AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
DexamethasoneGlucocorticoidsReceptors, GlucocorticoidMifepristoneCorticosteroneHydrocortisoneTriamcinolone AcetonideReceptors, SteroidReceptors, MineralocorticoidHormone AntagonistsAdrenalectomy11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 111-beta-Hydroxysteroid DehydrogenasesPituitary-Adrenal System11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemPrednisoloneAdrenocorticotropic HormoneRNA, MessengerMammary Tumor Virus, MouseTyrosine TransaminaseMineralocorticoidsCortisoneGene Expression RegulationTranscription, GeneticHydroxysteroid DehydrogenasesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPromoter Regions, GeneticBetamethasoneTriamcinoloneCell LineMetyraponeBase SequenceTranscriptional ActivationAdrenal InsufficiencyCorticotropin-Releasing HormoneLiverStress, PhysiologicalResponse ElementsCytosolMolecular Sequence DataCells, CulturedTransfectionTranscortinMethylprednisoloneAdrenal GlandsSteroidsDrug ResistanceNuclear Receptor Coactivator 2DNATetrahydrocortisolCell NucleusCortodoxoneAldosteroneHydroxycorticosteroidsTranscription FactorsProtein BindingTacrolimus Binding ProteinsDose-Response Relationship, DrugRestraint, PhysicalMolybdenum
Systemic glucocorticoidsReceptorHydrocortisoneCortisoneCorticosteroidDexamethasoneAdrenalImmunosuppressive drugsSynthetic glucocorticoidCorticosteroidsAldosteroneSteroid receptorsAndrogensPhysiologicNaturallyApoptosisMetabolicAdrenocorticalSelectiveDeficiencyBudesonideInhibitorMineralocorticoidsCompoundDrugsCortisolExcessiveWidelyInfectionEffectsImmune systemHealthcareBoneBeneficialTreatmentEffectLevelsMechanismAnti-inflamCalciumActivityDaily
Systemic glucocorticoids7
  • The risk of life-threatening blood infections by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is more than doubled in users of systemic glucocorticoids compared with non-users. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Users of systemic glucocorticoids experienced a 2.5 times increased risk of S. aureus infection acquired outside of a hospital, as compared with non-users. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Our study provides evidence that use of systemic glucocorticoids is associated with considerable risk of S. aureus blood infection, particularly among persons receiving high-dose therapy,' explained lead author Jesper Smit, MD, of the Department of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Aalborg, Denmark- Users of systemic glucocorticoids have more than twice the risk of potentially deadly blood infections by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, compared with nonusers, according to a new study. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Results indicate that users of systemic glucocorticoids experienced a 2.5 times greater risk of S aureus infection acquired outside of a hospital, as compared with nonusers. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Our study provides evidence that use of systemic glucocorticoids is associated with considerable risk of S. aureus blood infection, particularly among persons receiving high-dose therapy," explained lead author Jesper Smit, MD, of Aalborg University. (uspharmacist.com)
  • The mainstay of treatment for ABPA in CF, as in patients with bronchial asthma, has been systemic glucocorticoids, but this is associated with serious side-effects particularly in growing children 5 - 7 . (ersjournals.com)
Receptor9
  • Glucocorticoids are corticosteroids that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor that is present in almost every vertebrate animal cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glucocorticoids affect cells by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • The activated glucocorticoid receptor-glucocorticoid complex up-regulates the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins in the nucleus (a process known as transactivation) and represses the expression of proinflammatory proteins in the cytosol by preventing the translocation of other transcription factors from the cytosol into the nucleus (transrepression). (wikipedia.org)
  • Glucocorticoids function via interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor (see details below): Upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The purpose of this project is to develop radioligands to measure glucocorticoid receptor GR expression in enzalutamide resistant prostate cancer. (dtic.mil)
  • The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), is a potent antiproliferative/proapoptotic agent and its nuclear receptor (vitamin D receptor, VDR) is well expressed in breast tissue. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • It is a potent glucocorticoid receptor agonist that shows strong anti-inflammatory activity, but without many of the safety concerns seen with other steroidal immune modulators. (mda.org)
  • Neonatal presentation of familial glucocorticoid deficiency resulting from a novel splice mutation in the melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein. (medscape.com)
