directly to the designated hospital following injury. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Vitamins C and E on mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) score of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acute injury to the skull caused by external sources that can be classified into mild, moderate, and severe according to the patient's condition. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Cerebral oedema is associated with significant neurological damage in patients with traumatic brain injury. (biomedcentral.com)
We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of the non-peptide bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist Anatibant in the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Adults with traumatic brain injury and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 or less, who had a CT scan showing an intracranial abnormality consistent with trauma, and were within eight hours of their injury were randomly allocated to low, medium or high dose Anatibant or to placebo. (biomedcentral.com)
Outcomes were Serious Adverse Events (SAE), mortality 15 days following injury and in-hospital morbidity assessed by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), the Disability Rating Scale (DRS) and a modified version of the Oxford Handicap Scale (HIREOS). (biomedcentral.com)
Cerebral oedema is associated with significant mortality and morbidity after traumatic brain injury (TBI). (biomedcentral.com)
A systematic review of controlled studies in animal brain injury models showed that BB2 antagonists reduce brain oedema and improve neurological outcome [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
What characterises work and workplaces that retain their employees following acquired brain injury? (publika.no)
Coagulopathy as prognostic marker in acute traumatic brain injury. (drdeepakaiims.com)
Outcome of patients with traumatic head injury in infants: An institutional experience at level 1 trauma center. (drdeepakaiims.com)
Decompressive craniectomy in term pregnancy with combined cesarean section for traumatic brain injury. (drdeepakaiims.com)
For cases of severe traumatic brain injury, during primary operation, neurosurgeons usually face a dilemma of whether or not to remove the bone flap after mass lesion evacuation. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we designed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to clarify the effect of decompressive craniectomy in severe traumatic brain injury patients with mass lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
This study will provide evidence to optimize primary decompressive craniectomy application and assess outcomes and risks for mass lesions in severe traumatic brain injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) is a major cause of death in young adults in developed countries [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Severe primary injury and exasperate condition necessitate emergent surgical intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
A concussion is a brain injury which happens after a hit to the head or body causes the brain to move back and forth inside the skull, according to the CDC. (ushsho.com)
Link among physicochemical qualities along with resistance to antibiotics surfactant efficiency wasn't observed.Your blood-brain barrier (Better business bureau) prevents healing delivery on the nervous system (CNS), and thus hindering the introduction of therapies pertaining to injury to the brain as well as condition. (ag-881inhibitor.com)
The recently published Centers for Disease Control and Prevention evidence-based guideline on pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) was developed following an extensive review of the scientific literature. (cdc.gov)
PEDIATRIC MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (mTBI), including concussion, is a significant public health concern. (cdc.gov)
In 2014, traumatic brain injury in children, inclusive of mTBI, accounted for more than 800 000 emergency department visits (1103.9 per 100 000 children) and 23 000 hospitalizations (31.4 per 100 000). (cdc.gov)
An audit of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a busy developing-world trauma service exposes a significant deficit in resources available to manage severe TBI. (ox.ac.uk)
BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) affects large numbers of patients, both adults and children, and significant resources are needed to manage it.ObjectiveTo determine the burden of TBI and the adequacy of available resources to manage in the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service (PMTS).MethodsAll patients with a TBI were identified from the hybrid electronic medical registry at Grey's and Edendale hospitals in Pietermaritzburg (PMB), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. (ox.ac.uk)
Patients were classified according to severity of head injury and age. (ox.ac.uk)
The present review aimed to identify through what means neurologic injury can predispose individuals to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). (preprints.org)
Our review narrowed its focus to three common neurologic injuries including traumatic brain injury (TBI), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and stroke. (preprints.org)
An increased risk of intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling occurs in patients with bilaterally dilated pupils, subarachnoid haemorrhage and a shorter time from injury to surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute subdural haematoma (ASDH) is a common and serious injury in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. (biomedcentral.com)
We analyzed patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke as examples. (biomedcentral.com)
Examples of ordinal outcome measures are the modified Rankin Scale (for stroke), the Glasgow Outcome Scale (for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the Guillain Barré syndrome disability score, the NYHA Functional Classification (for heart failure) and the Rutherford Classification (for peripheral artery disease). (biomedcentral.com)

