Progenitors stem cell lineages. Medical search. Frequent questions

Despite great advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying blood production, lineage specification at the level of multipotent progenitors (MPPs) remains poorly understood. (nih.gov)
During regular hematopoiesis, multipotent progenitors (myeloid-T-B progenitors) first lose the potential to generate B cells. (riken.jp)

There are two basic types of stem cell: adult stem cells, which are limited in their ability to differentiate, and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which are pluripotent and have the capability of differentiating into any cell type. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
A targeted neuroglial reporter line generated by homologous recombination in human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)
A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)

Hart, D.A. (2014) Why Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Progenitor Cell Heterogeneity in Specific Environments? (scirp.org)
Heterogeneity within hematopoietic progenitor populations has considerably limited characterization and molecular understanding of lineage commitment in both health and disease. (europa.eu)
One sentence summary Murine hematopoietic stem cells display transcriptional heterogeneity that is quantitatively altered with age and leads to the age-dependent myeloid bias evident after inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
Consequently, investigation of molecular heterogeneity in the differentiation potential of HSPC is vital to identify novel regulators that affect generation of specific cell types, especially RBC. (lu.se)
Therefore, our findings are keys to understanding how a lineage-dependent cue regulates EC heterogeneity in future studies. (go.jp)
Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
Recent single cell transcriptome analysis of distal TE inferred that HGSC heterogeneity could be connected to diverse cell states present in TE cell lineages. (cornell.edu)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) are mitogens that promote neural progenitor and stem cell growth in vitro, though other factors synthesized by the neural progenitor and stem cell populations are also required for optimal growth. (wikipedia.org)
However, given that bivalent domains can still be observed-albeit in lower proportion-in unipotent cells such as T cells and MEFs, an admixture of cell populations appears to be an unlikely explanation for the observed coexistence of these marks. (researchgate.net)
As demonstrated November 30 in the journal Stem Cell Reports , researchers in Canada converted adult mouse respiratory tract cells called Club cells into large, pure populations of induced progenitor-like (iPL) cells, which retained a residual memory of their parental cell lineage and therefore specifically generated mature Club cells. (eurekalert.org)
This technology can theoretically be applied to almost any cell type that can be isolated and purified, and isolation of highly purified populations of adult cells from most organs is already possible with existing techniques. (eurekalert.org)
Our preliminary studies show that, in addition to known secretory (OVGP1+) and ciliated (FOXJ1+, CD24+) epithelial cells, there are several epithelial cell populations characterized by preferential expression ofstem/progenitor cell markers, such as SLC1A3, CD49f (ITGA6), and KLF6. (cornell.edu)
The present work reports an hESC reporter line generated by homologous recombination targeting a neural lineage-specific gene, which can be differentiated and sorted to obtain pure neural progenitor populations. (ca.gov)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

Here, we show that MPP2 and MPP3 are distinct myeloid-biased MPP subsets that work together with lymphoid-primed MPP4 cells to control blood production. (nih.gov)
We examined hematopoietic stem cells at four stages of differentiation, lineage-committed progenitors, and mature myeloid and lymphoid cells. (nih.gov)
In textbook theory, HSCs branch early on into two progenitor cell types, one of which, known as the common lymphoid progenitor (CLP), later differentiates into T and B cells. (riken.jp)
A malignancy in the lymphoid lineage that includes white blood cells such as T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. (medgadget.com)
One of these is fate determination of the common lymphoid progenitor, promoting T-cell development at the expense of B-cell differentiation. (lu.se)

This rubric exemplifies the utility of this cross-platform resource for deconvoluting the complexity of tran- scriptional programs controlling stem/progenitor cell fate in hematopoiesis. (lu.se)
Hematopoiesis is an important model for stem cell differentiation with great medical significance. (europa.eu)
Here, we propose to uncover the hierarchy and regulatory mechanisms controlling hematopoiesis by combining comprehensive single-cell RNA-Seq analyses, modelling approaches, advanced functional assays, single-cell CRISPR screens, knockout models and epigenetic profiling. (europa.eu)
We will pursue the following aims: (i) Generate a refined model of hematopoiesis by comprehensive single-cell RNA-Seq profiling of hematopoietic progenitors, (ii) validate the predicted model by in vivo functional developmental assays and then (iii) test candidate transcription and chromatin factors uncovered by our model for their role in controlling progression towards various lineages using single-cell measurements combined with CRISPR screens. (europa.eu)
Early hematopoiesis is a continuous process in which hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) gradually differentiate toward specific lineages. (cun.es)
Trajectory inference revealed that altered gene expression dynamics accompanied cell differentiation, which could explain age-associated changes in hematopoiesis. (cun.es)
In summary, we demonstrate that the combination of single cell technologies with computational analysis tools enable the study of a variety of cellular mechanisms involved in complex biological systems such as early hematopoiesis and can be used to dissect perturbed differentiation trajectories associated with perturbations such as aging and malignant transformation. (cun.es)
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is defined as the acquisition of somatic mutations in blood cells and is associated with smoking and exposure to genotoxic stimuli. (nature.com)
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in childhood encompasses a diverse group of bone marrow disorders that share a common clonal defect of stem cells and that result in ineffective hematopoiesis with dysplastic changes in the marrow. (medscape.com)

Differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to cells of the endoderm lineage with our specialized cell culture media. (stemcell.com)
Melinda is highly proficient in the use of in vitro and in vivo assays for normal and malignant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, determination of self-renewal, expansion and lineage specific differentiation capabilities, and the use of induced pluripotent stem cells for the investigation of hematopoietic disorders and leukemic progression and the testing of targeted therapeutics. (edu.au)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)
This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
These strat- egies provide a robust way to visualize and isolate specific cell pop- ulations of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)

However, sustained engraftment of the expanded cells was not observed after transplantation, suggesting ineffective expansion of hematopoietic stem cells with long-term repopulating activity (LTR-HSCs). (confex.com)
At optimal coating densities of Delta1, the frequency of LTR-HSCs measured by limiting dilution analysis 16 weeks after transplantation into NSG mice was 4.9- and 4.2-fold higher in hypoxic cultures (1 in 1,586 CD34+ cells) compared with uncultured cells (1 in 7,706) and the normoxia group (1 in 5,090), respectively. (confex.com)
Conversely, we observed no difference in expression of the homing CXCR4 receptor between cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, indicating that hypoxia increased the absolute numbers of LTR-HSCs but not their homing potential after transplantation. (confex.com)
I have expertise in novel therapies for acute myeloid leukemia, stem cell mobilization and homing, as well as stem cell transplantation. (rochester.edu)
In recent years, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have generated a great deal of interest as a potentially unlimited source of various cell types for transplantation. (eurekalert.org)
A major advantage of this approach is the ability to generate patient-specific iPS cells for transplantation, thereby minimizing the risk of harmful immune reactions. (eurekalert.org)
As a novel approach to mitigate chronic stage pathology, we tested transplantation of mouse induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) into the chronically demyelinated corpus callosum (CC) in adult mice. (cam.ac.uk)
MDS is rare in childhood and may have a rapidly progressive course with an extremely poor prognosis without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (medscape.com)
The specific medications administered depend on the choice of therapy and whether it is supportive care only, immunosuppressive therapy, or hematopoietic cell transplantation. (medscape.com)
Myelosuppressive drugs (eg, hydroxyurea), stem cell transplantation, and interferon alfa are also sometimes used. (msdmanuals.com)
This involves transplantation of developing midbrain cells from aborted fetuses, (the part that form mesDA neurons), into the striatum of a PD patient. (lu.se)
We still do not know what specific factors contribute to the success in transplantation i.e. what cells are responsible for motor recovery? (lu.se)
The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)

Neural stem cell proliferation declines as a consequence of aging. (wikipedia.org)
Hoang-Minh LB, Dutra-Clarke M , Breunig JJ, Sarkisian MR. Glioma Cell Proliferation is Enhanced in the Presence of Tumor-derived Cilia Vesicles. (uclahealth.org)
In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
Ly6C high MC presented downregulated co-stimulatory receptors (CD2, GITR, and TIM1) which direct immune cell proliferation, and upregulated co-stimulatory ligands (LIGHT and SEMA4A) which trigger antigen priming and differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
These signaling pathways control many important cellular processes, such as cell growth and division (proliferation) and cell survival. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, the signaling pathways are constantly turned on (constitutively activated), which increases the proliferation and survival of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
The researchers started to genetically reprogram adult Club cells isolated from mice, transiently expressing the four iPS reprogramming factors, but interrupted the process early, prior to reaching the pluripotent state, to generate progenitor-like cells, which are more committed to a specific lineage and show more controlled proliferation than pluripotent cells. (eurekalert.org)
The signaling network in the niche establishes the baseline for self-renewal, fate determination, proliferation, and differentiation of intestinal stem cells. (wjgnet.com)
Materials and method: The pulp tissue, obtained from wisdom teeth, was placed in a 6-well plate containing proper culture medium, and stored at 37 °C and 5% CO2 for cell proliferation and plastic adherence. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the explant method - or cell proliferation method - is suitable for the isolation and culture of stem cells from dental pulp of permanent teeth. (bvsalud.org)
The bcr-abl oncoprotein has uncontrolled tyrosine kinase activity, which deregulates cellular proliferation, decreases adherence of leukemia cells to the bone marrow stroma, and protects leukemic cells from normal programmed cell death (apoptosis). (msdmanuals.com)

