Barium is a competitive potassium channel antagonist that blocks the passive efflux of intracellular potassium, resulting in a shift of potassium from extracellular to intracellular compartments. (cdc.gov)
External ATP , considered as a danger signal, causes the opening of the P2X7 receptor and the subsequent recruitment of the channel pannexin-1 leading to the release of intracellular potassium. (invivogen.com)
Another event that appears to be required for the activation of NLRP3 is the efflux of intracellular potassium. (invivogen.com)
Influx6
The sharp rise in voltage ("0") corresponds to the influx of sodium ions, whereas the two decays ("1" and "3", respectively) correspond to the sodium-channel inactivation and the repolarizing efflux of potassium ions. (wikipedia.org)
[ 4 ] which allows sodium influx and a small amount of potassium efflux-neuronal depolarization results. (medscape.com)
This is followed by a rapid, transient outward potassium current (Ito), while the influx rate of positive ions (Na + , Ca ++ ) declines. (medscape.com)
Deoxygenation-induced cation fluxes in sickle cells relationship between net potassium efflux and net sodium influx. (scialert.net)
The biomechanical forces which cause concussion lead to the opening of ion channels within the neuronal cell membranes, allowing for a massive influx of sodium and efflux of potassium. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Kef couples the potassium efflux with proton influx in gram-negative bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
Ions4
Stomatal closure is osmotically driven by the loss of turgor in guard cells caused by efflux of ions such as K+. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
In one shot of action potential, potassium ions leave out of the cell, but sodium ions get into the cell. (scholarpedia.org)
extreme halophilic microorganisms accumulate potassium ions, a strategy called 'salting-in' to match the high ionic composition in the external environment. (benthamscience.com)
Reactive Oxygen1
Previous studies have indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, potassium (K + ) efflux, and the release of cathensin B can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Cytosolic3
Deoxygenation inhibits the volume stimulated Cl - dependent K - efflux in SS and young AA cells a cytosolic Mg 2+ modulation. (scialert.net)
Through a variety of effector and signaling pathways, plants achieve survival under salinity stress by maintaining high cytosolic potassium/sodium ion (K/Na) ratios, preventing Na cytotoxicity, and retaining osmotic balance. (ncbs.res.in)
Current literature shows that particulate-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activity correlates to a decrease in cytosolic K+, which is assumed to be K+ efflux from the cytosol to the extracellular matrix. (nih.gov)
Pumps3
Intrinsic resistance to antimicrobials has traditionally been attributed to reduced permeability of the cell envelope, presence of inactivating enzymes or efflux pumps that can extrude the antimicrobial agents ( Cox and Wright, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
However, efflux pumps inhibitors have not yet been approved for treatment of human infections due to tolerability issues ( Fernebro, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
This results in a spreading depression type of phenomenon, leading to the depolarization of neurons diffusely throughout the brain.19 In order to restore the homeostatic ion gradients across the membrane, the sodium-potassium pumps require increasing amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Inhibits1
Digoxin inhibits sodium-potassium-activated ATPase, thereby decreasing sodium efflux and the trans-membrane potential. (medscape.com)
GORK2
In this work, we investigated the regulation by phosphorylation of the main K+ efflux channel for stomatal closure, GORK. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
This mechanism may underlie ascorbate release, signalling phenomena, apoplastic redox reactions, iron acquisition, and control the ionic and electrical equilibrium (together with K+ efflux via GORK channels). (deepdyve.com)
20001
Barium sulfate is incompatible with aluminum and potassium (Lewis 2000). (cdc.gov)
Nlrp32
The bacterial toxin nigericin has also been reported to induce the activation of NLRP3 by causing potassium efflux in a pannexin-1-dependent manner [2] . (invivogen.com)
This research will investigate the role of the lysosomal potassium (K+) channel in LMP and how it contributes to NLRP3-mediated inflammation. (nih.gov)
ATPase1
[ 5 , 6 ] The resting transmembrane potential and action potential of electrically excitable cells is also affected by sodiumpotassium ATPase. (medscape.com)
The result of smooth muscle cell target protein phosphorylation is a decrease in intracellular calcium, increased efflux of potassium, and deactivation of myosin light chain kinase, ultimately causing smooth muscle relaxation. (nih.gov)
The pancreatic -cell ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel is a multimeric protein complex made up of four inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir6. (thetechnoant.info)
Metabolism1
MH responses were initiated only by potassium and only in regard to whole body metabolism. (wikigenes.org)
