Processes underlying sound localization and spatial. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is important that sort key 2 be used for the high priority (event and cue) sounds so that new cues are heard even when the X3D browser is "full" of currently active high priority sounds. (web3d.org)
We addressed this question by examining SIFIs under conditions in which the spatial reliability of the visual stimuli was degraded and different sound localization cues were presented using either free-field or closed-field stimulation. (ox.ac.uk)
The likelihood of reporting a SIFI varied with the spatial cue composition of the auditory stimulus and was highest when binaural cues were presented over headphones. (ox.ac.uk)
Such information is contained in an acoustic filter known as the head-related transfer function, which includes both interaural (different between the two ears) and spectral (i.e., the same at both ears) localisation cues ( Blauert, 1983 ). (frontiersin.org)
Our two-eared auditory system is precisely oriented for using specific cues that allow us to localize sound, and we use a two-ear input system to make that happen. (audiologyonline.com)

Pulses of increasing duration elicit responses in the pattern recognition neurons, which do not parallel the behavioral responses and indicate additional processing mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
Here, a computational model is introduced, examining the neural mechanisms underlying these effects. (bvsalud.org)
In the long term, we are interested, in particular, in addressing models of synaptic plasticity, i.e. activity dependent mechanisms, which are the bases of memory and learning processes. (biomedcentral.com)
To understand the underlying mechanisms of this generalization of stimulus attributes, we have examined the cellular properties of avian wide-field tectal neurons that are sensitive to a variety of moving stimuli but not to static stationary stimuli. (nature.com)
This includes studying mechanisms of attention, speech processing, and higher-order cognition related to executive function. (einsteinmed.edu)
Originally trained as a cognitive psychologist specializing in language, Marks has devoted most of his scientific career to elucidating human sensory and perceptual processes, including mechanisms of multisensory integration and interactions of sensory with cognitive processes in the coding and representation of perceptual information. (jbpierce.org)
Our results support the existence of an auditory pursuit system (APS), and we discuss its implications for the neural mechanisms that represent and track moving sounds. (eneuro.org)
Sound-motion perception has typically been studied with the head stationary, inspired by studies of visual-motion mechanisms. (eneuro.org)
An unresolved issue is whether moving sounds are processed by neural mechanisms tuned to continuous motion, or by a snapshot position-localization mechanism. (eneuro.org)
His research activities reach into many areas of the Neurosciences ranging from the molecular mechanisms of neuronal fate determination to the circuitry underlying behaviour. (humboldt-foundation.de)
However, mechanisms underlying facilitation and suppression differed between sighted and early blind individuals. (rdworldonline.com)

Simultaneously, the model perceptually underestimates the spatial separation between stimuli, thereby reproducing the cutaneous rabbit illusion and the tau effect. (wikipedia.org)
This indeed occurs in the tau effect, when the spatial separation between stimuli is constant and the temporal separation is varied. (wikipedia.org)
The sound-induced flash illusion (SIFI) is a multisensory perceptual phenomenon in which the number of brief visual stimuli perceived by an observer is influenced by the number of concurrently presented sounds. (ox.ac.uk)
While the strength of this illusion has been shown to be modulated by the temporal congruence of the stimuli from each modality, there is conflicting evidence regarding its dependence upon their spatial congruence. (ox.ac.uk)
However, the SIFI was not dependent on the spatial proximity of the audiovisual stimuli, but was instead determined primarily by differences in subjects' underlying sensitivity across the visual field to the number of flashes presented. (ox.ac.uk)
Our findings indicate that the influence of auditory stimulation on visual numerosity judgments can occur independently of the spatial relationship between the stimuli. (ox.ac.uk)
The ability to selectively attend to one of multiple simultaneous sensory stimuli is very flexible, allowing attention to be directed to various spatial or non-spatial features of a source. (frontiersin.org)
It has been well established that external sensory stimuli is necessary for proper circuit development and refinement, but the intracellular mechanism(s) underlying this type of plasticity are not understood. (uwyo.edu)
The impacts of myelin and demyelination are particularly evident in the auditory system, where precise coding and maintenance of timing information of sound stimuli are critical for normal auditory tasks, including spatial hearing and sound localization 6 . (biorxiv.org)
The process whereby auditory stimuli are selected, organized, and interpreted by the organism. (lookformedical.com)

