Flow of potassium ionsMovement of potassium ionsSubfamilySelectivity filterAssay KitAtomsProteinsExtracellularPore domainSide of the membraneVoltage-gated poProteinConductanceRectifierTransmembranePermeationNeuronsPlasma membraneOutwardCurrentsGenesSkipChlorideCellularSelectiveCellsAssaysCalcium ion channelsConcentrationMembrane potentials1994SubunitsDepolarizationIntracellularType of ionLigandMechanismMembranesFunctionalCellInhibitionHydrophobicCrystallographyStructureSodium channelPhysiologyMutationsMeSHPassagePhysiologicalFunctionExposureTransport
Flow of potassium ions3
- These changes disrupt the flow of potassium ions in the inner ear and in cardiac muscle, leading to hearing loss and an irregular heart rhythm characteristic of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
- The protein K2P1 (blue) regulates the flow of potassium ions (red) in and out of cells. (mskcc.org)
- For the first time, Memorial Sloan Kettering investigators have revealed the three-dimensional shape of a protein called K2P1, which regulates the flow of potassium ions in and out of cells. (mskcc.org)
Movement of potassium ions2
- The inward rectifier potassium ion channel is a type of ion channel that is responsible for the movement of potassium ions into cells. (typeost.com)
- These channels have a unique structure that allows them to selectively allow the movement of potassium ions, while blocking the movement of other ions like sodium and calcium. (typeost.com)
Subfamily1
Selectivity filter6
- An extracellular cap domain located above the selectivity filter forms an ion pathway in which K(+) ions flow through side portals. (rcsb.org)
- Crystal structures of potassium channels show four K+ions bound to adjacent binding sites in the selectivity filter, while chemical intuition and molecular modeling suggest that the direct ion contacts are unstable. (sandia.gov)
- Interactions of Na(+), K(+), Rb(+), and Cs(+) ions within the selectivity filter of a potassium channel have been investigated via multiple molecular dynamics simulations (total simulation time, 48 ns) based on the high resolution structure of KcsA, embedded in a phospholipid bilayer. (ox.ac.uk)
- The two most readily permeant ions, K(+) and Rb(+), are similar in their interactions with the selectivity filter. (ox.ac.uk)
- Inside the protein is a narrower tube called the selectivity filter where the potassium ion is recognized. (foresight.org)
- The selectivity filter works as a sorter that chemically senses the ions as they go through the channel. (foresight.org)
Assay Kit3
- Molecular Devices Launches No-Wash Potassium Ion Channel Assay Kit. (the-scientist.com)
- The FLIPR® Potassium Assay Kit uses a novel thallium-sensitive indicator dye and a masking agent to significantly widen the conventional assay window, enabling studies of channels with low conductance or low expression levels. (the-scientist.com)
- The FLIPR Potassium Assay Kit directly measures potassium channel function using a thallium-sensitive indicator dye that passively diffuses into cells as an acetoxymethyl ester. (the-scientist.com)
Atoms5
- These channels transport positively charged potassium atoms (ions) out of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
- Ion channels act to pass only specific atoms through cell membranes, and thus act as biological ëatom sortersí. (foresight.org)
- The researchers discovered the structure of the filter is very finely tuned to pass potassium ions very quickly, but to exclude other kinds of atoms. (foresight.org)
- Those atoms are known as ions - and the imbalance we just mentioned sets the stage for your electrical capacity. (howstuffworks.com)
- a lot) are either sodium or potassium atoms. (howstuffworks.com)
Proteins6
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of potassium channel proteins containing two pore-forming P domains. (nih.gov)
- K2P1 belongs to a group of proteins called potassium channels, which help maintain a variety of critical body functions, including the transmission of nerve signals. (mskcc.org)
- This domain is found in sodium, potassium, and calcium ion channels proteins. (embl.de)
- The proteins have 6 transmembrane helices in which the last two helices flank a loop which determines ion selectivity. (embl.de)
- In some Na channel proteins the domain is repeated four times, whereas in others (e.g. (embl.de)
- These rare diseases are often the underlying cause of sudden cardiac death in young individuals and result from mutations in several genes encoding ion channels or proteins involved in their regulation. (cdc.gov)
Extracellular5
- Using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we investigated the influence of extracellular pH and zinc ions (Zn 2+ ) on the steady-state inactivation of Kv1.3 channels expressed in human lymphocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
