• Here, the notion of "natural capital" was viewed in terms of the stock of physical properties and natural-material use values constituting real wealth and was seen as opposed to the growing "sense of capitalism" as a system of mere exchange value or cash nexus. (monthlyreview.org)
  • As revolutionary Marxists, however, we understand capitalism not merely as a collection of economic processes but as an integrated system of socioeconomic relationships. (isreview.org)
  • I argue that sustainability (or a healthy environment) can be seen as an "ecological social wage" under capitalism and has to be fought for as a part of a larger fight against the various logics of capitalism, such as endless accumulation, and against the system as a whole. (socialistproject.ca)
  • The threat to sustainability under capitalism does not come from the fact that there are too many people on earth, nor from the fact that some erstwhile poor countries are consuming more things to live a slightly better life, nor indeed from human beings' productive activity as such (e.g. industrialization), although all these facts do involve increased extraction of resources from nature. (socialistproject.ca)
  • Liberal privacy philosophy tends to ignore the political economy of privacy in capitalism that can mask socio-economic inequality and protect capital and the rich from public accountability. (mdpi.com)
  • In the process he butchers the tools Marx developed for understanding the dynamics of capitalism. (isj.org.uk)
  • Speaking endlessly of the "law of value" and the centrality of labour productivity, Moore nevertheless replaces the role Marx assigned human labour as the source of all value in the dynamics of capitalism with a notion that the energy and fertility of non-human nature is what drives economic growth and decline. (isj.org.uk)
  • Moore never makes an argument against exploited human labour as the source of all value in capitalism, and yet use values continue to creep into his account of both how capitalists accumulate and how their system booms and busts. (isj.org.uk)
  • Moreover, Marx placed great emphasis on the fact that natural resources under capitalism are treated as a "free gift of Nature to capital," and hence they do not enter directly into the production of value. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Capitalism is concerned with profit though the exploitation of a specific commodity (labour power) from human workers and its own expansion. (springernature.com)
  • At the same time capitalism is incredibly fragile in every moment and we describe a 'multi-dimensional' class war occurring at the level of the virus (in terms of property rights over biological entities and their extermination), the interests of the working class and the expansion of capital against human life and existence. (springernature.com)
  • How labour became such a commodity before the rise of capitalism is the subject of Part 8 of Capital, which deals with primitive or original accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
  • In order to develop a critical analysis of the current capitalist expropriation of world ecology, it is necessary to explore the concept of natural capital in the work of Marx and other early radical critics within classical political economy. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Amazon is a capitalist organisation capable of enormously concentrating capital, while not autonomising the different functions of capital, leading to efficiency in its management. (libcom.org)
  • Amazon, finally, is a capitalist business capable of centralising capital to a very advanced degree for a long time, while avoiding the pitfalls of an excess of centralisation - that is, the lack of competition, which constitutes a powerful, vital and fundamental motor of the capitalist mode of production. (libcom.org)
  • Amazon manages to directly centralise capital via the acquisition of weaker capitals and via stock market capitalisation, but also indirectly via sub-contracting and, what is truly original on its part, via the aggregation of a myriad of small and medium capitals and the relation of command/dependence which it implements with them over the whole area of the capitalist territory. (libcom.org)
  • 6 Bourgeois ideology and economics may wish coal could be turned into capital, but Marx showed that the only part of capitalist production that can increase the size of capital is exploited human labour. (isj.org.uk)
  • No innovation of capitalist civilization can short-circuit this process or render it less autonomous without paying a price. (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • First, since we do, after all, live in a capitalist society, I'll give Harvey's definition of capital, and then his definition of crisis, which focuses on blockaged that prevent the circulation of capital. (nakedcapitalism.com)
  • In contrast, the value/exchange value of the capitalist commodity economy was derived from the exploitation of human labor power alone. (monthlyreview.org)
  • It is this ecological contradiction within the capitalist value and accumulation process that serves to explain the system's tendency toward ecological crises proper, or the metabolic rift. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Instead it was, and remains , a systematic way to arrange capitalist and non-capitalist relations to the benefit of the former, as a means of addressing internal contradictions within the accumulation process, albeit in a context of growing resistance. (cadtm.org)
  • Second, as the capital flow turns from new sectors to new spaces, imperial power helps capitalist social relations dominate non-capitalist "natural economies. (cadtm.org)
  • Although through market competition commodity values take on the form of production prices, i.e., capitalist cost prices plus the average social profit, a commodity's value in terms of the labor time required to produce it still remains, since the average rate of profit is determined by the size of surplus value in relation to the total value of all commodities produced. (libcom.org)
  • Amazon has managed to integrate on a high level the flexibility of labour and various productive processes, involving its own internal workforce as well as numerous sub-contractors. (libcom.org)