Psychophysical experiments explored how the repeated presentation of a context, consisting of an adaptor and a target, induces plasticity in the localization of an identical target presented alone on interleaved trials. (bvsalud.org)
One focus of my lab examines the plasticity of cognitive processes i.e. how our environment and experiences can affect cognitive performance. (uwyo.edu)

However, relatively little is known about the neural circuitry controlling attention directed to non-spatial features, or to auditory objects or features (either spatial or non-spatial). (frontiersin.org)
Motivated by the need to address some aspects of the functioning of neural synapses, we have developed one such model for synaptic processes in the calyx of Held , which is a glutamatergic synapse in the auditory pathway of the mammalia. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we applied a frequency-tagging method to isolate the top-down process of speech mental imagery from bottom-up sensory-driven activities and concurrently tracked the neural processing time scales corresponding to the two processes in human subjects. (elifesciences.org)
Neuronal information processing is shaped by multiscale oscillatory activity ( Buzsáki and Draguhn, 2004 ), in which subjective experience in consciousness involves ongoing neural dynamics on the time scale of hundreds of milliseconds ( Dehaene and Changeux, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
I am interested in the functional development of neural circuits and how sensory input regulates this process. (uwyo.edu)
Neuroethological approach to information processing in the vertebrate auditory system, using behavioral, psychophysical, neurophysiological and neuroanatomical approaches to unravel the neural substrates for sound localization, echolocation and recognition of communication signals. (uwyo.edu)
In the same vein, we propose a different model for learning in recurrent neural networks (RNNs), known as McCulloch-Pitts processes. (rctn.org)
Models of neural computation are attempts to elucidate, in an abstract and mathematical fashion, the core principles that underlie information processing in biological nervous systems, or functional components thereof. (en-academic.com)
The rate of information processing in biological neural systems are constrained by the speed at which an action potential can propagate down a nerve fibre. (en-academic.com)
It is therefore plausible that STP might serve as a neural substrate for processing of temporal information on the relevant time scales. (scholarpedia.org)
In a large-size network, STP can greatly enrich the network's dynamical behaviors, endowing the neural system with information processing capacities that would be difficult to implement using static connections. (scholarpedia.org)
Taken together, our data support the existence of a pursuit system for auditory head-tracking, which would suggest the presence of a neural representation of a spatial auditory fovea (AF). (eneuro.org)
Studies suggest a prioritization in the neural processing of looming sounds. (bvsalud.org)
2002), in a human study using brain imaging techniques, obtained results that suggest that looming sounds preferentially activate a wide neural network related to attention and motor responses. (bvsalud.org)
Using electroencephalography allowing high temporal resolution observation of neural activity in healthy human subjects, we observed signals associated with shape-selective processing before one fifth of a second following stimulus onset, originating from occipitotemporal brain regions. (rdworldonline.com)
This temporal and spatial dissociation of shape- and category-specific attributes of visual objects contributes to our understanding of the neural processing disrupted in neurological disorders including semantic dementia and the sequelae of stroke. (rdworldonline.com)

My curiosity lies in the fundamental processes that govern how the human brain processes and integrates sensory inputs to influence perception and behavior. (einsteinmed.edu)
However, chronometric TMS produces nonspecific effects that may impact behavior, and furthermore, the time-course of any given process is a product of both the involved processing stages along with individual variation in the duration of each stage. (mpi.nl)

Numerical evaluations based on spectral magnitude error and perceptual model outputs are presented on single spatial dimensions, therefore considering sources positioned only in one of the three main planes: Horizontal, median, and frontal. (frontiersin.org)
Corrigendum : Perceptual factors contribute more than acoustic factors to sound localization abilities with virtual sources", Frontiers in Neuroscience 10 : 363. (cnrs-mrs.fr)
Such a preconception could be, for example, to say: pitch is the perceptual correlate of the periodicity of a sound wave. (romainbrette.fr)
A very distinct property of pitch is that changing the frequency of the tone, i.e., the temporal structure of the sound wave, does not produce a perceptual change along a temporal dimension. (romainbrette.fr)

Multisensory perception reflects individual differences in processing temporal correlations. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Moreover, the response of the feature detector neuron LN4 is shaped by a combination of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs, and LN4 responds even to long sound pulses with a short depolarization and burst of spikes, like to a sound pulse of natural duration. (bvsalud.org)
Our model overcomes some limitations of the kinetic ones and, to our knowledge, represents the first model of synaptic processes based on process calculi. (biomedcentral.com)
STD is caused by depletion of neurotransmitters consumed during the synaptic signaling process at the axon terminal of a pre-synaptic neuron, whereas STF is caused by influx of calcium into the axon terminal after spike generation, which increases the release probability of neurotransmitters. (scholarpedia.org)