- The NMDA-induced increase was only partly sensitive to Gd 3+ or to removal of extracellular Na + , consistent with a third route of entry directly through NMDA receptor-gated channels. (jneurosci.org)
- TASK-1 channels are sensitive to a wide array of physiological and pharmacological mediators that affect their activity such as unsaturated fatty acids, extracellular pH, hypoxia, anaesthetics and intracellular signalling pathways. (ersjournals.com)
- amazing, I didn't know about cellular potassium INflux, normally sodium is the overwhealmingly dominant extracellular ion. (halfbakery.com)
- Moreover, calcium ions get into the cells from the extracellular space and sarcoplasmic reticulum for muscle contraction, an important feature for human heart. (scholarpedia.org)
Pore domain2
- Two-pore domain potassium (K(+)) channels (K2P channels) control the negative resting potential of eukaryotic cells and regulate cell excitability by conducting K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. (rcsb.org)
- TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 1 (TASK-1 encoded by KCNK3) belongs to the family of two-pore domain potassium channels. (ersjournals.com)
Side of the membrane2
- They span the membrane of cells, allowing the selective permeation of K + ions from one side of the membrane to the other, usually from the inside of the cell to the outside. (ersjournals.com)
- OK, so when a cell is in the RMP stage, sodium and potassium ions are both present on either side of the membrane. (howstuffworks.com)
Voltage-gated po4
- This summary article presents an overview of the molecular relationships among the voltage-gated potassium channels and a standard nomenclature for them, which is derived from the IUPHAR Compendium of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels. (nih.gov)
- Teisseyre, A. Voltage-gated potassium channels in T lymphocytes-physiological role and changes in channel properties in diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
- Teisseyre A, Gąsiorowska J and Michalak K: Voltage-gated potassium channels Kv1.3-potentially new molecular target in cancer diagnostics and therapy. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Two types are especially important in transmitting action potentials along axons: voltage-gated sodium channels and voltage-gated potassium channels. (encyclopedia.com)
Protein7
- According to a press release , researchers at the Rockefeller University Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics have worked out the three-dimensional structure of the inner workings of an ion-channel protein complex. (foresight.org)
- The sodium channel protein has positively charged voltage-sensing regions, which move towards negative charges on the outer surface of the membrane when the latter becomes depolarized. (encyclopedia.com)
- Within a millisecond of channel opening, the voltage-sensing region returns to its original location, and a channel-inactivating segment moves to block the channel and allow the channel protein to revert to its resting state. (encyclopedia.com)
- ROS may induce intracellular calcium increase and subsequent contraction of PASMCs via direct or indirect interactions with protein kinases, phospholipases, sarcoplasmic calcium channels, transient receptor potential channels, voltage-dependent potassium channels and L-type calcium channels, whose relevance may vary under different experimental conditions. (ersjournals.com)
- Smooth muscle cells express Kv7.4 and Kv7.5 voltage-dependent potassium channels, which have each been implicated as regulators of smooth muscle contractility, though they display different sensitivities to signaling via cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC). (aspetjournals.org)
- K channels) the protein forms a tetramer in the membrane. (embl.de)
- Importantly, we have shown that senescence of these cells induced by hydrogen peroxide treatment leads to the disappearance of potassium channel protein levels and channel activity measured by the single channel patch-clamp technique. (bvsalud.org)
Conductance8
- Pervasive background noise also undermines accurate assessment of the small signals generated by many low-conductance channels or low-expressing cell lines. (the-scientist.com)
- Speake, T., Kibble, J. and Brown, P. Kv1.1 and Kv1.3 channels contribute to the delayed-rectifying conductance in rat choroid plexus epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here we show that the voltage-gated calcium channel Ca V 1.3 and the big conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channel are preferentially expressed by electrosensory cells in little skate ( Leucoraja erinacea ) and functionally couple to mediate electrosensory cell membrane voltage oscillations, which are important for the detection of specific, weak electrical signals. (nature.com)
- Discovery of Novel Activators of Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels for the Treatment of Cerebellar Ataxia. (harvard.edu)
