Progenitor cells asymmetric division. Medical search. Frequent questions

Production of these progenitors does not come without a cost: When grown under laboratory conditions that induce proliferation, HSCs lose their ability to divide and produce new progenitors. (wikipedia.org)
After a while, symmetric proliferation decreases and RGPs switch to an asymmetric division mode that generates neurons. (ista.ac.at)
Mechanistically, EBF2 uniformly activates Pparγ-expression in pancreatic cancer cells and limits cell proliferation, whereas oncogenic drivers are expressed differentially in the progenitor cell subsets. (amegroups.org)
The complex PDAC pathobiology is established predominantly through KRAS mutations and the associated cellular signaling that contributes to cell proliferation and dedifferentiation ( 5 , 6 ). (amegroups.org)
Human bmMSCs were described in the late nineties as well [ 6 ] and at the same time a breakthrough study investigated the expression of typical cell surface markers and the proliferation and differentiation properties of human MSCs in more detail [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
These cells are the original precursors of various cells in a tumor, whereas other intratumoral cells are limited in terms of their potential for proliferation and pluripotent differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
During embryonic development, coordination takes place between the proliferation of progenitor stem cells responsible for the organ's growth and its differentiation into neurons. (sciencemission.com)
Eph/ephrin signaling is a cell-to-cell communication pathway, which regulates cell migration and proliferation. (5dok.org)
Trophic factors modulate the local immune system, enhance angiogenesis, prevent cell apoptosis, and stimulate the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of resident tissue stem cells. (the-dna-universe.com)
Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
fluid apparently regulates the microenvironment of hematopoietic stem cells, where Igf signaling regulates progenitor proliferation (Orkin and Zon, 2008 and Zhang and Lodish, 2004). (inhibitorkits.com)
These results reveal that the severity of (refs 3 4 5 Several of these genes are associated with centrosome and/or mitotic function suggesting that errors in neural progenitor cell proliferation contribute to disease pathology. (biotech-angels.com)
Jobs for NDE1 and NDEL1 in mitosis have already been borne out by evaluation of non-neuronal cells and (refs 4 5 This observation shows that NDE1 may be involved in several facet of neural progenitor proliferation. (biotech-angels.com)

Cell fate decisions within these hierarchical brain cell lineages are tightly controlled and irreversible: e.g. cells in the state of differentiation will not turn into progenitor cells or stem cells. (stanford.edu)
This is especially true for malignant glioma cells, which simultaneously express markers of different lineages and states exhibiting incomplete differentiation. (stanford.edu)
Lgl1 controls NG2 endocytic pathway to regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation and asymmetric cell division and gliomagenesis. (escholarship.org)
Lgl1 conditional knockout OPC progeny retain NG2 and show reduced OL differentiation, while undergoing more symmetric self-renewing divisions at the expense of asymmetric divisions. (escholarship.org)
These data establish Lgl1 as a suppressor of gliomagenesis and positive regulator of asymmetric division and differentiation in the healthy and demyelinated murine brain. (escholarship.org)
This includes gene, protein and metabolic networks, cellular architecture and intracellular dynamics, cell communication and motility, cell division and differentiation, tissue formation and organogenesis, tissue and organ functions, changes in population characteristics as a consequence of interaction of organisms with their physical environment, with individuals of their own species, and with organisms of other species. (nih.gov)
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are undifferentiated neural cells with the capacity for long-term self-renewal and for differentiation into all types of neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
Ganglion cells, cone photoreceptors, horizontal cells and amacrine cells were produced and initiated differentiation. (biologists.com)
Here we show that cell differentiation suppresses tumor formation. (amegroups.org)
Cells were transfected with the early B-cell factor-2 (EBF2) to activate progenitor cell differentiation and gauged the tumorigenic potentials of the derived cell subsets. (amegroups.org)
Here we show that the brown adipose differentiation gene, EBF2, activates differentiation-associated signals in the cancer progenitor cells in culture and CSC transplantation models. (amegroups.org)
This study reveals a previously unrecognized function of EBF2 in regulating PDAC progenitor cell differentiation and tumor suppression. (amegroups.org)
They display differentiation capacities and therefore qualify as multipotent progenitor cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Overview on self-renewal or differentiation of stem cells in their respective stem cell niche. (hindawi.com)
In contrast with this model, this study shows that genetic ablation of the PSC does not cause an increase in blood cell differentiation or a loss of blood cell progenitors. (sdbonline.org)
Further, premature blood cell differentiation when PSC specification or signaling was impaired, led to assigning the PSC a role equivalent to the vertebrate hematopoietic niche. (sdbonline.org)
The PSC contributes to lymph gland homeostasis by regulating blood cell differentiation, rather than by maintaining core progenitors. (sdbonline.org)
In addition, normal adult stem cells (ASCs) self-renew, proliferate infinitely, have a multidirectional differentiation potential, similar to that of tumor cells, and can transform more easily into tumor stem cells than non-stem cells [ 20 , 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A new study has elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the balance between the differentiation of neurons and the maintenance of progenitor cells during the construction of the embryonic brain. (sciencemission.com)
Different mechanisms could explain the origin and heterogeneity of CSC such as (i) differentiation arrest (stem cells), (ii) dedifferentiation (mature cells) and (iii) transdifferentiation (bone marrow stem cells). (grantome.com)
At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)
cells displaying that the need for for rays response was from the cell routine phase during irradiation rather than towards the differentiation condition. (academicediting.org)
Introduction During advancement of the mammalian human brain neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPC) proliferate go through differentiation and migrate within a specifically coordinated way before they become older cell types in the central anxious program. (academicediting.org)
Embryonic stem cells, formed in the blastocyst and, have not undergone any stage of differentiation yet. (the-dna-universe.com)
Image 4: Depiction of embryonic stem cell differentiation. (the-dna-universe.com)
whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
I joined the Tapon lab for my postdoc, aiming to study how cell differentiation impacts the structure and function of the somatosensory system, using my beloved Drosophila as an in vivo model. (biologists.com)
While analysing the cellular dynamics underlying the differentiation of the four lineage-related cell types that make up each bristle within the epidermis, I identified the epidermal F-Cell as a novel cell type in the assembly of the mature tactile organ. (biologists.com)
Through temporal volume electron microscopy (vEM) and light microscopy during the terminal differentiation of the epidermis, we established that the F-Cell is the only epidermal cell that changes shape to wrap around the tactile bristle. (biologists.com)
Morphological differentiation of the F-Cell. (biologists.com)
We have over-expressed SKI to define its intrinsic role in hematopoiesis and myeloid neoplasms, which resulted in a robust competitive advantage upon transplantation, a complete dominance of the stem and progenitor compartments, and a marked enhancement of myeloid differentiation at the expense of other lineages. (edu.au)
Accordingly, enforced expression of SKI induced a gene signature associated with hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid differentiation, as well as hepatocyte growth factor signaling. (edu.au)
Eosinophilic differentiation occurs in the bone marrow from myeloid progenitors through the actions of GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-5. (medscape.com)

