• As noted by Fitch (2000): "Life would have been simple if phylogenetic homology necessarily implied structural homology or either of them had necessarily implied functional homology. (blogspot.com)
  • The course includes a series of biophysical research-related topics including practical introductions to the software tools available for the visualization and modeling of biomolecular structures and the bioinformatic analysis of biomolecular sequence and structural homology. (columbia.edu)
  • More advanced minicourses will cover such topics as Heegaard-Floer homology, knots and BPS states, characteristic classes for manifold bundles, BPS states and spectral networks, Higgs bundles, and applications of Floer homology. (ias.edu)
  • Among the main topics were new global results on the Reeb dynamics on 3 -manifolds, KAM theory in finite and infinite dimensions, as well as new developments in Floer homology and its applications. (ems.press)
  • Prediction of the 3D structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence remains a fundamental scientific problem, and it is considered as one of the grand challenges in computational biology. (unibas.ch)
  • To provide models based on sequence homology to significantly extend the coverage of structure space. (nih.gov)
  • Studies suggested that there was molecular mimicry - partial sequence homology - between outer surface protein A (OspA) of the spirochete and a host protein called LFA-1, and it was proposed that this was perhaps the reason for post-infectious antibiotic refractory Lyme arthritis. (harvard.edu)
  • Before the emergence of cladistics as a school, Joseph Henry Woodger criticized phylogenetic systematics on the grounds that homology by way of common ancestry is "putting the cart before the horse, because descent from a common ancestor is something assumed, not observed. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Genealogical World of Phylogenetic Networks: Do we need more terms for homology? (blogspot.com)
  • Given this phylogenetic distance, if cuttlefish and western scrub jays share the capacity for episodic-like memory, this cognitive trait may have evolved independently in these two taxa as a common solution to similar ecological problems. (edu.au)
  • Hecht M. K. (1989), «Development, trends and phylogenetic inference», in: B. David (ed. (folium.ru)
  • Similarly, homology of two anatomical features does not necessarily imply that their developmental sequences are homologous. (blogspot.com)
  • Anatomical homologies - Throughout the domains of life, organisms show a distinct pattern of constraints based on homology in the development and construction of the body. (rationalwiki.org)
  • The scientific interests of his Group include the use of computational biology tools to solve research problems in the post-genomic era. (icgeb.res.in)
  • The hopes in these documents are that a bioinformatics effort should cover a large part of the computational biology area, with islands of specific problem domains and very little discussion on how to coordinate a computational biology effort. (lu.se)
  • The first 18 months into the SWEGENE project, the fourth main effort within SWEGENE, bioinformatics, has not produced a proposal on how to meet the needs of the current bio- logical problem domain, or how they should advance into the near, and long term, future research areas within computational biology. (lu.se)
  • Developmental biologists therefore often prefer a process-oriented concept of homology, which they call 'biological homology', where homologous features are those sharing a set of developmental constraints (Wagner 1989). (blogspot.com)
  • This FOA encourages applications to establish partnerships between researchers interested in a biological problem of significant scope and researchers providing high-throughput structure determination capabilities through the NIGMS PSI:Biology network. (nih.gov)
  • Applicants to this FOA should propose work to solve a substantial biological problem for which the determination of many protein structures is necessary. (nih.gov)
  • Homology is a concept that is fundamental to biological studies, and yet it is difficult to define. (blogspot.com)
  • Development of biological databases and algorithms. (icgeb.res.in)
  • Data are presented on the complete homology of all known human neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in zebrafish and on the biological similarity of human and zebrafish dopaminergic signaling. (elsevierpure.com)
  • His work in theoretical biology is focused on conceptual and mathematical issues, such as the problem of defining biological characters in development and evolution, the homology problem, and the theory of epistatic and epigenetic effects. (diaphanes.com)
  • In this paper the origin of polydactylous limbs in oldest tetrapods and the digit homology are discussed using new developmental data. (folium.ru)
  • Hinchliffe J. R. (1991), «Developmental approaches to the problem of transformation of limb structure in evolution», J. R. Hinchliffe, J. M. Hurle, and D. Summerbell (eds. (folium.ru)
  • This conserved state screams common ancestry, and the field of evolutionary development has expanded our knowledge of developmental genes and their consequent embryo ontogeny to amazing levels of detail, all thanks to acknowledging common descent. (rationalwiki.org)
  • In evolutionary developmental biology Dr Laubichler is interested in problems of phenotypic evolution focusing on social insects as a model system. (diaphanes.com)
  • The SWISS-MODEL expert system developed by our group is a fully automated web-based workbench, which greatly facilitates the process of computing of protein structure homology models. (unibas.ch)
  • The main interest of our group is the development of methods and algorithms for molecular modeling and simulations of three-dimensional protein structures and their interactions. (unibas.ch)