- Case Report on: Very Early Afterdepolarizations in HiPSC-Cardiomyocytes-An Artifact by Big Conductance Calcium Activated Potassium Current (Ibk,Ca). Cells. (harvard.edu)
- We have identified, for the first time, mitochondrial large-conductance calcium-regulated potassium channels in human smooth muscle mitochondria. (bvsalud.org)
- This channel, with a conductance of 273 pS, was regulated by calcium ions and membrane potential. (bvsalud.org)
- Our data suggest that disturbances in the expression of mitochondrial large conductance calcium-regulated potassium channels may be hallmarks of cellular senescence and contribute to the misregulation of mitochondrial function in senescent cells. (bvsalud.org)
Rectifier13
- How Do Inward Rectifier Potassium Ion Channels Work? (typeost.com)
- Inward rectifier potassium ion channels work by allowing potassium ions to move into cells. (typeost.com)
- However, the inward rectifier potassium ion channel allows potassium ions to move back into the cell, even against the concentration gradient. (typeost.com)
- What Are the Functions of Inward Rectifier Potassium Ion Channels? (typeost.com)
- Inward rectifier potassium ion channels play a number of important functions in the body. (typeost.com)
- In addition, inward rectifier potassium ion channels are involved in regulating the heartbeat. (typeost.com)
- What Happens When Inward Rectifier Potassium Ion Channels Malfunction? (typeost.com)
- When inward rectifier potassium ion channels malfunction, it can lead to a number of different health problems. (typeost.com)
- In addition, dysfunction of inward rectifier potassium ion channels has been linked to neurological disorders like epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. (typeost.com)
- Inward rectifier potassium ion channels are an important component of many different types of cells throughout the body. (typeost.com)
- This member is a delayed rectifier potassium channel and its activity is modulated by some other family members. (nih.gov)
- Predicted to enable delayed rectifier potassium channel activity. (mcw.edu)
- This channel is an open rectifier which primarily passes outward current under physiological K+ concentrations, and is stimulated strongly by arachidonic acid and to a lesser degree by membrane stretching, intracellular acidification, and general anaesthetics. (nih.gov)
Permeation1
- Effects of ionic strength on gating and permeation of TREK-2 K2P channels. (nih.gov)
Neurons8
- These channels are found in many different types of cells throughout the body, including neurons, cardiac cells, and smooth muscle cells. (typeost.com)
- These channels are involved in regulating the resting membrane potential of cells, which is important for the proper function of neurons and muscle cells. (typeost.com)
- Kupper, J., Prinz, A. and Fromherz, P. Recombinant Kv1.3 potassium channels stabilize tonic firing of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
- Colley, B., Tucker, K. and Fadool, D. Comparison of modulation of Kv1.3 channel by two receptor tyrosine kinases in olfactory bulb neurons of rodents. (biomedcentral.com)
- The kainate-induced increase was highly sensitive to Gd 3+ or Na + removal in most neurons but insensitive in a minority subpopulation ("cobalt-positive cells"), suggesting that a fourth route of neuronal Zn 2+ entry is through the Ca 2+ -permeable channels gated by certain subtypes of AMPA or kainate receptors. (jneurosci.org)
- Effects of calcium-activated potassium channel modulators on afterhyperpolarizing potentials in identified motor and mechanosensory neurons of the medicinal leech. (harvard.edu)
- Your neurons , which are specialized cells in your nervous system responsible for transmitting information across the body, contain both sodium voltage-gated ion channels and potassium voltage-gated ion channels in their membranes. (howstuffworks.com)
- At the early 1980s, the ion channels in cardiac cells were not as clear as neurons , especially the channels concerned with calcium ions including those in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. (scholarpedia.org)
Plasma membrane1
- The sodium channels open rapidly in response to initial depolarization of the axon plasma membrane, allowing sodium ions (Na + ) to flood in. (encyclopedia.com)
Outward2
- Kv7 family channels mediate a voltage-dependent outward flux of potassium ions, which contributes to the establishment of negative membrane potentials in many cell types. (aspetjournals.org)
- Anti-Ro/SSA antibodies may produce a long QT interval syndrome by inhibiting the human ether-a-go-go-related gene ( hERG ) related outward potassium channel, and transplacental exposure to these antibodies in utero is responsible for congenital AV block. (msdmanuals.com)
Currents4
- Figure 1: Ca V 1.3 and BK channels mediate the major cation currents in electrosensory cells. (nature.com)