Post-acute covid-19 ("long covid") seems to be a multisystem disease, sometimes occurring after a relatively mild acute illness. (bmj.com)
The specialist rehabilitation needs of a third group, covid-19 patients whose acute illness required intensive care, have been covered elsewhere. (bmj.com)
Cognitive-motor dissociation has been shown to occur in approximately 15% to 20% of clinically unresponsive patients with both acute and chronic disorders of consciousness. (medlink.com)
Is long-bout sedentary behaviour associated with long-term glucose levels 3 months after acute ischaemic stroke? (publika.no)
Her primary focus is the clinical care of critically ill patients in the neurological and other intensive care units and patients with acute stroke and TIA in the inpatient stroke unit. (stanford.edu)
I care for neurologically critically ill patients in the intensive care unit and patients with acute stroke and TIA in the inpatient stroke unit. (stanford.edu)
The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic acute subdural haematomas (ASDH). (biomedcentral.com)
We evaluated the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
The incidence of intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH was 21.88% (56/256). (biomedcentral.com)
This study identified the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings should help neurosurgeons obtain information before surgery about intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute diffuse brain swelling is one of the leading causes of intraoperative acute encephalocele, and it also has the highest mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute diffuse brain swelling during DC is often accompanied by an acute drop in blood pressure, and the mortality is very high. (biomedcentral.com)
This information is urgently needed in clinical work to estimate the incidence of intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling based on preoperative clinical and imaging data, and this information can help neurosurgeons accurately determine the surgical risk and to provide reasonable suggestions to patients' families. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we aimed to explore the risk factors for intraoperative acute diffuse brain swelling in patients with isolated traumatic ASDH. (biomedcentral.com)

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 50,000 individuals die from traumatic brain injuries each year in the United States. (medscape.com)
Pupillometry, the measurement of pupil size and reactivity, is a key part of the clinical neurological exam for patients with a wide variety of neurological injuries. (wikipedia.org)
Special regard in the examination was given to Glasgow coma scale, a precise anatomical description of injuries, results of investigations and treatment were recorded. (bmj.com)
Factors increasing likelihood of this were: male gender, incident at public place compared to home, low energy trauma, absence of pre-hospital physician involvement, stable blood pressure, no major extra cranial injuries, normal pupillary light reflex and severe alcohol intoxication. (biomedcentral.com)
Dr. Staudenmayer was promoted to Associate Professor of Surgery in 2016, and continues her research, policy and advocacy work to improve the care and outcomes for patients with traumatic injuries and critical surgical illnesses. (stanford.edu)
The causes of disorders of consciousness include traumatic brain injuries, diffuse cerebral ischemia or hypoxia as can follow cardiac arrest, or cerebral infarction or hemorrhage. (medlink.com)

METHODS: Multicentre retrospective study of patients presenting with macroadenomas and pituitary apoplexy in three Spanish tertiary hospitals between 2008 and 2022. (bvsalud.org)
Methods: Patients ≥16 years old who were diagnosed of AOD with concomitant severe TBI from 2010 to 2020 were included in this retrospective study. (bvsalud.org)
Mission Creep: Will widening the range of ages and diagnoses in Early Intervention in Psychosis teams, without new resources, undermine their mission and dilute their methods, intensity and outcomes to the point of no difference? (iepaconference.org)
METHODS The PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched for papers published up to 13 December 2021, using the MeSH terms "ECMO", "'Erythrocytes", and "Mortality" to identify meta-analyses. (transfusionevidencelibrary.com)

Obese body mass may be an important risk factor for inflammatory response to mTBI and long-term clinical outcomes. (bmj.com)
Here, we retrospectively analyzed the relationship between clinical outcomes and the CONUT score in aSAH patients during hospitalization. (nature.com)
3 , 40 , 41 ] Recently, Vitamins C and E have been administered in patients with TBI to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

Nine studies demonstrated prognostic value of the FOUR score in predicting mortality and functional outcomes. (springer.com)
Thirty-two studies demonstrated equivalency or superiority of the FOUR score compared to Glasgow Coma Score in prediction of mortality and functional outcomes. (springer.com)
The authors sought to evaluate glibenclamide's impact on mortality and functional outcomes of patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH). (thejns.org)