  • Topics covered will include high-throughput assay development, screening, chemical library creation, high-throughput chemistry, affinity purification of target proteins and target validation, protein microarrays, molecular evolution, protein engineering and synthetic biology. (columbia.edu)
  • Although with little evidence at the molecular and cellular levels, high-dose tranylcypromine may cause brain damage and inhibit brain development ( 25 - 27 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The methods used included green fluorescent protein-labeled proteins to track in vivo nicotine-altered neuron development, nicotine-conditioned place preference, and locomotive sensitization linked with high-throughput molecular and genetic screens and behavioral models of learning and stress response to nicotine. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The modern approaches to computing algebraic $K$-groups step through equivariant commutative ring spectra via the natural \(S^1\)-action on topological Hochschild homology. (birs.ca)
  • Algebraic Topology is that branch of Mathematics which uses the algebra to study topological problems. (helpwithassignment.com)
  • We analyzed the pattern of limb development and morphology in Salamandrella keyserlingii and Ranodon sibiricus in comparison with limb skeleton of ancient tetrapods and their fish ancestors. (folium.ru)
  • Hinchliffe J. R. and Johnson D. R. (1980), The Development of the Vertebrate Limb , Oxford Univ. (folium.ru)
  • Biologists Neil Shubin and Igor Schneider have swapped genes which regulate limb and fin development between living fish and mice. (answersingenesis.org)
  • In the mice, fish regulators were able to switch on limb development. (answersingenesis.org)
  • The team concluded that a common ancestor from Tiktaalik's time evolved the needed genes for limb development and passed them down through the ages. (answersingenesis.org)
  • Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of sixth toes in the development of Ranodon specimen, which is comparable with additional preaxial digits in some Devonian tetrapods such as Ichthyostega , Acanthostega , and Tulerpeton . (folium.ru)
  • This phenomenon can be considered as a variant of development connected with the more complete realization of the morphogenetic program common to recent caudates and Palaeozoic tetrapods. (folium.ru)
  • This problem of the fundamental inter-relationship of nucleotides is called epistasis . (uncommondescent.com)
  • Lower levels in the hierarchy "control" the upper levels, so that nucleotides code for amino acids, domains consist of strings of amino acids, proteins function as enzymes in biosynthesis, and development is controlled by biosynthetic pathways. (blogspot.com)
  • For example, homology of amino acids among a group of organisms does not necessarily imply that all of their coding nucleotides are homologous (see the figure above) - originally the nucleotides would also have been homologous, but insertions and deletions through time can break the original relationship between the amino acids and their coding nucleotides. (blogspot.com)
  • Homology candidate relations are integrated into a global network and groups of homologous genes are extracted by applying a community detection algorithm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Homologous genes can be distinguished into paralogous, when homology occurs within the same genome, or orthologous, when homology occurs between different genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • But contrary to these predictions, biologists are learning that homologous structures can be produced by different genes and follow different patterns of development. (answering-atheism.com)
  • Comparative or homology modeling, which uses experimentally elucidated structures of related protein family members as templates, is currently the most accurate and reliable approach to model the structure of the protein of interest. (unibas.ch)
  • It is expected that the results from these collaborations will contribute to understanding many basic and biomedically important research problems as well as to our fundamental understanding of protein structure. (nih.gov)
  • X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets and autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets are the result of mutations in PHEX (a phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome) and dentin matrix protein 1 ( DMP1 ), respectively. (medscape.com)
  • The evolutionary lines are completely distinct and yet we see a profound degree of homology. (answering-atheism.com)
  • 3) revealing homology of morphogeneses in both Porifera and Eumetazoa, testifying to the general evolutionary roots of multicellular animals, and peculiar features of sponges' morphogeneses and ontogenesis. (keplers.com)
  • Haeckel aggressively argued that the development of an embryo repeats or recapitulates the progressive stages of lower life forms and that by studying embryonic development one could thus study the evolutionary history of life on earth. (asu.edu)
  • Biologists define homology as similarity in structure between different organisms. (answering-atheism.com)
  • The homologies that are perhaps not evident by morphology-just comparing a hand and a fin-can be traced back to the genome, where you find that the regulatory regions that control the making of those structures are actually present and shared between these organisms. (answersingenesis.org)
  • Pan-genome approaches afford the discovery of homology relations in a set of genomes, by determining how some gene families are distributed among a given set of genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The retrieval of a complete gene distribution among a class of genomes is an NP-hard problem because computational costs increase with the number of analyzed genomes, in fact, all-against-all gene comparisons are required to completely solve the problem. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Darwinism predicts that these similarities should be due to the same gene but in fact different genes account for the development of body segments in these insects. (answering-atheism.com)
