• The differential diagnosis of a malignant effusion is accordingly broad, especially for the small round blue cell tumors that includes not only mesenchymal tumors, but also non-mesenchymal tumors, such as neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. (cytojournal.com)
  • Other rare non-epithelial malignancies that may be encountered in effusion cytology include neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and metastatic brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • While most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin, cytologists should be aware that non-epithelial neoplasms can also cause malignant effusions including sarcomas, melanomas, germ cell tumors, and, more rarely, brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • Most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin. (cytojournal.com)
  • 1.5 cm diameter) residual tumor by postoperatively imaging, and no evidence of metastatic spread within the neuraxis. (uchicago.edu)
  • Common non-epithelial neoplasms that may cause malignant effusions include malignant melanoma, sarcomas, and other neoplasms including germ cell tumors [ Figure 1 ]. (cytojournal.com)
  • When surgical resection of malignant neoplasms of the mediastinum is the primary treatment, bloc resection of the tumor should be performed whenever possible. (medscape.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The zygomatic implant perforated (ZIP) flap technique provides immediate reconstruction and rapid dental rehabilitation for low-level malignant tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Infratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor that is, by definition, malignant and invasive and thus classified as Grave IV by the WHO. (uchicago.edu)
  • The natural history of primary acquired melanosis begins with the development of superficial epithelial pigmentation, with a typical peppered pigment distribution. (medscape.com)
  • Diagnosing non-epithelial malignancies in effusion specimens based entirely upon their cytomorphologic features is difficult because these neoplasms often exhibit considerable morphological overlap and their cytomorphology can differ from the original tumor. (cytojournal.com)
  • The classification of epithelial tumors of the kidney has in particular undergone substantial progress in the last two decades with major contributions from genetic typing of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). (abdominalkey.com)
  • Evidence indicates that approximately 20% to 25% of patients with conjunctival melanoma have a history or microscopic evidence of a benign conjunctival nevus. (medscape.com)
  • VATS resection is now commonplace for these benign tumors. (medscape.com)
  • INTRODUCTION: Benign intraosseous maxillary tumors, although uncommon among the adolescents, represent a major challenge to the maxillofacial surgeons. (bvsalud.org)
  • AIM OF THE WORK: To investigate the clinical and pathological patterns, treatment, and outcome of benign intraosseous maxillary tumors in adolescents. (bvsalud.org)
  • PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 10-years prospective study included patients between 12-18 years who presented with benign intraosseous maxillary tumors and surgically treated (conservative surgery or radical resection) with immediate reconstruction. (bvsalud.org)
  • [ 17 ] This includes the plexiform varieties and melanotic schwannoma. (medscape.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to determine the computed tomographic (CT) imaging characteristics of maxillary and mandibular melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI). (bvsalud.org)
  • The first section will cover those tumors that characteristically are associated with the pediatric population. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Medulloblatoma is the most common posterior fossa (i.e. infratentorial) tumor in children (although some sources will state that it is the second most common behind cerebellar astrocytoma), making up approximately 18% of all primary pediatric brain tumors. (uchicago.edu)
  • 1 - 3 Intracranial brain tumors, most commonly medulloblastoma [ Figure 2 ], can metastasize to the peritoneal cavity via ventriculo-peritoneal shunts used to divert excess cerebrospinal fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • Medulloblastoma is a highly radiosensitive tumor. (uchicago.edu)
  • Surgical resection is the primary mode of therapy. (medscape.com)
  • While most tumors and cysts of the mediastinum are treated surgically, medical therapy is the primary form of treatment in several diseases. (medscape.com)
  • Note: In children, brain tumors are the most common solid tumor and the second most common malignancy (after leukemia). (uchicago.edu)
  • The role of genotyping and ancillary tools, in particular immunohistochemistry, in correctly classifying these tumors is highlighted in the section on Renal Cell Carcinoma. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Theoretically, conjunctival melanoma may originate from primary acquired melanosis, preexisting nevi, or de novo lesions (without any histologic or clinical evidence of a preexisting lesion). (medscape.com)