We discuss some of the molecules that specify neuronal and glial cell fates and how they are regulated. (mhmedical.com)
The basic mechanisms of neurogenesis endow cells with common neuronal properties, features that are largely independent of the region of the nervous system in which they are generated or the specific functions they perform. (mhmedical.com)
Neural progenitors are precursor cells able to further differentiate into various neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
In the Drosophila central nervous system (CNS) glial cells are known to be generated from glioblasts, which produce exclusively glia or neuroglioblasts that bifurcate to produce both neuronal and glial sublineages. (biologists.com)
It is predicted that MCPH gene mutations may lead to the disease phenotype due to a disturbed mitotic spindle orientation, premature chromosomal condensation, signalling response as a result of damaged DNA, microtubule dynamics, transcriptional control or a few other hidden centrosomal mechanisms that can regulate the number of neurons produced by neuronal precursor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
For instance, neural stem cells can only differentiate into glial and neuronal cells. (the-dna-universe.com)
Additionally, elucidation of cell morphologic features using in utero electroporation (IUE) revealed substantial but incomplete interruption of basal fibers, a finding that implies interference with neuronal migration. (eneuro.org)
It has been reported that loss of Lkb1 allele impairs corticofugal axon extension in telencephalic neuronal progenitors, resulting in cortical thinning and agenesis of the corpus callosum in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
We seek to understand the mechanisms and molecular signals that allow progenitors and young neurons to locate themselves in space and to orient themselves correctly during the processes of migration and formation of neuronal circuits. (inmg.fr)