Our goal was to perform a scoping systematic review on the available literature for FOUR score and outcome prediction in critically ill patients. (springer.com)
Clinical assessment of neurological status is a vital element in decision making, outcome prediction, and information sharing among medical professionals. (springer.com)
However, trauma mortality prediction in individual patients by any scoring system is limited and is in general no better than good clinical judgment. (medscape.com)
Fundamentally, trauma outcome prediction is a multivariate problem. (medscape.com)
Standardized trauma scoring systems allow for appropriate triage and classification of trauma patients as well as prediction of patient outcomes and risk adjustment when evaluating patient outcomes and hospital performance. (bmj.com)
The developed prediction models achieved a classification accuracy of over 96% for subgroup classification by using 399 CpGs as prediction biomarkers. (neurosurgery.directory)
We also assessed the prognostic relevance of prediction biomarkers using survival analysis. (neurosurgery.directory)

Bradykinin is an inflammatory mediator that may contribute to cerebral oedema by increasing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
An increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is believed to be responsible for oedema formation. (biomedcentral.com)

In order to find some concrete criteria that could influence the prognosis of these patients, we performed this retrospective study. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
The focus of debate resides in whether DC would be able to improve the prognosis of patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, our review intended to draw attention to a lack of PTSD prognosis in TBI, SAH, and stroke patients who could benefit from early treatment. (preprints.org)
Patients with standard-risk medulloblastoma may have a more favorable prognosis because of the higher likelihood of complete tumor removal and the absence of metastasis. (neurosurgery.directory)
In contrast, high-risk patients may face a more challenging treatment course and potentially a poorer prognosis due to the presence of metastasis and the difficulty in achieving complete tumor resection. (neurosurgery.directory)

Her initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was 12. (medscape.com)
Traditionally, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) has been widely adopted to document and formally assess neurological status. (springer.com)
These include brain death (1968), the vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (1972), and, later, the minimally conscious state (2002), in addition to the previously recognized state of unarousable-unresponsive-unconsciousness known as coma. (medlink.com)
Patients with VS/UWS and MCS have severe brain damage who survive initial periods of coma (usually 1 to 3 weeks), can maintain brainstem functions, do not require mechanical respiratory support, and redevelop sleep-wake cycles, including prolonged periods of eye-opening, but have no (vegetative state) or intermittent but definite clinical evidence of consciousness (MCS). (medlink.com)
The clinical presentation varies from headaches and dizziness to rapid deterioration of consciousness to the point of coma in severe cases. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission, as well as other parameters as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, presence of malign tumors in the medical history, or the intake of anticoagulants were assessed as independent factors influencing the outcome of the patients. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Coma is unresponsiveness from which the patient cannot be aroused and in which the patient's eyes remain closed. (msdmanuals.com)
For long-term coma, adjunctive treatment includes passive range-of-motion exercises, enteral feedings, and measures to prevent pressure ulcers. (msdmanuals.com)
We defined mild TBI as Glasgow coma scale (GCS) 13 - 15, moderate as GCS 9 - 12, and severe as GCS ≤8, in accordance with international standards. (ox.ac.uk)

The International Consensus Statements on Concussion in Sport, among others, highlighted the need for continued research and evidence-based strategies to improve diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of mTBI to help improve outcomes for children with mTBI. (cdc.gov)

There were 2 540 mild, 326 moderate, and 329 severe TBI admissions during the period under review. (ox.ac.uk)

Her research focuses on the study of intracerebral hemorrhage using brain imaging with CT and MRI. (stanford.edu)

The advent of modern intensive care in the 1960s allowed for continuing and prolonged cardiorespiratory support of critically ill patients, one consequence of which was recognition of various clinical disorders of consciousness. (medlink.com)

Herein, we describe observations of serum markers of glucose metabolism in a cohort of pediatric TBI patients and how these variables are related to parameters of intracranial pathophysiology. (frontiersin.org)
A retrospective analysis was performed on pediatric severe TBI patients admitted to Addenbrookes Hospital Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) between January 2001 and December 2013. (frontiersin.org)
Increases in systemic glucose are associated with impaired cerebrovasular autoregulation after severe pediatric TBI. (frontiersin.org)
This course is designed for all healthcare professionals involved in the care of pediatric patients, especially those in trauma care centers. (netce.com)
In the 5th edition of the WHO classification, medulloblastoma s, which are representative pediatric brain tumor s, are categorized into four groups: WNT, SHH-TP53 wild, SHH-TP53 mutant, and non-WNT/non-SHH, based on their molecular background. (neurosurgery.directory)