Notch activation in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) by treatment with Delta1 ligand has enabled clinically relevant ex vivo expansion of short-term HSPCs. (confex.com)
Endothelial cells (ECs) line blood vessels and can serve as specialized vascular niches for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), a special environment where HSPCs reside and self-renew. (go.jp)
HSPCs are multipotent cells that can self-renew and differentiate to give rise to all blood cell lineages. (go.jp)
When these islet1 -lineage ECs were specifically ablated, most of the HSPCs were lost from the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), a transient vascular niche for HSPCs in zebrafish (Figure 1B). (go.jp)
In this study, we used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to characterize an enriched population of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) obtained from young and elderly healthy individuals. (cun.es)

This shift is accompanied by a reduction in self-renewal activity in regenerating HSCs and reprogramming of MPP4 fate toward the myeloid lineage. (nih.gov)
The frequency of telomerase-expressing cells within each population was proportional to the frequency of cells thought to have self-renewal potential. (nih.gov)
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) are known to be functionally diverse in terms of their self-renewal potential and lineage output. (lu.se)
The arrested cells then entered a cycle of self-renewal in which they replicated but did not further develop. (riken.jp)
Placing the final piece in the puzzle, the researchers discovered that T cell progenitors in the thymus from mice deficient in the gene Bcl11b exhibited the same halted development and self-renewal cycle, while further experiments connected up-regulation of the transcription factor encoded by this gene to IL-7 levels. (riken.jp)
Bcl11b deficiency induces developmental arrest at the myeloid-T progenitor stage, and the arrested myeloid-T progenitors enter a self-renewal cycle. (riken.jp)
C: SVZ neural stem cell (NSC) cultures in self-renewal (neurosphere formation) and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
Thus, the data described here use a novel genetic approach to birthdate centrosomes in human cells and identify asymmetric inheritance of centrosomes as a mechanism to maintain self-renewal properties and to ensure proper neurogenesis in human NPCs. (elifesciences.org)
unlimited self-renewal, maintenance of pluripotency, differentiation into downstream lineages, and with the advancement of properly working tissues and organs consequently. (woofahs.com)

CML ensues when an abnormal pluripotent hematopoietic progenitor cell initiates excessive production of all myeloid lineage cells, primarily in the bone marrow but also in extramedullary sites (eg, spleen, liver). (msdmanuals.com)

The decrease in the number and size of glutamatergic neuronal population affects all cortical layers but is restricted to the frontal and parietal cortices without any change in the occipital cortex, indicating that Fgf2 is necessary to regulate cell number and size in the anterior cerebral cortex. (jneurosci.org)
F: Confocal images showing immunostaining in the DG for the astrocyte marker GFAP in green, for the progenitor precursor marker T-box brain protein 2 (TBR2) in red and for the neuronal precursor marker Doublecortin (DCX) in red. (wjgnet.com)
Consistent with previous reports on rodents, early GFP-expressing cells appeared biased to a neuronal fate, whereas late GFP-expressing cells appeared biased to an oligodendrocytic fate. (ca.gov)
Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)
Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)

In the current research, the researchers sought to substantiate this theory by pinpointing the moment at which T cell progenitors lose the potential to develop into myeloid cells, a key step in determining cell fate. (riken.jp)
Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
Wang Z, Qu YJ, Cui M. Modulation of stem cell fate in intestinal homeostasis, injury and repair. (wjgnet.com)
Both exogenous (inflammation, chemoradiotherapy, and diet) and endogenous factors (mitochondrial dysfunction, extracellular matrix, and enteric nervous system) have vital effects on stem cell fate modulation. (wjgnet.com)
whether cells exiting the ESC condition led by autocrine cues commit preferentially to a neural fate or show competence for multi-lineage differentiation. (woofahs.com)

Batsali, A.K., Kastrinaki, M.C., Papadaki, H.A. and Pontikoglou, C. (2013) Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Wharton's Jelly of the Umbilical Cord: Biological Properties and Emerging Clinical Applications. (scirp.org)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess great therapeutic potential. (hindawi.com)
The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC/MPC) are found in many tissues and fluids including bone marrow, adipose tissues, muscle, synovial membranes, synovial fluid, and blood. (scirp.org)
Borlongan, C.V., Glover, L.E., Tajiri, N., Kaneko, Y. and Freeman, T.B. (2011) The Great Migration of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells towards the Ischemic Brain: Therapeutic Implications for Stroke and Other Neurological Disorders. (scirp.org)
Among bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, 70% exhibited detectable telomerase activity. (nih.gov)
Monocytes (MC) are bone marrow (BM) derived mononuclear phagocytes that play an important role in innate immune response and are the major immune cell population in chronic tissue inflammatory ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
It is arise from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow. (medgadget.com)
Low-power view of hematoxylin-eosin-stained bone marrow showing hypocellularity, with increased adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietic cells in the marrow space. (medscape.com)
The clinical presentation of patients with aplastic anemia includes signs and symptoms related to the decrease in bone marrow production of hematopoietic cells. (medscape.com)

