• The MetaSystems product families 'XCyting Locus-Specific Probes' (XL) (except XL Acro-p and XL 21q21/XCP21), 'XCyting Aneusomy Probes' (XA) and the two 'XCyting Centromere Enumeration Probes' (XCE) XCE 8 and XCE 12 are classified in the EU as In-Vitro Medical Devices and marked as IVD CE accordingly. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes derived from bivariate fluorescence activated flow sorting of primate chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Homologies can be identified with high accuracy using molecularly defined DNA probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on chromosomes of different species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The characteristic multicolor banding pattern of mBAND is generated by quantifying the fluorescence intensity ratios along the chromosome. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • This review is about "molecular cytogenetics" including 1) the historical perspective of its development from cytogenetics, 2) technical aspects, 3) available probe sets, and 4) variants and applications of the basic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pinkel D., Detection of aneuploidy and aneuploidy-inducing agents in human lymphocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome specific DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
  • Eastmond D.A., Rupa D.S., Hasegawa L.S., Detection of hyperdiploidy and chromosome breakage in interphase human lymphocytes following exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization with DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
  • Here, using double-label fluorescence in situ hybridization for the autosome chromosome 21 (chromosome 21 point probes combined with chromosome 21 "paint" probes), along with immunocytochemistry and cell sorting, we present evidence for chromosome gain and loss in the human brain. (jneurosci.org)
  • Chromosome 21 was chosen for examination because of the availability of trisomy 21 cells ( Bhattacharyya and Svendsen, 2003 ) that could serve as a positive control for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (jneurosci.org)
  • In cases where human and primate karyotypes differ by chromosome rearrangements, reverse painting of primate probes resulted in a subregional delineation of the human homologous chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Banding makes it possible to identify homologous chromosomes and construct chromosomal nomenclatures for many species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Banding of homologous chromosomes allows chromosome segments and rearrangements to be identified. (wikipedia.org)
  • Displaying Aneusomy Probes for chromosome 1 for Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL) . (metasystems-probes.com)
  • A definite identification of this discontinuous supernumerary marker chromosome would not have been possible using FISH with centromere specific probes or multicolour FISH approaches. (bmj.com)
  • The product families 'XCyting Centromere Enumeration Probes' (XCE) (except XCE 8 and XCE 12), 'XCyting Chromosome Paints' (XCP), 'XCyting Multicolor FISH Probes' (XCyte mFISH), 'XCyting Multicolor FISH Banding Probes' (XCyte mBAND) and the two products XL Acro-p and XL 21q21/XCP 21 are offered for Research Use Only and are marked as RUO accordingly. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • Both panels include myTags human chromosome 17 centromere probes [ATTO 647N] and chromosomes [stained with Hoescht 33342] pseudo-colored gray. (arborbiosci.com)
  • We now recognize that, following DNA replication, the metaphase chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and by cohesin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To overcome this problem, multi-color FISH (mFISH) was employed, which assigns all 21 individual chromosome types of the mouse a unique color. (bioone.org)
  • These probes have been used in the analysis of various cases of constitutional chromosomal rearrangements in human pathology including complex intrachromosomal rearrangements. (nih.gov)
  • Our myTags probes can be easily integrated into your existing workflows to enable (F)ISH research on chromosomal material or whole cells. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Most of the assembly is scaffolded into three chromosomal pseudomolecules with the X sex chromosome assembled. (bvsalud.org)
  • Aneuploidy is defined as the loss and/or gain of chromosomes to produce a numerical deviation from multiples of the haploid chromosomal complement ( King and Stansfield, 1990 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • We previously reported that mouse fetuses or neonates exposed to 2 Gy of X rays showed an unexpectedly low incidence of chromosome damage in lymphocytes, bone marrow, and spleen cells when the mice were subsequently examined at 20 weeks of age. (bioone.org)
  • The addition of colours not only simplifies chromosome identification compared to the analysis of classical banding based on grey values, but colour segmenting also provides simple coloured landmarks for further fine analysis by classical banding. (nih.gov)