Patient history (spinal trauma, ICU hospitalization and/or previous wound-related complications) increased the likelihood of CLGSII. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, we examined the association of clinical outcome with the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score during hospitalization in aSAH patients. (nature.com)
These findings indicate that CONUT score during hospitalization may be a useful daily marker for predicting poor outcomes in aSAH patients. (nature.com)
Thus, it is important to identify a useful marker of the nutritional status of SAH patients during hospitalization. (nature.com)
However, it is unclear whether the CONUT score during hospitalization influences the functional outcomes of aSAH patients. (nature.com)

It could be also shown that the patients with intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, compression of the fourth ventricle over 50% of its maximal width and TPF, had a poor clinical outcome. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

A cohort study by Hemmila et al that included 2,373,130 trauma patients reported statistically significant hospital improvements in major complications and venous thromboembolism, as well as improvements in mortality or hospice after participation in regional collaborative trauma quality improvement programs. (medscape.com)
reported in a prospective study of 58 SAH patients that a negative energy balance during the first 7 days after SAH correlated with the number of infectious complications 10 . (nature.com)
These researchers also showed in a prospective observational study of 229 SAH patients that a negative nitrogen balance during the first 14 post-bleed days is a risk factor for infectious complications and is associated with poor outcomes (mRS ≥ 4) at 3 months 11 . (nature.com)
The immediate and long-term outcomes, complications, recurrences and the need for retreatment were analyzed in a series of 280 consecutive patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysms treated with the endovascular technique. (neurosurgery.directory)
Broadly, such patients can be divided into those who may have serious sequelae (such as thromboembolic complications) and those with a non-specific clinical picture, often dominated by fatigue and breathlessness. (bmj.com)
In addition, decompressive craniectomy is associated with various complications, and the procedure lacks strong evidence of better outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
The secondary endpoints include quality of life measured by EQ-5D, mortality, complications, intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure control and incidence of salvage craniectomy in craniotomy patients at each investigation time point. (biomedcentral.com)

A logistic regression model was constructed to evaluate the association of the CONUT score with a modified Rankin scale (mRS) ≥ 3 and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). (nature.com)
Similar results were found for analyses considering the dichotomized 6-month mRS score (favorable score 0-2), as well as for the secondary outcomes of discharge mRS score (either ordinal or dichotomized), mortality, and delayed cerebral ischemia. (thejns.org)
from Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía aimed to report the characteristics of patients suffering intra- or peri-procedural ruptures during embolization of cerebral aneurysm s. (neurosurgery.directory)
Her main interests are in brain hemorrhage, unusual and rare causes of stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, anticoagulation management after strokes and use of technology for improving outcomes in the neurological ICU. (stanford.edu)
unilateral cerebral hemisphere disorders are not sufficient, although they may cause severe neurologic deficits. (msdmanuals.com)
Any condition that increases intracranial pressure (ICP) may decrease cerebral perfusion pressure, resulting in secondary brain ischemia. (msdmanuals.com)
Secondary brain ischemia may affect the RAS or both cerebral hemispheres, impairing consciousness. (msdmanuals.com)

patients with longer durations of posttraumatic amnesia have poorer outcomes. (medscape.com)

Decompressive craniectomy, which involves expansion of fixed cranial cavity, is used to treat intra-operative brain swelling and post-operative malignant intracranial hypertension. (biomedcentral.com)
In this trial, 336 patients with traumatic mass lesions will be randomly allocated to a therapeutic decompressive craniectomy group or a prophylactic decompressive craniectomy group. (biomedcentral.com)
In the therapeutic decompressive craniectomy group, the bone flap will be removed or replaced depending on the emergence of brain swelling. (biomedcentral.com)
Salvage decompressive craniectomy will be performed for craniotomy patients once there is evidence of imaging deterioration and post-operative malignant intracranial hypertension. (biomedcentral.com)
A total of 256 patients who underwent decompressive craniectomy for isolated traumatic ASDH between April 2013 and December 2020 were included. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition to presenting neurology, a profile of biochemical derangement was found to be an important distinguishing feature that was both biologically plausible and associated with outcome. (biomedcentral.com)