Differences in the size of the central nervous system are among the most important distinctions between the species and thus mutations in the genes that regulate the size of the neural stem cell compartment are among the most important drivers of vertebrate evolution. (wikipedia.org)
Because FOX proteins regulate neural stem cell homeostasis, FOX proteins have been used to protect neural stem cells by inhibiting Wnt signaling. (wikipedia.org)
Neurosphere formation is commonly used as a surrogate for neural stem cell (NSC) function but the relationship between neurosphere-initiating cells (NICs) and NSCs remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)

erythroid cells after in vitro differentiation, despite having similar frequencies of phenotypic HSC initially. (lu.se)
However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)
Exposure of lymphoblastoid cells to WTC particulate matter led to dysregulation of DNA replication at common fragile sites in vitro. (nature.com)
We examined the effects of sustained exposure of hESC\derived mesenchymal\like progenitors to recombinant Wnt5a or BMP\2 in vitro. (woofahs.com)

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia of the nervous system of all animals during embryonic development. (wikipedia.org)
Neural stem cells are more specialized than ESCs because they only generate radial glial cells that give rise to the neurons and to glia of the central nervous system (CNS). (wikipedia.org)
Cells both detect and generate mechanical forces, and integrate mechanical information with genetic and chemical cues to shape organismal morphology, growth, and homeostasis. (nature.com)
To directly differentiate to pancreatic cells, use our pancreatic progenitor kit to generate functional PDX1 + /NKX6.1 + cells that can be matured into insulin-producing beta cells. (stemcell.com)
In a model put forth nearly ten years ago, the researchers proposed a radically different picture in which progenitor cells retain the potential to generate myeloid cells across all branches of development. (riken.jp)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) generate all of the blood cells throughout their life-span. (haematologica.org)
Basic fibroblast growth factor (Fgf2) is required for the generation of founder cells within the dorsal pseudostratified ventricular epithelium, which will generate the cerebral cortex, but the ganglionic eminences are not affected. (jneurosci.org)
The crypts generate a constant stream of new cells that differentiate and migrate upward into the villi. (wjgnet.com)

Li, L. and Jiang, J. (2011) Regulatory Factors of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration into Injured Tissues and Their Signal Transduction Mechanisms. (scirp.org)
The contributors describe how the first cell lineages arise in the mammalian embryo, stem cell dynamics during the development and homeostasis of specific tissues (e.g., epithelia and brain), and what happens when stem cell integrity is compromised (e.g., by DNA mutations). (cshlpress.com)
Unlike some other tissues, it has not been possible to identify or purify neural stem cells directly from the tissue. (elifesciences.org)
Scientists have identified and described stem cells specific to several tissues and organs of the body -- key master cells that give rise to the specialized cell types characteristic of that organ. (sciencedaily.com)
Over the last years, dentistry has been exploring the potential application of stem cells from different origins in the regeneration of oral tissues that were lost or damaged by disease or trauma 1 . (bvsalud.org)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)

Ando, W., Heard, B., Nakamura, N., Frank, C.B. and Hart, D.A. (2012) Ovine Synovial Membrane-Derived Mescenchymal Progenitor Cells Retain the Phenotype of the Original Tissue That Was Exposed to in Vivo Inflammation: Evidence for a Suppressed Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of the Cells. (scirp.org)
To corroborate these findings molecularly, we performed transcriptomic analyses and found significant upregulation of a distinct HSC gene expression signature in cells cultured with Delta1 in hypoxia (Fig. A). Collectively, these data show that hypoxia supports a superior ex vivo expansion of human HSCs with LTR activity compared with normoxia at optimized densities of Delta1. (confex.com)
Pre-GEPCOT cells could not form neurospheres but expressed the stem cell markers Slc1a3-CreER T , GFAP-CreER T2 , Sox2 CreERT2 , and Gli1 CreERT2 and were long-lived in vivo. (elifesciences.org)
This prediction has been confirmed by lineage tracing of SLC1A3+ cells and ex vivo studies. (cornell.edu)