  • Once again this validates the thesis of Marx that it is always necessary to mobilise more constant capital in relation to variable capital to increase the productivity of labour - to put it another way, to concentrate crystallised labour as opposed to living labour, which means increasing the rate of exploitation. (libcom.org)
  • Even more so than in the 19th century, capital's profits in an age of throwaway service labour rely on exploiting and monetizing the basic linguistic socialization given free of charge to each of its future employees between the ages of zero and five. (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • Some of what capital finds recalcitrant about interpretation as a labour process lies in the judgement calls interpreters have to make hundreds of times a day between (on the one hand) holding beliefs fixed and solving for meaning and (on the other) holding meanings fixed and solving for belief. (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • It is widely believed that Marx adapted the labour theory of value from Ricardo as a founding concept for his studies of capital accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
  • But the circulation of capital presupposes the prior existence of wage labour as a commodity that can be bought and sold in the market (chapter 6). (davidharvey.org)
  • The concept of capital as a process - as value in motion - based on the purchase of labour power and means of production is inextricably interwoven with the emergence of the value form. (davidharvey.org)
  • While the steps in the argument are complicated, Marx appears to have done little more than synthesize and formalize Ricardo's labour theory of value by embedding it in the totality of circulation and accumulation as depicted in Figure 1. (davidharvey.org)
  • Davidson's is an outstanding comprehensive account of the involved and often contradictory processes that went into the making of neoliberalism as a "political-economic" strategy developed by ruling class "vanguards" (such as Margaret Thatcher in the UK) from the mid-1970s in response to capitalism's crisis of profitability. (isreview.org)
  • Capitalism's millions of ingenious techniques for transforming human activity - or the commons - into an income stream, it turns out, are ultimately both necessary and impossible. (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • From an ecological perspective, this transformation is key, for in communal contexts centered on de-alienated labor, production methods and goals can be rationally sorted out in ways that are harmonious with natural processes, cycles, and limits, in contrast to capitalism's inexorable logic of accumulation. (links.org.au)
  • In this very informal post I'll take a look at David Harvey's The Enigma of Capital , because I want to see if Harvey's conceptual toolkit can give an account of the statistical and conceptual Bermuda Triangle of what's happening with our shipping and the supply chain generally. (nakedcapitalism.com)
  • Those arguments were constructed during the critical period of primitive accumulation, and as a result, Luxemburg considered the context for land and natural resource dispossession, migrant labor, and ethno-patriarchal rule. (cadtm.org)
  • In the process, Luxemburg described and also theorized how settler colonialism's primitive accumulation was not a once-off affliction. (cadtm.org)
  • There's always more to what Marx called "contradictions" than is spelled out in the pages of Capital . (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • a world where all that one has seems to come from economic activity and not from the ecological processes which underlie and sustain all living existence. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • The system in its narrow pursuit of profit-and on ever-greater scales-increasingly disrupts the fundamental ecological processes governing all life, as well as social reproduction. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Insofar as they accumulate at all, capitalists have to deny, through their daily practice, the existence of what makes accumulation possible. (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • Capitalists - those who set this process in motion - take on many different personae. (nakedcapitalism.com)
  • By siphoning off that additional surplus value, the capitalists maintain their profits and impose lower wages for longer and more intense working days. (cadtm.org)
  • We touch upon how the ways in which capitalists encourage humans to instrumentalise nature can give rise to pandemics. (springernature.com)
  • 2 It was this overall integrated approach that led Marx to define socialism in terms of a process of sustainable human development-understood as the necessity of maintaining the earth for future generations, coupled with the greatest development of human freedom and potential. (monthlyreview.org)
  • In this view, human-material existence is simultaneously social-historical and natural-ecological. (monthlyreview.org)
  • The history of human society is, in part, a history of two great conflicting cultures: that which rests upon the recognition of the inherent value of existence, and that which is in reaction to a perceived nothingness. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • However, one consistent and decisive feature of all Venezuela's communes-part of both the legal framework and the on-the-ground reality-is that they involve returning control of production to direct producers, whose conscious organization of productive processes substitutes for the capital system's rule of abstract value relations that alienate laborers both from their own activities, and from their material and social environment. (links.org.au)
  • An attempt to understand the functioning of one the world's most powerful companies using marxist categories - explaining how Amazon manages to combine the functions of productive, comercial and finance capital. (libcom.org)
  • Interesting ourselves in the functioning and the evolving realities of capital, making use of and verifying the operation of Marxist categories, is a basic theoretical and practical task for communists. (libcom.org)
  • In 1913, Rosa Luxemburg's The Accumulation of Capital offered a unique contribution to the Marxist theory of imperialism partly because she drew on primary accounts of Africa's super-exploitation, with nuanced attention to the social formation emerging in South Africa. (cadtm.org)
