Precipitation of particles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Acid Precipitation: Effects of Sulfur Dioxide and Sulfate Aerosol Particles on Human Health. (epa.gov)
In the Amazon region, downdrafts bring aerosol particles from higher altitudes to the atmospheric layer where clouds form. (mpg.de)
For clouds to form in the atmosphere, moisture alone is not sufficient: there must also be aerosol particles that serve as condensation nuclei for the cloud droplets. (mpg.de)
Therefore, an international team of scientists investigated the origin of aerosol particles at a very remote location in the natural forest. (mpg.de)
They entrain the smaller particles from the upper troposphere at a height of several kilometers downwards and feed the boundary layer close to the ground surface with aerosol particles. (mpg.de)
In this article, the scientists explain how they measured the size and concentration of the aerosol particles above the tropical rain forest. (mpg.de)
At a height of 60 meters, well above the tree canopy, the research team collected air samples that were analyzed for the number and size of aerosol particles. (mpg.de)
The science of climate and climate change involves study of the interaction between clouds, atmospheric radiation and aerosol particles. (lu.se)
I want to try and explain variations in the prevalence of aerosol particles, and I have recently become interested in the stratospheric zone" explains Johan Friberg, researcher at MERGE (ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system) at Lund University. (lu.se)
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, and it contains three quarters of the atmosphere's total mass, including almost all water vapour and aerosol particles. (lu.se)
Aerosol particles can both spread and absorb sunlight, which can have cooling or warming effects on the climate. (lu.se)
In the stratosphere, the aerosol particles affect the ozone, causing it to break down and making the protective layer thinner. (lu.se)
My latest reserach projects concerns how volcanic aerosol particles impact cirrus clouds and how biogenic vapors from vegetation can impact climate. (lu.se)
These grids serve as a substrate for the adherence of collected aerosol particles. (lu.se)

The alpha′ precipitation in Fe-Cr alloys under electron, neutron and ion irradiations is modelled by cluster dynamics and atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. (hal.science)
In an effort to separate the temporal and spatial variations of the aurora, we use electron and ion precipitation data from two co-orbiting satellites, F6 and F8 of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). (unh.edu)
We find that the electron precipitation exhibits a decreasing correlation between the two spacecraft with increasing time lag, whereas there is only a small similar effect for the ion precipitation data. (unh.edu)
Currently, my main research question focuses on quantifying the level and significance of electron precipitation out of the Van Allen radiation belts into the Earth's atmosphere. (otago.ac.nz)
Particle‐in‐cell experiments examine electron diffusion by whistler‐mode waves: 2. (bas.ac.uk)
Test particle codes indicate that electron dynamics due to interactions with low amplitude incoherent whistler mode‐waves can be adequately described by quasi‐linear theory. (bas.ac.uk)
Therefore, the proper description of electron dynamics in response to wave‐particle interactions with higher amplitude whistler‐mode waves may require Fokker‐Planck equations that incorporate diffusive and advective terms. (bas.ac.uk)
Primary collisional processes lead to excitation, dissociation and ionization of the most abundant species (N2, O2, O), a source of nitric oxides mainly in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (70--150 km) related to high-energy electron precipitation from the aurora and radiation belts, but extending down to the upper stratosphere (about 40 km) in strong solar proton events and geomagnetic storms. (craq-astro.ca)

Primary biological aerosol particle (PBAPs) have a distinctive role because they initiate both cloud droplets and, at remarkably warm sub-zero temperatures, ice crystals. (lu.se)
They also affect cloud formation since water does not condense by itself, it needs particles in order to form cloud droplets. (lu.se)

Magnetite-deposition on the AgI/SiO 2 particles was performed preparing the magnetite by the homogeneous precipitation method using 1.0×10 -2 M iron chloride and 5.0 M urea in the presence of the AgI/SiO 2 particles ([AgI] = 2.0×10 -4 M). Tiny magnetite nanoparticles were deposited on the AgI/SiO 2 particle surface. (elsevierpure.com)
These results confirmed that the homogeneous precipitation method was suitable to magnetite-deposition. (elsevierpure.com)

