HypertensionCentral obesityDyslipidemiaMetabolicRatioVisceral fatAdultsObeseSkinfold thicknessSignificantlyGeneral and abdominal obesityAged 20 years or olderAdiposityComorbiditiesInsulinType 2 diabetTriglyceridesExcessMeasurement of waist circumferenceCardiovascular riskIncidenceChildhood obesityAssociations with Abdominal ObesityEpidemicMortalityFactorsCoronary heart dLipidMetSSubcutaneousSystolic blood prModifiableSedentaryChildren and adolescentsMethodsSevere abdominal obesityTrends in obesityDiabetes prevalencePotential confoundersMeasurementsStudyPopulationsNegativelyBody massParticipantsIntra-abdominal fatPopulationAnthropometryIncrease in waistGreater than 35 inchesIncreases the risk of develHigher
Hypertension20
- Patients were oriented to the objec- sity lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol], This clinic provides primary care to a tives of the study and their consent was hypertension, central obesity and ele- socially diversified group of patients secured. (who.int)
- CONCLUSION: Abdominal obesity, followed by hypercholesterolemia and arterial hypertension were the most common RFs among the rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan. (bvsalud.org)
- Abdominal obesity is typically associated with a statistically higher risk of heart disease, hypertension, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (see below). (wikipedia.org)
- Methods: Metabolic syndrome is ≥3 of the following: hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and high serum glucose. (natap.org)
- It is suggested that until the epidemic progression of obesity is stopped and obesity prevented or at least properly managed, cardiologists will be confronted to an evolving contribution of risk factors where smoking, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension may be relatively less prevalent but at the expense of a much greater contribution of abdominal obesity and related features of the metabolic syndrome. (researchgate.net)
- The heart failure risk potentially attributed to obesity as measured by BMI or waist circumference was calculated after adjusting for multiple other health and lifestyle risk factors for heart disease, including other conditions such as Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, hypertension (or high blood pressure), kidney function, inflammation, left ventricular hypertrophy and prior heart attack. (worldhealth.net)
- We also evaluated the prevalence of MetS among participants with comorbid conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. (cdc.gov)
- Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a large waist circumference (due to excess abdominal fat), hypertension, abnormal fasting plasma glucose or insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. (msdmanuals.com)
- Obesity is directly associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension , and sleep disorders . (cdlnuclear.com)
- This study determined the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among patients attending the HIV clinic at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH). (bvsalud.org)
- The prevalence of hypertension was esti- mated among study participants, and socio-demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, metabolic and HIV/ART-related factors associated with hypertension were determined by logistic regression modelling. (bvsalud.org)
- This study shows a high prevalence of hypertension among patients attending the HIV clinic at KBTH, associated with exposure to ART and increasing duration of this exposure. (bvsalud.org)
- There are conflicting results in different studies as to whether components of metabolic syndrome, including abdominal obesity, hypertension (HTN), elevated fasting blood glucose, and hyperlipidemia, may influence the risk of OAG. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
- Metabolic syndrome is defined as a group of coexisting metabolic risk factors, such as central obesity, lipid disorders, carbohydrate disorders, and arterial hypertension. (hindawi.com)
- The aim of our study was to demonstrate a correlation between waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with metabolic syndrome in relation with hypertension, lipid disorders, and carbohydrate disorders. (hindawi.com)
- The aim of our study was to demonstrate a correlation between waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with metabolic syndrome in relation to hypertension, lipid disorders, such as atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and carbohydrate disorders, such as impaired fasting glucose or diabetes mellitus type 2. (hindawi.com)
- People with obesity tend to develop chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and renal diseases [ 1-4 ]. (annexpublishers.co)
- Obesity, a high waist-to-hip ratio, hypertension, more severe abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetes and prediabetes. (e-epih.org)
- 13 However, this conclusion has been criticized since the authors measured only four of the five features of the metabolic syndrome, and the cut-offs used for defining hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance were different from those commonly proposed for diagnosis of this entity. (acc.org)
- Cardiovascular diseases in adults are associated with cardio-metabolic factors including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, abdominal obesity and abnormal glucose regulation- the combination of which is known as metabolic syndrome (MetS) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Central obesity17
- Abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity and truncal obesity, is the human condition of an excessive concentration of visceral fat around the stomach and abdomen to such an extent that it is likely to harm its bearer's health. (wikipedia.org)
- An excess of adipose visceral fat is known as central obesity, the "pot belly" or "beer belly" effect, in which the abdomen protrudes excessively. (wikipedia.org)
- Central obesity is known to predispose individuals for insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
- Insulin resistance is a major feature of diabetes mellitus type 2, and central obesity is correlated with both insulin resistance and T2DM itself. (wikipedia.org)
- And it is waistline adipose tissue (central obesity) which seems to be the foremost type of fat deposits contributing to rising levels of serum resistin. (wikipedia.org)
- Abdominal fat, which translates to central obesity is the indicator of impaired glucose tolerance and is a major risk factor for various obesity-related diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. (assignology.com)
- Nowadays, there are some theories put forth to explain the occurrence of central obesity and mechanisms to prevent it. (assignology.com)
- On the other hand, other scholars might argue that an unhealthy environment full of unhealthy advertisements is a reason for the high stagnant rates of central obesity. (assignology.com)
- Communities and especially those with a high prevalence of obesity and central obesity should be continually educated on healthy living because prevention of the condition has far-reaching benefits. (assignology.com)
- This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of subjects with normal BMI and abdominal obesity and to identify the relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in normal BMI adults in Korea. (jomes.org)
- We aimed to investigate the association between the MIND diet score and general and central obesity among adults. (biomedcentral.com)
- No significant association was observed between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of general and central obesity. (biomedcentral.com)