  • EU Panel Backs Two Triple Combo Drugs for COPD Maintenance CHF 5993 and Trydonis, from Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, combine a glucocorticoid, a long-acting beta-2 receptor agonist, and a long-acting muscarinic antagonist. (medscape.com)
Hydrocortisone7
Cortisone3
  • Glucocorticoids -such as cortisone- are among the most widely used anti-inflammatory drugs, and are used to treat asthma, psoriasis, organ transplantation and even COVID-19. (news-medical.net)
  • Dexamethasone is an effective glucocorticoid, a hormone related to cortisone. (petcarerx.com)
  • 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD-11β or 11β-HSD) enzymes catalyze the conversion of inert 11 keto-products (cortisone) to active cortisol, or vice versa, thus regulating the access of glucocorticoids to the steroid receptors. (richardvigilantebooks.com)
Corticosteroid1
  • In sodium transporting tissues, serum and glucocorticoid regulated kinase isoform 1 (SGK1) has been identified as an early corticosteroid target gene in the activation of pre-existing epithelial sodium channels (ENaC). (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Dexamethasone3
  • Dexamethasone is a potent water-soluble glucocorticoid that was first administered by intravitreal injection as an adjunct in experimental endophthalmitis as early as in 1974 with beneficial results. (dovepress.com)
  • Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with potent anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects, has been proven to have a favorable effect on certain complications. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid with potent anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects. (biomedcentral.com)
Adrenal7
  • The name "glucocorticoid" is a portmanteau (glucose + cortex + steroid) and is composed from its role in regulation of glucose metabolism, synthesis in the adrenal cortex, and its steroidal structure (see structure below). (wikipedia.org)
  • Glucocorticoids are chiefly produced in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex, whereas mineralocorticoids are synthesized in the zona glomerulosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • The HPA axis is activated in response to real or perceived stressors and culminates in the production and secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal glands. (nature.com)
  • The synthetic glucocorticoids are significantly more potent and long-acting compared to their cortisol counterpart, and they tend to cause much more hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression. (ndnr.com)
  • 7 Daniel Becker sums it up well when he says, "While a patient is consuming a daily exogenous source of glucocorticoid, the patient's adrenal cortex does not function, and this results in varying degrees of adrenal atrophy. (ndnr.com)
  • Suppression of the adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis was observed in 11 of 25 cystic fibrosis patients treated with both itraconazole and budesonide. (ersjournals.com)
  • For familial glucocorticoid deficiency, treatment includes the replacement of glucocorticoids in order to avoid not only adrenal crisis but to allow normal growth in these children. (medscape.com)
Immunosuppressive drugs2
  • Glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressive drugs when given through the mouth or by injection and are used for treatment of many different medical conditions. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Potent immunosuppressive drugs, glucocorticoids have an inhibitory effect on immune responses, which increases the risk, according to study authors. (uspharmacist.com)
Synthetic glucocorticoid1
  • The synthetic glucocorticoid budesonide, administered by aerosol for 20 s three times a week, was studied to determine its effects on benzo[a]pyrene-induced pulmonary adenoma formation in female A/J mice. (jax.org)
Corticosteroids4
  • Glucocorticoids (or, less commonly, glucocorticosteroids) are a class of corticosteroids, which are a class of steroid hormones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Corticosteroids are also called glucocorticoids or steroids. (arthritis.org)
  • Glucocorticoid is a compound that belongs to the family of compounds called corticosteroids (steroids). (news-medical.net)
  • Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a class of corticosteroids called glucocorticoids (GCs) have become established as one of the main treatment options, especially for severe cases, thanks to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant action. (news-medical.net)
Aldosterone3
  • Aldosterone, the most potent mineralocorticoid, is made exclusively in the zona glomerulosa. (aacc.org)
  • Together, they discovered and identified the hormone aldosterone, the last of a series of naturally occurring biologically potent steroid hormones to be isolated and identified between the 1920s to the 1950s, after the androgens, oestrogens, and glucocorticoid hormones. (dbpedia.org)
  • Spark RF, Etzkorn JR. Absent aldosterone response to ACTH in familial glucocorticoid deficiency. (medscape.com)
Steroid receptors1