My research interests are focused around spatial cognition and individual differences in executive function, memory and working memory. (uwyo.edu)

Headphones-based spatial audio simulations rely on Head-related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) in order to reconstruct the sound field at the entrance of the listener's ears. (frontiersin.org)
The binaural spatialisation technique attempts to recreate the soundfield incident at the two ear canals using a simple pair of headphones, by taking into account how the sound wave is affected by the head, ears, and torso. (frontiersin.org)
Spatial hearing, or having two ears, is very important to us. (audiologyonline.com)
So far, I have focused on an ecological description of sound, that is, how sounds appear from the perspective of an organism in its environment: the structure of sound waves captured by the ears in relationship with the sound-producing object, and the structure of interaction with sounds. (romainbrette.fr)
Experiencing transient ringing in the ears is common, but for many this buzzing sound, called "tinnitus", is a constant presence. (rdworldonline.com)

Traditionally, spatial up-sampling of HRTF sets is achieved through barycentric interpolation or by employing the spherical harmonics framework. (frontiersin.org)
First, you lose the ability to have spatial hearing, or what we traditionally think of as localization in the horizontal plane. (audiologyonline.com)

The ventriloquism aftereffect (VAE), observed as a shift in the perceived locations of sounds after audio-visual stimulation, requires reference frame (RF) alignment since hearing and vision encode space in different RFs (head-centered vs. eye-centered). (bvsalud.org)
Audio-visual synchrony and spatial attention enhance processing of dynamic visual stimulation independently and in parallel: A frequency-tagging study. (uni-bielefeld.de)

This conduction velocity ranges from 1 m/s to over 100 m/s, and generally increases with the diameter of the neuronal process. (en-academic.com)
He intends to eventually relate this process to genes, modulator molecules and neuronal circuitry. (humboldt-foundation.de)

Luksch, H., Karten, H.J., Kleinfeld, D. & Wessel, R. Chattering and differential signal processing in identified motion sensitive neurons of parallel visual pathways in chick tectum. (nature.com)

One area in which my research has led to significant discoveries is in the field of multisensory integration, demonstrating how the brain combines inputs from different sensory systems, how this process evolves across development, and how impaired multisensory integration contributes to autism. (einsteinmed.edu)

The auditory system of female crickets allows them to specifically recognize and approach the species-specific male calling song, defined by sound pulses and silent intervals. (bvsalud.org)
Inspired by the visual ocular smooth-pursuit system, several studies have used eye movements to track moving sounds, but obtained poor pursuit performance, which led to the idea that the auditory system lacks sensitivity to sound velocity. (eneuro.org)
It is one of the more qualitative features of the auditory system that allows us to be able to identify both near and distant sounds, as well as those that occur 360 degrees around our head. (audiologyonline.com)

In order to create a linear decrease in loudness as the viewer moves from the inner to the outer ellipsoid of the sound, the attenuation shall be based on a linear decibel ramp. (web3d.org)
Using this technique, the loudness of the sound is modified by the intensity field value, then distance attenuation to obtain the unspatialized audio output. (web3d.org)
In the same way, if one hits a piano key, the loudness of the sound decreases. (romainbrette.fr)
Another very salient point is that when the loudness of the sound of the piano key decreases, the pitch does not seem to change. (romainbrette.fr)

The cortical network deployed during spatial attention, especially in vision, is well characterized. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we contrast whole-brain activity during spatial and non-spatial auditory attention tasks, asking whether different cortical areas participate when listeners attend to location versus pitch. (frontiersin.org)
Albright, T.D. Cortical processing of visual motion. (nature.com)

More on the computer science side, we plan to follow some directions to improve the underlying computational model and the linguistic primitives it provides as suggested by the experiments carried out, e.g. by introducing a suitable notion of (spatial) locality. (biomedcentral.com)

The latter has led me to additional avenues of research focused on neurooscillatory dysfunction and predictive processing, aimed at further understanding autism. (einsteinmed.edu)
Moreover, complementing previous research, we show that predictive language processing occurs across the whole probability spectrum. (mpi.nl)

If observers interpret rapid stimulus sequences in light of an expectation regarding velocity, then it would be expected that not only temporal, but also spatial illusions would result. (wikipedia.org)