- Gender-specific association between tobacco smoking and central obesity among 0.5 million Chinese people: the China Kadoorie Biobank Study. (ox.ac.uk)
- the association between tobacco smoking and central obesity, however, is largely unknown in the Chinese population. (ox.ac.uk)
- This study examined the relationship between smoking and central obesity in 0.5 million Chinese adults, a population with a low prevalence of general obesity, but a high prevalence of central obesity. (ox.ac.uk)
- Waist circumference (WC) and WC/height ratio (WHtR) were used as measures of central obesity. (ox.ac.uk)
- CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that tobacco smoking is an important risk factor for central obesity, but the association is gender-specific and depends on the adjustment for general obesity. (ox.ac.uk)
Dyslipidemia6
- Researchers first started to focus on abdominal obesity in the 1980s when they realized it had an important connection to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. (wikipedia.org)
- MetS z-score was calculated as sum of age- and sex-specific z-scores of four components: waist circumference, blood pressure, dyslipidemia (mean of triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol −1 ) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). (biomedcentral.com)
- Prevalence of lipid abnormality (including borderline dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia) was 47.8%, 13.8%, 25.7% and 30.7% for TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and TG, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our present study, in a population of 11,956 adults in Liaoning Providence, demonstrated a very high prevalence of dyslipidemia, which represented an alarming rise since the publication of our previous study and other similar studies around the world, which report lower levels. (biomedcentral.com)
- We also examined various risk factors for dyslipidemia, many of which are modifiable risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), to provide a comprehensive view that will help in designing strategies to slow the rapid spread and promote effective measures to treat dyslipidemia. (biomedcentral.com)
- Paradoxically, surveys to monitor and measure dyslipidemia burden in a Chinese population has not been conducted in recent years and the available data on the prevalence, types, and associated factors of dyslipidemia in the general population is relatively insufficient and outdated. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolic39
- ABSTRACT This study assessed the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, and its components, as defined by Adult Treatment Panel III criteria in Jordanian patients attending a family practice clinic for management of cardiovascular risk factors. (who.int)
- Our family medicine clinic is a hos- study period, the number of selected pital-affiliated clinic located in Jordan patients totalled 730 (281 males and The metabolic syndrome is a cluster- University Hospital (the main teaching 449 females). (who.int)
- In this study we assessed the preva- having a first degree relative (parent, prevalence in various populations was lence of the metabolic syndrome and sibling or child) that has history of myo- hindered by lack of a uniform definition its individual components as defined cardial infarction or ischaemic stroke of the syndrome [1]. (who.int)
- 65 years of the metabolic syndrome are currently cardiovascular risk factors attending the in women. (who.int)
- As well as general obesity, fat concentration in the of detrimental health habits can be consolidated until and abdominal region has been associated with an increased into adulthood, and can be a precursor for higher risk of risk of metabolic diseases in the population in recent dec- mortality and chronic diseases2,3. (bvsalud.org)
- the significance of abdominal obesity (and therefore waist measurement) has also been recognised in the IDF classification for metabolic syndrome. (gpnotebook.com)
- Abdominal obesity has been strongly linked to cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other metabolic and vascular diseases. (wikipedia.org)
- Abdominal obesity was more closely related with metabolic dysfunctions connected with cardiovascular disease than was general obesity. (wikipedia.org)
- Metabolic syndrome is associated with abdominal obesity, blood lipid disorders, inflammation, insulin resistance, full-blown diabetes, and increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Based on studies, it is evident that obesity has a strong association with vascular and metabolic disease which could potentially be linked to Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected adults in the Nutrition for Healthy Living (NFHL) study (2000-2003) and prevalence relative to the findings of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2002). (natap.org)
- The baseline prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the NFHL study (n = 477) was compared to that in the NHANES (n = 1876), adjusted for age, race, gender, poverty, exercise, and diet. (natap.org)
- The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly lower in HAART and non-HAART users compared with NHANES participants unadjusted for body mass index (BMI). (natap.org)
- To our knowledge, this is one of the first large studies of the incidence and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in HIV. (natap.org)
- As a consequence, there has also been a marked increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes all over the world and this chronic metabolic disease is now considered as a coronary heart disease risk equivalent. (researchgate.net)
- However, even in the absence of the hyperglycaemic state which characterizes type 2 diabetic patients, non diabetic individuals with a specific form of obesity, named abdominal obesity, often show clustering metabolic abnormalities which include high triglyceride levels, increased apolipoprotein B, small dense low density lipoproteins and decreased high density lipoproteins-cholesterol levels, a hyperinsulinemic-insulin resistant state, alterations in coagulation factors as well as an inflammatory profile. (researchgate.net)
- This agglomeration of abnormalities has been referred to as the metabolic syndrome which can be identified by the presence of three of the five following variables: abdominal obesity, elevated triglyceride concentrations, low HDL-cholesterol levels, increased blood pressure and elevated fasting glucose. (researchgate.net)
- Metabolic syndrome linked to abdominal obesity is also predictive of recurrent coronary events both in post-myocardial infarction patients and among coronary artery disease men who underwent a revascularization procedures. (researchgate.net)
- Our objective was to investigate associations between ACEs and sleep measures among 206 police officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress study. (cdc.gov)
- When exposed to a surplus of calories, those of us who accumulate excess energy in lower body subcutaneous fat appear to be at lower risk of CHD, while those who cannot efficiently clear and store the energy in peripheral depots build up their intra-abdominal fat stores and increase their ectopic fat, a process leading to atherogenic metabolic disturbances that increase CHD risk. (myhealthywaist.org)
- In a study involving obese the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, between 07:00 and 09:00 following children, the prevalence of metabolic and the details have been published 12-14 hours of fasting. (who.int)
