• In both hemocytes and neural cells, morphine, not met-enkephalin, stimulated constitutive nitric oxide release in a naloxone antagonizable manner, demonstrating a mu opiate receptor mediated phenomenon and suggesting the presence of the mu opiate receptor subtype, micro3, since it is opiate alkaloid selective and opioid peptide insensitive. (nel.edu)
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a versatile messenger molecule first associated with endothelial relaxing effects. (frontiersin.org)
  • Evidence has been provided that activation of the vascular endothelial cells in the presence of the risk factors promotes oxidative stress and vascular inflammatory responses, leading to acceleration of atherosclerotic vascular disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • NO). Nitric oxide is also a heteronuclear diatomic molecule, a class of molecules whose study spawned early modern theories of chemical bonding. (wikipedia.org)
  • In mammals, including humans, nitric oxide is a signaling molecule in many physiological and pathological processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for discovering nitric oxide's role as a cardiovascular signalling molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitric oxide is a central molecule of the global nitrogen cycle. (mpg.de)
  • Nitric oxide is a fascinating and versatile molecule, important for all living things as well as our environment: It is highly reactive and toxic, it is used as a signaling molecule, it depletes the ozone layer in our planet's atmosphere and it is the precursor of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. (mpg.de)
  • Thus, each molecule of nitric oxide that is transformed into dinitrogen instead of nitrous oxide is one less molecule adding to climate change. (mpg.de)
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that regulates a diverse range of physiological and cellular processes in many tissues. (intechopen.com)
  • Nitric oxide should not be confused with nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a brown gas and major air pollutant, or with nitrous oxide (N2O), an anesthetic gas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitric oxide can also react directly with sodium methoxide, ultimately forming sodium formate and nitrous oxide by way of an N-methoxydiazeniumdiolate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The latter - the sole production of dinitrogen - is particularly intriguing: Some microbes convert nitric oxide to nitrous oxide, which is a potent greenhouse gas. (mpg.de)
  • In this way, anammox bacteria reduce the amount of nitric oxide available for nitrous oxide production, and reduce the amount of released greenhouse gas", Kartal explains. (mpg.de)
  • Our work is interesting in understanding how anammox bacteria can regulate nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from natural and man-made ecosystems, such as wastewater treatment plants, where these microorganisms contribute significantly to dinitrogen-release to the atmosphere. (mpg.de)
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is odorless and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) has only a very faint odor. (cdc.gov)
  • The toxicity of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) or laughing gas, which is used as an anesthetic, is different from that of the other nitrogen oxides and is not discussed in this protocol. (cdc.gov)
  • There are a number of reactive nitrogen oxide species, such as N2O3 and ONOO-, that can alter critical cellular components under high local concentrations of NO. However, NO can also abate the oxidation chemistry mediated by reactive oxygen species such as H2O2 and O2- that occurs at physiological levels of NO. In addition to the antioxidant chemistry, NO protects against cell death mediated by H2O2, alkylhydroperoxides, and xanthine oxidase. (researchgate.net)
  • In this presentation, learn how to detect the presence of oxidatively damaged DNA, quantify levels of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide, as well as how to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential. (immunochemistry.com)
  • The need for structure revision was explained by the following arguments: The authors of [1] showed that plebeianiol A has radical-scavenging properties and inhibits the production of both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. (acdlabs.com)
  • Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula NO. It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitric oxide is a colorless gas at room temperature, very sparingly soluble in water. (cdc.gov)
  • Upon condensing to a liquid, nitric oxide dimerizes to dinitrogen dioxide, but the association is weak and reversible. (wikipedia.org)
  • In detail, these microorganisms couple ammonium oxidation to nitric oxide reduction, producing nothing but dinitrogen gas in the process. (mpg.de)
  • Nitric oxide has been primarily thought of as a toxin, but now we show that anammox bacteria can make a living from converting nitric oxide to dinitrogen", says Kartal. (mpg.de)
  • Plasma homocysteine, asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (nih.gov)
  • Differences in nitric oxide steady states between arginine, hypoxanthine, uracil auxotrophs (AHU) and non-AHU strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae during anaerobic respiration in the presence of nitrite. (rochester.edu)
  • L-arginine delivers nitric oxide to the bloodstream in addition to making protein. (healthstatus.com)
  • Nitric oxide widens the blood capillaries in the bloodstream that benefit from treating some cardiovascular problems.L-Arginine is also added to various male enhancement products. (healthstatus.com)