Attenuation characteristics may be further modified by AcousticProperties in the Shape component describing reflection, refraction and absorption that affect sound-propagation interactions with surrounding geometry. (web3d.org)
Sound-propagation techniques can be used to simulate sound waves as they travel from each source to scene listening points by taking into account the expected interactions with various objects in the scene. (web3d.org)
Multisensory auditory-visual interactions during early sensory processing in humans: a high-density electrical mapping study. (einsteinmed.edu)

We here demonstrate accurate head-pursuit of sounds, moving along unpredictable trajectories in the horizontal plane. (eneuro.org)

I. Localization of low-frequency sounds in free field", Hearing Research 255, 142-154. (cnrs-mrs.fr)
This mechanism functions even for unpredictable sound-motion trajectories endowed with fixed, but covert, frequency characteristics in open-loop tracking conditions. (eneuro.org)
First of all, a pure tone feels like a constant sound, unlike a tone modulated at low frequency (say, a few Hz). (romainbrette.fr)
In fact the confusion is related to the octave similarity: if two notes are played on a piano, differing by an octave (which corresponds to doubling the frequency), they sound very similar. (romainbrette.fr)
The graphic registration of the frequency and intensity of sounds, such as speech, infant crying, and animal vocalizations. (lookformedical.com)

Visual sensitivity is a stronger determinant of illusory processes than auditory cue parameters in the sound-induced flash illusion. (ox.ac.uk)

In this case, the observer decreases the judgment of spatial separation as temporal separation decreases, and vice versa. (wikipedia.org)

The neuroanatomical substrate of sound duration discrimination", Neuropsychologia 40, 1956-1964. (cnrs-mrs.fr)

The basic model version assumes that the auditory spatial map is head-centered and the visual signals are converted to head-centered frame prior to inducing the adaptation. (bvsalud.org)
This process requires that we perform and perceive complex signals, and we are only beginning to understand how those signals are processed in the central nervous system. (uwyo.edu)

Spatial audio simulations allow listeners to perceive sounds as if they were coming from particular locations in the surrounding space. (frontiersin.org)
Mental process to visually perceive a critical number of facts (the pattern), such as characters, shapes, displays, or designs. (lookformedical.com)

During ongoing long sound pulses, the delay-line neuron LN5 shows additional rebound responses and the coincidence detector neuron LN3 can generate additional bursts of activity, indicating that these may be driven by intrinsic oscillations of the network. (bvsalud.org)
Previous studies have indicated that, although ocular localization responses to stationary sounds are quite accurate, ocular smooth pursuit of moving sounds is very poor. (eneuro.org)

Quantifying expectation modulation in human speech processing. (mpi.nl)
Auditory azimuthal localization performance in water as a function of prior exposure", Human Factors 56, 772-783. (cnrs-mrs.fr)
Human auditory localisation in a distorted environment : water", Acta Acustica united with Acustica 95, 128-141. (cnrs-mrs.fr)
Although moving sound-sources abound in natural auditory scenes, it is not clear how the human brain processes auditory motion. (eneuro.org)
In the adult human brain, language processing recruits a fronto-temporal network (e.g. (biorxiv.org)

Our results show that listeners anticipate auditory input while processing each word in naturalistic speech. (mpi.nl)
In this paper we develop and validate a new information-theoretic measure that quantifies the mismatch between expected and observed auditory input during speech processing. (mpi.nl)
We argue that such a mismatch measure is useful for the study of speech processing. (mpi.nl)
My research activities focus on spatial hearing and detection-in-noise abilities in normal-hearing adults for non-speech sounds. (cnrs-mrs.fr)
In Speech, Sound and Music Processing : embracing research in India, Lecture Notes in Computer Science , Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 146-171. (cnrs-mrs.fr)
This is the time scale of many processes that occur in daily life, for example motor control, speech recognition and working memory . (scholarpedia.org)

The process whereby an utterance is decoded into a representation in terms of linguistic units (sequences of phonetic segments which combine to form lexical and grammatical morphemes). (lookformedical.com)

Auditory efferents facilitate sound localization in noise in humans", Journal of Neuroscience 31, 6759-6753. (cnrs-mrs.fr)

Long sound pulses elicit rhythmic rebound activity and additional bursts, whereas the feature detector neuron reveals a pulse duration filter, expanding our understanding of the pattern recognition process. (bvsalud.org)
Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system. (lookformedical.com)