Ionization in the atmosphere is mainly caused by cosmic ray particles, which have their origin outside our solar system. (nature.com)
These include, but are not limited to, satelite-projects, radars, the dynamics when particles enters the atmosphere, and research from the Kjell Henriksen Observatory on Svalbard. (uib.no)
We collaborate with other groups, to determine the significance of this precipitation to the chemistry of the atmosphere. (otago.ac.nz)
Aurorae occur when charged particles emitted by the Sun slam into Earth's atmosphere, imparting energy to the molecules there that is subsequently released as light. (astronomy.com)
Aurorae are caused by charged particle precipitation in the atmosphere. (astronomy.com)
Airglow is a general term used to describe optical light generated by chemical reactions when the solar wind interacts with particles in the upper atmosphere. (astronomy.com)
Energetic particles precipitating into the atmosphere at high latitudes can have a significant impact on atmospheric composition, temperatures and dynamics. (craq-astro.ca)
Ozone is the main driver of radiative heating and cooling in this altitude region, and this modulation of ozone by energetic particle precipitation therefore starts a chain of dynamical coupling mechanism leading to changes in temperatures and wind fields over wide areas of the atmosphere, possibly even down to tropospheric weather systems. (craq-astro.ca)
Here, the sulfuric acid particles from anthropogenic sources are missing and the atmosphere in the rainy season is almost as clear as in preindustrial times. (mpg.de)
All particles that reach the atmosphere cause different chemical reactions. (lu.se)
What role do particles play in the atmosphere? (lu.se)
Their findings indicate the fuel types produce different, but unintended effects on particle emissions and therefore, our atmosphere. (lu.se)

What are the effects of particle precipitation on the atmospheric system? (uib.no)
They found out that the rain is generating further rain by downdrafts entraining fine particles from the upper atmospheric layers to the layer where clouds are formed. (mpg.de)
Rain clouds above the Amazon rainforest: Downdrafts accompanying precipitation entrain smaller particles from higher altitudes to the atmospheric boundary layer where clouds are formed. (mpg.de)
However, the majority of particles is formed from atmospheric gas molecules and starts out at a size of only a few millionths of a millimeter (nanometers). (mpg.de)
The particle distribution at this level is very representative for the distribution in the atmospheric boundary layer, because the air is well mixed throughout this layer. (mpg.de)
A series of images depicts a section of Bonnie as seen by the Multispectral Atmospheric Mapping Sensor (MAMS, strips 1 and 2) and the Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR, strips 4-6) carried by the ER-2 over Hurricane Bonnie on August 26, 1998. (nasa.gov)

Co-precipitation technique using chlorides of constituents was used to prepare fine particles Ni-Zn ferrites. (aku.edu)

The technique the Chinese use involves firing rockets carrying a payload of silver iodide particles into the clouds. (newscientist.com)
to sow or scatter (clouds) with crystals or particles of silver iodide, solid carbon dioxide, etc., to induce precipitation. (dictionary.com)

The purpose of this study is to utilize an orographic precipitation model to provide fine resolution winter precipitation fields of the Juneau Icefield, one of the largest ice masses in North America, to be used for the improvement of mass balance modeling efforts in this region. (frontiersin.org)

What is the role of energetic particles from thunderstorms in geospace? (uib.no)
Today BCSS participates in a range of international networks, and works with the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, investigating the effect of energetic particles from space on the Earth climate. (uib.no)

While the average particle size was around 100 nanometers before the precipitation events, it dropped to below 50 nanometers directly after the rain. (mpg.de)
The average particle size was about 7 nm. (cdc.gov)

Article: Magnetic and microwave absorption property of SrAl 4 Fe 8 O 19 powders synthesised via co-precipitation method Journal: International Journal of Nanomanufacturing (IJNM) 2011 Vol.7 No.1 pp.30 - 38 Abstract: Al-substituted M-type hexaferrite is a high anisotropy material. (inderscience.com)

For densely populated and polluted areas, the mechanism behind new particle formation is very well known: emissions from fossil fuel burning release sulfur dioxide, which then forms particles of sulfuric acid. (mpg.de)

Irradiation is found to accelerate the precipitation by orders of magnitude, except for the case of ion irradiation at high doses rates, where the simulations predict a ballistic dissolution of α′ precipitates. (hal.science)
The precipitates produced bythis process are referred to as soft particles. (kth.se)

The aqueous reductive precipitation of palladium metal has been studied in semibatch stirred tank reactors. (iastate.edu)
A study of the precipitation of platinum from dilute aqueous solution. (cdc.gov)

