Phosphate estersSynthesisMethylHydrolysisSynthesized usingEthyl esterSecondary AlcoholsCarboxylicAlcoholPhorbolSolventsBiodegradationSolidsFatty acidsEcgonineCompoundsConcentrationsLiquidsAmideEsterificationStableOrganicFormationReactionTendAtomsOxidationAromaFunctionalTrace amountsFractionExposureLaboratoryAcidicGroupsDetect the presenceChemicalCocaineSummaryHighFoundBondMethodGiveProductsArticleSensitiveVarietyExamplesMaltFreeSignificantDateDetermineAbsence
Phosphate esters4
- Generally, most phosphate esters are poorly soluble in water and adsorb strongly to soils. (cdc.gov)
- Phosphate esters are subject to biodegradation in aquatic and terrestrial environments. (cdc.gov)
- Breathing contaminated outdoor air: Hydraulic fluid is the primary source of phosphate esters in outdoor air. (cdc.gov)
- the hydrolysis of phosphate esters in McKeown procedures). (who.int)
Synthesis7
- Extending this work, immobilised lipases have novel capabilities in the synthesis of sugar esters. (researchgate.net)
- These advantages motivated the research team to develop an efficient synthesis route for the synthesis of sulfinate esters via direct oxidation of thioesters. (sciencedaily.com)
- Compared to conventional preparation methods of sulfinate esters from other sulfur surrogates, the superior accessibility of aryl iodides from a wide variety of aromatic compounds will enable the synthesis of highly functionalized sulfinate esters, " remarks Dr. Yoshida. (sciencedaily.com)
- For example, sulfinate esters are used in the synthesis of sulfonamide-containing compounds, which have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory activities. (sciencedaily.com)
- Further studies towards finding applications for the preparation of bioactive organosulfur derivatives, as well as the synthesis of bis-sulfinate esters, are underway in our laboratory. (sciencedaily.com)
- Esters are comparatively easy to synthesize when such synthesis is performed in a laboratory environment with suitable apparatus and suitable analytical instrumentation to evaluate the product and efforts at purification. (yarchive.net)
- This is really the same answer as in the previous question, but I suspect that extraction and separation is probably easier for certain esters than synthesis. (yarchive.net)
Methyl11
- Two major routes account for cocaine's metabolism: (1) enzymatic metabolism by both liver esterases and plasma cholinesterase to ecgonine methyl ester and (2) nonenzymatic degradation to benzoylecgonine. (medscape.com)
- The metabolites ecgonine methyl ester and benzoylecgonine are excreted in the urine. (medscape.com)
- This document specifies a method for the determination of the oxidation stability of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) at 110 °C, by means of measuring the induction period up to 48 h. (sis.se)
- NOTE 1 EN 15751 [1] describes a similar test method for oxidation stability determination of pure fatty acid methyl esters and of blends of FAME with petroleum-based diesel containing 2 % (V/V) of FAME at minimum. (sis.se)
- The difference between these two substances is merely the presence of two methyl groups connected to the cyclohexane rings. (europa.eu)
- The doleoyl- phosphatidylcholine fraction was transesterified and the resulting single C-14 labeled fatty acid methyl ester was purified by reverse phase chromatography. (cdc.gov)
- Desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry with ammonia as reagent gas as well as desorption electron impact mass spectrometry permitted identification of the molecular structure as a mixture of 9 and 10 (trichloromethyl)stearate methyl esters. (cdc.gov)
- The methyl xanthate ester is presented as a versatile protective group for alcohols. (lu.se)
- Hydroxyl groups can easily be transformed into methyl xanthate esters by several methods and are commonly used as an auxiliary in the Barton-McCombie reaction. (lu.se)
- We show that these methyl xanthate esters can readily and chemoselectively be cleaved under mild conditions by the action of diethylenetriamine using microwave heating. (lu.se)
- This method is orthogonal to many common hydroxyl protective groups that can be introduced and cleaved in the presence of methyl xanthate ester. (lu.se)
Hydrolysis1
- 2012. Use of bacteria for rapid, pH neutral, hydrolysis of hydrophobic carboxylic acid esters useful in synthetic chemistry. (csun.edu)
Synthesized using1
- Sulfinate esters, a type of organosulfur compounds, are typically synthesized using thiols. (sciencedaily.com)
Ethyl ester1
- N-Phenylacetyl-l-prolylglycine ethyl ester is promoted as a nootropic and is a prodrug of cyclic glycine-proline. (wikipedia.org)
Secondary Alcohols2
- The Committee evaluated a group of 25 flavouring agents consisting of alicyclic ketones, secondary alcohols and related esters (see Table 1). (inchem.org)
