SkeletalKnockout miceDifferentiationRegulatoryMyofiberMyoDQuiescentProliferationRegenerationRegenerativeMyonucleiProteinVitroDependentStem CellsActivateTissuesHypertrophyVascularFoundTypesAdditionEssentialPopulationPAX3MyogenesisDepletionQuiescent satellite cellsRegulateSpecificationMSCsRegulatorsExpressionLimbTumorProminentHumanMuscle growthHighestStudies
Skeletal7
- Postnatal growth and repair of skeletal muscle relies upon a population of quiescent muscle precursor cells, called satellite cells that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate into new myofibers, as well as self-renew to replenish the satellite cell population. (biomedcentral.com)
- The function of MyoD in development is to commit mesoderm cells to a skeletal myoblast lineage, and then to regulate that continued state. (wikipedia.org)
- The delayed growth of LBW piglets is mainly due to a slower development of skeletal muscle as the myogenic activity is usually impaired in these animals during the fetal and early postnatal period 3 , 4 . (nature.com)
- Therefore, we complemented our investigations into the cellular development of the skeletal muscle of neonatal piglets with in vitro studies using a primary porcine myogenic cell culture model with Gln supplementation. (nature.com)
- There are a number of factors that initiate myofiber remodeling in adult skeletal muscles. (arvojournals.org)
- Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the reciprocal interaction between many types of cells. (bvsalud.org)
- Importantly, in aged skeletal muscle where miR-501 was significantly downregulated and its target Esrrg significantly upregulated, the number of myog+/CD74+ cells during regeneration was upregulated to similar levels as observed in 501 knockout mice. (bvsalud.org)
Knockout mice1
- RESULTS: Single cell sequencing revealed myogenic progenitor cells in miR-501 knockout mice at day 6 after muscle injury that are characterized by high levels of myogenin and CD74. (bvsalud.org)
Differentiation7
- The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is expressed in Pax7 + satellite cells of healthy muscle and is downregulated during myoblast differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Persistent expression of C/EBPβ upregulates Pax7, inhibits MyoD, and blocks myogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
- CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate cellular growth and differentiation, metabolism, and inflammation [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- When overexpressed in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 or in primary myoblasts, C/EBPβ reduced MyoD and other myogenic protein levels during differentiation, in addition to reducing myoblast fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
- These bHLH (basic helix loop helix) transcription factors act sequentially in myogenic differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
- high MyoD expression represses cell renewal, promotes terminal differentiation and can induce apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Using synchronized cultures of C2C12 myoblasts to model these divergent programs, we show that p8 (also known as Nupr1 ), a G1-induced gene, negatively regulates the cell cycle and promotes myogenic differentiation. (biologists.com)
Regulatory3
- MyoD, which was discovered in the laboratory of Harold M. Weintraub, belongs to a family of proteins known as myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). (wikipedia.org)
- Cell culture experiments indicated that Gln could promote cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner, but expression of myogenesis regulatory genes was not altered. (nature.com)
- Overall, Gln supplementation stimulated cell proliferation in muscle tissue and in vitro in myogenic cell culture, whereas muscle growth regulatory genes were barely altered. (nature.com)
Myofiber1
- Understanding the effects of strabismus surgery on muscle cell biological reactions and myofiber remodeling may suggest new approaches for improving surgical outcomes. (arvojournals.org)
MyoD12
- MyoD is one of the earliest markers of myogenic commitment. (wikipedia.org)
- MyoD is expressed at extremely low and essentially undetectable levels in quiescent satellite cells, but expression of MyoD is activated in response to exercise or muscle tissue damage. (wikipedia.org)
- MyoD was cloned by a functional assay for muscle formation reported in Cell in 1987 by Davis, Weintraub, and Lassar. (wikipedia.org)
- The researchers expressed the complementary DNA (cDNA) of the murine MyoD protein in a different cell lines (fibroblast and adipoblast) and found MyoD converted them to myogenic cells. (wikipedia.org)
- One of the main actions of MyoD is to remove cells from the cell cycle (halt proliferation for terminal cell cycle arrest in differentiated myocytes) by enhancing the transcription of p21 and myogenin. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus MyoD enhances its own activity in the cell in a feedforward manner. (wikipedia.org)
- MyoD is a transcription factor and can also direct chromatin remodelling through binding to a DNA motif known as the E-box. (wikipedia.org)
- KAP1 is localized at muscle-related genes in myoblasts along with both MyoD and Mef2 (a myocyte transcription enhancer factor). (wikipedia.org)
- When the kinase MSK1 phosphorylates KAP1, the corepressors previously bound to the scaffold are released allowing MyoD and Mef2 to activate transcription. (wikipedia.org)