Ice crystals then form from super-cooled liquid water in the clouds, using the particles as nucleation points. (newscientist.com)
A mathematical model based on a steady-state particle population balance that relates the particle size distribution to nucleation and growth kinetics and operating parameters was compared with experimental particle size distributions. (cdc.gov)

1] Knowledge of the dominant temporal and spatial scales of auroral features is instrumental in understanding the various mechanisms responsible for auroral particle precipitation. (unh.edu)
They concluded that STEVE was likely a SAID, or sub auroral ion drift, which is a supersonic stream of charged particles that can sometimes form during auroral events. (astronomy.com)

In order to accurately predict particle size distributions (PSDs) in precipitation reactions, local variations in hydrodynamics, degree of supersaturation, and particle size distributions need to be accurately tracked. (iastate.edu)

Here, they can grow to larger particles, which can serve as condensation nuclei for cloud formation. (mpg.de)
These stones may be passed as a sandy sludge or as larger particles that may obstruct urine flow and increase the risk of hematuria and urinary tract infections. (medscape.com)

At the ground station, they registered a substantial increase in the smaller particles after rain or storm events. (mpg.de)
This is explained by the downdrafts that accompany rainy and stormy weather conditions and entrain the smaller particles from the upper troposphere to the near-ground boundary layer. (mpg.de)
Through systemic originate from both the Sahara and the Arabian Penin- circulation, smaller particles and toxic substances in desert dust may be transported to all tissues and previous sula deserts ( 3 ). (who.int)

Discretized Population Balance (DPB) methods can accurately model precipitation process in well-mixed, uniform shear environments, but the implementation of DPB routines into CFD codes results in intractable problems. (iastate.edu)
Net snow accumulation derived from the LT model precipitation agrees well with point observations across the icefield. (frontiersin.org)

On the Origin of STEVE: Particle Precipitation or Ionospheric Skyglow? (nsf.gov)
article{osti_10085404, place = {Country unknown/Code not available}, title = {On the Origin of STEVE: Particle Precipitation or Ionospheric Skyglow? (nsf.gov)

These downdrafts form in the presence of precipitation and thunderstorms. (mpg.de)

We used positively charged glass wool and polyethylene glycol precipitation for virus concentration. (cdc.gov)

growth of ice crystals to form snow ('ice crystal process'), which may rime to form graupel/hail or may fall out as 'cold' precipitation. (lu.se)
T h of fluid inclusions in early calcite crystals, ranging from 65 to 78 ºC, provide minimum entrapment temperatures for carbonate precipitation and early recrystallization. (lu.se)

The reason being that any changes in ion-nucleated aerosol number density get attenuated by absorption on existing aerosols before the particles can grow to CCN. (nature.com)

The magnetite-deposited AgI/SiO 2 particles were ferromagnetic, and were drawn close to magnet. (elsevierpure.com)

New metrics to evaluate the relationship between particulate matter and health are also being considered, including particle number concentration, particle composition measures, and particle oxidative load. (cdc.gov)

A method for magnetite-deposition on AgI-SiO 2 core-shell (AgI/SiO 2 ) particles is proposed. (elsevierpure.com)
Most of these were based on the use of catalyst particles, including the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) route. (springer.com)

They could show that downdrafts above the rain forest are responsible for the transport of the finest particles down to lower layers. (mpg.de)
The signal from ice particles is less strong than from liquid precipitation (rain) and is shown in red. (nasa.gov)
We have discovered that the ice crystal process produces most of the precipitation at middle latitudes, but that the warm rain process prevails in the tropics. (lu.se)

In this talk, the most important processes related to particle precipitation will be explained, summarizing the state-of-the art of satellite observations and modelling studies. (craq-astro.ca)
We have predicted the separate contributions of precipitation from the two processes in our existing high-resolution model of clouds. (lu.se)

Solar activity modulates the flux of cosmic ray particles on time scales from days to millennia, whereas on geological time scales it is the position of the solar system in our Galaxy, which is important for ionization 4 , 5 . (nature.com)
Here BCSS builds parts for a telescope designed to measure solar particles entering the Earth hemisphere, north and south. (uib.no)