  • Marxism, they maintained, had not only failed to explain the Holocaust, its very occurrence called into question the Marxist conception that socialism arose out of fundamental historical and economic processes. (wsws.org)
  • An analysis based on Marxist thinking sheds light on what moved that process. (peoplesworld.org)
  • The ecology of the earth stabilized following the total freezing of the earth's surface 700 or 800 million years ago, stabilized following the great Permian extinction and will stabilize after the human industrial extinction to which we presently contribute. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • The recovery of the ecological-materialist foundations of Karl Marx's thought, as embodied in his theory of metabolic rift, is redefining both Marxism and ecology in our time, reintegrating the critique of capital with critical natural science. (monthlyreview.org)
  • It is the circulation of money as capital (chapter 5) that consolidates the conditions for the formation of capital's distinctive value form as a regulatory norm. (davidharvey.org)
  • In capital's case, however, the process appears as not only self-reproducing (cyclical) but also self-expanding (the spiral form of accumulation). (davidharvey.org)
  • This is so because the search for profit and surplus value propel the commodity exchanges, which in turn promote and sustain the value form. (davidharvey.org)
  • The purchaser of this special commodity uses it to enlarge his capital, measured in money terms. (libcom.org)
  • In the circulation process capital alternately assumes commodity form and money form as it accumulates. (libcom.org)
  • He shows neoliberalism to be both (a) a new economic strategy of capital accumulation adopted after the crisis of 1973-1974, and (b) a set of political policies to enable capital to accumulate and to smash the working class and its organizations. (isreview.org)
  • First, Luxemburg's Accumulation gives us the basic tools to work through why there is a "ceaseless flow of capital from one branch of production to another, and finally in the periodic and cyclical swings of reproduction between overproduction and crisis" (2003, 76). (cadtm.org)
  • If the answer is yes, then human survival is indeed at stake in the environmental crisis. (transcend.org)
  • Humanity, therefore, is facing issues of ecological survival on two levels: (1) a still reversible but rapidly worsening Earth System crisis, threatening to undermine civilization as a whole and make the planet uninhabitable for the human species, and (2) accelerating extreme weather and other ecological disasters associated with climate change that are now unavoidable in the coming decades, affecting localities and regions throughout the globe. (transcend.org)
  • 1 In the process, the entire human relation to nature was alienated and upended. (monthlyreview.org)
  • This creative capacity also allowed humans to manipulate their environment in order to alleviate a degree of natural oppression and alienation experienced in relation to the elements. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • the basis of production, then, is the social relation between wage labor and capital. (libcom.org)
  • It fulfils all the functions of industrial capital (financial, commercial and productive) and draws advantage from this integration, notably by controlling flows of money, which means at the same time maximum capture of surplus value (which it does not have to share with other companies) and the acceleration of the turnover of its capital. (libcom.org)
  • These capitals, who wouldn't exist on the world market (and perhaps not at all) without Amazon, have the function of taking on basic industrial risk, that of failing to realise the value and surplus value contained in commodities. (libcom.org)
  • Value formation likewise cannot be understood outside of the circulation process that houses it. (davidharvey.org)
  • In effect, contrary to appearances, Amazon is far from only being active in the sphere of commercial capital. (libcom.org)
  • Value thereby becomes an embedded regulatory norm in the sphere of exchange only under conditions of capital accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
  • During twenty workshops, five pre-hearings, a final hearing and a complementary hearing, systematic testimonies resulted in specific rulings and a final sentence bearing on this specific process wherein national and foreign jury members recognised - for the first time in the international legal sphere - the vast and systematic character of the attack against the peasantry and independent food production. (grain.org)
  • However, you've quoted Falcon Coffees' purpose as a business that "profits from sustainability. (bbh.com)
  • A simple but crude analogy for Marx's argument might be this: the human body depends for its vitality upon the circulation of the blood, which has no being outside of the human body. (davidharvey.org)
  • It is hardly surprising in this context that the first references to "natural capital" and to the "earth's capital stock" arose in this same period in the work of radical and socialist political economists, who sought to defend nature and the commons against the intrusions of the market. (monthlyreview.org)
  • To begin with I will discuss the historical-cultural roots of oppression and rebellion, the modern context in which society is situated, the contemporary forms of anarchism which are evolving to meet this challenge, and the cultural process by which revolution occurs. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • I started Falcon Coffees in 2008 with the view to build a company with a dual purpose - to be for-profit but also have positive socioeconomic impact. (bbh.com)
  • This represents the culmination of a theoretical shift in the dominant economic paradigm aimed at the unlimited accumulation of total capital, now seen as including "natural capital. (monthlyreview.org)
  • This assumes a certain openness on the part of the receiver to participate in a process of renewal that has both cultural and economic components. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • What is of importance is that his early works show how his transdermal conception and critique of the inner/outer distinction stemmed from his social science research projects which described the way human behavior is shaped by external social and economic events. (bvsalud.org)