- We performed crude and adjusted Poisson regression analyses for each obesity outcome and multinomial logistic regression for metabolic risk. (scielosp.org)
- The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of and factors associated with metabolic syndrome among adult New York City residents. (cdc.gov)
- We examined the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III revised guidelines, according to demographic subgroups and comorbid diagnoses in a probability sample of 1,263 participants. (cdc.gov)
- More than half (55.4%) of women and 33.0% of men with metabolic syndrome had only 3 metabolic abnormalities, 1 of which was abdominal obesity. (cdc.gov)
- The most common combination of metabolic abnormalities was abdominal obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose, and elevated blood pressure. (cdc.gov)
- alcohol use was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome among women but increased the likelihood of metabolic syndrome among men. (cdc.gov)
- Metabolic syndrome is pervasive among New York City adults, particularly women, and is associated with modifiable factors. (cdc.gov)
- 1) publication is the history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy or preeclampsia, which may be associated with a variety of metabolic alterations that may persist after pregnancy, or surge after the menopause in obese and non-obese women. (imsociety.org)
- A recent meta-analysis has also demonstrated that in the intermediate to long term follow up period, women with preeclampsia/eclampsia still have worse metabolic and biochemical profiles than those who did not suffer the syndrome (11). (imsociety.org)
- The severity of having one or more aggregated cardiovascular risk factors for metabolic syndrome is known as the metabolic syndrome severity (MetSS), and can be measured with the metabolic syndrome severity score (MetSSS). (biomedcentral.com)
- 2 Moreover, recent studies have shown that abdominal obesity, rather than obesity simply defined by BMI, is more highly correlated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. (jomes.org)
- The incidence of metabolic syndrome often parallels that of obesity and type 2 diabetes. (msdmanuals.com)
- Data showed an increased prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome in patients with glaucoma. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
- The study group consisted of 839 patients with diagnosed metabolic syndrome: 345 men (41.1%) and 494 women (58.9%) aged 32-80. (hindawi.com)
- Abdominal obesity is the major disorder constituting a base for the development of metabolic syndrome. (hindawi.com)
- Evidence from the conducted studies has revealed that abdominal obesity (assessed based on the waist circumference) plays a very important role in the development of metabolic disorders and in the assessment of cardiovascular risk. (hindawi.com)
- Metabolic syndrome--a combination of risk factors that may lead to high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke--is one of the results of the obesity epidemic. (sciencedaily.com)
- Fifteen of the men had metabolic syndrome, a condition that is characterized by excessive abdominal fat, insulin resistance, and blood fat disorders such as high levels of triglycerides (fat in the blood) or low levels of HDL (high density lipoprotein, or "good" cholesterol). (elispot.biz)
Ratio15
- The percentage of adults aged 20 years or older with an unhealthy waist circumference increased from 5.6% in 1988-1994 to 7.6% in 2012, and the percentage with an unhealthy waist-to-height ratio increased from 27.2% in 1988-1994 to 33.7% in 2012. (medscape.com)
- one measure relating the waist circumference has been the waist hip ratio. (gpnotebook.com)
- With an increase in the waist to hip ratio and overall waist circumference the risk of death increases as well. (wikipedia.org)
- For instance, the INTERHEART study comparing myocardial infarction cases with asymptomatic controls has clearly shown that an increased proportion of abdominal fat, as reflected by a high waist-to-hip circumference ratio, significantly increases the odds ratio for myocardial infarction [3]. (myhealthywaist.org)
- Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio better estimate abdominal obesity driving insulin resistance. (sdgln.com)
- The association of trunk fat with CVD risk was attenuated but remained significant even after adjusting for waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio. (imsociety.org)
- Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the coexistence of low SMI and obesity determined by four patterns of obesity as follows: android to gynoid ratio (A/G ratio), android fat mass or percentage of body fat (%BF) was higher than the sex-specific median, or body mass index (BMI) was equal to or greater than 25 kg/m 2 . (biomedcentral.com)
- The present data suggest that the whole body DXA is valuable in the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity (high A/G ratio or android fat mass with low SMI) to determine the risk of CVD events in patients with type 2 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Excess fat in the abdomen (called apple shape), particularly when it results in a high waist-to-hip ratio (reflecting a relatively low muscle-to-fat mass ratio), increases risk. (msdmanuals.com)
- The syndrome is less common among people who have excess subcutaneous fat around the hips (called pear shape) and a low waist-to-hip ratio (reflecting a higher muscle-to-fat mass ratio). (msdmanuals.com)
- To evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and various measurements such as waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in obese children. (annexpublishers.co)
- The preferred and more accurate obesity metric in academic community is the body fat percentage (BF%) - the ratio of the total weight of a person's fat to his or her body weight. (annexpublishers.co)
- Unfortunately, accurate measurement of the body fat percentage is much more difficult than measurement of BMI [ 6 ].Thus, many researches recommend other obesity measurements including waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and skinfold thickness [ 5 , 7 ]. (annexpublishers.co)
- Waist-circumference-to-height ratio above 0.5 was used to define abdominal obesity and the total amount of body fat was estimated from the sum of skinfold measures. (researchsquare.com)
- We utilized prevalence ratio analysis to examine the association between socio-economic/demographic characteristics, unhealthful behaviors and overweight/obesity. (researchsquare.com)
Visceral fat9
- Visceral fat, also known as organ fat or intra-abdominal fat, is located inside the peritoneal cavity, packed in between internal organs and torso, as opposed to subcutaneous fat, which is found underneath the skin, and intramuscular fat, which is found interspersed in skeletal muscle. (wikipedia.org)
- Abdominal fat, otherwise called visceral fat, refers to the fat deposits found between the liver and the kidneys, and are packed into the abdominal cavity. (assignology.com)
- Unknown is whether CRF attenuates health risk for a given level of abdominal visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, and/or waist circumference. (diabetesjournals.org)
- 0.01) for blood pressure, indicating that the increase in blood pressure per unit increase in visceral fat or waist circumference was greater in men in the low-CRF group compared with the high-CRF group. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Non-obese PCOS women may display a trend towards sub-clinical atherosclerosis due to visceral fat deposition, which is the principal predictor of this phenomenon in PCOS women ( 8). (imsociety.org)