  • The second step derived from the invention of C-, G-, R- and other banding techniques and was marked by the Paris Conference (1971), which led to a standard nomenclature to recognize and classify each human chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • G- and R-banding comparison of sheep (Ovis aries L.) chromosomes. (cnr.it)
  • ZOO-FISH and R-banding reveal extensive conservation of human chromosome regions in euchromatic regions of river buffalo chromosomes. (cnr.it)
  • We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)
  • The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Probes were used from two gibbon species (Hylobates concolor and H. syndactylus) which both showed highly rearranged karyotypes. (nih.gov)
  • It was found that in most orders, there are species with rates of chromosome evolution that can be considered as 'default' rates. (wikipedia.org)
  • A seemingly logical consequence of descent from common ancestors is that more closely related species should have more chromosomes in common. (wikipedia.org)
  • During this phase, data on the karyotypes of hundreds of mammalian species (including information on diploid numbers, relative length and morphology of chromosomes, presence of B chromosomes) were described. (wikipedia.org)
  • The banded karyotypes of 850 mammalian species were summarized in the Atlas of Mammalian Chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • With flexible custom design, synthesis, and delivery formats to suit any species or application, myTags® Custom (F)ISH probes support every in situ hybridization (ISH) research goal. (arborbiosci.com)
  • myTags Custom probes have been demonstrated to achieve highly specific targeted F(ISH) across a wide range of applications and species. (arborbiosci.com)
  • This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
  • Phylogenomic studies using chromosome painting confirms the high conservation of DNA between even distantly related species [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mBAND technique is based on a series of partial chromosome paints for sequential partially overlapping chromosome regions of a single chromosome. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • They were also used in a multi colour format (colour segmenting) to differentiate the entire human karyotype into 81 homologous coloured segments with probes derived from H. concolor, and 74 segments with probes derived from H. syndactylus. (nih.gov)
  • Thus a record of the history of karyotype changes that have occurred during evolution have been attained through comparative chromosome maps. (wikipedia.org)
  • HyperSpectral Karyotyping (SKY) of human and mouse cells with ASI Complete Multicolor Karyotyping & FISH System (HiSKY): ASI's HyperSpectral platform is based on Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Thirteen type I loci from HSA4q, HSA6p, HSA7q and HSA12q were comparatively FISH-mapped in four river buffalo and sheep chromosomes. (cnr.it)
  • Comparative FISH mapping of bovid X chromosomes reveals homologies and divergences between the subfamilies bovinae and caprinae. (cnr.it)
  • The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)
  • myTags Custom probes from Daicel Arbor Biosciences have been used successfully in (F)ISH experiments with a wide range of organisms such as animals, plants, and microbes - and for a variety of research applications such as 3D DNA-FISH, RNA-FISH, chromosome painting and barcoding, and much more. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Additionally, by measuring the volume of oligo-FISH painted regions, they were able to calculate levels of chromatin compaction. (arborbiosci.com)
  • myTags (F)ISH probes have been used successfully across a diverse range of cytogenetic applications including 3D DNA-FISH, Cryo-FISH, RNA-FISH, Oligopaints, and chromosome painting for a variety of cell types. (arborbiosci.com)
  • FISH "paint" probes against the whole q arm of chromosome 21 and a point probe against a region on the q arm of 21 (21q22.13-q22.2) were obtained from Vysis (Downer's Grove, IL). (jneurosci.org)
  • Maternal origin of the de novo ESAC and biparental origin of the normal homologues of chromosome 18 were shown by PCR of several highly polymorphic microsatellites. (bmj.com)
  • Hybridization of human chromosomes with painting probes derived from both gibbons showed that, with the exception of human chromosomes 15, 18, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, each chromosome was differentiated in at least two and up to six segments. (nih.gov)
  • The first step of the Human Genome Project took place when Tjio and Levan, in 1956, reported the accurate diploid number of human chromosomes as 2n = 46. (wikipedia.org)
  • Comparison of the human with the sheep genomes by use of human chromosome-specific painting probes. (cnr.it)
  • Comparing myTags synthetic probes (a) versus BAC-derived probes (b) for the human TP53 locus [ATTO 550] demonstrates that the myTags probes only hybridize to the intended locus, while the BAC-derived probes also display multiple off-target hybridizations, denoted by asterisks in (b). (arborbiosci.com)