In this study, we observed that the expression of pseudouridine (Ψ) synthase 10 is increased in aged hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and enforced protein of Ψ synthase 10 (PUS10) recapitulates the phenotype of aged HSC, which is not achieved by its Ψ synthase activity. (haematologica.org)
They found that islet1 -expressing cells are the progenitors of the venous ECs that constitute the majority of the HSPC niche (Figure 1A). (go.jp)
The team visualized endothelial differentiation step-by-step from the endoderm to the HSPC niche-constituting ECs via islet1+ endothelial progenitors by live imaging-based lineage tracing. (go.jp)
The present results clearly demonstrate that ECs originating from the endoderm via islet1 + endothelial progenitors play a specialized role in forming a functional vascular HSPC niche (Figure 1C). (go.jp)

Lineage Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Proliferative Induced Cardiac Progenitor Cells by Defined Factors. (mtsu.edu)
In addition, the authors consider the potential of stem-cell-based therapies in the clinic (e.g., for treating retinal diseases and skin disorders) and the innovations that are facilitating the development of those therapies, including various lineage reprogramming strategies and new biomaterials that modulate stem cell properties. (cshlpress.com)
A modified version of iPS methodology, called interrupted reprogramming, allows for a highly controlled, potentially safer, and more cost-effective strategy for generating progenitor-like cells from adult cells. (eurekalert.org)
This method involves genetically reprogramming skin cells taken from adult donors to an embryonic stem-cell-like state, growing these immature cells to large numbers, and then converting them into specialized cell types found in different parts of the body. (eurekalert.org)
Directly reprogramming fibroblasts into iNSCs facilitates the future translation towards exogenous autologous cell therapies. (cam.ac.uk)

This volume is therefore an indispensable reference for molecular, cell, and developmental biologists, as well as anyone wishing to explore the possibilities of stem cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. (cshlpress.com)
A major block in the critical path of regenerative medicine is the lack of suitable cells to restore function or repair damage," says co-senior author Tom Waddell, a thoracic surgeon at the University of Toronto. (eurekalert.org)
According to the authors, the approach could be used for a variety of regenerative medicine practices, including cell replacement therapy, disease modelling, and drug screening for human diseases. (eurekalert.org)

Effects of hematopoietic stem cell adhesion on marrow stromal cell cytokine p. (rochester.edu)
To test this hypothesis we propose (1) to establish the role of specific cell states during homeostatic and posttraumatic regeneration, (2) to determine the impact of epithelial damage on cancer susceptibility of epithelial states and (3) to identify and characterize epithelial and stromal cell lineage dynamics during early stages of TE malignant transformation. (cornell.edu)

Our results support a dynamic model of blood development in which HSCs convey lineage specification through independent production of distinct lineage-biased MPP subsets that, in turn, support lineage expansion and differentiation. (nih.gov)

Neural stem cells can also give rise to neural progenitor cells, which proliferate rapidly during their short lives and then 'differentiate' into neurons or glia. (elifesciences.org)
Since neurosphere-forming cells can self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia, the ability of cells to form neurospheres has generally been taken as evidence that they are stem cells. (elifesciences.org)

A research team in Japan has linked a developmental checkpoint in the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors into specific T cell lineages to the activity of a single gene encoding a transcription factor. (riken.jp)
The team published their findings in the journal Developmental Cell . (go.jp)
The findings will be of interest to developmental neurobiologists, but also more broadly to cell and developmental biologists. (elifesciences.org)
The identification of these progenitor cells will not only aid in our understanding of normal cell turnover in the stomach, but could potentially open some new and exciting doors in our investigation of the origins of gastric cancer," says Deborah Gumucio, Ph.D., a U-M developmental biologist and senior author of a study which appears online ahead of print in the journal Gastroenterology. (sciencedaily.com)
Before this work, we knew that stem cells existed in the stomach, but we had no way to precisely identify them," says Gumucio, who directs the U-M Center for Organogenesis and is a professor in the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology at the U-M Medical School. (sciencedaily.com)

1 The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. (nih.gov)
Cells in a transient state (CD24med CD49f+) form spheres in consecutive rounds of sphere dissociation regeneration and express KRT5. (cornell.edu)
The isolated cells may be considered stem cells, based on the current criteria for their characterization, such as plastic adherence, expression of certain markers, and the absence of others, as well as multi-differentiation potential, which showed to be promising for the application in tissue regeneration. (bvsalud.org)