A promising approach is represented by the study of biological phenomena as a collection of interactive entities through process calculi equipped with stochastic semantics. (biomedcentral.com)
During the last decades, the development of high-throughput technologies has produced a huge amount of information in the field of neurobiology, requiring the utilization of mathematical modeling to describe the complex dynamics of biological processes and stimulating new collaborations among biologists, physicists and computer scientists [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

For charts, his file contributes generally stopped a good creating reliability for the symplectic cylinder of processed managers of the movement, optic as Henry Rosovsky enjoyed with Japan, and systems, now. (plywoodskyscraper.com)

Albright, T.D. Form-cue invariant motion processing in primate visual cortex. (nature.com)

We therefore argue that left FEF participates more strongly in directing auditory spatial attention, while the left STS aids auditory object selection based on the non-spatial acoustic feature of pitch. (frontiersin.org)
However, we know little about how much selective attention processes are conserved across sensory modalities, or how different areas of the brain are differentially engaged depending on the feature being attended. (frontiersin.org)
However, non-spatial attention engages additional areas beyond those involved in spatial attention. (frontiersin.org)
Selective attention is a fundamental aspect of cognitive control, allowing us to efficiently process goal-relevant information while suppressing irrelevant distractions in noisy real world environments. (jneurosci.org)
The present study investigated the effect of a warning sound on the speed of response to a subsequent target sound (Experiment 1) and a possible influence of this type of cue sound on the auditory orientation of attention (Experiment 2). (bvsalud.org)
There was no significant effect of the cue sound on auditory attention orientation. (bvsalud.org)
Learning disorders involve impairments or difficulties in concentration or attention, language development, or visual and aural information processing. (msdmanuals.com)

A HRTF is strongly dependent on the listener's specific anatomical structures, and it has been shown that virtual sounds recreated with someone else's HRTF result in worse localisation accuracy, as well as altering other subjective measures such as externalisation and realism. (frontiersin.org)
I now want to describe subjective experience of sounds in the same way, without preconceptions about what it might be. (romainbrette.fr)

In addition to playing inputs from prerecorded sound files, capabilities are provided for computational audio generation, microphones, and virtual listening points. (web3d.org)
Therefore most inputs irrelevant to our current goals and needs should be suppressed while processing of the important information facilitated. (rdworldonline.com)

Maier and Ghazanfar (2007), in a rhesus monkey neurophysiological study, suggested that looming sounds can asymmetricaly activate the lateral belt auditory cortex and showed that auditory cortex activity was biased in magnitude toward looming versus receding sounds. (bvsalud.org)
After acute injury in muscle of both mouse and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (used as alternative in vivo model) this study found that RACK1 accumulated in regenerating fibers while it declined with the progression of repair process. (sdbonline.org)
Moreover, they were found to be located in important protein domains, the proteins playing a role in the lipid metabolic and striated muscle contraction processes therefore, they were selected for the association study determining their effect on pig bypass fortnite hwid ban took a weekend class in August with George and had a fantastic time. (mcm.ch)

When the temporal separation was constant and the spatial separation between the dots varied, they observed the kappa effect, which follows the constant velocity hypothesis. (wikipedia.org)
However, when both the temporal and spatial separation between the dots varied, they failed to observe the response pattern that the constant velocity hypothesis predicts. (wikipedia.org)

My work involves characterizing these processes in healthy adults and tracking their developmental course over childhood. (einsteinmed.edu)

However, auditory scenes typically contain moving sounds, and subjects may move actively or passively through the environment. (eneuro.org)

Overall, the results illustrate that sound localization is subject to slow adaptive processes that depend on the spatial and temporal structure of the context and on the level of reverberation in the environment. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy17

Organisms9

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Psychiatry and Psychology17

Phenomena and Processes25

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Health Care1

Cues5

Mechanisms11

Stimuli10

Plasticity2

Neural16

Behavior2

Perceptual4

Perception1

Synaptic3

Individual differences1

Ears5

Traditionally2

Stimulation2

Neuronal2

Neurons1

Multisensory integration1

Auditory system3

Loudness4

Cortical3

Computational model1

Predictive2

Illusions1

Interactions3

Horizontal plane1

Frequency5

Sensitivity1

Decreases1

Neuroanatomical1

Signals2

Perceive2

Responses2

Human5

Speech6

Representation1

Humans1

Elicit2

Biological2

Reliability1

Visual cortex1

Attention7

Subjective2

Inputs2

Study3

Separation2

Developmental1

Scenes1

Temporal structure1