But no SAID had ever been seen with the naked eye before, and STEVE also showed temperature spikes and particle speeds higher and faster than those ever before observed in a SAID. (astronomy.com)

Particles come partly from natural sources such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires, and partly from pollution and emissions. (lu.se)

The particle size was estimated from X-ray diffraction data using Sherrer's formula. (aku.edu)

Like mother of pearl clouds, particles from forest fires and volcanic eruptions can activate freons. (lu.se)

Particle size distribution effects in precipitation hardening. (iaea.org)
CaWO4 :Tb3+ andionic radius.3+ phosphors synthesized by SEM-EDS CaWO4 :Eu The particles were synthesized by doping evaluation had been about3+ 755 nm in size and were aggregated in a spherical shape. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
The particles synthesized by SEM-EDS evaluation men was excited with CTB, blue emission was observed more than a wide location of 420 nm for had been about 755 nm in size and had been aggregated in a spherical shape. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
Small particle size resulted from preheating might be effective for increasing reflection loss. (inderscience.com)
The purpose of this research was to be able to control and predict the size distribution of particles formed during the platinum sulfide precipitation. (cdc.gov)
A qualitative model based on the brownian motion of the particles and their electrostatic interactions is proposed to explain the observed size distributions. (cdc.gov)

In order to realize the full benefits of the QMOM in a CFD simulation, accurate kinetic data for the fundamental steps in precipitation reactions are essential. (iastate.edu)

By comparing the images and the satellite data, the researchers confirmed that STEVE was present, but the charged particles cascading down through in Earth's ionosphere previously believed to cause STEVE, and known to cause the aurora, weren't. (astronomy.com)

However, a larger source of nitric oxides in the high-latitude stratosphere is the so-called "Energetic particle precipitation indirect effect" due to downward transport in large-scale descent motions during polar winter. (craq-astro.ca)
That does not happen in the stratosphere, where no precipitation forms. (lu.se)
The eruption emitted millions of tonnes of particles into the stratosphere, where they remained for several years," Johan Friberg explains. (lu.se)

Results indicate that the LT model has great potential to provide improved spatial patterns of winter precipitation for glacier mass balance modeling purposes in complex terrain, but ground observations are necessary to constrain model parameters to match total amounts. (frontiersin.org)
A case study of radar observations and WRF LES simulations of the impact of ground-based glaciogenic seeding on orographic clouds and precipitation. (ametsoc.org)

The scientists observed that the concentration of the smallest particles, with a diameter smaller than 50 nanometers, was very high in the upper troposphere. (mpg.de)

The resulting normalized spatial precipitation pattern is similar for all sensitivity experiments, but local precipitation amounts vary strongly, with greatest sensitivity to variations in snow fall speed. (frontiersin.org)

In urban areas, small particles of carbon remain suspended in the air. (deccanherald.com)
All-carbon systems for carbon nanotube growth without any catalytic particles have also been demonstrated. (springer.com)
Iijima analysed the deposit on the cathode and found macroscopic amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and facetted graphitic particles. (springer.com)
This results in carbon dissolving into the particle forming a liquid eutectic. (springer.com)
In the case of noble metal catalyst particles, at temperatures where the VLS model is expected to be valid, they exhibit very low carbon solubility and negligible carbide formation. (springer.com)

Researchers at the department are investigating how the environment controls cloud glaciation, precipitation, lightning and other cloud properties. (lu.se)
In a first commissioning experiment at MAX IV's SoftiMAX beamline, Swedish researchers analysed the cloud-forming abilities of particle exhaust from ships using low-sulphate fuels as well as high-sulphate fuels conditioned with wet scrubbers. (lu.se)

The QMOM, combined with an ODE solver, was coupled with an optimization routine in order to determine kinetic parameters for the precipitation reaction. (iastate.edu)
Precipitation - Reaction of phosphate with another substance to form a solid mineral. (pioneer.com)

A promising route is to recover magnesium in the form of Magnesium Hydroxide via precipitation from highly concentrated Mg2+ resources, e.g. industrial or natural brines and bitterns. (unipa.it)
Addition of electrolytes to the colloidal suspension of platinum sulfide caused the particles to flocculate and form large, easily filtered particles. (cdc.gov)
Since uric acid is near its physiologic limit of solubility in the body, the persistent hyperuricemia increases the risk of uric acid crystal precipitation in the tissues to form tophi. (medscape.com)
In lower layers of air in the troposphere, clouds form around particles, which means that they soon fall as precipitation. (lu.se)