- The total annual volume of production of the 25 alicyclic ketones, secondary alcohols and related esters in this group is approximately 520 kg in Europe (International Organization of the Flavor Industry, 1995) and 310 kg in the USA (Lucas et al. (inchem.org)
Carboxylic2
- Most importantly, it carries the potential to produce various sulfinate esters from easily available starting materials, including carboxylic acids, anilines, and a wide variety of aryl iodides. (sciencedaily.com)
- By this method, esters are produced by refluxing a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of a concentrated acid catalyst. (thermofisher.com)
Alcohol1
- Which functional group does not contain oxygen amine alcohol ester ketone? (answers.com)
Phorbol8
- The mechanism of activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel by 4α-phorbol esters was investigated by combining information from chemical modification of 4α-phorbol-didecanoate (4α-PDD, 2a ), site-directed mutagenesis, Ca 2+ imaging, and electrophysiology. (acs.org)
- Binding of 4α-phorbol esters occurs in a loop in the TM3−TM4 domain of TRPV4 that is analogous to the capsaicin binding site of TRPV1, and the ester decoration of ring C and the A,B ring junction are critical for activity. (acs.org)
- Only PKCγ was found to have been translocated to the membrane fraction when secretion of 5-HT was evoked by ↑[Ca 2+ ] e or phorbol esters. (jneurosci.org)
- ProTGF-alpha cleavage is activated in response to tumor-promoting phorbol ester or to calcium ionophore. (nih.gov)
- The enzyme activity was about 5-6-fold increased by exposure of the cells with phorbol ester or with calcium ionophore. (nih.gov)
- The enzyme was partially purified from membranes of phorbol ester-treated CHO cells. (nih.gov)
- These findings suggest that the enzyme is a processing protease involved in the cleavage of proTGF-alpha and that induction of proTGF-alpha conversion by phorbol ester or by calcium ionophore can be attributed to activation of the processing protease. (nih.gov)
- In the cell-free reconstitution system, the membrane-bound Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-MCA-hydrolyzing enzyme from CHO cells was also activated by phorbol ester in the presence of the soluble fraction, ATP, and vanadate. (nih.gov)
Solvents2
- Some of these 6′-lactose esters were synthesized employing green solvents such as acetone [8, 9] . (researchgate.net)
- Since many esters are used as industrial solvents, such exposure can occur. (yarchive.net)
Biodegradation1
Solids1
- Those esters which are solids tend to have low melting points. (yarchive.net)
Fatty acids1
- Firstly, short-chained (that is, having a short chain of atoms) fatty acids are esterified into short-chained esters, which have a fruity flavour and smell. (themanufacturer.com)
Ecgonine1
- The presence of ecgoninemethyl ester, ecgonine, tropacocaine, norcocaine, cis- and trans- cinnamoyl cocaine and benzoylecgonine were also identified. (erowid.org)
Compounds9
- In a recent study published in Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry on 11 August 2023, a research team from Japan has come up with a new approach to synthesize sulfinate esters, a subclass of organosulfur compounds, using thioesters. (sciencedaily.com)
- Moreover, sulfinate esters can help synthesize functional polymers and agrochemicals and serve as reagents in analytical chemistry techniques to detect the presence of specific compounds or functional groups. (sciencedaily.com)
- however, in comparison to many other organic compounds, esters are rather benign. (yarchive.net)
- More recent evidence suggests that tropical fruit aromas are also caused by other aroma compounds besides thiols, such as fermentation esters, or the interaction between these volatile families . (infowine.com)
- These acids and phenolic compounds esterify, producing long-chained esters. (themanufacturer.com)
- Few organofluorine compounds exist naturally ( C&EN, May 22, page 12 ), meaning that almost all must be made. (acs.org)
- Esters are a class of compounds found widely in nature. (thermofisher.com)
- Feldmann retorts that mass spectrometry allows for more specific identification of individual compounds rather than simply indicating their presence, as in paper chromatography. (the-scientist.com)
- These esters, under the presence of zinc chloride, undergo Fries conversion and form the corresponding ketone compounds. (go.jp)
Concentrations2
- Treatment wines were composed of additions of different concentrations and combinations of thiols and/or esters. (infowine.com)
- According to the up-to-date criteria, the acute Daphnia test (Bayer AG, 1998) has strong restrictions, such as no monitoring of test concentrations for hydrolytically unstable substance and the presence of undissolved particles in the test vessels. (europa.eu)
Liquids1
- Most of the esters used in flavorings and fragrances are liquids, so you won't find much in the way of crystals. (yarchive.net)
Amide3
- NHS esters) with azide group though a stable amide bond for subsequent ligation to terminal alkynes via CuAAC reaction, strained cyclooctynes (e.g. (vectorlabs.com)