- Because waist circumference is highly correlated with visceral fat and is easy to measure and interpret, this is used as the basic clinical tool for evaluating abdominal obesity. (jomes.org)
- The relationship between abdominal fat and cardiovascular outcomes demonstrates unequivocally that visceral fat is a health hazard. (cdlnuclear.com)
- Dietary factors were assessed by Eating Behaviour Questionaires (EBQ) and Diet Quality Index- Revised (DQI-R). Assesment of nutritional status included measurement of anthropometry included (height, weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage and visceral fat), biochemical data (fasting lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose) and blood pressure. (upm.edu.my)
- Prevalence of abdominal obesity were 11.3%, 47.9% having high body fat percentage and 7.5% were having high visceral fat level. (upm.edu.my)
Adults29
- The prevalence of prediabetes among healthy-weight nondiabetic adults aged 20 years or older increased from 10.2% in 1988-1994 to 18.5% in 2012. (medscape.com)
- This study investigated whether the level of involvement in meal preparation was associated with objectively measured weight status in young adults. (edu.au)
- The prevalence of obesity in children and adults is increasing in the UK and elsewhere across all gender, age, race and ethnicity groups. (gpnotebook.com)
- is a diet of less than 600kcal advised, in general, for adults with obesity? (gpnotebook.com)
- 1 The clinical guidelines from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults recommend that clinicians assess waist circumference of their patients. (cdc.gov)
- Therefore, our objective was to provide recent information about the trends in mean waist circumference and prevalence of abdominal obesity among adults in the United States from 1999 to 2012. (cdc.gov)
- At a time when the prevalence of obesity may have reached a plateau, the waistlines of US adults continue to expand. (cdc.gov)
- To evaluate the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity and the concomitant presence of both outcomes and their determinants among adults living in a rural area. (scielosp.org)
- This study aimed to determine the associations of health-related physical fitness with body mass index (BMI) distribution and overweight/obesity risk among adults aged 23-64 years in Taiwan. (researchsquare.com)
- However, the sit-and-reach test was partially related to BMI and overweight/obesity risk in adults. (researchsquare.com)
- Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness were effective predictors of BMI distribution and overweight/obesity risk in Taiwanese adults. (researchsquare.com)
- The objective of our study was to describe the prevalence of and factors associated with MetS among New York City adults among all racial/ethnic groups. (cdc.gov)
- This study aimed to investigate the recent prevalence, management, and comorbidities of diabetes among Korean adults aged ≥30 years by analyzing nationally representative data. (e-dmj.org)
- The prevalence of IFG was 26.9% in adults aged ≥30 years. (e-dmj.org)
- Abdominal obesity predisposes individuals to cardiovascular disease, but the data in adults with normal body mass index (BMI) are relatively rare. (jomes.org)
- The prevalence of abdominal obesity in adults with normal BMI was 6.9% for males and 7.7% for females, and this prevalence tended to increase with age. (jomes.org)
- When adjusted for age and BMI, daily excessive alcohol consumption increased the risk of abdominal obesity in adults of normal weight. (jomes.org)
- Cardiovascular risk factors were associated with abdominal obesity in Korean adults with normal BMI. (jomes.org)
- The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing in Vietnam, particularly among adults aged over 45 years. (e-epih.org)
- This study estimated trends in diabetes and prediabetes prevalence and determined risk factors in Vietnamese adults (over 45 years). (e-epih.org)
- The nationwide prevalence of diabetes was 6.0% in 2017, with approximately 5 million adults diagnosed with diabetes [ 1 ]. (e-epih.org)
- Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. (nature.com)
- Ford ES, Maynard LM, Li C . Trends in mean waist circumference and abdominal obesity among US adults, 1999-2012. (nature.com)
- Ford ES, Li C, Zhao G, Tsai J . Trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in the United States from 1999-2008. (nature.com)
- Increasing diet soda intake is directly linked to greater abdominal obesity in adults 65 years of age and older. (sciencedaily.com)
- A new study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society shows that increasing diet soda intake is directly linked to greater abdominal obesity in adults 65 years of age and older. (sciencedaily.com)
- In an effort to combat obesity, many adults try to reduce sugar intake by turning to nonnutritive or artificial sweeteners, such as aspartame, saccharin, or sucralose. (sciencedaily.com)
- The SALSA study shows that increasing diet soda intake was associated with escalating abdominal obesity, which may increase cardiometabolic risk in older adults," Fowler concludes. (sciencedaily.com)
- SUBJECTS: A total of 487,527 adults (200,564 males and 286,963 females), aged 30-79 years, were enrolled in the baseline survey of the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Study conducted during 2004-2008. (ox.ac.uk)
Obese9
- This study examined relationships between energy, protein and calcium consumption from dairy foods (milk, yogurt, cheese, dairy spreads, ice-cream) and adiposity (BMI, waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC), % body fat and abdominal fat) in 720 overweight/obese Australian men and women. (yogurtinnutrition.com)
- 1) provides evidence that even in non-obese women, "regional" fat deposition produces various inflammatory changes, endothelial alterations, and probably insulin resistance. (imsociety.org)
- However, delineating the possible implicated pathways still requires appropriately designed studies in non-obese women (normal BMI). (imsociety.org)
- According to studies in the United States and Canada, individuals with normal BMI and abdominal obesity showed higher risks of cardiovascular diseases compared to individuals classified as obese according to BMI without abdominal obesity. (jomes.org)
- Actually in the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, individuals with sarcopenic obesity defined by low muscle mass and high BMI had significantly high 10-year CVD risk determined using the Framingham risk model, whereas sarcopenic non-obese and non-sarcopenic obese individuals were not associated with an increased 10-year CVD risk [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Because abdominal obesity has such a strong risk-inducing effect, even in people who are overweight or obese based on their BMI, low levels of fat tissue around their midsection and organs may indicate lower cardiovascular disease risks. (cdlnuclear.com)
- To determine whether differences in vascular reactivity existed among normal weight, overweight, and obese older men and women, and to examine the association between abdominal fat distribution and vascular reactivity. (psu.edu)
- Overall, 21% of the students were overweight or obese and 9% of them had abdominal obesity. (researchsquare.com)
- Students who consumed less than recommended amount of fruit servings had 1.68 times the risk of being overweight/obese, 2.49 times the risk of having abdominal obesity and 1.47 times the risk of having high total skinfold values compared to students with adequate fruit intake. (researchsquare.com)