The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) uses pupillary response as a systematic assessment tool to provide a quantitative measure of stroke-related neurologic deficit and to evaluate acuity of stroke patients, determine appropriate treatment, and predict patient outcome. (wikipedia.org)
Physical and brain frailty in ischaemic stroke or TIA: shared occurrence and outcomes. (gla.ac.uk)
In addition, she sees patients with stroke and neurovascular diseases in her stroke clinic as well as patients discharged from the neurological ICU in the Outcomes clinic. (stanford.edu)
We simulated ordinal and dichotomous outcomes based on the modified Rankin Scale (stroke) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (TBI) in scenarios with and without true differences between hospitals in outcome. (biomedcentral.com)

The FOUR score has been shown to be a useful outcome predictor in many patients with depressed level of consciousness. (springer.com)
However, functional neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies suggest that some degree of consciousness or awareness that has not been or could not be determined by behavioral evaluations alone may be present in some of these patients who, hence, have covert consciousness. (medlink.com)
Functional neuroimaging and electrophysiological technologies may indicate consciousness through neural correlates, surrogates, or proxies in patients without behavioral evidence of consciousness owing to loss of appropriate motor function. (medlink.com)
Prolonged recovery in patients with disorders of consciousness is not infrequent, particularly in minimally conscious state patients, and most patients may benefit from continued aggressive physical therapies. (medlink.com)
These disorders of consciousness are often temporary evolutionary syndromes that exist on a continuum, with some patients transitioning sequentially from VS/UWS to MCS and then, possibly, to higher states of consciousness. (medlink.com)
Less severely impaired levels of consciousness are often labeled as lethargy or, if more severe, obtundation. (msdmanuals.com)

We investigated factors associated with delayed admission to a hospital with neurosurgical expertise in a cohort of TBI patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). (biomedcentral.com)
Using data from records of patients in a retrospective cohort study, we included 1321 TBI patients, 269 treated and 1052 untreated, aged over 18 years with information on exposure (i.e. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

Notably, a cluster with 'moderate' TBI (by traditional classification) and deranged metabolic profile, had a worse outcome than a cluster with 'severe' GCS and a normal metabolic profile. (biomedcentral.com)
42 ] Severe TBI carries a 30% mortality risk, and roughly half of the patients with moderate or severe TBI regain their independence. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

The 30-day and 6-month mortality rate is 39% and 49%, respectively, and only 23% of patients have a favorable outcome, as evaluated using a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0-2 2 . (nature.com)
The primary endpoint is favorable outcome according to the Extended Glasgow Outcome Score (5-8) at 12 months. (biomedcentral.com)

None of the demographic or clinical factors in our logistic model correlated choice of empiric anti-MRSA therapy with Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the presence or absence of MRSA in culture in our sample of patients who underwent culture and received antibiotics. (pafrinhibitors.com)
The potential efficiency gain of ordinal outcomes, analyzed with ordinal logistic regression, compared to dichotomous outcomes, analyzed with binary logistic regression was expressed as the possible reduction in sample size while keeping the same statistical power to detect outliers. (biomedcentral.com)

We retrospectively analyzed the factors influencing the outcome of 57 patients with intracerebellar hematomas treated in our clinic in the last 7 years. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

The objective was to assess the role of obesity in recovery of symptoms, functional outcome and inflammatory blood biomarkers after mTBI. (bmj.com)
Identification of biomarkers known to be associated with neurodegeneration in patients with PTSD would shed light on the pathophysiological mechanisms linking these disorders, and would also help in the development of preventive approaches aimed at reducing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders in PTSD. (preprints.org)

This population may include intubated patients, which are difficult to assess with the GCS due to their lack of verbal communication. (springer.com)
To find a practical clinical tool to assess DIP in patients with severe mental illness (SMI), the associatio. (biomedcentral.com)

Women's sports have historically not received the same attention or funding as men's sports, Dr. Ann McKee, Director of the Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center told CNN. (ushsho.com)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder that occurs following exposure to traumatic events. (preprints.org)

Forty-four patients with an average age of 12.2 years were admitted to the PICU with a TBI requiring invasive neurosurgical monitoring. (frontiersin.org)
Patients transported to the emergency room for aSAH and diagnosed with World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade III and IV aSAH between April 2004 and March 2021 were enrolled. (nature.com)
The median Hunt and Hess, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), and modified Fisher scale (mFS) scores were 3 (IQR 2-4), 3 (IQR 3-4), and 3 (IQR 1-4), respectively. (thejns.org)
Patients in the delayed admission group were initially transported to a local hospital without neurosurgical expertise before inter-transfer to the designated hospital. (biomedcentral.com)
This retrospective study was performed on 256 patients who underwent surgery after being diagnosed with isolated traumatic ASDH at our neurosurgical department between April 2013 and December 2020. (biomedcentral.com)