- Allergy to anesthesia: Consider using procaine (an ester anesthetic) in patients with true allergy to lidocaine or bupivacaine (amide anesthetics). (medscape.com)
- Note that anesthetics are divided into 2 classes: amide and ester. (medscape.com)
Esterification1
- Esterification results in the elimination of water, and in the formation of a chemical compound known as an ester. (themanufacturer.com)
Stable3
- Sisterna sucrose esters are stable at pH values between 4 and 8. (sisterna.com)
- Now, a research team has found a way to produce sulfinate esters through the direct oxidation of thioesters, which are easily accessible and stable. (sciencedaily.com)
- The process is thermodynamically controlled yielding the most stable ester product. (thermofisher.com)
Organic1
- A specific overview regarding synthetic methodologies and properties of 6′-lactose-based surfactants is presented herein, particularly all the synthetic approaches to this class of lactose esters, such as enzymatic and traditional organic syntheses. (researchgate.net)
Formation2
- Afterwards, the thioester was directly oxidized in the presence of N -bromosuccinimide, which created an intricate reaction pathway culminating with the formation of a sulfinate ester. (sciencedaily.com)
- Absense of an condensation agent, such as zinc chloride, in this reaction, results in the formation of mono- and di-esters of resorcinol. (go.jp)
Reaction2
- In this work, we developed a rapid method for the preparation of starch esters by increasing reaction efficiency and decreasing the reaction time. (usda.gov)
- The reaction mechanism involves initial protonation of the carboxyl group, nucleophilic attack by the hydroxyl, proton transfer, and loss of water followed by loss of the catalyzing acid to produce the ester. (thermofisher.com)
Tend1
- Low molecular weight esters tend to have characteristic flavors and pleasant odors that are most often associated with essential oils, even though essential oils are a complex mixture. (thermofisher.com)
Atoms1
- Thioesters have essentially the same chemical structure as esters, except that one or two oxygen atoms are replaced by sulfur atoms. (sciencedaily.com)
Oxidation1
- It is likely that the oxidation stability of pure FAMEs is also reduced in the presence of EHN when EN 14112 is used for testing. (sis.se)
Aroma4
- Aroma of tart raspberry notes with some funky ester and some oak presence. (beeradvocate.com)
- Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of combining esters and/or thiols to determine their impact on the fruitiness aroma perception of white wines. (infowine.com)
- This study showed that esters and thiols are necessary for tropical fruit aroma causation in white wines . (infowine.com)
- However, when it is esterified with ethanol, the resulting ester, ethyl butyrate, has the aroma of a pineapple. (themanufacturer.com)
Functional2
- All of these chains contain the element Carbon but they are characterized differently due to the presence of different functional groups, for example: The functional group of a Ketone is a double bond to an Oxygen. (answers.com)
- The ester functional group can be synthesized by many methods. (thermofisher.com)
Trace amounts1
- Ingesting contaminated food: Most foods have been found to contain trace amounts of phosphate ester flame retardants due to their wide use in plastics and presence in the environment. (cdc.gov)
Fraction1
- You must bear in mind that my list was but a small fraction of esters which have been identified in fruits. (yarchive.net)
Exposure1
- This public health statement tells you about phosphate ester flame retardants and the effects of exposure to them. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory1
- I suspect your real question is: can esters be synthesized in a home laboratory environment? (yarchive.net)
Acidic1
- In addition to the aforementioned, acidic polysaccharides-specifically sulfated glycosaminoglycans-whose presence has been shown by using electrophoretic and chromatographic methods in Eisenia andrei [ 13 ] also fulfil important biological functions. (hindawi.com)
Groups4
- The lipophilic ester groups on ring C serve mainly as a steering element, affecting the orientation of the diterpenoid core into the ligand binding pocket, while the nature of the A,B ring junction plays an essential role in the Ca 2+ -dependence of the TRPV4 response. (acs.org)
- 3-Azidopropylamine is a building block that can be used to derivatize carbonyl groups in the presence of activators (e.g. (vectorlabs.com)
- To develop this elastomer, the scientists equipped a polyester (polymer having ester group) with thermoreactive and photoreactive groups, which react to heat and light, respectively. (sciencedaily.com)
- They then followed a two-step process in which the thermoreactive groups first underwent thermal cross-linking and then the photoreactive group formed cross-links in presence of UV light. (sciencedaily.com)
