Renewal of hair folliclesEmbryonicHair follicle cellsPrimordial follicleAntral folliclesOvarian FolliclesDermal papillaGranulosa cellsRegulatesEpidermisOvaryTestisPreovulatoryEpitheliumEpithelialOocyteAnagenStemBasalDevelopmentPathwayPromotesFetalCatagenGenesSecondaryBoneToothPathwaysMiceGrowthRobustSkinActivationProteinCellsMouseProminentStudyCoreMatureFailure
Renewal of hair follicles2
- Morphogenesis and renewal of hair follicles from adult multipotent stem cells. (genescells.ru)
- Eiger is related to a protein called TNF that has been implicated in cycles of destruction and renewal of hair follicles in mice. (elifesciences.org)
Embryonic6
- BMP4 is found in early embryonic development in the ventral marginal zone and in the eye, heart blood and otic vesicle. (wikipedia.org)
- 2001), and pressured activation of -catenin signaling promotes locks follicle destiny in both embryonic and postnatal pores and skin (Gat et al. (bio-cavagnou.info)
- 2008). Conversely, ectopic manifestation from the secreted Wnt inhibitor Dkk1 in embryonic mouse epidermis prevents the initiation of locks follicle advancement and blocks patterned manifestation of most molecular placode markers, including Wnt ligands, recommending the need for an earlier performing, broadly indicated Wnt sign (Andl et al. (bio-cavagnou.info)
- 2002). TUBB3 Inefficient depletion of -catenin from embryonic epidermis also blocks first stages of locks follicle advancement 848591-90-2 (Huelsken et al. (bio-cavagnou.info)
- We report here that mice lacking Foxl2 also show defects in postnatal growth and embryonic bone and cartilage formation. (biomedcentral.com)
- The development of new tools and culture techniques has also enabled the factors that influence branching morphogenesis in the embryonic and pubertal gland to be identified. (biologists.com)
Hair follicle cells2
- Other transplanted cells could be found among keratinocytes, hair follicle cells, endothelial cells and in derma. (genescells.ru)
- We also show that during coordinated cell death of hair follicle cells in mice, TNF-α is expressed in apoptotic cells and is required for normal cell death. (elifesciences.org)
Primordial follicle1
- Premature ovarian failure is the extreme state of complete primordial follicle depletion. (medscape.com)
Antral follicles2
- Increased IGFBP-4 and -5 protease along with lower amounts of IGFBP-4 binding activity and greater amounts of free IGF-I are some of the earliest developmental changes documented in bovine growing antral follicles. (bioone.org)
- Follicles at this stage are called antral follicles [1]. (sdbcore.org)
Ovarian Follicles1
- Aging is associated with a decline in the number of ovarian follicles, menstrual irregularities, ovarian hormonal deficiency, anovulation, decreased fertility, and, finally, a complete and irreversible cessation of menses known as menopause, usually occurring at a mean age of 51 years. (medscape.com)
Dermal papilla5
- Current opinion views androgens as the pathogenic driver in the miniaturization of hair follicles of androgenetic alopecia by interfering with the dermal papilla. (nature.com)
- Further signaling relationships between the locks placode as well as the nascent dermal papilla result in placode down-growth and locks follicle morphogenesis. (bio-cavagnou.info)
- The dermal papilla comprises the specialised mesenchymal cells at the base of the hair follicle. (biologists.com)
- Communication between dermal papilla cells and the overlying epithelium is essential for differentiation of the hair follicle lineages. (biologists.com)
- We have thus demonstrated a previously unrecognised heterogeneity in dermal papilla cells and shown that Sox2-positive cells specify particular hair follicle types. (biologists.com)
Granulosa cells3
- Follicles are assigned developmental stages based on oocyte diameter and on the morphology of the associated somatic granulosa cells. (sdbcore.org)
- Initially, primordial follicles (A, arrowheads) are comprised of the oocyte surrounded by a single layer of squamous (flat) granulosa cells [2]. (sdbcore.org)
- As the follicle matures (D), fluid is secreted from the granulosa cells. (sdbcore.org)
Regulates1
- At the same time, skin and hair follicles harbor a functional circadian clock that regulates gene expression with a periodicity of approximately twenty four hours. (aging-us.com)
Epidermis1
- Niemann C., Watt F.M. Designer skin: lineage commitment in postnatal epidermis. (genescells.ru)
Ovary3
- At present no proven method can determine that a woman has no primordial follicles remaining in the ovary, so, in effect, this term is merely a construct (ie, a concept that cannot be proven). (medscape.com)
- Cross sections of Carollia perspicillata (short-tailed fruit bat) ovary showing follicle development. (sdbcore.org)
- In mammals, oocytes mature within structures called follicles before they are released from the ovary during ovulation. (sdbcore.org)
Testis1
- The Nr5a1 fetal Leydig enhancer is required for the initial dedifferentiation of mouse fetal Leydig cells as well as subsequent redifferentiation to adult Leydig cells in the postnatal testis. (silverchair.com)
Preovulatory2
- In some species (e.g., bovine), evidence indicates that decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 levels in estrogen-dominant preovulatory follicles are likely due, in part, to increased protease activity, whereas lower levels of IGFBP-2 are not due to increased proteolysis. (bioone.org)
- The follicle at this stage is called a preovulatory or Graafian follicle (E). It is ready for ovulation and fertilization [1]. (sdbcore.org)
Epithelium1
