As well, the multisubunit protein replication factor C, through its role as the clamp loader for PCNA (which involves catalysing the loading of PCNA on to DNA) is important for DNA Pol δ function. (wikipedia.org)
This switch is mediated by mono-ubiquitination of the processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). (uni-konstanz.de)
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, commonly known as PCNA, is a protein that acts as a processivity factor for DNA polymerase in eukaryotic cells. (abbkine.com)
PCNA was originally identified as an antigen that is expressed in the nuclei of cells during the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle. (abbkine.com)
Like other sliding clamps, PCNA slides along DNA and acts as a molecular tether that increases the processivity of various DNA-acting enzymes. (umassmed.edu)
A potential structural relationship is suggested between the beta subunit and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, the eukaryotic polymerase delta [and epsilon] processivity factor), and the gene 45 protein of the bacteriophage T4DNA polymerase. (genesilico.pl)
PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types. (lookformedical.com)
In eukaryotes, DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) bound to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) replicates the lagging strand and cooperates with flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) to process the Okazaki fragments for their ligation. (nature.com)
However, how eukaryotic Pol δ achieves processive DNA synthesis and how it cooperates with PCNA and other factors during Okazaki fragment processing remains unknown. (nature.com)
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an essential gene to numerous tumor-dysregulated processes including DNA replication and repair. (purdue.edu)
Conventional wisdom would prohibit targeting PCNA due to its status as an essential gene, as directly antagonizing it would cause toxic effects in healthy cells. (purdue.edu)
However, multiple groups have created small molecule antagonists capable of targeting PCNA without affecting normal cells. (purdue.edu)
The eukaryotic DNA polymerase sliding clamp, proliferating cell nuclear antigen or PCNA, is a ring-shaped protein complex that surrounds DNA to act as a sliding platform for increasing processivity of cellular replicases and for coordinating various cellular pathways with DNA replication. (rcsb.org)
PCNA is a nuclear protein whose appearance correlates with the proliferative state of the cells and is a cofactor of DNA polymerase delta. (rockland.com)
PCNA is a homotrimer and helps increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. (rockland.com)
In vitro and in vivo p300 forms a complex with PCNA that does not depend on the S phase of the cell cycle and stimulates DNA synthesis in vitro (1). (rockland.com)
PCNA interacts with the Williams syndrome transcription factor (WSTF) allowing it to target to DNA replication foci, that then allows recruitment of SNF2H (2). (rockland.com)
PCNA Protein is ideal for investigators involved in Signaling Proteins, Acetyl/Methyltransferase Proteins, Cancer, Cell Cycle, ERK/MAPK Pathway, and WNT Signaling research. (rockland.com)
Recombinant full-length human PCNA was expressed by E. coli cells using an N-Terminal his epitope. (rockland.com)
Protein8
Escherichia coli is a host bacterium widely used for the production of recombinant proteins, is the cell factory of choice for in vitro studies of phage protein function. (bvsalud.org)
DNA is wrapped into a DNA-protein complex called chromatin in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. (cloudfront.net)
The determination of the structure of the processivity factor (beta subunit) of Escherichia coliDNA polymerase III holoenzyme showed that this protein acts to clamp the polymerase onto DNA by forming a closed circular structure that can encircle duplex DNA (X.-P. Kong, R. Onrust, M. O'Donnell & J. Kuriyan. (neb.com)
The simple repeating pattern of the chain fold allows a connection to be made to the as yet unknown structures of eukaryotic proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the gene 45 protein of bacteriophage T4, which are the processivity factors of the corresponding DNA polymerases. (neb.com)
Although initially discovered as a retinoblastoma binding protein it has an affinity for core HISTONES and is a subunit of chromatin assembly factor-1 and polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
I sought to use a network approach to leverage differential gene expression (DGE), gene ontology (GO) terms, and protein-protein interactions (PPI) data to determine synergistic drug combinations in cancer cell lines with disparate DDR backgrounds. (purdue.edu)
A basic cerebrospinal examination exposed no abnormalities (protein 0.24 g/l, glucose 3.68 mmol/l, lactate 1.5 mmol/l, erythrocyte count 1106/l, cell-count 1106/l, albumin 144 g/l, no intrathecal NU 6102 production of antibodies). (onlycoloncancer.com)
Nascent Transcriptomics Reveal Cellular Prolytic Factors Upregulated Upstream of the Latent-to-Lytic Switch Protein of Epstein-Barr Virus. (ufl.edu)
Cyclin1
This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Subunit1
The crystal structure of the beta subunit (processivity factor) of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme has been determined at 2.5 A resolution. (genesilico.pl)
Gene2
novel mutations in sh2d1a gene in x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, diagnosed after b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma. (liverpool.ac.uk)
x-linked lymphoproliferative disease type i (xlp i) is caused by mutations in the sh2d1a gene and characterized mainly by hypogammaglobulinemia and abnormal response to epstein-barr virus with a high predisposition to b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma development. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Pathways5
[7] The complex cell signaling pathways of multicellular organisms such as plants and humans can make understanding the mechanisms of this inherited process very difficult. (cloudfront.net)
DNA replication and overall genomic stability are negatively impacted by rapid cell proliferation and is mitigated by dysregulation of DNA damage repair (DDR) and apoptosis pathways. (purdue.edu)