Some neural progenitor stem cells persist in highly restricted regions in the adult vertebrate brain and continue to produce neurons throughout life. (wikipedia.org)
In the adult mammalian brain, the subgranular zone in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, the subventricular zone around the lateral ventricles, and the hypothalamus (precisely in the dorsal α1, α2 region and the "hypothalamic proliferative region", located in the adjacent median eminence) have been reported to contain neural stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
The most widely accepted model of an adult NSC is a radial, glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cell. (wikipedia.org)
Human adult mobilized CD34+ cells were cultured for 21 days under normoxia (21% O 2 ) or hypoxia (2% O 2 ) in vessels coated with optimized concentrations of Delta1. (confex.com)
We prospectively identified, and isolated by flow cytometry, adult mouse lateral ventricle subventricular zone (SVZ) NICs as Glast mid EGFR high PlexinB2 high CD24 −/low O4/PSA-NCAM −/low Ter119/CD45 − (GEPCOT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
Neurons that arise in the adult nervous system originate from neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells. (elifesciences.org)
A region of the brain called the subventricular zone contains both neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and is one of only two regions of the brain where neural stem cells are found in adult mammals. (elifesciences.org)
D: Coronal view showing the adult mouse subgranular zone (SGZ) and the newborn neurons (red) being integrated in the granular cell layer (gr). (wjgnet.com)

Additionally, we are performing biochemical characterization of this molecule to determine how it may affect cell adhesion and other cell functions. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Recently we have developed an experimental and analytical method, termed massively parallel single-cell RNA-Seq (MARS-Seq), for unbiased classification of individual cells from their native context and successfully applied it for characterization of immune and hematopoietic progenitors. (europa.eu)

Hypoxia lessened the cellular stress response in both progenitors and HSCs, but the mitigation was more apparent in the HSC population (Fig. C, grey plots), and decreased apoptosis was observed only within the HSC-enriched cluster 5 (Fig. D). These findings are consistent with several reports indicating that HSCs are more vulnerable to strong ER stress than downstream progenitors due to their lower protein folding capacity. (confex.com)
See More Use our definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation kit to obtain functional DE cells that are capable of downstream differentiation to hepatic, intestinal, pancreatic and pulmonary cells. (stemcell.com)

Based on their transcriptional profile, we identified changes in the proportions of progenitor compartments during aging, and differences in their functionality, as evidenced by gene set enrichment analysis. (cun.es)
Moreover, mice treated with WTC particulate matter developed an increased burden of mutations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell compartments. (nature.com)

Quiescent stem cells are Type B that are able to remain in the quiescent state due to the renewable tissue provided by the specific niches composed of blood vessels, astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and extracellular matrix present within the brain. (wikipedia.org)
They also serve as specialized vascular niches that provide instructive signals to tissue-specific stem cells or parenchymal cells for tissue formation and repair. (go.jp)
When the Club-iPL cells were administered to CFTR-deficient mice, the cells incorporated into tissue lining the respiratory tract and partially restored levels of CFTR in the lungs without inducing tumor formation. (eurekalert.org)
Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)
One of the greatest controversies triggered tissue, a stem cell encoding for heart tissue by the rapid pace of evolution in biology, will eventually develop into heart tissue particularly in genomics and biotechnology, and so on. (who.int)

Researchers identify the origin of endothelial cells that constitute the vascular niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in zebrafish. (go.jp)

The origins and basis for these fat deposits are largely unknown, but there is a possibility that the altered mechanical and biological environments lead to dysregulation of MSC/MPC and progression to preferential differentiation towards the adipocyte lineage. (scirp.org)
Therefore, we hypothesized that CRC cancer stem cell markers (CRCSC) will identify a group of patients at high risk for progression. (jcancer.org)

Such cells from different sources can proliferate and differentiate into different lineages (e.g. osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic) after suitable stimulation. (scirp.org)
Objective: To establish cultures of cells from the pulp of permanent teeth by the explant method assessing parameters usually presented by stem cells, such as the expression of certain markers and the differentiation ability into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. (bvsalud.org)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) occurs when a pluripotent stem cell undergoes malignant transformation and clonal myeloproliferation, leading to a striking overproduction of mature and immature granulocytes. (msdmanuals.com)

We find that all MPPs are produced in parallel by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but with different kinetics and at variable levels depending on hematopoietic demands. (nih.gov)
To clarify how hypoxia improved Notch-mediated expansion of LTR-HSCs, we performed scRNA-seq of CD34+ cells treated with Delta1 under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. (confex.com)
Long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) maintain hematopoietic output throughout an animal's lifespan. (biorxiv.org)
Here, we show that young and aged LT-HSCs respond differently to inflammatory stress, such that aged LT-HSCs produce a cell-intrinsic, myeloid-biased expression program. (biorxiv.org)
Using single-cell RNA-seq, we identify a myeloid-biased subset within the LT-HSC population (mLT-HSCs) that is much more common amongst aged LT-HSCs and is uniquely primed to respond to acute inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
Aged LT-HSCs demonstrate a cell-intrinsic myeloid bias during inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
In experiments with mouse HSCs cultured on immobilized delta-like 4 proteins, the researchers found that progenitors developing toward T cells were arrested in the absence of so-called feeder cells, which support survival and growth. (riken.jp)