- Apamin-sensitive calcium-activated potassium currents in rabbit ventricles with chronic myocardial infarction. (harvard.edu)
- Cerebellar ataxia by enhanced Ca(V)2.1 currents is alleviated by Ca2+-dependent K+-channel activators in Cacna1a(S218L) mutant mice. (harvard.edu)
- This was accompanied by reduced duration and increased frequency of astrocytic Ca 2+ transients, but little effect on astrocytic voltage-gated potassium channel currents. (jneurosci.org)
Genes3
- Four sequence-related potassium channel genes - shaker, shaw, shab, and shal - have been identified in Drosophila, and each has been shown to have human homolog(s). (nih.gov)
- Mutations in these genes alter the usual structure and function of potassium channels or prevent the assembly of normal channels. (medlineplus.gov)
- Kv7 channels are encoded by KCNQ genes (1 through 5). (aspetjournals.org)
Skip1
- Dr. Luo made a decision to skip the debate issue but, instead, put them all into the cell model to see how action potentials look like by using those published experimental data for calcium ion channels, especially sodium-calcium exchangers. (scholarpedia.org)
Chloride2
- It turns out that cave-dwelling swifts (who fly about in near-total darkness) have their balance organs filled with a liquid which is saturated with potassium chloride, and considerably denser than water whilst being not much more viscous. (halfbakery.com)
- Apart from calcium channels, voltage-gated sodium, potassium, and chloride channels were also shown to be activated by pulsed electromagnetic frequencies. (news-medical.net)
Cellular2
- These channels play a critical role in regulating the resting membrane potential of cells, controlling the heartbeat, and maintaining overall cellular function. (typeost.com)
- Potassium channels modulate various cellular functions through efficient and selective conduction of K+ions. (sandia.gov)
Selective1
- There are several types of voltage-gated channel, each allowing the selective passage of a particular ion. (encyclopedia.com)
Cells9
- These channels are found in cardiac cells, where they play a role in controlling the duration of the action potential and the rate of the heartbeat. (typeost.com)
- Potassium (K + ) channels have an important role in HCC, including regulating the proliferation, migration, invasion and drug resistance of HCC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Voltage-dependent calcium channels also carry some of the depolarizing current in some cells. (encyclopedia.com)
- The aim of this study was to test for the molecular and functional expression of the non-gastric H + /K + ATPase ATP12A/ATP1AL1 in unstimulated and butyrate-stimulated (1 and 10 mM) human myelomonocytic HL-60 cells, to unravel its potential role as putative apoptosis-counteracting ion transporter as well as to test for the effect of the H + /K + ATPase inhibitor SCH28080 in apoptosis. (karger.com)
- We expressed chimeric channels composed of different components of the Kv7.4 and Kv7.5 α -subunits in vascular smooth muscle cells to determine which components are essential for enhancement or inhibition of channel activity. (aspetjournals.org)
- Subsequent studies showed activation of calcium channels in response to pulsed electromagnetic frequencies in plants, animals, and human cells. (news-medical.net)
- Note: In most cells, the potassium channels outnumber the sodium ones. (howstuffworks.com)
- A limited number of studies have shown functional changes in mitochondrial ion channels in aging and senescent cells. (bvsalud.org)
- Here we show that antimicrobial ROS are induced from lung epithelial cells by interactions of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) with mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1). (bvsalud.org)
Assays2
- Current thallium-based potassium ion channel assays require multiple buffer or media replacements, making them slow and cumbersome, and prone to well-to-well variation. (the-scientist.com)
- Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays for Ca2+ and K+ channel isoforms may identify susceptibility subgroups with lower resistance to environmental exposures. (cdc.gov)
Calcium ion channels4
- Dr. Luo decided to update the sodium and potassium ion channels since calcium ion channels were under debate in 1980s. (scholarpedia.org)
- In 1991, the most arguing issue to formulate a live cardiac cell model was the ambiguity of the calcium ion channels. (scholarpedia.org)
- Several famous labs announced the calcium ion channels but they were quite scattering with apparent differences, including species. (scholarpedia.org)
- It left the choice for scientists to pick up the calcium ion channels they wanted even Dr. Luo had suggestions in the Luo-Rudy dynamic model published in 1994. (scholarpedia.org)
Concentration3
- When a cell is at rest, the concentration of potassium ions is higher inside the cell than outside. (typeost.com)