36 ] There have been numerous reports of medical interventions to accelerate the prognostic improvement of patients, including corticosteroids, erythropoietin, and magnesium. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
We integrated CRE with implementation and outcome constructs from the Adapted Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to ensure that the evaluation produced useful evidence for putting evidence-based diabetes interventions to use in real-world settings, reaching populations who are at an increased risk of developing diabetes. (cdc.gov)
Specific recommendations are provided related to diagnostic accuracy, population screening, prognostic accuracy, and therapeutic interventions. (cdc.gov)

Numeric scales allow for a more rigorous interpretation and classification of the pupil response and are a primary feature of both hardware and software based pupillometers. (wikipedia.org)
This molecular-based classification holds promise in guiding the development of optimal treatment strategies for patients with medulloblastoma 1) . (neurosurgery.directory)

Packman study: RCT - prehospital ketamine v morphine for traumatic pain. (sheffield.ac.uk)
351 healthy adult patients were included in the study, there were 238 in the no alcohol group, 113 had consumed alcohol and blood alcohol intake were obtained for 47. (bmj.com)
Only patients who had fallen from a standing position to the ground were included in the study. (bmj.com)
Patients falling from a height, being pushed, not actually making contact with the ground with a body part higher than the ankle, and falls from horses, motorbikes, bicycles, sports, etc, were excluded from the study. (bmj.com)
Scientific study of the epidemiology of trauma and trauma outcomes would not be possible otherwise. (medscape.com)
A total of 710 patients were admitted to our hospital with SAH during the study period. (nature.com)
In this study, glibenclamide was not associated with better functional outcomes after aSAH. (thejns.org)
Our study suggests that using Vitamins C and E could decrease mortality and length of ICU stay and improve the GOS-E score and functions of the patients with severe TBI. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
This trial did not reach the planned sample size of 400 patients and consequently, the study power to detect an increase in the risk of serious adverse events was reduced. (biomedcentral.com)
The results of the study showed that patients with poor GCS on admission had also a poor Glasgow Outcome Score. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
The inclusion criteria for this retrospective study were as follows: (1) ASDH caused by trauma, (2) ASDH located on the supratentorial region of the brain, (3) emergency DC performed immediately after admission, and (4) age between 18 and 80 years old. (biomedcentral.com)
In the IMPACT study (9578 patients in 265 hospitals, mean number of patients per hospital = 36), the analysis of the ordinal scale rather than the dichotomized scale ('unfavorable outcome'), allowed for up to 32% less patients in the analysis without a loss of power. (biomedcentral.com)

We introduced as a new factor that is, the cerebellar hemorrhage/PF ratio and found out that the value >35% was associated to an unfavorable outcome. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
RAS dysfunction can also be caused by focal ischemia (eg, certain upper brain stem infarcts), hemorrhage, or direct, mechanical disruption. (msdmanuals.com)

127 patients diagnosed with WFNS grade III and IV aSAH were analyzed. (nature.com)
The social and economic losses of patients with aSAH in the event of death or inability to return to society are therefore substantial 3 . (nature.com)
4 at admission independently predicted patients' functional outcome status at 3 months after aSAH 7 . (nature.com)
Patients with radiologically confirmed aSAH, aged 18 to 70 years, who presented to the hospital within 96 hours of ictus were randomly allocated to receive 5 mg of oral glibenclamide for 21 days or placebo, in a modified intention-to-treat analysis. (thejns.org)

Its theoretical benefit over preexisting scores is its evaluation of brainstem reflexes and respiratory pattern which may allow better assessment of patients with severe neurologic impairment. (springer.com)
Thus, the FOUR score provides a structured scoring system for aspects of brainstem function that can be assessed in all patients, including those unable to verbally communicate. (springer.com)
Traumatic brainstem hematoma. (drdeepakaiims.com)

Intraprocedural aneurysm rupture and thrombus formation are serious complication s during coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysm s, and they more often occur in patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysm s. (neurosurgery.directory)
A stepwise management of intracranial pressure will be provided according to the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines. (biomedcentral.com)
Brain Herniation Brain herniation occurs when increased intracranial pressure causes the abnormal protrusion of brain tissue through openings in rigid intracranial barriers (eg, tentorial notch). (msdmanuals.com)
Neurosurgeons can manage remote intracranial haematomas by contralateral craniotomy but are often struggle to manage diffuse brain swelling due to a lack of an effective treatment method. (biomedcentral.com)