Ly6C high MC exhibited activated neutrophil degranulation, lysosome, cytokine production/receptor interaction and myeloid cell activation pathways, and Ly6C low MC presented features of lymphocyte immunity pathways in both mice. (frontiersin.org)
In contrast, no change in pyramidal or granule cell number is detected in the hippocampus of Fgf2 −/− mice. (jneurosci.org)
In addition, the soma of the pyramidal cells in the frontal and parietal cortices are smaller in Fgf2 knock-out mice. (jneurosci.org)
Because Fgf2 −/− mice lacked 45% of cortical neurons at birth, the progenitor loss is compensated only in part during neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
Because the dorsal PVE was depleted of progenitors but the ganglionic eminences were not affected in Fgf2 −/− mice, we predicted that these mice should lack a population of pyramidal neurons, but their cortical GABA interneurons should have remained unchanged. (jneurosci.org)
Moreover, these cells showed potential as a cell replacement therapy in mice with cystic fibrosis. (eurekalert.org)
Now, a group of University of Michigan Medical School researchers has succeeded in finding and manipulating a population of cells that strongly resemble stem cells in the stomachs of mice. (sciencedaily.com)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
I also describe the development of a novel behavioural task that is predictive of mesDA neuron cell loss in mice. (lu.se)

The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
Aged hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) exhibit compromised reconstitution capacity and differentiation-bias towards myeloid lineage, however, the molecular mechanism behind it remains not fully understood. (haematologica.org)
Using computer assisted technology to map cell types and molecular cascades, researchers have discovered potential new treatment strategies for recurrent Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma. (neurosciencenews.com)

Genetic rearrangements and point mutations affecting the PDGFRA gene are somatic mutations, which are mutations acquired during a person's lifetime that are present only in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
When the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene mutation or point mutations in the PDGFRA gene occur in blood cell precursors, the growth of eosinophils (and occasionally other blood cells, such as neutrophils and mast cells) is poorly controlled, leading to PDGFRA -associated chronic eosinophilic leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition, since the stem cells are the longest-lived of the gastric cells, it is thought that these are the only cells that live long enough to accumulate the multiple mutations that can cause cancers. (sciencedaily.com)
Now, for the first time, we have the experimental tools to ask important questions, like, 'Does stomach cancer really arise from mutations in this progenitor cell population? (sciencedaily.com)

Above the stem cell zone is the lineage-committed progenitor cells, also known as the transit amplifying zone, divided to fuel the rapid epithelial cell turnover. (wjgnet.com)
Transient transfection of intracellular Notch1 (Notch1-IC) into a pre-B cell line resulted in the down-regulation of EBF-regulated promoters and diminished the capacity of EBF to activate these promoters in an epithelial cell line. (lu.se)

These islet1 -expressing cells surprisingly originate not from the mesoderm, the germ layer classically defined to give rise to ECs, but from the endoderm. (go.jp)
C) We have identified that islet1 + endothelial progenitors originate from endoderm and finally differentiate into posterior venous ECs in a process dependent on Bmp-Smad signaling, requiring Npas4l-Etsrp function. (go.jp)
Mature epithelial cells originate from the crypt and move up toward the villus tip. (wjgnet.com)

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines recent progress in our understanding of stem cell biology and how the properties of stem cells can be manipulated for therapeutic purposes, emphasizing the roles that cutting-edge technologies and interdisciplinary approaches have played in this work. (cshlpress.com)

Studies on Piezo1 have largely focused on transduction of "outside-in" mechanical forces, and its response to internal, cell-generated forces remains poorly understood. (nature.com)

The telomerase-expressing somatic cells observed in this study are not thought to be immortal, and expression was not correlated with cell cycle distribution or differentiation state. (nih.gov)
The somatic mutation occurs initially in a single cell, which continues to grow and divide, producing a group of cells with the same mutation (a clonal population). (medlineplus.gov)
This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

In contrast, pre-GEPCOT cells were quiescent, expressed higher Glast, and lower EGFR and PlexinB2. (elifesciences.org)
Neural stem cells have long lives, much of which they spend in a quiescent state. (elifesciences.org)
term pre-GEPCOT cells (based on an acronym of the markers used to isolate the cells), were long-lived and quiescent, but they lacked the ability to form colonies in culture. (elifesciences.org)
We were amazed to see that though these cells are normally very quiescent, that is, they don't divide, inflammatory signaling proteins such as interferon gamma provide a potent stimulus for multiplication of these cells. (sciencedaily.com)