Previous work in the embryonic rodent brain suggested that the preferential inheritance of the pre-existing (older) centrosome to the self-renewed progenitor cell is required to maintain stem cell properties, ensuring proper neurogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
Using a novel, recombination-induced tag exchange-based genetic tool to birthdate and track the segregation of centrosomes over multiple cell divisions in human embryonic stem cell-derived regionalised forebrain organoids, we show the preferential inheritance of the older mother centrosome towards self-renewed NPCs. (elifesciences.org)
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CM) are being investigated as a new source of cardiac cells for drug safety assessment. (bioinf.org)
Our 'Developing news' posts celebrate the various achievements of the people in the developmental and stem cell biology community. (biologists.com)
Immunofluorescent staining of PAX6 ( 12323-1-AP , 1:250 dilution) with 4% PFA fixed control human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived NPCs. (sanbio.nl)
The MADM technique provides an unprecedented approach that allows the researchers to quantitatively look at the cell division patterns of stem cell progenitors and trace the precise lineage of individual RGPs. (ista.ac.at)
In future studies, it will be interesting to quantitatively assess the stem cell behavior and unit size of RGPs in different species and determine their relationship to neocortical expansion in the course of evolution. (ista.ac.at)
Overview of studies published regarding MSCs using the term "stem cell" or "stromal cell" in the last 20 years accessed by a web search in July 2015 (Google Scholar). (hindawi.com)
It seems that the term "stem cell" became more popular although the "stemness" was only shown in a more strict sense for MSCs involved in osteogenesis and bone repair. (hindawi.com)
When the biological properties of MSCs were explored in more detail, questions arose whether these cells met the criterion of a true stem cell [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
To qualify as a stem cell, these cells must be able to self-renew, most likely by symmetric cell division to produce two daughter cells with the same stem cell qualities. (hindawi.com)
MSCs were also investigated for stem cell qualities in vivo. (hindawi.com)
Stem cell division is usually asymmetric with the formation of an identical daughter stem cell and committed progenitor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Occasional symmetric division produces either 2 daughter cells with stem cell loss, or 2 stem cells and eventual clone dominance. (ox.ac.uk)
Studies are beginning to identify the complex molecular, genetic and cellular pathways underlying stem cell function such as Wnt signalling, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Notch/Delta pathways. (ox.ac.uk)
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stem cell niches are responsible for life-long renewal of most epithelial surfaces throughout the body. (nebraska.edu)
To date little is known about these somatic stem cell niches or their contribution to pancreatic epithelial regeneration and cancer. (nebraska.edu)
Our laboratory has recently discovered a novel epithelial stem cell compartment, Pancreatic Duct Glands (PDG). (nebraska.edu)
These glands uniquely express Shh and TFF2 as well as other developmental genes known to reside in progenitor stem cell niches. (nebraska.edu)
SA1] The experiments proposed in this aim will determine the role of PDG as an epithelial progenitor stem cell niche responsible for epithelial renewal and regeneration. (nebraska.edu)
In order to better characterize this two stem cell population we propose a developmental sub-aim to evaluate the transcriptome by mRNA-Seq from minimal (10-cell) samples in order to identify unique markers for these cells, as well as understand key pathways that regulate this compartment during regeneration and inflammatory metaplasia. (nebraska.edu)
He is Professional Membership of the International Society for Stem Cell Research, American Society for Cell Biology and American Academy of Arts and Sciences, etc. (idival.org)
Dr. Alvarez-Buylla has an international reputation for his work in developmental neuroscience and stem-cell neurobiology research. (idival.org)
We speculate that precancerous stem cells (pCSCs) arise during the evolution of carcinomas based on long-term experimental findings, published literature, and the cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, wherein pCSCs exist in precancerous lesions and have characteristics of both CSCs and normal stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, investigations on testing and maintaining the integrity of genomic DNA within precancerous stem cells (pCSCs), which are within the framework of the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis, are necessary. (biomedcentral.com)
According to the hypothesis, only a small group of stem cell-like tumor cells can form new tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
This allows retaining the stem cell reservoir over time. (sciencemission.com)
On the cover: Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuroepithelial-like stem cells stained for actin (green) and DNA (blue). (5dok.org)
We used conjugated polymers to develop a novel neural stem cell culture substrate with anchored growth factors to promote cell self-renewal. (5dok.org)
Although a variety of different stem cell markers have been used to isolate and characterize CSC from HCC, none of them seemed to be specific for liver malignancies and none of the isolated fractions showed uniform properties. (grantome.com)
Given that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role both in stem cell and cancer development, we chose epigenic modulation as an additional tool to narrow down the heterogeneity of SP-fraction. (grantome.com)
Some adult stem cell niches have already been described, but the majority of them remain unclear, including the dental pulp stem cell niches. (bvsalud.org)
Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Stem cell niche. (bvsalud.org)
However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)
Due to his refusal of surgical treatment, his physician suggested stem cell therapy. (the-dna-universe.com)
Let's first rewind a little bit to the origins of stem cell research and stem cell therapy. (the-dna-universe.com)
In 1958 the French oncologist, Georges Mathé, performed the first stem cell transplantation of bone marrow grafts to save six nuclear researchers who were accidentally exposed to radiation. (the-dna-universe.com)
Retention of labeled DNA strands may be attributed to the ability of stem cells to retain the parental DNA strand during asymmetric cell division ( Cairns, 1975 ) or to quiescence of the stem cell population such that the DNA label is not diluted by frequent cell divisions ( Klein and Simons, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Myotonic Dystrophy type 1) and acquired myopathies (e.g., prematurity) on muscle stem cell function, and 4) investigating new therapeutic avenues targeting defective muscle stem cells in various muscular dystrophies. (chusj.org)
He did his post-doctoral training at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute in Dr. Michael Rudnicki's lab, where he studied muscle stem cell defects in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. (chusj.org)
His research program aims to determine how muscle stem cell function is affected in different muscular disorders with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic avenues. (chusj.org)
Dumont holds a FRQS Junior-2 award, and his lab is funded by grants from the CIHR, NSERC, ThéCell network, Stem Cell Network, AFM-Telethon, Muscular Dystrophy Canada, and others. (chusj.org)
2022: Winner of the Cell I See contest of the Stem Cell Network and "le savoir par l'image" contest of CERMO-FC. (chusj.org)
Collectively our results demonstrate that SKI is an important regulator of hematopoietic stem cell activity and its overexpression leads to myeloproliferative disease. (edu.au)
those of cell reprogramming, thereby avoiding exhaustive trial- energy landscape, deterministic models, and-error simulations with rate equations for different stem cell commitment, reprogramming parameter sets. (lu.se)
We explore the method on three circuits for haematopoiesis and embryonic stem cell development for commitment and reprogramming scenarios and illustrate how the method can be used to determine sequential steps for onsets of external factors, essential for efficient reprogramming. (lu.se)

Despite this impressive potential, HSCs have limited potential to produce more multipotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus is a highly regulated process that originates from multipotent progenitors in the subgranular zone (SGZ). (jneurosci.org)
Unlike embryonic stem cells, they are multipotent, meaning they can only differentiate into specific cell types. (the-dna-universe.com)
These are multipotent cells endowed with high migratory potential, that contribute to many tissues in the body. (inmg.fr)