We selected as control group (non-pituitary apoplexy), patients with pituitary macroadenomas without apoplexy who underwent pituitary surgery between 2008 and 2020. (bvsalud.org)

24 h) demographic, clinical, physiological, laboratory and imaging data to identify subgroups of TBI patients admitted to the intensive care unit in the CENTER-TBI dataset ( N = 1,728). (biomedcentral.com)
A total of 242 (7.3%) patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), of whom 137 (57.0%) had a GCS of ≤9. (ox.ac.uk)

Many clinical continuous or ordinal outcome scales do exist and are recorded, but these are often dichotomized (favorable and unfavorable) in quality of care comparisons, for reasons of simplicity. (biomedcentral.com)

however, a significant subset reports long-term sequelae. (cdc.gov)

Long-term physical, cognitive, and behavioral impairments are the factors that most commonly limit a patient's reintegration into the community and his/her return to employment. (medscape.com)
1) Of all clinically unresponsive patients, who is in cognitive-motor dissociation? (medlink.com)
2) Should the usual duration of aggressive rehabilitation therapies be extended in patients in minimally conscious state and cognitive-motor dissociation? (medlink.com)
3) Should end-of-life or right-to-life issues be adjusted in minimally conscious state and cognitive-motor dissociation patients? (medlink.com)

The differences between the mean levels for GCS, DRS and HIREOS in the Anatibant and placebo groups, when adjusted for baseline GCS, showed a non-significant trend for worse outcomes in all three measures. (biomedcentral.com)

A systematic review of randomised trials of BB2 antagonists in TBI patients found three small trials with a total of 178 participants and provided no reliable evidence of either benefit or harm. (biomedcentral.com)

A retrospective analysis of all TBI patients treated in the ICUs of Helsinki University Central Hospital was carried out from 1.1.2009 to 31.12.2010. (biomedcentral.com)

Our findings contribute to enhanced survival outcomes for patients with medulloblastoma. (neurosurgery.directory)

Disability Rating Scale (DRS). (medscape.com)

The primary outcome of interest was patient global outcome, as assessed by any of: mortality, modified Rankin Score, Glasgow Outcome Score, or any other functional or neuropsychiatric outcome. (springer.com)
Since its inception, the FOUR score has been studied in a variety of settings and patient populations. (springer.com)
The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, which is calculated based on patients' serum albumin, total lymphocytes and total cholesterol, is associated with Full Nutritional Assessment (FNA) and was recently introduced as a nutritional screening tool 12 . (nature.com)

A novel simple measure correlates to the outcome in 57 patients with intracerebellar hematomas. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

However, a shortcoming of the GCS is its inaccuracy in certain patient populations, including those with severe neurological impairment. (springer.com)
Dr. Staudenmayer's clinical focus is on trauma, emergency general surgery, and surgical critical care, and her research interests encompass trauma systems of care and vulnerable patient populations such as the elderly. (stanford.edu)

It occurs when a sudden trauma damages the brain and disrupts normal brain function. (medscape.com)

Anatomy2

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment52

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes10

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Humanities1

Information Science7

Named Groups1

Health Care34

Geographicals1

Injury71

Acute15

Injuries6

Methods4

Clinical outcomes3

Mortality and functional outcomes3

Prediction7

Blood-brain b2

Prognosis5

Coma9

Concussion1

Mild1

Intracerebral hemorrhage1

Critically ill patients1

Pediatric5

Hospitalization5

Intraventricular hemorrhage1

Complications7

Cerebral7

Posttraumatic1

Decompressive5

Neurology1

Stroke4

Consciousness6

Cohort2

Moderate2

Favorable outcome2

Logistic2

Retrospectively analyzed1

Biomarkers2

Assess2

Chronic2

Neurosurgical5

Interventions3

Classification2

Study12

Hemorrhage2

ASAH4

Brainstem3

Intracranial4

20201

Intensive care2

Unfavorable1

Sequelae1

Cognitive4

Worse1

Systematic1

Retrospective analysis1

Findings1

Disability Rating Scale1

Score3

Correlates1

Populations2

Occurs1