Skinfold thickness1
- Recently, Ross and Katzmarzyk ( 7 ) reported that for a given BMI, individuals with high CRF had lower abdominal skinfold thickness and waist circumference compared with individuals with lower CRF, independent of sex. (diabetesjournals.org)
Significantly17
- the factors were significantly more prevalent in women (68.2%) and increased with age. (bvsalud.org)
- Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with gender and high levels of sedentary behaviour, regardless of confounding factors. (bvsalud.org)
- The overall age-adjusted mean waist circumference increased progressively and significantly from 95.5 cm (95% CI, 94.2-96.8 cm) in 1999-2000 to 98.5 cm (95% CI, 97.5-99.4 cm) in 2011-2012 ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- The overall age-adjusted prevalence of abdominal obesity increased significantly from 46.4% (95% CI, 42.1%-50.8%) in 1999-2000 to 54.2% (95% CI, 51.3%-57.0%) in 2011-2012 ( Table 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- Previous analyses of data from NHANES show that the prevalence of obesity calculated from body mass index (BMI) did not change significantly from 2003-2004 to 2011-2012. (cdc.gov)
- The prevalence of MHT significantly increased from 16.3% in 2019 to 17.6% in 2020 (difference = 1.3, p = 0.030). (cdc.gov)
- The prevalence of taking prescription medications for mental health issues significantly increased in 2020 compared to 2019 (12.5% to 13.6%, difference = 1.1, p = 0.037). (cdc.gov)
- The prevalence of receiving counseling significantly increased but only among those who worked 30-49 h/week, difference = 1.2, p = 0.022. (cdc.gov)
- While women who enter menopause before age 45 are known to be at higher risk of heart failure, obesity significantly increased heart failure risk among women who experienced late menopause - at age 55 or older, according to a new study. (worldhealth.net)
- While women who enter menopause before age 45 are known to be at higher risk for heart failure, obesity significantly increased heart failure risk among women who experienced late menopause -- at age 55 or older, according to new research published today in the Journal of the American Heart Association , an open access, peer-reviewed journal of the American Heart Association. (worldhealth.net)
- Overall the prevalence of obesity in Tehran children and adolescents increased significantly from 2000 to 2006 while blood pressure and serum lipid concentrations decreased. (who.int)
- The risk of general and abdominal obesity and concomitant outcomes increased significantly with age in both sexes. (scielosp.org)
- Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. (sdgln.com)
- The 3MPKS test and relative hand grip strength were significantly negatively associated with BMI and overweight/obesity risk with a dose-response relationship in both men and women. (researchsquare.com)
- The prevalence of prediabetes significantly increased during the study period, whereas no upward or downward trend for diabetes was observed. (e-epih.org)
- the βs showed a significantly greater increasing trend with increasing BMI in males than in females. (ox.ac.uk)
- Prevalence of unhealthful behaviors varied significantly by student's age, gender, school income levels, city, and frequency of consumption of restaurant foods. (researchsquare.com)
General and abdominal obesity2
- We observed high prevalences of general and abdominal obesity in this population, which is consistent with the values found in urban populations. (scielosp.org)
- Metabolically healthy general and abdominal obesity. (cambridge.org)
Aged 20 years or older1
- Data from 32 816 men and nonpregnant women aged 20 years or older were analyzed. (cdc.gov)
Adiposity8
- Increased adiposity (obesity) raises serum resistin levels, which in turn directly correlate to insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
- Dairy protein and dairy calcium (g/day) were both inversely associated with all adiposity measures. (yogurtinnutrition.com)
- It has been suggested that the CVD risk resulting from an elevated waist circumference may be a marker of excess intra-abdominal (visceral) adiposity, which is predictive of insulin resistance and a pro-atherogenic, thrombotic, and inflammatory profile [7]. (myhealthywaist.org)
- It is well established that abdominal adiposity is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality independent of BMI ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
- An important related aspect is that, during the menopausal transition, women develop increased adiposity mainly at the waist. (imsociety.org)
- Sarcopenic obesity, defined as reduced skeletal muscle mass and power with increased adiposity, was reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease risks in previous cross-sectional studies. (biomedcentral.com)
- Obesity and abdominal adiposity impair vascular reactivity in older men and women, and these deleterious effects on vascular reactivity are independent of conventional risk factors. (psu.edu)
- Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies. (nature.com)
Comorbidities2
- Obesity is a chronic disease with high prevalence and associated comorbidities, making it a growing global concern. (mdpi.com)
- However it has been found that BMI alone cannot indicate obesity comorbidities risk and mortality appropriately [ 5 ]. (annexpublishers.co)
Insulin10
- The expanded intra-abdominal fat depot acts as a large "endocrine gland" that becomes inflamed and generates an insulin resistant and pro-inflammatory state that helps increase CHD risk. (myhealthywaist.org)
- Excess weight, especially abdominal fat, alters hormone and cytokine signaling, creating a chronic inflammatory state and insulin resistance. (sdgln.com)
- Obesity also stresses pancreatic beta cells to produce more insulin initially, leading to exhaustion and burnout over time. (sdgln.com)
- There are several mechanisms by which obesity induces insulin resistance and diabetes progression. (sdgln.com)
- Obesity creates inflammation mediated by immune cells within fat tissue that alters insulin pathway functioning. (sdgln.com)
- Visceral abdominal fat appears most metabolically active in driving insulin resistance through these pathways. (sdgln.com)
- is the level of physical activity in women with both phenotypes that would allow checking for insulin sensitivity as related to regular physical activity/week. (imsociety.org)
- The expression of miR-221-3p was positively correlated with body weight, BMI and waist circumference, and negatively correlated with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. (unav.edu)
- The researchers say that fat deposited deep inside the abdomen, which is seen in an expanding waist, secretes toxins into the bloodstream, raises cholesterol and increases the body's resistance to insulin, essential for controlling blood sugar. (skincaremanual.org)
- The diet, combined with moderate exercise, improved many factors that contribute to heart disease and that are indirect measures of plaque progression in the arteries, including insulin resistance, high cholesterol, and markers of developing atherosclerosis," Roberts said. (elispot.biz)
Type 2 diabet4
- Visceral and central abdominal fat and waist circumference show a strong association with type 2 diabetes. (wikipedia.org)
- Obesity increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. (sdgln.com)
- The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sarcopenic obesity on incident CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