Airborne particles have been associated with a range of adverse cardiopulmonary outcomes, which has driven its monitoring at stationary, central sites throughout the world. (cdc.gov)
Such metrics provide opportunities to develop more precise associations between airborne particles and health and may provide opportunities for more effective regulations. (cdc.gov)

Vapor-grown CNT generally use metal catalyst particles and some even claim CNT synthesis requires a catalyst for their formation, despite Iijima's original work on MWNT synthesis never having used a catalyst. (springer.com)
In this paper, we report the co-precipitation synthesis of SrAl 4 Fe 8 O 19 powder and their anisotropy, and magnetic and microwave absorption property. (inderscience.com)

These problems will eventually allcause deterioration of engine performance, higher fuel consumption and increasedemissions.This thesis aims to evaluate the possibility for providing a solution to theproblems caused by soft particles through advanced fuel filtration. (kth.se)
Large untreated wastewater sample volumes may require dividing the sample prior to membrane filtration (due to slow filtration rate) or PEG precipitation (due to centrifuge volume constraints). (cdc.gov)

Research at this department has been investigating the balance between both precipitation mechanisms, with theoratical and numerical modeling approaches. (lu.se)

and precipitation (and associated snow accumulation) typically varies greatly at small spatial scales in such environments. (frontiersin.org)

Some particles such as mineral dust, sea salt or pollen are directly emitted from the ground and held aloft by normal air circulation. (mpg.de)

In addition, various ceramics and semiconductors can serve as catalytic particles suitable for tube formation and in some cases hybrid metal/metal oxide systems are possible. (springer.com)

However, when differentfuels are mixed, unwanted precipitation may occur. (kth.se)

Consists of inorganic phosphate adsorbed to soil particles, secondary phosphate minerals (phosphate bound to cations such as calcium and aluminum), and organic phosphorus that is readily mineralized. (pioneer.com)
Cations such as K + bond to negatively charged soil particles, thus are not as abundant in soil water and tend to have low mobility. (pioneer.com)
The problem with using electrolytes as flocculating agents is that the metal cations contaminate the flocculated platinum sulfide particles. (cdc.gov)

Several production methods and characterization procedures have been presented in the literature reporting a broad variety of Mg(OH)2 particle sizes. (unipa.it)
summarized the precipitation downscaling methods employed in recent glacier mass balance modeling studies. (frontiersin.org)

I have led the development of modelling tools such that we can understand experimental measurements in terms of the magnitude of the changing precipitation flux levels. (otago.ac.nz)

In the present work, a detailed experimental investigation is aiming to shed light on the characteristics of produced Mg(OH)2 particles and their dependence upon the reacting conditions. (unipa.it)

Plutonium can stick to particles in soil, sediment, and water. (cdc.gov)
Desorption - Release of phosphates from soil particles. (pioneer.com)

Resulting particles settle or are removed. (popsci.com)
They don't settle easily unless there is some precipitation. (deccanherald.com)

Anatomy14

Organisms16

Chemicals and Drugs94

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment57

Phenomena and Processes68

Disciplines and Occupations10

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Information Science4

Health Care23

Aerosol particles14

Electron8

Cloud droplets2

Homogeneous precipitation2

Atmosphere12

Atmospheric6

Fine particles1

Silver iodide2

Orographic precipitation1

Energetic particles2

Average particle size2

Abstract1

Sulfur Dioxide1

Precipitates2

Aqueous2

Nucleation2

Auroral2

Hydrodynamics1

Larger particles2

Smaller particles3

Model precipitation2

Skyglow2

Thunderstorms1

Polyethylene1

Crystals2

Aerosols1

Ferromagnetic1

Oxidative1

Deposition2

Rain3

Processes2

Solar2

Temperature1

Emissions1

Diffraction1

Volcanic1

Size6

Reactions1

Earth's1

Stratosphere3

Observations2

Concentration1

Variations1

Carbon5

Researchers2

Reaction2

Form4

Airborne2

Synthesis2

Filtration2

Mechanisms1

Spatial1

Mineral1

Suitable1

Occur1

Cations3

Methods2

Flux1

Characteristics1

Soil2

Settle2