• Scientists are developing a promising approach for treating type 1 diabetes by using stem cells to create insulin-producing cells (called beta cells) that could replace nonfunctional pancreatic cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using various growth factors and chemicals, the investigators coaxed hPSCs into beta cells in a stepwise fashion that mimicked pancreatic development. (sciencedaily.com)
  • One well-established example of transdifferentiation is the conversion of hepatocytes to pancreatic β-cells. (silverchair.com)
  • Here, we discuss how transcription factors, and their unique position as the gatekeepers of cellular identity, are exploited in cell reprogramming protocols by exploring work focusing on one reprogramming paradigm - the transdifferentiation of hepatocytes to pancreatic beta cells (β-cell). (silverchair.com)
  • Type 1 diabetes, which arises when the pancreas doesn't create enough insulin to control levels of glucose in the blood, is a disease that currently has no cure and is difficult for most patients to manage. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Stem cells are an extremely promising approach for developing many cell therapies, including better treatments for type 1 diabetes," says Salk Professor Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, the paper's senior author. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We consider how, over the last 20 years, advances in genetic engineering and cell culture techniques have improved the efficiency and efficacy of the transdifferentiation process and brought us closer to a clinically relevant therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). (silverchair.com)
  • In a study published on June 7, 2021, in the journal Nature Communications , the investigators reported that they have developed a new way to create beta cells that is much more efficient than previous methods. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Additionally, when these beta cells were tested in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes, the animals' blood sugar was brought under control within about two weeks. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This method for manufacturing large numbers of safe and functional beta cells is an important step forward. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Producing beta cells from hPSCs in the lab is not new, but in the past the yields of these precious cells have been low. (sciencedaily.com)
  • With existing methods, only about 10 to 40 percent of cells become beta cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • To address the problem, the researchers took a stepwise approach to create beta cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The transplanted hPSC-derived beta cells were biologically functional. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researchers will continue to study this technique in the lab to further optimize the production of beta cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This cell type conversion potentially represents a novel therapy in T1D treatment. (silverchair.com)
  • After the cells were created, they were transplanted into a mouse model of type 1 diabetes, The model mice had a modified immune system that would not reject transplanted human cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Transdifferentiation is a type of cellular reprogramming involving the conversion of one differentiated cell type to another. (silverchair.com)
  • By comparison, techniques used to create nerve cells from hPSCs have yields of about 80 percent. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Over the last 20 years techniques used to reprogram cells to alternative identities have advanced dramatically. (silverchair.com)
  • Increasingly, complimentary cell culture techniques, which recapitulate the developmental microenvironment, are employed to coax cells to adopt new identities by indirectly regulating transcription factor activity via intracellular signalling pathways. (silverchair.com)
  • Here, we explore the evolution of reprogramming and directed differentiation approaches within the context of hepatocyte to β-cell transdifferentiation focussing on how the introduction of new techniques has improved our ability to generate β-cells. (silverchair.com)
  • The International Society for Stem Cell Application (ISSCA) is excited to announce the much-anticipated World Congress 2023, further establishing its role as the primary global hub for regenerative medicine. (stemcellslab.net)
  • Many years of detailed study of the biology of mouse stem cells led to the discovery, in 1998, of how to isolate stem cells from human embryos and grow the cells in the laboratory. (ijpsr.com)
  • She works to isolate populations of these cells, discover how the body regulates them, and understand how they can be used to treat disease. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Three processes in which stem cells play a central role in an organism, development, repair of damaged tissue, and cancer resulting from stem cell division going awry. (ijpsr.com)
  • Migrating epithelial cells globally align their migration machinery to achieve tissue-level movement. (bvsalud.org)
  • January 5, 2015 - Many patients undergoing lumpectomy surgery at NYU Langone Medical Center for the removal of an early detected breast tumor - the surgical option of choice for this diagnosis - are benefitting from new intra-operative technology that detects microscopic amounts of cancer cells on removed tumor tissue not visible during or following surgical intervention. (amsny.org)
  • However, Melton cautions that more research is needed before such cells could be tested in humans. (nih.gov)
  • This article presents an overview of what stem cells are, what roles they play in normal processes such as development and cancer, and how stem cells could have the potential to treat incurable diseases. (ijpsr.com)
  • They can be used to study how infectious agents invade and attack human cells, to investigate the genetic and environmental factors that are involved in cancer and other diseases, and to decipher what happens during aging 1 . (ijpsr.com)