- If patients with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly those ≥ 40 years, have a waist circumference greater than that recommended for their race and sex, fasting plasma glucose and a lipid profile must be determined. (msdmanuals.com)
Triglycerides2
- Body mass index measurements were taken and blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides measured. (who.int)
- Several risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including abdominal obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose, elevated triglycerides, elevated blood pressure, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, tend to cluster in individuals (1). (cdc.gov)
Excess6
- The most basic definition of obesity refers to having excess fat. (psychiatrist.com)
- The reasons for increases in waist circumference in excess of what would be expected from changes in BMI remain speculative, but several factors, including sleep deprivation, endocrine disruptors, and certain medications, have been proposed as potential explanations. (cdc.gov)
- Ожиріння Obesity is excess body weight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m 2 . (msdmanuals.com)
- Complications include cardiovascular disorders (particularly in people with excess abdominal fat). (msdmanuals.com)
- Excess abdominal fat leads to excess free fatty acids in the portal vein, increasing fat accumulation in the liver. (msdmanuals.com)
- The results from the first large scale international study assessing prevalence of abdominal obesity (excess fat around the middle), in over 170,000 people, has confirmed that a high waist circumference is associated with CVD independently of BMI and age. (skincaremanual.org)
Measurement of waist circumference1
- A family history plus measurement of waist circumference and blood pressure are part of routine care. (msdmanuals.com)
Cardiovascular risk5
- ABSTRACT Studies have shown that cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, blood lipid levels, start early in childhood and some are on the rise in children. (who.int)
- Through logistic regression, we analyzed the factors influencing abdominal obesity and the relationship between abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. (jomes.org)
- Obesity also contributes to the development and mortality of cardiovascular disease, regardless of other cardiovascular risk factors. (cdlnuclear.com)
- Their prevalence is higher in patients presenting cardiovascular risk factors.This review takes stock of the frequency, the mechanisms, and the implications of major cardiovascular risk factors in patients with serious mental disorders. (bvsalud.org)
- People with serious mental disordershave a greater prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors compared to the general population. (bvsalud.org)
Incidence5
- These data suggest that even if obesity trends are indeed flattening, the prevalence and incidence of prediabetes continue to climb. (medscape.com)
- The argument by Davis (2011) could be a reason for unresolved high prevalence and incidence rates of obesity. (assignology.com)
- In an issue of Circulation published last December [2], investigators of the EPIC-Norfolk study reported results of a careful investigation of the relationship of waist and hip circumferences to coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence. (myhealthywaist.org)
- EPIC-Norfolk is a large prospective study of a population-based sample of 24,508 men and women 45 to 79 years of age, who were followed for 9.1 years for incidence of CHD. (myhealthywaist.org)
- The finding that waist circumference was a predictor of CHD incidence confirms the powerful impact this index of abdominal obesity has on CVD risk. (myhealthywaist.org)
Childhood obesity8
- Background Recent studies have associated several microRNAs (miRNAs) with childhood obesity and energy homeostasis, suggesting that an individual miRNA profile could be used as an early predictor to estimate the response to weight loss interventions in the design of precision nutrition. (unav.edu)
- Conclusions Bioinformatic analysis evidenced that miR-221-3p participates in several obesity-related pathways, and more interestingly, this miRNA targets several candidate genes to childhood obesity according to DisGeNet database. (unav.edu)
- It also and to develop a comprehensive and may have devastating conse- examined the health and economic response to childhood obesity, the quences for this very vulnerable age consequences of obesity and their WHO Director-General established group. (who.int)
- World Health Organisation (WHO) has recognized the adverse role of prolonged exposure to digital media (DM) in childhood obesity and recommends that children and adolescents should limit recreational screen-time [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Although obesity prevalence is known to be rising in East Africa, research on childhood obesity is still minimal. (researchsquare.com)
- These results can guide childhood obesity prevention measures in Kenya and other nations in East Africa. (researchsquare.com)
- However, research on the prevalence of these behaviors and their association with childhood obesity in Kenya and other countries in the region is still quite limited. (researchsquare.com)
- Studies that have examined the association between diet and childhood obesity in populations outside Kenya have shown mixed results. (researchsquare.com)
Associations with Abdominal Obesity3
- We found five tentatively replicated factors showing significant associations with abdominal obesity in men: serum α-carotene, β-carotene, serum β-cryptoxanthin, serum vitamin D and vigorous physical activity. (nature.com)
- In contrast to the other factors which showed inverse associations with abdominal obesity, aspartame intake displayed a positive relationship with this outcome (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.26 for each log increase in aspartame intake in women). (nature.com)
- All three principal components also displayed significant associations with abdominal obesity. (nature.com)
Epidemic3
- Obesity and diabetes go hand in hand, and both have reached epidemic proportions in the United States. (medscape.com)
- It has been well documented that overweight and obesity is now a global epidemic with relatively few countries unaffected. (biomedcentral.com)
- The global obesity epidemic is well established, with most countries experiencing a four-decade increase in obesity prevalence. (cdlnuclear.com)
Mortality3
- People who are overweight have a higher all-cause mortality than average, which increases with greater obesity. (gpnotebook.com)
- 3 - 6 Mortality from coronary artery disease was also found to be higher in individuals with normal BMI and abdominal obesity. (jomes.org)
- In 2012, 15 years after the first and mortality from many noncommu- ganization (WHO), recognizing the Expert Consultation on Obesity was nicable diseases (NCDs). (who.int)
Factors15
- OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) in the rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan (Central Asia). (bvsalud.org)
- The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and its associated factors among adolescents, independent of confounders. (bvsalud.org)
- Lifestyle habits are important modifiable risk factors that can effectively contribute to the reduction of obesity from an early age. (bvsalud.org)
- 35 inches for women) has been shown to be an independent predictor of risk factors for obesity and increased morbidity. (psychiatrist.com)
- This study, part of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, determined and compared the prevalence of overweight and its associated risk factors in 2 555, 1 329 and 1 158 Tehran children and adolescents in 2000, 2003 and 2006 respectively. (who.int)