Inflammasome1
CVN293 is a novel blocker of potassium efflux in glia, regulating the inflammasome in individuals living with ALS and Alzheimer's disease. (itbusinessnet.com)
Luo-Rudy dynamic model in 1994 not only includes the sodium and potassium channels in Luo-Rudy passive model but also introduces sodium-potassium pump, calcium pump, L-type calcium channel, non-specific calcium-activated channel, sodium-calcium exchanger on the membrane as well as calcium-induced calcium release channel and calcium pump on the membrane of sarcoplasmic reticulum with calcium buffers in the myoplasm. (scholarpedia.org)
Sodium channel is closed very quickly (in 2 msec), then the opening of potassium and calcium channels fight against to maintain the intracellular potential at the positive level called the potential plateau for 200-300 msec. (scholarpedia.org)
For continued firing, delayed potassium channels repolarize the membrane, allowing another round of depolarization. (jove.com)
Additionally, rapidly inactivating potassium channels maintain the intensity and frequency of firing proportional to the strength of depolarization. (jove.com)
Acute fluoride intoxication increases intracellular calcium (Cai), manifested by increased twitch tension in cardiac muscle, and by potassium efflux (mediated by Ca2+-dependent K+ channels) in fluoridated erythrocytes. (fluoridealert.org)
Intriguingly, the replacement of gluconate with ascorbate in the patch-clamp pipette reveals a large ascorbate efflux current, which shows sensitivity to the anion channel blocker, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (A9C), indicative of the ascorbate release via anion channels. (deepdyve.com)
The regulatory domain is termed K+ transport-nucleotide binding (KTN) or regulator of potassium conductance (RCK) domain, and it is also found in potassium uptake systems or channels in other oligomeric arrangements. (bvsalud.org)
Transporters2
These results suggest that the enhanced salt tolerance conferred by codA in transgenic tomato plants might be due to the regulation of ion channel and transporters by GB, which would allow high potassium levels and low sodium levels to be maintained in transgenic plants under salt stress condition. (oregonstate.edu)
Bacterial RosB-like transporters and K+ efflux antiporters (KEA) of plants are homologs of Kef but fulfill different functions. (bvsalud.org)
Cation1
Potassium (K), the main cation inside cells, plays roles in maintaining cellular osmolarity and acid-base equilibrium, as well as nerve stimulation transmission, and regulation of cardiac and muscle functions. (mdpi.com)
Barium1
Excessive blood levels of barium result in decreased blood potassium (hypokalemia), which may cause adverse cardiovascular and muscular effects such as tachycardia, increased or decreased blood pressure, muscle weakness, and paralysis. (cdc.gov)
Cardiac1
Blockade of efflux of sodium increases calcium in myocytes resulting in increased activation of contractile proteins in the cardiac muscle. (medscape.com)
Decrease1
The net result of this shift is a significant decrease in the potassium concentration in the blood plasma. (cdc.gov)
Repolarization1
The deep endocardial region and midmyocardial layer (composed of M cells) of the ventricle are more prone to prolongation of repolarization and EADs because they have a less-rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr), while other regions might have short or normal cycles. (medscape.com)
Occur1
ECG findings generally correlate with the potassium level, but potentially life-threatening arrhythmias can occur without warning at almost any level of hyperkalemia. (medscape.com)
Torsades de pointes with prolonged QT interval (12-lead ECG of torsades de pointes (TdP) in a 56-year-old white female with low blood potassium (2.4 mmol/L) and low blood magnesium (1.6 mg/dL). (medscape.com)
In a patient who does not have a predisposition to hyperkalemia, repeat the blood test before taking any actions to bring down the potassium level, unless changes are present on electrocardiography (ECG). (medscape.com)
Plants2
Genetic engineering of the biosynthesis of glycinebetaine leads to alleviate salt-induced potassium efflux and enhances salt tolerance in tomato plants. (oregonstate.edu)
The exogenous application of GB also significantly reduced NaCl-induced K efflux and increased Na efflux in WT plants. (oregonstate.edu)
At a serum potassium level higher than 8.0 mEq/L, the ECG shows absence of P wave, progressive QRS widening, and intraventricular/fascicular/bundle-branch blocks. (medscape.com)
Level6
The potassium efflux causes neuronal hyperpolarisation, limiting the transmission of nerve impulses-which carry the pain signal-at local level. (inserm.fr)
Ascertain whether the elevated potassium level is real or factitious (see DDx). (medscape.com)
ECG changes have a sequential progression, which roughly correlate with the potassium level. (medscape.com)
These changes are typically seen at a serum potassium level of 5.5-6.5 mEq/L. (medscape.com)
Widened QRS complexes in patient whose serum potassium level was 7.8 mEq/L. (medscape.com)
ECG of patient with pretreatment potassium level of 7.8 mEq/L and widened QRS complexes after receiving 1 ampule of calcium chloride. (medscape.com)