In particular, we are exploring how signaling receptors are trafficked in dividing cells to generate asymmetric induction of a cardiac progenitor lineage. (biologists.com)
NPCs can additionally be obtained by direct reprogramming of somatic cells from different cell lineage (PMID: 22445518). (sanbio.nl)
The generation of the embryonic CNS is a lineage-based process in which neural progenitors, called neuroblasts (NBs), give rise to largely invariant lineages of neural/glial cells. (biologists.com)
Cell lineage analysis techniques have been used to analyse most of the embryonic NB lineages at the histological level. (biologists.com)
We propose to use a fate mapping, in vivo lineage tagging strategy specifically tagging the PDG compartment, in combination with a well-characterized model of acute and chronic pancreatic injury, to confirm that these compartments contain epithelial progenitor cells. (nebraska.edu)
To accomplish this aim we propose to use in an in vivo lineage tagging and PDG cell-specific oncogene activation strategy in mice to identify PDG as the compartment of origin for IPMN and invasive cancer. (nebraska.edu)
Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
or movements in a free energy landscape such that lineage choices are paths between stable cell states. (lu.se)
Eosinophils are derived from hematopoietic stem cells initially committed to the myeloid line and then to the basophil-eosinophil granulocyte lineage. (medscape.com)

Newborn IPC migrate to a more basal zone called the subventricular zone (SVZ) where they divide symmetrically to give a pair of IPC or a pair of neurons [4]. (academicediting.org)
In vivo time course studies revealed the presence of ZIKV in apical radial glial cells (aRGCs) at early time points following virus exposure, while basal intermediate progenitor cells (bIPCs) became maximally (ZIKV + ) after 3 d of virus exposure. (eneuro.org)
We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
In vitro analysis revealed that loss of LKB1 expression enhanced migration, invasion and the acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype, while LKB1 overexpression in MDA-MB-435 s cells, which have a low basal level of LKB1 expression, promoted the acquisition of epithelial phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
These provide as stem cells in charge of the production of most excitatory cortical neurons most glial cells and adult stem cells20 23 The RGP cells are extremely elongated with their apical and PRT062607 HCL basal processes spanning the entire thickness of the developing neocortex. (biotech-angels.com)

The endothelial glycocalyx, a glycosaminoglycan layer located on the apical surface of vascular endothelial cells, has been shown to be important for several endothelial functions. (bioinf.org)
We found apical accumulation of both Drosophila E-Cadherin (DE-Cad) and the apical cue Bazooka (Baz) as cells first form. (rupress.org)
These structures maintain apical Baz, accumulate apical Crumbs, and organize polarized cytoskeletons, but display abnormal cell morphology and fail to segregate the basolateral cue Discs large from the apical domain. (rupress.org)
The improved specificity of apical radial glial cell (aRGC) labeling afforded by the cell-specific labeling tools uncover functional differences between aRGC types that will have important implications for children exposed to ZIKV as well as for understanding corticogenesis. (eneuro.org)
The activity of growth promoting factors in the CSF and their action on progenitors across the apical surface may be a model for other epithelia including lung, gut, and vascular endothelia that develop in relation to extracellular fluids (Bendall et al. (inhibitorkits.com)
Mammalian neocortical advancement begins using the enlargement of neuroepithelial cells inside the neural pipe followed by development from the split neocortex20 21 The apical-most area which is certainly next to lateral ventricle and thought as the ventricular area (VZ) is certainly populated with the soma of radial glia progenitor (RGP) cells22. (biotech-angels.com)

However, transplanting other than hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is still limited to a few applications, and it mainly applies to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow. (hindawi.com)
Nowadays, experts agree that MSCs may generate upon appropriate stimulation quite different mature cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stromal cells of the bone marrow [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchymal stromal cells) are another type of adult stem cells that have been featured prominently in clinical trials recently due to their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types. (the-dna-universe.com)

Figure 3) or PSA-NCAM are markers frequently used for intermediate progenitor cells and early immature neurons (PMID: 29625071). (sanbio.nl)
In adult mouse hippocampus, Tbr2 protein and Tbr2-GFP (green fluorescent protein) transgene expression were specifically localized to intermediate-stage progenitor cells (IPCs), a type of transit amplifying cells. (jneurosci.org)
Among the NSPC from the developing cortex radial glia cells (RGC) features as neural stem cells and generate neurons straight or indirectly intermediate progenitors (IPC) [1] [2]. (academicediting.org)
Mitosis could be symmetric leading to self-renewal from the neural progenitor pool or asymmetric resulting in one neural progenitor and the post-mitotic neuron or an intermediate progenitor each which migrate from the ventricle. (biotech-angels.com)

As mentioned above, quiescent cells maintain a low level of oxidative phosphorylation and primarily rely on glycolysis to generate energy. (wikipedia.org)
In the healthy brain, neuroglia stem cells generate progenitors, which in turn give rise to differentiating cells that will eventually acquire their final functional state. (stanford.edu)
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) undergo asymmetric cell division (ACD) to generate one OPC and one differentiating oligodendrocyte (OL) progeny. (escholarship.org)
At the same time, by asymmetric cell division or after specific activation, stem cells must be able to generate more mature progenitor cells or differentiated effector cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Among the emerging man-made supramolecular structures, peptide assemblies, formed by enzyme reactions or other stimuli, have received most of the research attention and advanced most rapidly.In this Account, we will review works that apply enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA) to generate intracellular peptide assemblies for developing a new kind of biomedicine, especially in the field of novel cancer nanomedicines and modulating cell morphogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
B1 cells have astroglial properties and generate, in addition to a small number of oligodendroglia, at least ten different subtypes of inhibitory interneurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb. (idival.org)
Now, the CRISPR technique allows us to insert a reporter gene and generate a transgenic zebrafish line where the cells we are interested in express a fluorescent marker. (sciencemission.com)
that is, they have the ability to generate other stem cells and perpetuate themselves. (bvsalud.org)
Figure 5: Depiction of the process to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. (the-dna-universe.com)