  • This publication represents the culmination of greater than thirty years of work on gene regulation that began in 1969 with 'A Gene Regulatory Network for Development: A Theory' by Roy Britten and Davidson. (asu.edu)
  • Broadly speaking, my research has been a mixture of coarse-grained and detailed modeling, often involving gene regulatory networks, and development of algorithms and open source software. (lu.se)
  • According to modern Darwinism, if two structures are similar because of common ancestry, each structure should be produced by similar genes and go through a similar pattern of development in the embryo. (answering-atheism.com)
  • These 77 genes were then divided into eleven subfamilies according to their homology with Arabidopsis thaliana . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The current research seeks to get around the obvious problems with the fishy identity of Tiktaalik by experimenting with the regulatory genes of various animals to see if they are interchangeable. (answersingenesis.org)
  • The experiment involved genes (like Hox genes ), which are master switches controlling development of certain features. (answersingenesis.org)
  • Embryology - The pharyngula stage of embryonic development appears to be highly conserved. (rationalwiki.org)
  • This investigation will have three distinct but interrelated aspects, all informed by the same overarching question: how are invariants of a graph reflected in the (co)homology of its configuration spaces? (aimath.org)
  • The purpose of a bioinformatics platform within SWEGENE is to provide computational facilities and logistical support [databases, algorithms & infrastructure] for problem oriented scientists in an optimal way. (lu.se)
  • Assessing the quality of a blind prediction in comparison to experimental reference structures allows benchmarking the state-of-the-art in structure prediction and identifying areas which need further development. (unibas.ch)
  • Methods for homology-based modeling, related methods and validation of modeled structures. (nih.gov)
  • Embryonic differentiation is the process of development during which embryonic cells specialize and diverse tissue structures arise. (asu.edu)
  • Depression is a common and severe neuropsychiatric disorder of great societal and medical importance, which contributes greatly to world health problem ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The goal of the program is to bring together students and researchers at all levels interested in these areas to share exciting recent developments in these subjects, stimulate further interactions, and inspire a new generation to pursue research at the interface of geometry and physics. (ias.edu)
  • Of Conference, for her finite treatment, it is tenderloin of data between original and optical ideas of verb and problem that prides the two days of the philosophy often. (drpulley.info)
  • Rational cuspidal curves, surfaces of Bogomolov-Miyaoka-Yau type, and rational homology cobordism: old and new problems at the crossroad of algebraic geometry and low dimensional topology. (math.ca)
  • Algebraic topology has had a long and fruitful collaboration with algebraic geometry, with each providing techniques and problems to the other. (birs.ca)
  • A challenge on this field is that of designing fast and adaptive similarity measures in order to find a suitable pan-genome structure of homology relations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The proteins should be amenable to high-throughput structure determination and/or should provide suitable targets to motivate new technology development. (nih.gov)
  • Methods for more challenging problems of production and structure determination such as those involving membrane proteins and multimolecular complexes. (nih.gov)
  • The main research problems that will be addressed by the applicant are the following: 1.Associate to each smooth projective complex variety a nonblank Hodge structure in degree 1, namely attack on the affined line that is equivariant for the action of the multiplicative group. (europa.eu)
  • Is Homology Evidence for Evolution? (answering-atheism.com)
  • The problem is that the evidence doesn't fit that explanation. (answering-atheism.com)
  • I would say in the past 20 years of studying this problem that biology is now entering what can only be described as a revolution because the evidence is so overwhelmingly against the conventional neo-Darwinian view. (answering-atheism.com)
  • Kea (a species of large parrot endemic to New Zealand) solve problems using domain-general statistical inference (Bastos & Taylor 2020), Eurasian jays are deceived by magic tricks (Garcia-Pelegrin et al. (edu.au)
  • Over the past 170 years, the study of graph coloring has led to the development and discovery of some rich and beautiful mathematics. (southalabama.edu)
  • Also, the applications of graph coloring are vast, and applications can be found in scheduling, problems on social networks, design of seating plans, the assignment of frequencies to radio stations, the equitable distribution of resources, and much more! (southalabama.edu)
  • In this talk I will introduce graph coloring and discuss some of its historical development and famous questions. (southalabama.edu)
  • A morphogenetic interpretation of the body plan development during embryogenesis, metamorphosis and asexual reproduction in Sponges is proposed. (keplers.com)
  • Alberch P. (1989), «Development and evolution of amphibian metamorphosis», in: H. Splechtna and H. Hilgers (eds. (folium.ru)
  • High points were the first complete existence proof of quasiperiodic solutions in the planetarian \text{ N -body} problem, and the solution of a long-standing conjecture of Anosov about the number of closed geodesics on Finsler 2 -spheres. (ems.press)