  • The bacterial activator protein NorR binds to enhancer-like elements, upstream of the promoter site, and activates 54-dependent transcription of genes that encode nitric oxide detoxifying enzymes (NorVW), in response to NO stress. (strath.ac.uk)
  • Nitrogen oxides form naturally during the oxidation of nitrogen-containing compounds such as coal, diesel fuel, and silage. (cdc.gov)
  • They are produced commercially, usually as the first step in the production of nitric acid, either by the direct oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen in the electric arc (Birkeland-Eyder Process) or by the catalytic oxidation of anhydrous ammonia (Oswald Process). (cdc.gov)
  • According to the team from Guangdong Pharmaceutical University in China, these compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory activities on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Stimulation of the cells with interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide induced the production of nitric oxide and increased BH4 levels further. (aspetjournals.org)
  • When the cells were stimulated in the presence of 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP), an inhibitor of BH4 biosynthesis, biopterin levels decreased by 90% within 6 hr, whereas nitrite production was essentially unaffected. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Nitric oxide and biopterin: a study in Chiaroscuro. (jci.org)
  • In order to address this issue, we have examined the catalytically competent Fe(II)-loaded form of Pf MetAP-II ([Fe( Pf MetAP-II)]) in the absence and presence of both nitric oxide (NO) and the substrate-analogue inhibitor butaneboronic acid (BuBA) by kinetic and spectroscopic (EPR, UV−vis) methods. (bepress.com)
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is thought to be involved in E-LTP, but until now there has been no information about the role of the NO-signaling pathway in L-LTP. (jneurosci.org)
  • N. gonorrhoeae grows anaerobically by using the central two reactions of the denitrification pathway, reduction of nitrite by AniA and reduction of nitric oxide by NorB. (rochester.edu)
  • Nitrogen oxides are also pollutants discharged with exhaust gases, for example from combustion engines in cars, and are harmful to human health. (mpg.de)
  • Persons exposed only to nitrogen oxide gases do not pose substantial secondary contamination risks. (cdc.gov)
  • Nitrogen oxides represent a mixture of gases designated by the formula NO x . (cdc.gov)
  • Both nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide are gases at room temperature. (cdc.gov)
  • However, over the past 15 yrs, the measurement of diffusing capacity of the lung using the transfer gases nitric oxide (NO) and CO together permits one to obtain D m,CO and V c in a single-breath manoeuvre, thus allowing a similar distribution of the two gases and reducing the number of measurements and testing time by half 4 , 5 . (ersjournals.com)
  • A study by Boran Kartal from the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Germany, and colleagues reveals that microorganisms can grow on nitric oxide NO at concentrations that would be lethal to all other lifeforms. (mpg.de)
  • Now, Kartal and his group at Max Planck Institute in Bremen are exploring different ecosystems from all around the world, hunting for specialized nitric oxide converting microorganisms. (mpg.de)
  • Coumarins, also known as benzopyrones, are present in remarkable amounts in plants, although their presence has also been detected in microorganisms and animal sources. (benthamscience.com)
  • Nitrogen oxides are intermediates in the production of lacquers, dyes, and other chemicals and are important components of photo-oxidant smog. (cdc.gov)
  • "The results indicated that the NO inhibitory activity of durian shells may be due to the presence of glycosides and triterpenoids," ​ the research paper stated. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Nitric oxide is rapidly oxidized in air at high concentrations to form nitrogen dioxide. (cdc.gov)
  • Nitrogen oxides (NO 2 , N 2 O 4 , N 2 O 3 and N2O5) are irritating to the upper respiratory tract and lungs even at low concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • Nitric oxide concentration can be determined using a chemiluminescent reaction involving ozone. (wikipedia.org)
  • A sample containing nitric oxide is mixed with a large quantity of ozone. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nitric oxide reacts with the ozone to produce oxygen and nitrogen dioxide, accompanied with emission of light (chemiluminescence): NO + O3 → NO2 + O2 + hν which can be measured with a photodetector. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gas-phase reaction products and yields of terpinolene with ozone and nitric oxide using a new derivatization agent. (cdc.gov)
  • So-called NONOate compounds are also used for nitric oxide generation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aside from these two receptors, evidence exists supporting the presence of yet uncloned cannabinoid receptors, a hypothesis predominantly based on pharmacological activity of cannabinoid compounds in CB1 and CB2 receptor-deficient mice or following the administration of 'selective' CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists (Jarai et al. (420magazine.com)
  • Nitrogen oxides are also formed during arc welding, electroplating, engraving, dynamite blasting, as components of rocket fuel, and nitration reactions such as in the production of nitro-explosives, including gun-cotton, dynamite and TNT. (cdc.gov)
  • Real-time nitric oxide production was determined via an amperometric probe. (nel.edu)