Thus, the data described here use a novel genetic approach to birthdate centrosomes in human cells and identify asymmetric inheritance of centrosomes as a mechanism to maintain self-renewal properties and to ensure proper neurogenesis in human NPCs. (elifesciences.org)
Consequently, neurogenesis in the juvenile and adult V-SVZ results in a progressive depletion of the population of B1 cells over time. (idival.org)
Here, a novel murine model of fetal ZIKV infection incorporating intraventricular infection and cell type-specific in utero electroporation (IUE) was used to identify the time course of ZIKV infection and to determine the identity of cells that are initially infected or spared during neocortical neurogenesis. (eneuro.org)

Instead, myeloid progenitors expressing SKI are partially dependent on functional hepatocyte growth factor signaling. (edu.au)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have high regenerative potentials and are capable of differentiating into all blood and immune system cells. (wikipedia.org)
Like all cells, hematopoietic stem cells undergo metabolic shifts to meet their bioenergetic needs throughout development. (wikipedia.org)
Today, more than 50 years after the first successful bone marrow transplantation, clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells is a routine procedure, saving the lives of many every day. (hindawi.com)
The proto-oncogene SKI is highly expressed in human myeloid leukemia and also in murine hematopoietic stem cells. (edu.au)

Her research identified conserved mechanisms of cell fate determination in mammalian brain progenitors and led to a paradigm shift in understanding how brain progenitor cells self-renew and differentiate. (stanford.edu)
Here we turn to the issue of how progenitor cells within these regions differentiate into neurons and glial cells, the two major cell types that populate the nervous system. (mhmedical.com)
Progenitor cells retain the ability to divide until they terminally differentiate. (ox.ac.uk)
Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)
These stem cells in turn are able to proliferate and re-differentiate to give rise to any other cell type. (the-dna-universe.com)
Adult stem cells are more specialised than embryonic stem cells and can be found in different organs throughout the body, where they divide and further differentiate to replenish lost cells. (the-dna-universe.com)

Stem cells remain hard to identify, however it is thought that they reside in a 'niche' towards the base of the crypt and their activity is regulated by the paracrine secretion of growth factors and cytokines from surrounding mesenchymal cells. (ox.ac.uk)
However, little work has been done on the roles of LKB1 in cell polarity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
The roles of LKB1 in cell polarity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer were determined by using immunofluorescence, western blot assay, and cell migration and invasive assays. (biomedcentral.com)

Metabolic shifts also guide development in HSCs and are one key factor in determining if an HSC will remain quiescent, symmetrically divide, or asymmetrically divide. (wikipedia.org)
All RGPs divide symmetrically at first, which produces a greater pool of progenitor cells. (ista.ac.at)

The reason from this is likely two-fold: LT-HSCs reside within the hypoxic niche of the bone marrow, and low levels of mitochondrial respiration protect quiescent cells from damage induced ROS. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, MSCs isolated from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were shown to be a blend of distinct cells and MSCs isolated from different tissues show besides some common features also some significant differences. (hindawi.com)
The MSCs have been described for the first time as colony forming fibroblasts (CFU-F), a rare population of cells residing in the bone marrow of guinea-pigs or mice [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Furthermore, we show that Notch signalling positively regulates glial cells missing ( gcm ) expression in the context of SPG development. (biologists.com)
This signaling pathway is a highly conserved cell-to-cell communication system that regulates cell fate in development and disease. (5dok.org)
Thus, LKB1 regulates multiple biological pathways involved in cell growth and metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)

Proper cell fate decisions by neuroglia stem cells are critical for growing the cell lineages that form the brain during development and to maintain adult brain homeostasis. (stanford.edu)
Defects in cell fate control could explain many key defects present in brain tumors Of special emphasis, we study the establishment of cell fates within normal hierarchical brain lineages for comparison to the dysregulated cell-fate hierarchies seen in brain tumors. (stanford.edu)
Although studies have identified unique transcription factors in the selection of normal pancreatic lineages, the cells of origin and molecular mechanisms arbitrating PDAC growth are poorly defined. (amegroups.org)
The process is regulated and maintained by a population of stem cells, which give rise to all the intestinal epithelial cell lineages. (ox.ac.uk)