  • By inserting only 4 genes into adult mouse skin cells, they pushed the cells back to their more versatile stem cell stage. (nih.gov)
  • The researchers sorted through more than 1,100 transcription factors-proteins that switch genes on and off-and identified at least 20 that are expressed in mature beta cells. (nih.gov)
  • They selected 9 promising ones and inserted their genes into adenoviruses, which deliver genes into exocrine cells. (nih.gov)
  • Stem cell research may help clarify the role genes play in human development and how genetic mutations affect normal processes. (ijpsr.com)
  • Researchers have long searched for ways to create cells to help repair damaged tissues or replace cells lost to disease. (nih.gov)
  • Their research, reported in the August 27, 2008, advance online edition of Nature , is supported by NIH's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute. (nih.gov)
  • Stem cell research has been hailed for the potential to revolutionize the future of medicine with the ability to regenerate damaged and diseased organs. (ijpsr.com)
  • On the other hand, stem cell research has been highly controversial due to the ethical issues concerned with the culture and use of stem cells derived from human embryos. (ijpsr.com)
  • January 12, 2015 - Governor Andrew M. Cuomo today announced $36 million has been awarded to three research groups for the development of treatments for some of the most devastating conditions that could be helped with stem cell research. (amsny.org)
  • One other type of cell death is necrosis . (nih.gov)
  • For example, it is difficult to study the progression of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases in the brains of live patient but by using the cells of an Alzheimer's patient to create stem cell lines with nuclear transfer, scientists could trace the development of the disease in a culture dish and test drugs that regenerate lost nerve cells with no danger to the patient 2 . (ijpsr.com)
  • Scientists discovered ways to obtain or derive stem cells from early mouse embryos more than 20 years ago. (ijpsr.com)
  • The blue streaks are blood vessels, which are remodeled by, and lie close to, the new, insulin-producing beta cells. (nih.gov)
  • The reprogrammed cells generated enough insulin to bring down abnormally high blood sugar in diabetic mice. (nih.gov)
  • When the researchers injected the engineered adenoviruses into mice that were deficient in beta cells, newly formed beta cells secreted enough insulin within 2 weeks to reduce the animals' blood sugar to near-normal levels. (nih.gov)
  • Insulin production and blood sugar control continued for more than 9 weeks. (nih.gov)
  • Today Wagers, 35, is a leading researcher of adult stem cells - those that generate blood and muscle. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Hemolytic Disease due to ABO Isoimmunization A condition of the newborn characterized by the destruction of red blood cells initiated by the transmission of anti-A or anti-B antibodies from a mother to the child via the placenta against A or B antigens of the newborn's blood. (nih.gov)
  • The study shows that mature cells can directly change into new cell types without first reverting back to a stem cell state. (nih.gov)
  • This study sets the stage for developing clinically useful cells by reprogramming adult cells. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we produced the recombinant cSPH35 and cSPH242 precursors, activated them with Manduca sexta PAP3, and confirmed their predicted role as a cofactor for Drosophila PPO1 activation by MP2 (i.e. (bvsalud.org)
  • These cells still have much to teach us about the mechanisms of disease and human development," Melton says. (nih.gov)
  • Using nuclear transfer to produce stem cells could be particularly useful for testing drugs for disorders that are of genetic origin. (ijpsr.com)
  • Organic chemists don't have many ways to stitch complicated molecules together, says Jeffrey Bode, 34, who has discovered a new method that could prove a boon for producing expensive peptide-based drugs such as insulin and human growth hormone. (discovermagazine.com)
  • In the future, thousands of Compounds could be quickly tested on a wide assortment of cell types derived from stem cells, making drug discovery more efficient and cost effective. (ijpsr.com)
  • Stem cells have two important characteristics that distinguish them from other types of cells. (ijpsr.com)
  • an-tee-OCK-si-duhnt) A natural or human-made substance that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage. (nih.gov)
  • Miami, Florida - The International Society for Stem Cell Applications (ISSCA) is thrilled to announce the launch of its newest program, the Advanced Turkish Hair Transplant Certification. (stemcellslab.net)
  • These data suggest that Drosophila cSPH35 and cSPH242 are components of a cofactor for MP2-mediated PPO1 activation, which are indispensable for early melanization in adults. (bvsalud.org)
  • I would say this is a step toward eventually developing a treatment for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, in that both conditions have a deficiency in the insulin-producing beta cell," Melton says. (nih.gov)
  • To reduce their toxicity to host cells, POs are produced as prophenoloxidases (PPOs) and activated by a serine protease cascade as required. (bvsalud.org)
  • Miami, Florida - Global Stem Cells Group (GSCG) is thrilled to announce the grand opening of its latest state-of-the-art Stem Cell Center, located in Jakarta, Indonesia. (stemcellslab.net)
  • The body and many foods, including fruits and vegetables, naturally produce antioxidants. (nih.gov)
  • ap-uhp-TOH-sis) A process in which cells in the body die in a controlled and predictable way because they have DNA damage or are not needed. (nih.gov)
  • AG-uh-nist) A molecule that binds to a receptor in a cell to trigger a response, such as muscle contraction or hormone release. (nih.gov)
  • Trailing edge-enriched Fat2 concentrates both Lar and Semaphorin5c at leading edges of cells, but Lar and Semaphorin5c play little role in the localization of Fat2. (bvsalud.org)