- information on changes in cardiovas- recorded at the highest point of the hip cular risk factors in children and ado- with a meter measuring tape. (who.int)
- We evaluated three outcomes: general obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ), abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 102 cm and ≥ 88 cm in men and women, respectively), and concomitant obesities, classified as: no risk, only one risk factor, and aggregate factors. (scielosp.org)
- Overweight and obesity are important modifiable risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) 1 1. (scielosp.org)
- Genetics influence both obesity and diabetes risk, but lifestyle factors play a major role. (sdgln.com)
- Although both abdominal fat and low CRF are significant predictors of health risk, the independent contribution of these two factors is not firmly established. (diabetesjournals.org)
- A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and factors associated with OW-OB among Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) students. (upm.edu.my)
- Many risk factors for overweight and obesity have been identified, including over-nutrition and lack of physical activities. (annexpublishers.co)
- A total of 182 nutrition and lifestyles factors were investigated in relation to abdominal obesity among 7,403 male and 8,328 female participants of the Third U.S. National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES III). (nature.com)
- In women, 7 factors were identified: serum α-carotene, β-carotene, serum β-cryptoxanthin, serum vitamin C, serum vitamin D, vigorous physical activity and aspartame intake. (nature.com)
- Our observational investigation that systematically investigates multiple modifiable factors simultaneously has enabled the creation of data-driven hypotheses regarding the possible role of determinants of abdominal obesity and has identified potential avenues for mechanistic investigations to clarify suitable targets of intervention. (nature.com)
Coronary heart d2
- In smokers, the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke is more than twice that of non-smokers [ 7 ], whereas there is a somewhat more modest increase in risk associated with overweight and obesity [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In 1948, government-funded investigators began following some 5,000 men and women in Framingham, Massachusetts to see who developed coronary heart disease. (lewrockwell.com)
Lipid3
- Steve Haffner, M.D.,professor of medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio, Texas, and member of the IDEA Study Executive Committee, says the IDEA study confirms the importance of measuring waist circumference, alongside current measures such as BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid levels, in identifying patients in a primary care setting who are at increased cardiometabolic risk. (skincaremanual.org)
- Thus, this study observed an alarmingly higher prevalence of lipid abnormality, in a relatively large population, compared to previous studies. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our ultimate goal is to prevent the increasing prevalence of lipid abnormality and reduce the burden of CVD in rural China. (biomedcentral.com)
MetS3
- 60-75-year-old-women with MetS). (biomedcentral.com)
- The prevalence of MetS in the glaucoma group was 53% in comparison to 38% in the control group (p=0.037). (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
- A two-step procedure was conducted: first, individual age-dependent DM trajectories were calculated using linear mixed regressions based on random intercept (hours/day) and linear slopes (hours/day/year) and used as exposure measures in association with MetS at a second step. (biomedcentral.com)
Subcutaneous3
- Techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging made it possible to categorize mass of adipose tissue located at the abdominal level into intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat. (wikipedia.org)
- In old age, fat is redistributed from subcutaneous to intra-abdominal visceral depots as well as other ectopic sites, including bone marrow, muscle and the liver. (biomedcentral.com)
- 7 , 8 Although quantifying visceral and subcutaneous fat by computed tomography (CT) is the most accurate diagnostic method for abdominal obesity, CT use is limited because of high cost and risk of radiation exposure. (jomes.org)
Systolic blood pr1
- The authors found that increased waist circumference raised the risk of CHD, while increased hip girth seemed to confer some protection against CHD after adjustment for body mass index (BMI), age, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, cigarette smoking, physical activity, and alcohol intake. (myhealthywaist.org)
Modifiable2
- Diet is a modifiable risk factor for obesity. (biomedcentral.com)
- The increasing global trends in obesity and its associated burden of disease indicate a need to identify modifiable determinants of obesity. (nature.com)
Sedentary3
- The association of abdominal obesity and independent variables was assessed using the chi-square test and the magnitude of associations was verified using Binary Logistic Regression in an unadjusted model and adjusted for confounders (gender, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and sedentary behaviour). (bvsalud.org)
- Adolescents with abdominal obesity had higher values of body weight, height, body mass index and sedentary behaviour compared to eutrophic individuals. (bvsalud.org)
- Considered as by-products of the processes of accelerated urbanization and globalization, the consumption of high energy density foods, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity showed an increase in their prevalences in the last decades in middle- and low-income countries 2 2. (scielosp.org)
Children and adolescents2
- In Brazil, the prevalence ades, and is the the most frequently occurring cardiometa- of obesity among children and adolescents has demon- bolic factor among children and adolescents6,7. (bvsalud.org)
- The increased prevalence of obesity in Tehran children and adolescents is of concern and requires monitoring. (who.int)
Methods4
- Two common methods to assess the degree of obesity are measuring waist circumference, a surrogate for abdominal fat, and calculating the body mass index (BMI). (psychiatrist.com)
- Methods: We included 886 participants older than 55 years (645 men and 241 women). (unav.edu)
- Methods A total of 51 Spanish girls (age 7-16 years) with abdominal obesity underwent 8 weeks of a multidisciplinary intervention for weight loss. (unav.edu)
- MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 335 subjects (238 men and 97 women) were assessed for anthropometry, % body fat (BF), LBM and biochemical parameters. (keyopinionleaders.com)
Severe abdominal obesity1
Trends in obesity1
- However, recent reports suggest that long-term trends in obesity and diabetes rates are flattening. (medscape.com)
Diabetes prevalence1
- With rising obesity rates worldwide, diabetes prevalence has also climbed dramatically. (sdgln.com)
Potential confounders1
- After adjustment for multiple potential confounders, interval waist circumference increases were 0.77 cm for non-users, 1.76 cm for occasional users, and 3.04 cm for daily users. (sciencedaily.com)
Measurements4
- The quartiles of health-related physical fitness results were identified as the dependent variable in the multiple linear and multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the associations of the health-related physical fitness measurements with the BMI distribution and the overweight/obesity risk as well as the dose-response relationship. (researchsquare.com)