Aberration of asymmetric segregation of centrosomes by genetic manipulation of the centrosomal, microtubule-associated protein Ninein alters fate decisions of NPCs and their maintenance in the VZ of human cortical organoids. (elifesciences.org)
Her postdoctoral studies on neural stem cells and asymmetric cell division in the Lab of Dr. Yuh Nung Jan at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and University of San Francisco, California implied for the first time a minus-end directed myosin in the process of cell fate determination. (stanford.edu)
During two years as an instructor and head of a research group in Munich, Germany, Dr. Petritsch and her team showed that cell fate determinants use a bimodal mechanism (diffusion and active capturing) for proper intracellular location. (stanford.edu)
The mechanisms for cell fate decisions in the human brain are largely unknown. (stanford.edu)
By using patient-derived cells from brain surgeries, we investigate cell fate decision mechanisms in the normal brain and in brain malignancies. (stanford.edu)
We think that defective cell fate decisions fuel the intra-humoral heterogeneity and plasticity that makes treatment of human brain tumors so challenging. (stanford.edu)
We therefore work to gain an understanding of how brain cells control the fate of their progeny, whereby we unravel novel points of vulnerabilities in brain tumor cells, that could be exploited therapeutically. (stanford.edu)
This mechanism of specifying glial cell fates within the CNS is novel and provides further insight into regulatory interactions leading to glial cell fate determination. (biologists.com)
The maintenance of stem or progenitor cell fate relies on intrinsic factors as well as local cues from the cellular microenvironment and systemic signaling. (sdbonline.org)
Together, this study shows that the PSC is dispensable for blood cell progenitor maintenance and reveals the key role of the conserved transcription factor Col as an intrinsic regulator of hematopoietic progenitor fate. (sdbonline.org)
To investigate this heterogeneous vulnerability, we performed genetic fate mapping using cell type-specific probes derived from a mouse embryonic day (E)15.5 neocortical wall single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) dataset. (eneuro.org)
Dumont's research program is divided into 4 axes: 1) characterizing the intrinsic mechanisms regulating the cell fate decision of muscle stem cells during myogenesis, 2) characterizing the interactions between muscle stem cells and their microenvironment (e.g., macrophages, fibro-adipogenic progenitors, vascular cells, fibrosis, hyperoxia) in muscle regeneration and diseases, 3) characterizing the impact of genetic myopathies (e.g. (chusj.org)
The temporal and spatial precision underlying the acquisition of the F-Cell fate led us to pursue a detailed study on the structure and function of the tactile bristle and its association with the F-Cell. (biologists.com)
One key finding is that F-Cell fate specification occurs post-mitotically: selective elimination of the F-Cell through laser microsurgery induced de novo specification of the F-Cell fate in the remaining epidermal cell adjoining each tactile bristle. (biologists.com)
The precise dynamic of this event led us to perform a series of genetic and optical experiments which, together, indicated that the shaft cell of the bristle is orchestrating a short-range signalling to select F-Cell fate within the epidermis. (biologists.com)
While corroborating these findings, we asked what happens after F-Cell fate acquisition. (biologists.com)

Remarkably, approximately half of the neurons generated in the mammalian nervous system are lost through programmed cell death. (mhmedical.com)
Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) constitute the two main pathways to repair DSB in mammalian cells. (academicediting.org)

Dr. Petritsch is an expert in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and cancer stem cells, and her team's emphasis is on intra-tumoral heterogeneity, in vitro and in vivo cancer model development, and tumor-immune interactions. (stanford.edu)
Expansion of MSCs was shown to be limited to a few passages of in vitro culture and the cells underwent replicative senescence [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, available in vitro protocols for expansion of MSCs do not yield true stem cells. (hindawi.com)
In vitro and in viv strategies are also proposed to determine if these cells have multipotential capacity. (nebraska.edu)
Using biologically relevant elastic substrates to study cell function in vitro has proven beneficial, as the in vivo microenvironment usually is much softer than rigid plastic dishes. (5dok.org)
In vitro treatment with 100 M ZEB for 3 days caused a significant reduction of the SP fraction in all three cell lines. (grantome.com)
Consistent with our in vivo and in vitro results, ZEB treatment significantly amplified the differences in the expression levels of CSC and stemness associated genes between SP and non-SP cells. (grantome.com)
Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)
Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)

The transcriptional signatures of neural precursor cells (NPCs) were used for the first time to test Zika virus (ZIKV) susceptibility in a direct fetal brain infection model. (eneuro.org)

Neurons are produced when radial glial progenitors (RGPs) divide. (ista.ac.at)

We demonstrate that neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) self-renewal and spatiotemporal generation of neurons and other cell types are severely impacted by the loss of Ythdf2 in embryonic neocortex. (biomedcentral.com)

Asymmetric divisions result in two daughter cells with different fates and cellular behaviour: one daughter remains in the VZ and retains the ability to self-renew, comparable to the mother cell. (elifesciences.org)
A few years later, HSCs were shown to possess the ability to self-renew, one of the defining features of stem cells (figure 2). (the-dna-universe.com)

So far, it has been unclear how RGPs divide to produce all the different cortical neuron types. (ista.ac.at)
Simon Hippenmeyer and co-authors used the Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM) technique to decipher the principles of excitatory neuron genesis in the neocortex of mice at single cell resolution. (ista.ac.at)
They do this by asymmetric divisions, in other words, when a progenitor cell divides, it gives a daughter cell that becomes a neuron and stops dividing, and another daughter cell that remains a progenitor. (sciencemission.com)
Experiments were also conducted to assess the responses of Tbr2+ cells to neurogenic stimuli, with the goal of understanding how Tbr2+ IPCs contribute to neuron production in the adult DG. (jneurosci.org)
RGC broaden via symmetric divisions and perform asymmetric divisions to produce another RGC and Motesanib Diphosphate (AMG-706) an IPC or a Motesanib Diphosphate (AMG-706) neuron [2] [3]. (academicediting.org)
the newborn neuron develops an extension, the axon, destined to embark on an incredible journey, in search of the cells with which it will establish communication. (inmg.fr)