  • Chromosome 21 aneuploid cells constitute ∼4% of the estimated one trillion cells in the human brain and include non-neuronal cells and postmitotic neurons identified by the neuronspecific nuclear protein marker. (jneurosci.org)
  • Toward determining the presence of constitutional aneuploidy in the human brain, we report here an analysis of the frequency of chromosome 21 gain and loss among neurons and non-neuronal cells isolated from the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of normal individuals ranging from 2 to 86 years of age. (jneurosci.org)
  • Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most recurrent numerical alterations were gains in rat chromosome 4 (RNO4) and losses in RNO15. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Libert F., Lefort A., Okimoto R., Womack J., Georges M., Construction of a bovine genomic library of large yeast artificial chromosome clones, Genomics 18 (1993) 270-276. (gse-journal.org)
  • Probe map details based on UCSC Genome Browser GRCh37/hg19. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)
  • Each gene maps to the same chromosome in every cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • He suggested to introduce the term chromosomics being equal to cytogenomics to bring the three-dimensional morphologically of chromosomes into the focus of research, as this is essential for gene regulation. (frontiersin.org)
  • By random amplification of a microdissected chromosome using the degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR) and forward painting (microFISH), we characterised an extra structurally abnormal chromosome (ESAC) or supernumerary marker chromosome in a mentally retarded girl with a pattern of dysmorphic features. (bmj.com)
  • It could be clearly shown that the small marker chromosome originates from two different regions of chromosome 18, 18p11.1→18q11.1 and 18q12.3→18q21.1 respectively. (bmj.com)
  • Linkage is determined by the presence of two or more loci on the same chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Eggen A., Solinas T.S., Fries R.A., Cosmid specific for sequences encoding a microtubule associated protein, MAPIB, contains a polymorphic microsatellite and maps to bovine chromosome 20q14, J. Hered. (gse-journal.org)
  • Solid colored bars do not necessarily indicate that the probe fully covers the indicated genomic region. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • With immortal and labeled options and a wide range of available synthesis scales, myTags probes are the perfect choice for any in situ hybridization experiment. (arborbiosci.com)
  • 2022). Image analysis workflows to reveal the spatial organization of cell nuclei and chromosomes. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Improvements in the resolution of chromosome analysis has followed closely the introduction of innovative technology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mechanisms of transmission of both discontinuous and continuous characteristics across the generations were unknown before Mendel's laws were explained at the turn of the 20th Century by the behavior of chromosomes in germ cells [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • myTags probes are for research use only and are not validated for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Since no evidence of clonality was observed in the irradiated mother, we concluded that in both fetuses and neonates, there exists a small fraction of stem cells that are distinct from the bulk of the stem cell compartment in terms of their ability to acquire and transmit radiation-induced chromosome damage through clonal expansion. (bioone.org)
  • These studies reaffirmed that chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and germ cell divisions were common to all plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chromosome stability test in both cattle and river buffaloes exposed to dioxin. (cnr.it)
  • The authors recently mapped a susceptibility locus for autism to chromosome region 2q24-q33 (MIM number 606053). (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Affordable and scalable -Our proprietary oligo synthesis platform and flexible labeling options allow production of high-quality probe pools at extremely competitive pricing for any project size. (arborbiosci.com)
  • MetaSystems Probes is continually expanding the product portfolio in response to the customer requests the expanding hematology and solid tumor probe requirements. (cheos.fi)
  • Probe maps are created in accordance with the intended purpose of the product. (metasystems-probes.com)
  • Broad range of probeset sizes -Our optimized design and synthesis technologies can accommodate any size target, from a single locus to a full chromosome. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Under this generic term, all chromosome-related studies should be summarized to introduce novel ideas and concepts in biology and medicine, thus having an integrative effect on the field. (frontiersin.org)
  • These techniques produce a characteristic pattern of contrasting dark and light transverse bands on the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The latter contains the methodology itself, the types of probe- and target-DNA, as well as probe sets. (frontiersin.org)