  • Something more fundamental-an examination of the human condition and capacity for evil-was needed and Marxism could not provide it. (wsws.org)
  • Such an absolute catastrophe for civilization and the human species as a whole is still avoidable with a revolutionary-scale reconstitution of the current system of production, consumption, and energy usage, though the time in which to act is rapidly running out. (transcend.org)
  • The fifth scenario (SSP5-8.5) points to an increase in the global average temperature of 4.4°C (best estimate)-spelling the collapse of civilization and absolute disaster for the human species. (transcend.org)
  • After all, circulation in space is harder to measure than accumulation over time. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • Google Translate may well speed up the global circulation of capital, but at the same time it multiplies potential misunderstandings that legions of human workers then have to correct. (thecornerhouse.org.uk)
  • So, humans relax their pretence to govern the world, and swim passively in the flow of time. (versobooks.com)
  • Life processes are everywhere. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • The jump in productivity, based on this separation from the needs that self-determined consumers would pursue, was once a source of marvel and awe, but it is now putting the planetary bases of human life in danger through its senseless profit-driven production of exchange values. (links.org.au)
  • From this position, it has thus been able to counteract the tendency for the rate of profit to fall by realising super-profits. (libcom.org)
  • But, certainly, this is not the only way to counteract the fall in the rate of profit. (libcom.org)
  • Over the forty years that Davidson maps, it is only natural to find that the policies of elected governments across the world did not always coincide with the new needs of capital reorganization along neoliberal lines. (isreview.org)
  • The capacity to extract more calories or kilowatts out of the environment may coincide with either massive investment and windfall profits, or with produce dumping, sackings and closures. (isj.org.uk)
  • The processing of your data helps to ensure that targeted information about the ministry's work is made available to the public. (bundesfinanzministerium.de)
  • An anarchist perspective would not eschew social distancing or practices to protect the health of others, but decisions concerning them would be made through direct democratic processes by communities themselves. (springernature.com)
  • The rational and democratic resolution of these questions by communities of producer-consumers is precluded by the unthinking, antidemocratic rule of capital. (links.org.au)
  • It founded a system of industry by which labor and capital were identified [ sic ] in interest. (peoplesworld.org)
  • To frame the ecological promise of Venezuela's communal project, it is useful to consider some of its main features, and contrast them with the capital system. (links.org.au)
  • From the 1980s onwards, the Keynesian steering of national economies was systematically dismantled in favor of a new mode of capital accumulation. (isreview.org)
  • Nevertheless, while it is still possible to avoid irreversible climate change through a massive transformation in the mode of production, it is no longer feasible to circumvent accelerating environmental disasters in the present century on a scale never seen before in human history, endangering the lives and living conditions of billions of people. (transcend.org)
  • Moreover, any realistic historical understanding required a focus on the complex interconnections and interdependencies associated with human-natural conditions. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Together these developments represent a sea change in the capitalization of nature, such that all natural processes that involve ecosystem services to the economy are now increasingly seen to be subject to exchange on the market for profit-all in the name of conservation and climate change. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Gifting is as natural to the human condition as a sense of caring, unless we are conditioned to think and behave otherwise. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • Since capital expansion determines the course of social production, if the latter is to proceed smoothly it must be profitable enough to permit accumulation. (libcom.org)
  • We are rapidly approaching a planetary tipping point in the form of a climate Armageddon, threatening to make the earth unlivable for the human species, as well as innumerable other species. (transcend.org)
  • Commodities and means of production may be transformed into money and vice versa, so that possession of capital is expressed as possession of money. (libcom.org)
  • indeed, the profit acquired from production must pass through the market in order to be realized. (libcom.org)
  • Of all the kinds of financial transactions, the gifting process has a unique capacity to link past, present, and future. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • The human capacity for creative expression allowed wo/man to develop narratives which constitute fables, whose metaphor has the ability to unleash other creative faculties through a process of reflection. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • We are, though, at a different point in terms of the expansion of the 'universe' of capital than in 1918. (springernature.com)
  • And now we have the Hanjin debacle - all that capital tied up in stranded ships, though granted only $12 billion or so - and the universal admission that somehow "we" invested w-a-a-a-a-a-y too much money in big ships and boats, implying (I suppose) that we need to ship a lot less stuff than we thought, at least across the oceans. (nakedcapitalism.com)
  • Capital is not a thing but a process in which money is perpetually sent in search of more money. (nakedcapitalism.com)
  • Food is a basic human need and plays a crucial role in the agro-based economy of Bangladesh, where a large proportion of the income of the population is allocated to food. (who.int)
  • Based as it is, on an Enlightenment view of human progress, Marxism could not account for the systematic mass murder of the European Jews. (wsws.org)