This work resulted in three defined classes that are separated by their effects on general DNA damage induction, selective inhibition of DDR pathways, and DNA replication processivity. (purdue.edu)
In this review, we highlight that many of the key regulatory pathways of the cell are recruited by motifs and that the ease of motif acquisition has resulted in large networks of co-regulated biomolecules. (biomedcentral.com)
RNA-seq transcriptome evaluation coupled with qRT-PCR research evaluating NEK1 KO cells with NEK1 overexpressing cells revealed that the expression of genes concerned in DNA restore pathways, similar to base excision restore, nucleotide excision restore, and double-strand break restore, are altered in a means which may affect genotoxin resistance. (mitoproteins.org)
The results allowed comparison of replication timing between polytene chromosomes in salivary glands and chromosomes from cultured diploid cell lines and to observe a substantial similarity in the global replication patterns at the band resolution level. (sdbonline.org)
A critical role of nuclear m6A reader YTHDC1 in leukemogenesis by regulating MCM complex-mediated DNA replication. (ufl.edu)
Proteins5
and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
Small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kD) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the DNA in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. (lookformedical.com)
A substantial portion of the regulatory interactions in the higher eukaryotic cell are mediated by simple sequence motifs in the regulatory segments of genes and (pre-)mRNAs, and in the intrinsically disordered regions of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular2
Some of our experiments are designed to explore how EBV disturbs and exploits cellular physiology to drive unscheduled cell proliferation, a central feature of cancer. (ufl.edu)
while this machinery was originally identified by its ability to allow cells to survive starvation via lysosomal degradation to recycle cellular components, it has recently become apparent that it also is used by cells to secrete cytoplasmic constituents. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Species1
Mitochondrial functionalities have been additionally altered in NEK1 KO cells, with phenotypes of diminished mitophagy, elevated whole mitochondria, elevated ranges of reactive oxygen species, impaired advanced I exercise, and better quantities of mitochondrial DNA harm. (mitoproteins.org)
Genome2
It achieves this processivity by encircling the DNA, thus creating a topological link to the genome. (abbkine.com)
To ensure precise genome duplication, cells utilize a network of factors that copy, surveil, and repair DNA. (umassmed.edu)
It has been previously found that (S)-4-[6-(purin-6-yl)aminohexanoyl]-7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine (compound 1) exhibits selective anti-herpesvirus activity against HSV-1 in cell culture, including acyclovir-resistant mutants, so we consider it as a lead compound. (bvsalud.org)
Proliferation2
Rapid proliferation inherently produces stress on metabolic systems, but also on the limiting macromolecule to cell proliferation: DNA. (purdue.edu)
chronic myeloid leukemia (cml) is characterized by increased and unregulated proliferation of granulocytic lineage in the bone marrow and presence of these immature myeloid cells in the peripheral blood with presence of philadelphia (ph) chromosome. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Regulation2
The ease of motif acquisition simplifies access to basal housekeeping functions, facilitates the co-regulation of multiple biomolecules allowing them to respond in a coordinated manner to changes in the cell state, and supports the integration of multiple signals for combinatorial decision-making. (biomedcentral.com)
Present address: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. (biologists.com)
Collectively, our research underline and additional help that NEK1 serves as a hub signaling kinase in response to DNA harm, modulating DNA restore capability, mitochondrial exercise and cell destiny willpower. (mitoproteins.org)
Extent1
We aimed to guage the extent of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in sufferers with AF and AF mimicking fashions, and to light up its impression on irritation. (mitoproteins.org)
Regulates1
Together with dynactin, dynein regulates centrosomal orientation to establish and maintain cell polarity, controls focal adhesion turnover and anchors microtubules at the leading edge. (biologists.com)
Loads1
comparison of the artus epstein-barr virus (ebv) pcr kit and the abbott realtime ebv assay for measuring plasma ebv dna loads in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Establish1
the protocol that is widely used to establish lcls involves peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolation by density gradient centrifugation, however, that method requires as much as 5 ml of peripheral blood. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Essential1
ebv reactivation in latently infected b cells is essential for persistent infection whereby b cell receptor (bcr) activation is a physiologically relevant stimulus. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Blood2
efficient and reliable establishment of lymphoblastoid cell lines by epstein-barr virus transformation from a limited amount of peripheral blood. (liverpool.ac.uk)
to determine the average age of ms onset vs the age at which epstein-barr infection has previously occurred and stratify this analysis by sex and the blood level of epstein-barr nuclear antigen 1 (ebna1) antibody. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Lines1
lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) transformed by epstein-barr virus (ebv) serve as an unlimited resource of human genomic dna. (liverpool.ac.uk)
State1
The outcome of this decision-making process is cell state dependent and, consequently, requires the integration of vast amounts of information that is encoded in the local abundance and functional state of a multitude of biomolecules acting as cell state sensors and transmitters. (biomedcentral.com)