- Once the "master controller" MyoD has become active, SETDB1 is required to maintain MyoD expression within the cell. (wikipedia.org)
- MyoD has also been shown to function cooperatively with the tumor suppressor gene, Retinoblastoma (pRb) to cause cell cycle arrest in the terminally differentiated myoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
- In the resected muscle and in the passively stretched antagonist muscle, there was a dramatic increase in the number of myofibers positive for neonatal MyHC and in the number of BrdU- and MyoD-positive satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
Quiescent1
- 10 Even more compelling is a recent study that subjected individual quiescent satellite cells isolated from adult limb muscle to stretching in vitro, and showed that direct stretching of the satellite cells themselves results in activation and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. (arvojournals.org)
Proliferation3
- Proliferating, BrdU-positive cells in muscle sections were detected with immunohistochemistry indicating different cell types and decreasing proliferation with age. (nature.com)
- 6 These manipulations result in satellite cell activation and proliferation, which in turn are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration. (arvojournals.org)
- WAT is characterised by its capacity to adapt and expand in response to surplus energy through processes of adipocyte hypertrophy and/or recruitment and proliferation of precursor cells in combination with vascular and extracellular matrix remodelling. (springer.com)
Regeneration9
- Using genetic tools to conditionally abrogate C/EBPβ expression in Pax7 + cells, we examined the role of C/EBPβ in self-renewal of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
- After a single muscle injury, C/EBPβ-deficient satellite cells fail to self-renew resulting in a reduction of satellite cells available for future rounds of regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
- These findings demonstrate that C/EBPβ is a novel regulator of satellite cell self-renewal during muscle regeneration acting at least in part through Notch2. (biomedcentral.com)
- 1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
- Callus is a reprogrammed cell mass involved in plant regeneration and gene transformation in crop engineering. (bvsalud.org)
- Pluripotent callus cells develop into fertile shoots through shoot regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
- Notably, chlorenchyma cells, enriched in photosynthesis-related processes, play a crucial role in promoting shoot primordia formation and subsequent shoot regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
- Light is shown to promote shoot regeneration by inducing chlorenchyma cell development and coordinating sugar signaling. (bvsalud.org)
- Muscle regeneration was induced using intramuscular cardiotoxin injection or treadmill exercise and analysed using single cell and bulk RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. (bvsalud.org)
Regenerative2
- How adult muscle stem cells contribute to this decrease in regenerative capacity is incompletely understood. (bvsalud.org)
- Adult regenerative myogenesis is dependent on progenitor cells. (biologists.com)
Myonuclei1
- Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)
Protein1
- To further define which neurons express Eph, antibodies were generated to the cytoplasmic portion of the Eph protein. (sdbonline.org)
Vitro1
- In vitro analysis was performed in primary muscle cells obtained from mice and humans. (bvsalud.org)
Dependent1
- In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Stem Cells1
- Jyotsna Dhawan ABSTRACT Adult stem cells persist in mammalian tissues by entering a state of reversible quiescence, referred to as G 0 , which is associated with low levels of transcription. (biologists.com)
Activate1
- 7 8 9 In fact, passive stretching alone can activate limb muscle satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
Tissues1
- Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Hypertrophy1
- Irradiation treatment, which eliminates satellite cells from these muscles, prevents the compensatory hypertrophy in these types of experiments. (arvojournals.org)
Vascular1
- The findings reveal the presence of highly heterogeneous cell populations within the callus, including epidermis, vascular tissue, shoot primordia, inner callus, and outgrowth shoots. (bvsalud.org)
Found1
- In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. (bvsalud.org)
Types1
- Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Addition1
- In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Essential1
- By characterizing the spatially resolved molecular features of shoot primordia and surrounding cells, specific factors essential for shoot primordia formation are identified. (bvsalud.org)
Population1
- 3 When a muscle is injured, this specialized cell population becomes activated, divides, and either repairs damaged fibers or forms new myofibers. (arvojournals.org)
PAX32
- 10. Expression patterns of FSHD-causing DUX4 and myogenic transcription factors PAX3 and PAX7 are spatially distinct in differentiating human stem cell cultures. (nih.gov)