During human forebrain development, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the ventricular zone (VZ) undergo asymmetric cell divisions to produce a self-renewed progenitor cell, maintaining the potential to go through additional rounds of cell divisions, and differentiating daughter cells, populating the developing cortex. (elifesciences.org)
In many adult mammals, neural stem cells (NSCs) persist in the walls of the lateral ventricle in a germinal niche that preserves key features of the embryonic ventricular zone and a subventricular zone. (idival.org)

LT-HSCs can be signaled to proliferate, producing either myeloid or lymphoid progenitors. (wikipedia.org)

NPCs can be differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but also from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (PMID: 11731782). (sanbio.nl)

Adherens junctions (AJs) are thought to be key landmarks for establishing epithelial cell polarity, but the origin of epithelial polarity in Drosophila remains unclear. (rupress.org)
In particular, epithelial cell polarity is critical for the development, remodeling, and maintenance of epithelial structure. (rupress.org)
Indeed, loss of epithelial cell polarity is associated with tumor development and metastasis. (rupress.org)
LKB1, also known as STK11 , is a master kinase that serves as an energy metabolic sensor and is involved in cell polarity regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we tried to prove that loss of LKB1 disrupts breast epithelial cell polarity and causes tumor metastasis and invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, the non-transformed human breast cell line MCF-10A was cultured in three dimensions to further reveal the role of LKB1 in breast epithelial cell polarity maintenance. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, it was found for the first time that endogenous LKB1 knockdown resulted in abnormal cell polarity in acini formed by non-transformed breast epithelial cells grown in 3D culture. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of endogenous LKB1 gave rise to dysregulation of cell polarity and invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
LKB1 also plays crucial roles in establishment and maintenance of cell polarity. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, LKB1 helps establish and maintain cell polarity in mammals. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell polarity controls orientated cell division, cell shape changes, as well as cell movement. (nature.com)
However, STK38 the distribution of CSF resident proteins, as well as the flow of the CSF, may also influence ciliary orientation and maturing ependymal cell polarity (Mirzadeh et al. (inhibitorkits.com)

During human brain development, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo two modes of cell division. (elifesciences.org)
All adult stem cells can undergo two types of division: symmetric and asymmetric. (wikipedia.org)
In response to chronic inflammation these cells can undergo a GI metaplasia and cystic hypertrophy which histologically and molecularly resemble side-branch IPMN, known precursors of PDAC. (nebraska.edu)

The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
Somatic cells can be converted into stem cells through the introduction of specific genes (e.g. (the-dna-universe.com)
Myc, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Klf4) that encode transcription factors (Yamanaka factors) for the conversion of somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. (the-dna-universe.com)

The derangement of these pathways within stem cells plays an integral part in the development of malignancy within the intestinal tract. (ox.ac.uk)
The objectives are to compare cell behaviors using imaging techniques and transcriptomic analyses to identify signaling pathways governing the pathfinding strategies of malignant cells during their dissemination. (inmg.fr)

What are neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors, and neural precursors (NPCs)? (sanbio.nl)
Although Igf2 availability decreased in adult CSF (Figures 3C and S3B), Igf2 continued to be expressed in adult choroid plexus (data not shown) and maintained adult neurospheres ( Figure 4I), suggesting that low levels of CSF Igf2 contribute to the maintenance of adult neural stem cells. (inhibitorkits.com)

Blood cell production in the Drosophila hematopoietic organ, the lymph gland , is controlled by intrinsic factors and extrinsic signals. (sdbonline.org)

Spana and Doe, 1996 ) (mediated by Notch and Delta and cell-cell interaction), are involved in the specification of daughter cell fates. (biologists.com)
The process of gastrulation is linked to determination of mesodermal cell fates, such that patterning of tissue fates and patterning of cell behavior are interconnected. (nature.com)

In a paper published in Cell on November 6, Simon Hippenmeyer, Assistant Professor at IST Austria, presents how neurons and glial cells are formed in the developing neocortex at an unprecedented resolution. (ista.ac.at)

In response to acute injury these glands are capable of asymmetric division that gives rise to differentiated daughter cells which then migrate to repopulate the main ducts. (nebraska.edu)
Signals that allow axons to locate themselves in space, called topographic or guidance signals, are also used by cells that migrate to build nerve structures. (inmg.fr)

The differential capacity of Igf signaling to confer a proliferative advantage to stem cells may be regulated in part by Igf's interactions with binding proteins Androgen Receptor Antagonist cell line or other secreted factors in the environment (Clemmons, 1997). (inhibitorkits.com)

The results indicate that one class of aRGCs preferentially express the putative ZIKV entry receptor AXL and that these cells are more vulnerable to ZIKV infection than other aRGC subtypes with low AXL expression. (eneuro.org)
Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)

The findings will be of interest to developmental neurobiologists, but also more broadly to cell and developmental biologists. (elifesciences.org)

Now, the group has investigated how rhombomeric boundary cells give rise to neurons while maintaining a proliferative reservoir of progenitor stem cells. (sciencemission.com)