  • Glucocorticoids bind steroid receptors in the cytoplasm, alter DNA expression and inhibit formation of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, prostaglandins, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (dovepress.com)
Androgens1
Physiologic2
Naturally1
  • Glucocorticoids are adrenocortical steroids, both naturally occurring and synthetic, which are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. (nih.gov)
Apoptosis1
  • In an AIEC colonisation model, stress-induced glucocorticoids promote apoptosis of CD45 + CD90 + cells that normally produce IL-22, a cytokine that is essential for the maintenance of ileal mucosal barrier integrity. (nature.com)
Metabolic3
  • Glucocorticoid effects may be broadly classified into two major categories: immunological and metabolic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enhancing the expression of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis is probably the best-known metabolic function of glucocorticoids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glucocorticoids cause profound and varied metabolic effects. (nih.gov)
Adrenocortical1
  • Prednisolone is a synthetic adrenocortical steroid drug with predominantly glucocorticoid properties. (drugs.com)
Selective1
  • All three are potent and selective GR ligands in vitro. (dtic.mil)
Deficiency4
  • these are widely utilized in general medical practice and numerous specialties, either as replacement therapy in glucocorticoid deficiency or to suppress the body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations in NNT encoding nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase cause familial glucocorticoid deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • Familial glucocorticoid deficiency: New genes and mechanisms. (medscape.com)
  • Familial glucocorticoid deficiency due to compound heterozygosity of two novel MC2R mutations. (medscape.com)
Budesonide3
  • To determine whether a glucocorticoid other than budesonide would have inhibitory effects in this experimental model, beclomethasone dipropionate administered by aerosol for 20 s three times a week was studied as a single agent and showed almost identical inhibitory properties to budesonide. (jax.org)
  • Thus far, inhaled glucocorticoids have demonstrated mixed efficacy in treating COVID outpatients, with some benefit for shortening recovery time seen with inhaled budesonide in the PRINCIPLE study , which enrolled a considerably older population than ACTIV-6 (mean age 65 vs 47 years). (medpagetoday.com)
  • While the dose of fluticasone furoate used in the current study is about four times more potent than the budesonide dose in PRINCIPLE (and has a longer half-life), they are "different glucocorticoids, and there could be a budesonide-specific effect," Naggie's group pointed out. (medpagetoday.com)
Inhibitor1
  • Alert Drug That Claims to Kill Flu as Soon as 1 Day Okayed in Japan Baloxavir marboxil is a novel cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor with potent fast-acting antiviral efficacy for the treatment of influenza types A and B. (medscape.com)
Mineralocorticoids1
Compound2
  • It focuses on the efficacy of low doses of synthetic glucocorticoids administered either as single agents or in combination with a second compound, myo-inositol. (jax.org)
  • The capacity of low doses of inhaled glucocorticoids to prevent pulmonary neoplasia and the enhancement of this preventive effect by myo-inositol, an essentially non-toxic compound, are findings that should encourage further work to evaluate the applicability of these agents to the prevention of neoplasia of the lung in the human. (jax.org)
Drugs1
  • Physicians should be aware that unregistered herbal medicine can contain potent drugs such as glucocorticoids. (bmj.com)
Cortisol1
  • mutations in the HSD11B2 gene explain an inherited form of hypertension, the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess in which cortisol acts as a potent mineralocorticoid. (richardvigilantebooks.com)
Excessive2
  • Increased urinary uric acid Increased urinary calcium and hypocalcemia Alkalosis Leukocytosis Excessive glucocorticoid levels resulting from administration as a drug or hyperadrenocorticism have effects on many systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most authors consider the early application of potent topical glucocorticoids, monitoring for excessive atrophy, as first-line treatment (evidence level: C - expert opinion). (racgp.org.au)
Widely2
  • The doses of the glucocorticoids calculated on a daily basis are within the range of those used widely for control of chronic allergic respiratory diseases in the human. (jax.org)
  • Because glucocorticoids are widely regarded as potent anti-inflammatory agents, we pretreated mice with corticosterone (CORT) prior to administration of MPTP or METH and then assessed striatal content of a variety of cytokines/chemokines by qPCR, and examined dopaminergic terminal damage and astrogliosis by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and GFAP immunoassay, respectively. (cdc.gov)
Infection4