  • Tetrahydrobiopterin is required for cytokine-induced nitric oxide production in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264). (aspetjournals.org)
  • The murine macrophage cell line RAW 264 constitutively synthesizes tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the cofactor required for the hydroxylation of the aromatic amino acids and for the production of nitric oxide. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Nitric oxide helps manage insulin, and it also assists with balancing metabolism, energy levels, and blood sugar levels. (yourlawyer.com)
  • On contact with moisture, nitrogen dioxide forms a mixture of nitric and nitrous acids. (cdc.gov)
  • The mixture includes nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), nitrogen trioxide (N 2 O 3 ), nitrogen tetroxide (N 2 O 4 ), and nitrogen pentoxide (N 2 O 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this work is to investigate the performance of catalysts consisting of two metal oxides supported on alumina (SOR10-III and SO10-IV) in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with two representative components of diesel exhaust, namely propylene and dodecane, as reductants. (aiche.org)
  • Kartal and his colleagues from Radboud University in the Netherlands have now discovered that the anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria directly use nitric oxide to grow. (mpg.de)
  • show this method can be used for examining other physiological conditions, such as exposure to nitric oxide and osmotic pressure. (osti.gov)
  • Odor generally provides an adequate warning of acute exposure providing the higher oxides (NO 2 , N 2 O 4 and N 2 O 5 ) are present. (cdc.gov)
  • The primary route of exposure to nitrogen oxides is by inhalation, but exposure by any route can cause systemic effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most intriguing molecules to be found in the brain. (frontiersin.org)
  • cis- and trans-acting elements involved in regulation of norB (norZ), the gene encoding nitric oxide reductase in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (rochester.edu)
  • Moreover, other microbes than the ones investigated here could be using nitric oxide directly as well. (mpg.de)
  • The study noted that most mouthwashes use antibacterial ingredients, which could disrupt oral microbes that are essential for forming nitric oxide. (yourlawyer.com)
  • The purpose of the study was to evaluate nicotine levels and the presence of tobacco-derived toxins in tobacco-flavoured conventional and NET liquids. (mdpi.com)
  • Children exposed to the same levels of nitrogen oxides as adults may receive larger doses because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and increased minute volumes:weight ratios. (cdc.gov)
  • An important intermediate in industrial chemistry, nitric oxide forms in combustion systems and can be generated by lightning in thunderstorms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presence of AniA and NorB allows the gonococcus to produce and degrade nitric oxide (NO), known to be an important modulator of the host innate immune system and signal transduction pathways. (rochester.edu)
  • The presence of agmatine in neurons and astrocytes has been demonstrated by immunohistochemical examination with anti-agmatine antibody (Regunathan et al. (psicothema.com)
  • The Traube reaction is the addition of a two equivalents of nitric oxide onto an enolate, giving a diazeniumdiolate (also called a nitrosohydroxylamine). (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, nitric oxide reacts with acetone and an alkoxide to form a diazeniumdiolate on each α position, with subsequent loss of methyl acetate as a by-product: This reaction, which was discovered around 1898, remains of interest in nitric oxide prodrug research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Limonene ozonolysis in the presence of nitric oxide: gas-phase reaction products and yields. (cdc.gov)
  • In this prospective single-center study, patients with CHD were analyzed according to the presence or absence of PAH and compared with healthy control subjects. (nih.gov)
  • These study results should be treated with caution, due to the presence of confounding factors that might also distinguish between NEC and control infants. (osti.gov)
  • The bright red color is due to the presence of iron-containing cytochrome c proteins in the cells. (mpg.de)
  • Although the use of a term such as orthostatic intolerance logically implies the presence of signs and symptoms when upright, variations in blood flow and blood pressure (BP) regulation are also found when supine or sitting, but these may require special equipment to detect and therefore may not be easily discernable until orthostatic stress becomes evident. (medscape.com)
  • In an unusual twist the authors proposed the presence of an isopropyl group on the B ring at the carbon at 26.4 ppm and a phenolic hydroxyl group in the location typical of the abietane isopropyl group at the carbon at 141.6 ppm. (acdlabs.com)
  • The American lobster, Homarus americanus, contains morphine that is coupled to nitric oxide release in its nervous and immune tissues: Evidence for neurotransmitter and hormonal signaling. (nel.edu)
  • In addition the aggregation of Aβ42 in form of the highly toxic oligomers is incremented by the presence of peroxynitrite. (upf.edu)
  • The Janus face of nitric oxide (NO) has prompted a debate as to whether NO plays a deleterious or protective role in tissue injury. (researchgate.net)
  • instead the vasoprotective nitric oxide (NO ⋅ ), plays a critical role in vascular dysfunction under various pathophysiological conditions and in aging. (frontiersin.org)