Detect the presence1
- Drug screens detect the presence of benzoylecgonine, which may be present in the urine for 2-3 days, depending on the dose and chronicity of usage. (medscape.com)
Chemical1
- Phosphate ester flame retardants can change chemical composition in the environment. (cdc.gov)
Cocaine1
- An aliquot of the sample was submitted to a different analytical procedure to establish the percentage of purity of cocaine and the presence of major and minor impurities. (erowid.org)
Summary1
- This Public Health Statement is the summary chapter from the Toxicological Profile for Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants . (cdc.gov)
High5
- The optimised conditions for sugar fatty acid ester syntheses are 48 h at 2:1 of molar ratio of lactose sugar to capric acid at 55 °C. Furthermore, a high operational stability with half-lives of over 13 and 10 runs was achieved for NER-CRL and Amino-CRL, respectively, indicating the efficiency of the immobilisation process. (researchgate.net)
- Addition of a too high amount of electrolytes may cause flocculation of the sucrose esters. (sisterna.com)
- Using chiral propargylic esters, bicyclic products were prepared in high optical purity by the intramolecular [5 + 2] cycloadditions. (degruyter.com)
- Tita Ester was in high spirits. (victory.org.ph)
- After incubation of these vesicles under a nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of NADPH with carbon-14 (C-14) labeled CCl4, the phospholipids were extracted and then separated by high performance liquid chromatography. (cdc.gov)
Found4
- Phosphate ester flame retardants have been found in at least 8 of the 1,699 current or former NPL sites. (cdc.gov)
- Although the total number of NPL sites evaluated for these substances is not known, the possibility exists that the number of sites at which phosphate ester flame retardants are found may increase in the future as more sites are evaluated. (cdc.gov)
- He found out that his name is Ester, and she was fighting breast cancer. (victory.org.ph)
- Before long, he found himself crying with Tita Ester. (victory.org.ph)
Bond1
- At pH values above 8, saponification of the ester bond may occur. (sisterna.com)
Method1
- NOTE 2 Limited studies on EN 15751 with EHN (2-ethyl hexyl nitrate) on FAME blends indicated that the stability is reduced to an extent which is within the reproducibility of the test method. (sis.se)
Give2
- The resulting esters give such flavours and smells to the liquor as that of honey, flowers, and nuts. (themanufacturer.com)
- from a simple one-page website to give you presence on the Internet to complex content management websites that are very user friendly. (cortesisland.com)
Products3
- Phosphate ester flame retardants are human-made chemicals added to consumer and industrial products for the purpose of reducing flammability. (cdc.gov)
- Phosphate ester flame retardants are released to the environment from industrial sources and disposal of consumer products containing flame retardants. (cdc.gov)
- Ester Strijbos is a graphic/web designer who generates multimedia products that help position your business effectively in today s ever changing website design and marketing landscape. (cortesisland.com)
Article1
- Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. (acs.org)
Sensitive1
- Sucrose esters are also sensitive to electrolytes. (sisterna.com)
Variety1
- The pharmacological market offers a variety of testosterone esters, but the greatest popularity in the USA for a long time was Testosterone Cypionate. (mypressplus.com)
Examples1
- Fats are examples of esters. (themanufacturer.com)
Malt2
- Balance towards malt but with noticeable hop presence. (untappd.com)
- S: An apparatus that casually shrouds bourbon, for the more overt presence on ruby port with an enriched malt depth, as hops facilitate a poise. (beeradvocate.com)
Free2
- Create an account below to get 6 C&EN articles per month, receive newsletters and more - all free. (acs.org)
- Call Ester at 250-204-2116 for a free estimate today. (cortesisland.com)
Significant1
- 165 U/L were 3.29 times more likely to have lymph node involvement than patients with ALP levels 165 U/L. There was no statistically significant correlation between ALP level and sex, age, tumour histological type, site and size of tumour, depth of penetration, distant metastasis, degree of differentiation, presence of lymphatic invasion and presence of simultaneous multiple cancers. (who.int)
Date1
- ACS's Standard Package lets you stay up to date with C&EN, stay active in ACS, and save. (acs.org)
Determine1
- If you are exposed to phosphate ester flame retardants, many factors will determine whether you will be harmed. (cdc.gov)
Absence1
- Mineralogical analysis of original and treated samples provided better insights into the structural and phase changes following microbial treatment in presence and absence of Span-80. (researchgate.net)