  • The team investigated the risk of infection while taking into account duration of glucocorticoid use, 90-day cumulative dose, and specific groups of patients who are very frequently prescribed glucocorticoids. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Among patients with connective tissue disease or chronic pulmonary disease, the risk of S. aureus blood infection was most pronounced in long-term users of glucocorticoids, whereas the risk was highest for new users among cancer patients. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • For the study, the researchers analyzed records of nearly 30,000 patients using Danish medical registries over a 12-year period, investigating the links among infection risks and duration of glucocorticoid use, 90-day cumulative dose, and specific groups of patients who are very frequently prescribed glucocorticoids. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Study authors caution that glucocorticoids have significant benefits for some patients and those should be weighed against the elevated risk of infection. (uspharmacist.com)
Effects9
  • Glucocorticoids have many diverse effects such as pleiotropy, including potentially harmful side effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glucocorticoids affect metabolism and have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. (news-medical.net)
  • Their synthetic analogs are primarily used for their potent anti-inflammatory effects in disorders of many organ systems. (drugs.com)
  • Studies in vitro have highlighted the potent anti-cancer effects of the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3). (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • The physiological effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) are, at least in part, mediated by an inhibition of cell proliferation. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Glucocorticoids have potent but paradoxical effects on bone. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • MIF exhibits potent paracrine and autocrine stimulatory effects on cell growth and survival and enhances the production of inflammatory cytokines. (rndsystems.com)
  • Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is one of the serious side effects which have become the most common secondary osteoporosis. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • DOC because of mineralocorticoid activity and glucocorticoid effects. (medscape.com)
Immune system1
  • Glucocorticoids are part of the feedback mechanism in the immune system, which reduces certain aspects of immune function, such as inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
Healthcare1
  • Combined, the lack of treatment effect and that possible increase in healthcare usage suggest that the inhaled glucocorticoid is "not a favorable" therapy for COVID-19, wrote Naggie and co-authors. (medpagetoday.com)
Bone1
  • Aqueous extracts of parsley, basil and chicory showed bone protection against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats. (greenmedinfo.com)
Beneficial1
  • These results may serve as a reminder for clinicians to weigh carefully the elevated risk against the potential beneficial effect of glucocorticoid therapy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Treatment2
  • The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) is a potent antiproliferative agent with putative applications in the treatment of common cancers. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • 8 While this is certainly a concerning side effect to be aware of, glucocorticoid treatment should also not be stopped abruptly. (ndnr.com)
Effect4
  • In vivo, glucocorticoids are anabolic at physiological concentrations, but in excess have an adverse effect on the skeleton most clearly seen in steroid-induced osteoporosis. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Antiosteoporotic effect of Petroselinum crispum, Ocimum basilicum and Cichorium intybus L. in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of parsley, basil and chicory on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • From our results, we concluded that chicory has a potent protective effect more than parsley and basil due to containing flavonoids and inulin. (greenmedinfo.com)
Levels1
  • New research being presented at this year's European Congress on Obesity (ECO) in Dublin, Ireland (17-20 May) suggests that glucocorticoid levels (a class of steroid hormones secreted as a response to stress) present in the hair of individuals may indicate which of them are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the future. (news-medical.net)
Mechanism1
Anti-inflam1
Calcium1
  • The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) is a potent antiproliferative/immunomodulatory steroid hormone with many applications outside calcium homeostasis. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Activity1
  • Betamethasone has potent glucocorticoid activity and negligible mineralocorticoid activity. (drugbank.com)
Daily1
  • Long-acting bronchodilators (e.g., salmeterol, formoterol) can be used twice daily in conjunction with inhaled glucocorticoids and to help maintain bronchodilation over 12 hours. (medscape.com)