  • Kidney development in kat2J homozygous mice is aberrant early, before the appearance of gross cysts: developing cortical zones are thin, populated by immature glomeruli, and characterized by excessive apoptosis of several cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the last few years, interest in soybeans and soybean components has markedly increased, mainly because of the potential influence of soy on the development of heart disease, cancer, kidney disease, osteoporosis, and menopause symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • expense of currently available assays for Persons with persistent HCV infection are blood screening results in a lack of or in- at high risk for development of chronic consistent testing of blood donations. (who.int)
  • First studied from the point of view of motion planning problems in robotics, these spaces have been the subject of increasing interest in recent years from perspectives as diverse as homotopy theory, commutative algebra, combinatorics, geometric group theory, and mathematical physics. (aimath.org)
  • Whereas usual Hodge theory concerns mainly the usualcohomology of algebraic varieties, nonblank Hodge theory concerns the co homology of variety withnonabelian coefficients. (europa.eu)
  • Development of methods for Structural Genomics. (nih.gov)
  • Educational policy and practice around active and passive learning constructs tend to be based on dichotomous generalisations, despite the range of dimensions within these constructs which focus on the development of conceptual understanding. (nature.com)
  • These include specific problems on which there is hope of making some progress during the workshop, as well as more ambitious problems which may influence the future activity of the field. (aimath.org)
  • Lectures at the workshop will be focused on familiarizing the participants with the background material leading up to specific problems, and the schedule will include discussion and parallel working sessions. (aimath.org)
  • The algebraic tools used in topology include various cohomology theories, homology theories, homotopy groups, and groups of maps. (helpwithassignment.com)
  • And in fish, mice regulators were able to turn on fin development. (answersingenesis.org)
  • Compared with conventional mice model, this model can recapitulate the human brain development in vitro ( 20 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Enteroviruses are associated with diverse clinical syndromes ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis) and could be linked with the development of some chronic diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes and dilated cardiomyopathy) ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • There I was sitting at my computer early one wintery Johannesburg morning when I got a call from Gordon Coburne from Development Bank of South Africa. (worldbank.org)
  • Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. (mdpi.com)
  • Its g is, through participation, to use at the museum by potential Effect to specific development functioning the short robot of organizations that agree towards institution. (drpulley.info)
  • These classical topics were, before the development of the full algebraic tools, often treated as questions involving numbers. (helpwithassignment.com)
  • These data also are helpful in guiding outbreak investigations and identifying targets for development of diagnostic assays and antivirals. (cdc.gov)
  • USA researchers are problem-solvers and pioneers, and our faculty often collaborate across disciplines. (southalabama.edu)
  • Participants will be invited to suggest open problems and questions before the workshop begins, and these will be posted on the workshop website. (aimath.org)
  • The main theme of the workshop were the new results and developments in the area of classical dynamical systems, in particular in celestial mechanics and Hamiltonian systems. (ems.press)
  • Other workshop critical review papers are addressing aspects related to homology (the nature of the rat lung tumors and their potential counter- part in humans) as well as the types of nonneoplastic responses seen in laboratory animals and the potential mechanisms responsible for these effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Homology is thus at the heart of phylogenetics, as it expresses the historical relationships among characters, whereas a phylogeny expresses the historical relationships among taxa (including individuals). (blogspot.com)
  • Since the relationships among the taxa are based on pre-existing information about the relationships among the characters, homology must be established first. (blogspot.com)
  • The issue is that homology among characters can only be determined within any one hierarchical level. (blogspot.com)
  • As an important step in the characterization of how Nek1 may be involved in renal development and how its absence may lead to renal cystogenesis or cyst progression, we examined the expression pattern of Nek1 in normal, developing, and diseased mouse kidneys. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. (lu.se)
  • Further improvement in the timeliness of feedback through the development of a NESS website to allow access to historic data and to the information on circulating serotypes can provide additional incentives to public health laboratories to participate in NESS. (cdc.gov)
  • Conclusions: Tobacco dependence remains a major health problem worldwide. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Rickets, once thought defeated, is reappearing and remains a major health problem in many developing and developed countries. (medscape.com)
  • Results: The identified studies used zebrafish to examine the effects of nicotine exposure on early development, addiction, anxiety, and learning. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is population to determine the kit's sensitivity a global health problem, with an estimated and specificity compared to a reference test. (who.int)
  • CONCLUSION: This study confirms the relevance of multi-functional molecules in the search for new and effective anti-plasmodial agent and lay the foundation for further development of these compound series to potent anti-plasmodial agent that interacts with falcipain-2. (bvsalud.org)