  • More than 80% of renal tumors of childhood are Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) ( 1 , 2 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • Although the mortality rate for children with brain tumors has decreased significantly over the last 40 years, deaths from childhood brain tumors are the highest among all childhood cancer deaths. (uchicago.edu)
  • Long-term sequelae of childhood brain tumors are often from the effects of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. (uchicago.edu)
  • 1. Crawford, J. Childhood Brain Tumors. (uchicago.edu)
  • Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Denys-Drash syndrome have an increased risk of developing Wilms tumor ( 5 , 6 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • This number is even higher for patients who have tumors with favorable molecular phenotypes. (uchicago.edu)
  • Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome is related to abnormalities on chromosome 11p15 and characterized by multiple craniofacial anomalies, abdominal wall defects, and tumors of the genitourinary tract, liver, adrenal gland, and central nervous system among other abnormalities. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Conjunctival melanomas may be associated with primary acquired melanosis (75%) or may arise from a preexisting nevus or de novo. (medscape.com)
  • Wilms tumor often is greater than 5 cm in diameter, with an average size of 10 cm ( 3 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • Some mediastinal tumors may require extensive resection of adjacent tissues, and blood loss may be substantial in these cases. (medscape.com)
  • Wilms tumor is believed to arise from embryonic tissues called nephrogenic rests that fail to undergo normal involution ( 7 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • The tumor is usually circumscribed by a pseudocapsule formed of compressed renal and perirenal tissues. (abdominalkey.com)
  • It can arise in previously unblemished and unpigmented regions (approximately 10% of cases), from a preexisting nevus (about 20% of cases), or the flat, spreading pigmentation of primary acquired melanosis with atypia (60%-70% of cases). (medscape.com)
  • These melanocytic cells are of neuroectodermal origin, and melanocytic tumors may arise from these cells. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 50% to 75% of cases of conjunctival melanoma arise in a setting of primary acquired melanosis. (medscape.com)
  • A diverse array of tumors can arise in the human kidney. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Approximately 60% of brain tumors are infratentorial, 25% are supratentorial, and 15% arise in the midline. (uchicago.edu)
  • There is also significant neurological morbidity associated with brain tumors. (uchicago.edu)
  • The most common odontogenic tumors were adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and ameloblastoma (10.5% each). (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Non-odontogenic tumors were more common than odontogenic tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Central giant cell granulomas and ossifying fibromas were the most common non-odontogenic tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Specific discussions of etiology and pathogenesis are dealt with in each of the sections on individual tumors, rather than as a freestanding section, as is used elsewhere in this text. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Approximately 25% of cases of conjunctival melanoma come from de novo lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Standard preoperative management applicable to all chest surgical cases applies to the preoperative management of individuals undergoing resection of mediastinal tumors. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with the tumor types encountered in the human rather than to provide a comprehensive diagnostic reference, which is better handled in more comprehensive textbooks and monographs. (abdominalkey.com)
  • The development of Wilms tumor has been linked to mutations of the WT1 and WT2 genes located on chromosome 11 at 11p13 and 11p15.5, respectively ( 8 , 9 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • KCTD11 is a tumor suppressor gene on 17p that inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway, which is important for cellular proliferation and differentiation during cerebellar development. (uchicago.edu)
  • A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • brown t. a mass of fibrous tissue containing hemosiderin-pigmented macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, replacing and expanding part of a bone in primary hyperparathyroidism . (en-academic.com)
  • Depends on the size, subtype, and dissemination of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. (uchicago.edu)
  • Airway management is of paramount importance when dealing with tumors that can produce a mass effect on these structures. (medscape.com)
  • This is a somewhat arbitrary designation, as most tumors can develop over a wide age range. (abdominalkey.com)