- This creates a concentration gradient that drives potassium ions to move out of the cell. (typeost.com)
- And when your cell isn't transmitting electrical signals, there'll be a higher concentration of sodium ions outside the cell than inside the cell. (howstuffworks.com)
Membrane potentials1
- As a result, the "windows" of membrane potentials in which the channels can be active under physiological conditions were also markedly shifted towards positive membrane potentials. (biomedcentral.com)
19942
- This neurotoxicity appears also to be mediated by Zn 2+ influx, in large part through voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels and also through NMDA receptor-gated channels ( Koh and Choi, 1994 ) and Ca 2+ -permeable AMPA/kainate receptor-gated channels ( Yin and Weiss, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
- Luo-Rudy dynamic model in 1994 not only includes the sodium and potassium channels in Luo-Rudy passive model but also introduces sodium-potassium pump, calcium pump, L-type calcium channel, non-specific calcium-activated channel, sodium-calcium exchanger on the membrane as well as calcium-induced calcium release channel and calcium pump on the membrane of sarcoplasmic reticulum with calcium buffers in the myoplasm. (scholarpedia.org)
Subunits2
- The present studies identify distinct functional domains that confer differential sensitivities of Kv7.4 and Kv7.5 to stimulatory and inhibitory signaling and reveal structural features of the channel subunits that determine their biophysical properties. (aspetjournals.org)
- functional channels form as homo- or hetero-tetramers of α -subunits ( Delmas and Brown, 2005 ). (aspetjournals.org)
Depolarization1
- Depolarization also triggers less rapid opening of the potassium channels, which permits outflow of potassium ions (K + ), thus acting to restore the membrane potential to its resting state. (encyclopedia.com)
Intracellular5
- Potassium channels whose activation is dependent on intracellular calcium concentrations. (harvard.edu)
- The composition is almost exactly the same as the intracellular fluid, with a slight boost so that potassium influx can occur at relevant rates. (halfbakery.com)
- To make a model cell alive, it needs the ion pumps to maintain the intracellular ion balance, i.e., the ions must return back after the firing of an action potential. (scholarpedia.org)
- For heart muscle contraction, a single heart cell is stimulated to raise the intracellular potential from the resting -80 mV to about +40 mV by flowing positive sodium ions due to the opening of the sodium channel. (scholarpedia.org)
- Sodium channel is closed very quickly (in 2 msec), then the opening of potassium and calcium channels fight against to maintain the intracellular potential at the positive level called the potential plateau for 200-300 msec. (scholarpedia.org)
Type of ion1
- When it senses another type of ion inside the channel, the filter prevents it from entering. (foresight.org)
Ligand2
- Molecular Devices, at SLAS 2015, launched a homogeneous, no-wash assay to measure ligand- and voltage-gated potassium channel activity. (the-scientist.com)
- Harrison, N. and Gibbons, S. Zinc: an endogenous modulator of ligand and voltage-gated ion channels. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism2
- The mechanism of ion conduction in potassium channels has recently emerged as a topic of debate. (sandia.gov)
- Insights into the stimulatory mechanism of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate on TREK-2 potassium channel. (nih.gov)
Membranes1
- So, ion pumps are required in the membranes of cell and sarcoplasmic reticulum to maintain the ion balance inside the cell. (scholarpedia.org)
Functional2
- Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels represent the most complex class of voltage-gated ion channels from both functional and structural standpoints. (nih.gov)
- This review summarises our current state of knowledge of the functional role of TASK-1 channels in the pulmonary circulation in health and disease, with special emphasis on current advancements in the field. (ersjournals.com)
Cell10
- The role of the voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv2.1 in prostate cancer cell migration. (nih.gov)
- Lang F, Föller M, Lang KS, Lang PA, Ritter M, Gulbins E, Vereninov A and Huber SM: Ion channels in cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death. (spandidos-publications.com)
- voltage-gated ion channel Any ion channel that opens and closes in response to changes in electrical potential across the cell membrane in which the channel is situated. (encyclopedia.com)
- On the flip side, you'll also have more potassium ions inside the cell than outside it. (howstuffworks.com)
- How does an ion enter or exit a cell? (howstuffworks.com)