- Due to the limitations of BMI methodology, current reports by the World Health Organization and other organizations suggest combining the measurements of BMI and abdominal obesity [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Over the past few decades, researchers have been making great efforts to find better measurements for obesity and its complications. (annexpublishers.co)
- For the limited sample size, we used GRA to explore the relationships between different obesity measurements in children. (annexpublishers.co)
Study15
- [ 2 ] The study began in 1985-1986, recruiting black and white women and men aged 18-30 years at baseline. (medscape.com)
- Total about eighty-four elderly volunteers (28 males and 56 females) were included in this study. (biomedcentral.com)
- In our study, we investigated if and how obesity affects the relationship between menopausal age and the future risk of developing heart failure. (worldhealth.net)
- Investigators analyzed health data for nearly 4,500 postmenopausal women participating in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. (worldhealth.net)
- Women with a heart failure diagnosis before the fourth study visit were excluded from in the analysis for this study. (worldhealth.net)
- This study provided evidence that waist circumference predicted diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence in a sample of nearly 170,000 patients followed by primary care physicians in 63 countries worldwide. (myhealthywaist.org)
- The study is significant as 1,708 men and 892 women developed CHD over the course of follow-up. (myhealthywaist.org)
- 9,178 women) aged 23-64 years from the database were collected in this study. (researchsquare.com)
- Also, the study did not mention the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the study population, which is estimable at about 10% but can vary according to ethnicity (7). (imsociety.org)
- In 2009, the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and International Association for the Study of Obesity defined abdominal obesity in Asians as a waist circumference of ≥90 cm for males and ≥80 cm for females. (jomes.org)
- The International Day for the Evaluation of Abdominal Obesity (IDEA) study, involved a random sample of more than 6,000 family doctors in 63 countries, who measured the waists of all patients who consulted them on two half-days and took a detailed medical history. (skincaremanual.org)
- Experts have always thought that the more weight a person gains the higher their risk of a heart attack, but this study shows waist circumference matters more than weight. (skincaremanual.org)
- The study found that in men, the risk of heart disease increased by between 21 and 40 per cent for every 14cm (5.5in) increase in waist size. (skincaremanual.org)
- Still, a study found that the BMI has a standard error of the estimate (SEE) of 5% for men and 4.6% for women. (jorgenschaefer.de)
- Diet soda intake, waist circumference, height, and weight were measured at study onset, and at three follow-ups in 2000-01, 2001-03, and 2003-04, for a total of 9.4 follow-up years. (sciencedaily.com)
Populations1
- Moreover, low- and middle-income countries, such as China that traditionally had one of the leanest populations, are rapidly approaching the prevalence of overweight observed in more developed regions [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Negatively1
- It also negatively affects the global prevalence of obesity [5]. (who.int)
Body mass6
- Anthropometry was composed of body weight (kg), height (m), body mass index (BMI = kg/m²) and waist circumference (cm). (bvsalud.org)
- 95%). Height and weight were measured, body mass index (BMI), fat free mass (FFM), total body water (TBW), body fat mass (BFM), percentage of body fat (%BF), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), FFM of both upper limbs and lower limbs and FFM of trunk were estimated according to In-body 270. (preprints.org)
- CMD risk was assessed by anthropometry (body mass index, waist circumference), biochemistry (fasting blood glucose and lipids), and clinical (blood pressure) measures. (biomedcentral.com)
- Body mass index (BMI) was used to define the criteria for obesity. (jomes.org)
- Recent data emphasize the importance of abdominal obesity, as measured by waist circumference, as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of body mass index. (cdlnuclear.com)
- The whole sample included 454 men and 800 women with an average age of 37.9 +/- 0.3 years and a body mass index of 23.7 +/- 0.1 kg/m(2). (researchgate.net)
Participants4
- In the mobile examination center, the waist circumference of participants was measured just above the iliac crest to thenearest1 mm using a steel measuring tape. (cdc.gov)
- The sample included 1428 participants (681 men and 747 women) ages 25-43 years. (biomedcentral.com)
- All survey participants were eligible for the body measures component. (cdc.gov)
- The body measures data for these participants are not reported. (cdc.gov)
Intra-abdominal fat1
- It is now generally believed that intra-abdominal fat is the depot that conveys the biggest health risk. (wikipedia.org)
Population5
- Although, adherence to the MD diet was not associated with BMI in a large sample of European people, it was inversely associated with BMI and obesity in a Spanish population [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Even though BMI is commonly used for monitoring the occurrence of obesity in the population, it has numerous limitations. (hindawi.com)
- NHANES body measures data are used to monitor trends in infant and child growth, to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the U.S. population, and to examine the associations between body weight and the health and nutritional status of the U.S. population. (cdc.gov)
- The Sagittal Abdominal Diameter (SAD), a new measurement, was first obtained in the 2011-2012 survey cycle as a data collection effort to establish U.S. population-based reference ranges, and to improve the health risk assessments associated with body weight and obesity. (cdc.gov)
- It can be used to estimate the prevalence of obesity within a population and the risks associated with it. (jorgenschaefer.de)
Anthropometry1
- The Anthropometry Procedures Manual includes detailed descriptions of the quality assurance and quality control measures that are used in the NHANES anthropometry/body measures component. (cdc.gov)
Increase in waist1
- Several studies have previously shown that an increase in waist circumference increases CHD risk at any BMI level. (myhealthywaist.org)
Greater than 35 inches1
- According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, non-pregnant women with waist sizes greater than 35 inches and men with waist sizes greater than 40 inches are at an increased risk. (cdlnuclear.com)
Increases the risk of devel1
- We know that obesity increases the risk of developing heart failure, and the onset of menopause is associated with increased body fatness," said Ebong. (worldhealth.net)
Higher5
- The abdominal obesity prevalence was 17.5% (CI = 15.4%-19.6%), and was higher in boys than in girls. (bvsalud.org)
- Does Obesity Posses Higher Risk Of Diabetes? (sdgln.com)
- Obesity is defined by a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or higher. (sdgln.com)
- Higher levels of the 3MPKS test and relative grip strength were associated with lower BMI and overweight/obesity risk in both sexes. (researchsquare.com)
- Women with lower socioeconomic status and men in need of walking exercise also had a higher risk of abdominal obesity. (jomes.org)