- PAX3 SMAD6 BMP signaling Hox Myogenic progenitor cell Myogenesis Muscle fiber Embryonic muscle Fetal muscle Limb muscle Patterning Mouse Association Française contre les Myopathies http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100013465 20313 22234 19507 21357 Agence. (silverchair.com)
Myogenesis4
- 20. Myogenic regulatory factors: The orchestrators of myogenesis after 30 years of discovery. (nih.gov)
- Cell culture experiments indicated that Gln could promote cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner, but expression of myogenesis regulatory genes was not altered. (nature.com)
- Pax7 Six1 Six4 Homing Stem cells Myogenesis Muscle development in mouse takes place from embryonic day (E) 8. (silverchair.com)
- Deletion of Myh3 during embryonic myogenesis leads to the depletion of the myogenic progenitor cell pool and an increase in the myoblast pool, whereas fetal myogenesis -specific deletion of Myh3 causes the depletion of both myogenic progenitor. (silverchair.com)
Depletion1
- Recent in vitro studies suggest that CAPN3 deficiency leads initially to accelerated myofiber formation followed by depletion of satellite cells (SC). (nih.gov)
Quiescent satellite cells1
- The quiescent satellite cells were activated in response to damage or exercise and proliferated as myoblasts, which further differentiated and fused to repair or form the muscle fibers [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Regulate1
- JARID2 is a non-catalytic member of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which is known to regulate developmental target genes in embryonic stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Specification1
- 6. Myogenic progenitor specification from pluripotent stem cells. (nih.gov)
MSCs2
- 13. Biomaterials that promote cell-cell interactions enhance the paracrine function of MSCs. (nih.gov)
- In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. (bvsalud.org)
Regulators1
- Recent advances in adipogenesis had provided insights into understanding of the complex cues for influencing the cytoarchitecture, epigenomic remodeling, signaling pathways and transcription regulators on gene actions for both white and brown adipogenic progression from mesenchymal stem cells to matured committed adipocytes. (scirp.org)
Expression4
- We examined the histopathological stages, Pax7 SC content, and muscle-specific microRNA expression in biopsy specimens from well-characterized LGMD 2A patients to gain insight into disease pathogenesis. (nih.gov)
- This leads to disassembly of the destruction complex releasing free β-catenin in the cytoplasm, which later translocates to the nucleus and activates gene expression in concert with the T cell factor (TCF) and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (LEF) families of transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
- We demonstrated that MCs can be loaded into shed microvesicles with greater efficiency than their parental plasmid counterparts and that microvesicle-mediated MC delivery led to significantly higher and more prolonged transgene expression in recipient cells than microvesicles loaded with the parental plasmid. (regenerativemedicine.net)
- Microvesicles loaded with MCs encoding a thymidine kinase (TK)/nitroreductase (NTR) fusion protein produced prolonged TK-NTR expression in mammary carcinoma cells. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Limb2
- Dermal myeloid cells were GAG+, EPYC+, INMT+, LEF1+ and SALL4+ and seemed to migrate from the unamputated regions of the tadpole limb to the blastema. (bvsalud.org)
- On the other hand, the myeloid cells of the froglet limb blastemas were few and probably contributed to sustained inflammation resulting in healing. (bvsalud.org)
Tumor3
- In vivo delivery of TK-NTR and administration of prodrugs led to the effective killing of both targeted cells and surrounding tumor cells via TK-NTR-mediated conversion of co-delivered prodrugs into active cytotoxic agents. (regenerativemedicine.net)
- In vivo evaluation of the bystander effect in mouse models demonstrated that for effective therapy, at least 1% of tumor cells need to be delivered with TK-NTR-encoding MCs. (regenerativemedicine.net)
- These results suggest that MC delivery via microvesicles can mediate gene transfer to an extent that enables effective prodrug conversion and tumor cell death such that it comprises a promising approach to cancer therapy. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Prominent1
- SIPS-induced myoblasts exhibit large flattened cells and prominent intermediate filaments (senescent-like morphology). (hindawi.com)
Human1
- The burgeoning preclinical and clinical experience with human adult adipose-derived cells appears to be promising but interpretation of the current literature with in vitro studies, translational research and FDA-registered investigations emphasizes the need for standardized methods to advance basic science knowledge and beneficial safe clinical outcomes. (scirp.org)
Muscle growth1
- 19. BMP signaling regulates satellite cell-dependent postnatal muscle growth. (nih.gov)
Highest1
- Pax7-positive SCs were highest in the fibrotic group and correlated with down-regulation of miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-206. (nih.gov)
Studies1
- Since the specialty of Plastic Surgery with its position statement on stem cells and fat grafting is committed to advancing evidence-base preclinical and clinical studies in compliance with FDA-regulations, an updated review of cell biology provides insights to achieve these goals. (scirp.org)