- To quote Harvard Extension School's official YouTube channel , the "difference in total charge inside and outside of the cell is called the membrane potential . (howstuffworks.com)
- Each voltage-gated ion channel will only let a particular kind of ion enter or exit the cell. (howstuffworks.com)
- It is a huge construction to build up a cell model since thousands of ion channels published in 1980s. (scholarpedia.org)
- This is because the ion concentrations inside the cell model is unchanged, i.e., the model cell is always alive or no chance to die. (scholarpedia.org)
- In one shot of action potential, potassium ions leave out of the cell, but sodium ions get into the cell. (scholarpedia.org)
Inhibition1
Hydrophobic1
Crystallography1
- Structural biologist Stephen Long talks about how his team used x-ray crystallography to discover the structure of an ion channel called K2P1. (mskcc.org)
Structure8
- Here, we present the 3.4 angstrom resolution crystal structure of a human K2P channel, K2P1 (TWIK-1). (rcsb.org)
- The structure lays a foundation to further investigate how K2P channels are regulated by diverse stimuli. (rcsb.org)
- Potassium channel, ions, and water: simulation studies based on the high resolution X-ray structure of KcsA. (ox.ac.uk)
- As in simulations based on a lower resolution structure of KcsA, concerted motions of ions and water within the filter are seen. (ox.ac.uk)
- The larger Cs(+) ions result in a small degree of expansion of the filter relative to the x-ray structure. (ox.ac.uk)
- These findings reveal a molecular basis of electroreception and demonstrate how discrete evolutionary changes in ion channel structure facilitate sensory adaptation. (nature.com)
- Kuang Q, Purhonen P and Hebert H: Structure of potassium channels. (spandidos-publications.com)
- The syndrome is caused by changes in the structure and function of certain cardiac ion channels and reduced expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) in the Right Ventricle (RV), predominantly in the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (VSVD), causing electromechanical abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)
Sodium channel1
- The channels for potassium and sodium ions are relatively clear even some debates in the sodium channel. (scholarpedia.org)
Physiology1
- These findings may improve our understanding of the roles of these channels in smooth muscle physiology and disease, particularly in conditions where Kv7.4 and Kv7.5 are differentially expressed. (aspetjournals.org)
Mutations2
- For example, mutations in these channels have been linked to cardiac arrhythmias, which can be life-threatening. (typeost.com)
- Mutations in K + channel sequences can lead to a variety of clinical disorders exemplifying their physiological importance [ 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
MeSH2
- A preliminary comparison of the use of particle mesh Ewald versus cutoff protocols for the treatment of long-range electrostatics suggests some difference in the kinetics of ion translocation within the filter. (ox.ac.uk)
- Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
Passage2
- This opens the channel, allowing passage of sodium ions. (encyclopedia.com)
- As the name implies, these are channels located in the membrane that grant passage to specific kinds of ions. (howstuffworks.com)
Physiological2
- Cahalan, M., Wulff, H. and Chandy, K. Molecular properties and physiological roles of ion channels in the immune system. (biomedcentral.com)
- Exposure to pH conditions slightly below physiological values was shown to desensitize the channels without apparent channel opening. (frontiersin.org)
Function5
- Published in the journal Science on January 26, the study could shed light on how potassium channels function and guide the development of some types of drugs, including painkillers. (mskcc.org)
- Channelopathies are a group of genetic, autoimmune, or inflammatory conditions that alter cardiomyocyte ion channel function in a manner that predisposes to bradyarrhythmias or tachyarrhythmias in the absence of a structural heart disorder. (msdmanuals.com)
- Either gain of function or loss of function in these ion channels, particularly when the abnormal channels are unevenly distributed, fosters abnormal electrophysiological environments. (msdmanuals.com)
- Short QT Interval Syndromes The short QT interval syndromes (SQTS) are extremely rare congenital or very rarely acquired disorders of cardiac ion channel function or regulation that shorten ventricular myocyte action potential. (msdmanuals.com)
- and inflammatory disorders producing cytokinins that affect cardiomyocyte ion channel function are increasingly being recognized. (msdmanuals.com)
Exposure1
- In humans, seven different voltage-gated ion channels are known to be activated by exposure to pulsed electromagnetic frequency. (news-medical.net)
Transport1
- Predicted to act upstream of or within potassium ion transport. (mcw.edu)