Gimble, J.M., Bunnell, B.A. and Guilak, F. (2012) Human Adipose-Derived Cells: An Update on the Transition to Clinical Translation. (scirp.org)
We previously reported that Piezo1 activation is a key mediator of mechanosensitive lineage choice in human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNSPCs), and that activation of Piezo1 in this system required cell-generated traction forces 7 . (nature.com)
Given their plasticity and regenerative abilities, stem cells provide opportunities for treating human diseases such as diabetes. (cshlpress.com)
Human MC were initially divided into three subsets based on the cell surface expression of CD14 and CD16, and recently classified based on CD40 expression ( 2 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
During human forebrain development, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the ventricular zone (VZ) undergo asymmetric cell divisions to produce a self-renewed progenitor cell, maintaining the potential to go through additional rounds of cell divisions, and differentiating daughter cells, populating the developing cortex. (elifesciences.org)
Using a novel, recombination-induced tag exchange-based genetic tool to birthdate and track the segregation of centrosomes over multiple cell divisions in human embryonic stem cell-derived regionalised forebrain organoids, we show the preferential inheritance of the older mother centrosome towards self-renewed NPCs. (elifesciences.org)
The fundamental work that shows the preferential inheritance of the older centrosomes by the self-renewing daughter cells in human is supported by strong evidence. (elifesciences.org)
During human brain development, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo two modes of cell division. (elifesciences.org)
For their own part, the researchers plan to test this approach with other cell types, including human cells. (eurekalert.org)
In this study, we targeted Olig2, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that plays an important role in motoneuron and oligodendrocyte development, in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line BG01 by homologous recombination. (ca.gov)
Although possible, these strategies are often complicated to transfer to human cells due to technical issues (9 ), and only a few successful cases have been described ( 10, 11 ). (lu.se)
Here we describe how this system can be used for human embry- onic stem cells. (lu.se)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)

Previous work in the embryonic rodent brain suggested that the preferential inheritance of the pre-existing (older) centrosome to the self-renewed progenitor cell is required to maintain stem cell properties, ensuring proper neurogenesis. (elifesciences.org)

We assayed telomerase activity in single cells of the hematopoietic and immune systems. (nih.gov)
The many distinct sorts of mature blood cells, like red blood cells for carrying oxygen, white blood cells for immune protection and platelets for wound clotting. (medgadget.com)

They have been able to show that these cells, which they call "gastric progenitor cells," can give rise to all the different types (or lineages) of specialized cells needed to form the functional stomach glands that line the lower portion of the stomach. (sciencedaily.com)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) give rise to all types of blood lineages, including red blood cells (RBC). (lu.se)
Thus, it appears that Fgf2 is necessary for establishing the appropriate number of founder cells within the dorsal PVE, which will then give rise to cells of the cerebral cortex. (jneurosci.org)
transit amplyfing progenitors (TAP) or type C cells (green) express the achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASCL1) transcription factor and give rise to type A cells (red) that migrate through the rostral migratory stream (rms). (wjgnet.com)
The researchers showed that the resulting Club-iPL cells could give rise to not only Club cells, but also to other respiratory tract cells such as mucus-secreting goblet cells and ciliated epithelial cells that produce the CFTR protein, which is mutated in patients with cystic fibrosis. (eurekalert.org)
A Monocle cell-lineage trajectory prediction analysis of our single-cell transcriptomic data identified a population of SLC1A3+ stem/progenitor cells that give rise to both secretory and ciliated cells by progressing through transient intermediates, including aKRT5+ cell population. (cornell.edu)

Many chapters illustrate how single-cell profiling, stem-cell-derived organoids, intravital microscopy, lineage tracing, quantitative modeling, and other modern approaches have offered important insights. (cshlpress.com)

Anatomy67

Organisms18

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment45

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Multipotent progenitors2

Embryonic stem7

Heterogeneity7

Populations10

Lymphoid5

Hematopoiesis9

Pluripotent stem5

Transplantation13

Proliferation11

HSPCs5

Self-renewal9

Hematopoietic progenitor1

Neuronal5

Fate6

Mesenchymal Stem3

Bone marrow7

Neural stem3

Vitro4

Generate8

Tissues6

Vivo4

HSPC4

Reprogramming5

Regenerative Medicine3

Stromal Cell2

Specification1

Differentiate into neurons2

Developmental5

REGENERATION3

Adult8

Characterization2

Downstream2

Compartments2

Tissue5

Endothelial cells1

Progression2

Osteogenic2

Malignant transformation1

HSCs7

Mice9

Molecular3

Mutations4

Epithelial cell2

Originate3

Biology1

Remains poorly understood1

Somatic3

Quiescent4

Human17

Preferential1

Immune2

Functional1

Give rise5

Organoids1