If asymmetric segregation of centrosomes occurs in NPCs of the developing human brain, which depends on unique molecular regulators and species-specific cellular composition, remains unknown. (elifesciences.org)
Ciona embryos consist of extremely low cell numbers allowing high resolution analysis of intra-cellular dynamics in intact embryos. (biologists.com)
Initial analysis of Collier/Early B Cell Factor function in the lymph gland revealed the role of the Posterior Signaling Center (PSC) in mounting a dedicated cellular immune response to wasp parasitism. (sdbonline.org)
Notably, the Tbr2+ IPCs formed cellular clusters, the average size of which (Tbr2+ cells per cluster) likewise more than doubled in runners. (jneurosci.org)
In the early 1960s, Ernest McCulloch and James Till (a cellular biologist and a biophysicist respectively at the University of Toronto) discovered haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and demonstrated their role in blood cell formation through a series of experiments in mice. (the-dna-universe.com)
The tumor suppressor gene LKB1, also known as serine/threonine protein kinase 11 (STK11 ), encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that has multiple cellular functions, including tumor suppression, cell cycle regulation, and promotion of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The furry ( fry ) gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein with a wide variety of cellular functions, including cell polarization and morphogenesis in invertebrates. (nature.com)
The epidermis is the outermost layer of animals' body, and it integrates various specialized cells and cellular structures that associate with sensory neurons to shape the sense of touch. (biologists.com)
B cells The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

When this connection was made, it launched a whole new field," says Isidore Rigoutsos, Ph.D., professor of pathology, anatomy, and cell biology and director of the Computational Medicine Center at Thomas Jefferson University. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
ii) ZEB treatment can significantly reduce the heterogeneity of SP cells thus increasing the frequency of CSC;and (iii) the combination of an isolation procedure based on stem-like functional characteristics with epigenetic modulation provides an important tool for investigating cancer stem cells biology. (grantome.com)
Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
A recent paper in Nature Cell Biology entitled ' Co-option of epidermal cells enables touch sensing ' reports a new type of specialised epidermal cells involved in touch sensing in Drosophila . (biologists.com)

The primary progenitors (B1 cells) of this adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) have been best studied in mice. (idival.org)
suggesting that progenitor cells in the embryonic and adult brain may share similar molecular phenotypes. (jneurosci.org)
The present experiments were designed to determine whether aspects of this TF cascade are conserved in the adult DG and to examine the identity of Tbr2+ cells in the SGZ. (jneurosci.org)

Cells require three to six genetic mutations to become carcinogenic, and these accumulate over time [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Persistent stem cells in the oral epithelium of adults are the only cells that can accumulate sufficient mutations for OSCC to develop [ 18 , 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
MCPH is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern in which both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (biomedcentral.com)

1.0875 and 1.0770 g/mL per murine and human stem/progenitor cells, respectively). (bioinf.org)

When a cell undergoes symmetric division, it can either produce two differentiated cells or two new stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Symmetric division of NSCs maintains the population of undifferentiated NSCs, while asymmetric division gives rise to neural progenitors. (sanbio.nl)

completed, technical barriers to mass cell production will have been eliminated making transfusion with ex-vivo generated red cells a reality. (bioinf.org)
These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
Through in vivo electrophysiological recordings and behavioural assays, we found that the F-Cell is indeed essential for touch sensing. (biologists.com)

Cells constantly receive and translate physical cues into biological messages, which in turn dictate cell shape, state and function. (5dok.org)

We show that the genesis of a subset of glial cells, the subperineurial glia (SPGs), involves a new mechanism and requires Notch. (biologists.com)
In this work we have discovered that the asymmetric cell division triggered by the so-called Notch signalling pathway allows rhombomeric boundary cells to form neurons while maintaining stem cells for later on", the author adds. (sciencemission.com)
We have therefore investigated the role of matrix stiffness in Notch signaling in breast cancer cells. (5dok.org)
Our results show that we can tune cell stiffness and migration by regulating Notch activity and matrix stiffness. (5dok.org)
We propose an opportunity to target the cancer cell/microenvironment interface instead of the Notch pathway itself in the development of cancer therapies. (5dok.org)

She returned to UCSF to conduct translational research, and apply her combined expertise in stem cells and signaling on the study of brain neoplasms and human stem and progenitor cells. (stanford.edu)

The intestinal tract has a rapid epithelial cell turnover, which continues throughout life. (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy69

Organisms20

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Proliferation15

Differentiation34

Neuronal9

Stem cell47

Multipotent4

Lineage9

Basal5

Apical6

Stromal cells3

Intermediate4

Generate9

Neurogenesis3

Myeloid progenitors1

Hematopoietic stem4

Differentiate6

Mesenchymal3

Symmetrically2

Bone marrow3

Regulates3

Lineages4

Fate16

Mammalian2

Vitro9

Precursor cells1

Radial glial1

Generation of Neurons1

Self-renew2

Neuron6

Ventricular zone2

Proliferate1

Embryonic stem1

Polarity12

Undergo3

Somatic3

Pathways2

Neural stem2

Intrinsic1

Fates2

Neurons and glial cells1

Migrate2

Differential1

Putative2

Developmental1

Proliferative1

Cellular9

Biology4

Adult3

Mutations3

Murine1

Symmetric division2

Vivo3

Cues1

Notch5

Human stem1

Epithelial cell1