- Once primordial follicles are activated (B) [3], the oocyte increases in diameter and the granulosa cell layer proliferates and changes from a squamous epithelial layer to a single layered cuboidal epithelium , generating a primary follicle [1]. (sdbcore.org)
Epithelial6
- Beginning after completion of hair morphogenesis (postnatal day 14 in the mouse), hair growth cycles commence with catagen, an involution process of the hair follicle during which the majority of its epithelial compartments undergo apoptosis [ 1 ]. (aging-us.com)
- In an anagen human hair follicle PPARγ expression is detected in the mesenchymal DP cells, epithelial cells of the outer root sheath (ORS), inner root sheath and matrix 16 . (nature.com)
- Launch Hair follicle advancement requires reciprocal conversation between surface area epithelial cells as well as the root mesenchyme that's mediated by secreted signaling substances (Schmidt-Ullrich and Paus, 2005). (bio-cavagnou.info)
- A sign in the dermis is considered to start formation of a normal selection of epithelial thickenings, referred to as locks follicle placodes (Hardy, 1992). (bio-cavagnou.info)
- The hair follicle is made up of approximately eight distinct epithelial lineages ( Schmidt-Ullrich and Paus,2005 ). (biologists.com)
- Peripheral endocrine glands (thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, gonads) form early in the second month from epithelial/mesenchye interactions and differentiate into the third month. (edu.au)
Oocyte1
- These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
Anagen2
- The clock genes that we identified as upregulated in telogen/early anagen were all CLOCK/BMAL1 target genes, including Pers, Dbp and Rev-Erbα. (aging-us.com)
- While these genes show a clear circadian pattern of expression in skin, as was previously demonstrated [ 9 - 11 ], their amplitude was higher during telogen and early anagen (Figure 1 ), indicating that in skin, the expression of clock controlled genes is dependent both on circadian mechanism and the hair growth cycle. (aging-us.com)
Stem2
- Total and conditional knock out of PPARγ in hair follicle bulge stem cells showed similar result where scarring alopecia was observed in mice with the loss of pilosebaceous units and inflammatory cells infiltration 18 , 19 . (nature.com)
- This study identifies a hierarchy of niche signaling that maintains Drosophila follicle stem cells and might be important for a robust, yet dynamic, niche. (silverchair.com)
Basal2
- They found that removal of either the basal or coronal halves of the follicle prevented eruption. (hindawi.com)
- Occult primary ovarian insufficiency presents as unexplained infertility in a patient with a normal basal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level. (medscape.com)
Development6
- BMP4 antagonizes organizer tissue and is expressed in early development in ectoderm and mesoderm tissue. (wikipedia.org)
- Mouse locks follicle development happens in a number of waves, with major (safeguard) locks follicle placodes showing up at around E14.5, and secondary (awl and zigzag locks) placodes forming between E16.5 and birth (Schmidt-Ullrich and Paus, 2005). (bio-cavagnou.info)
- 2006). Development of a normal, patterned selection of major hair follicles can be thought to take place with a reaction-diffusion system predicated on competition between placode marketing and placode-inhibitory morphogens (Jiang et al. (bio-cavagnou.info)
- After birth, mammary development is arrested until puberty, when extensive elongation of the ducts, accompanied by secondary branching, takes place, thus providing a readily accessible system in which to study branching morphogenesis. (biologists.com)
- Retinoic acid signaling modulates both lung development and postnatal immune function. (biomedcentral.com)
- He also holds a PhD degree, and his doctoral research focused on genetic mechanisms of early bone development. (stanford.edu)
Pathway4
- Comparative full transcriptome profile analysis of the hair bulb region of normal and miniaturized hair follicles from vertex and occipital region in males with and without androgenetic alopecia revealed that next to the androgen receptor as well the retinoid receptor and particularly the PPAR pathway is involved in progressive hair miniaturization. (nature.com)
- Binding from the A1 isoform from the Tumor Necrosis Element relative Ectodysplasin to its receptor EDAR induces nuclear translocation from the transcription element NF-B, and NF-B pathway activation in developing locks follicle placodes (Kumar et al. (bio-cavagnou.info)
- They also saw that the eruption pathway created by bone resorption did not develop after removal of the follicle. (hindawi.com)
- 0.05) decreased mRNA and protein expression of retinoic acid signaling pathway elements, including retinoic acid receptor alpha and retinoic acid receptor beta, with the greatest number of changes observed between postnatal days 3-5. (biomedcentral.com)
Promotes1
- Signaling in the placodes promotes clustering of root dermal fibroblasts, developing dermal condensates that will be the precursors of locks follicle dermal papillae (Schmidt-Ullrich and Paus, 2005). (bio-cavagnou.info)
Fetal1
- Fetal exposure to water disinfection by-products alters postnatal growth and glucose homeostasis. (mcmaster.ca)
Catagen1
- Recent studies showed that treatment of hair follicles by agonistic modulators induced entry into catagen with an anti-inflammatory mechanism 20 . (nature.com)
Genes1
- In our recent study we found that circadian clock genes play a role in regulation of the hair growth cycle during synchronized hair follicle cycling, uncovering an unexpected connection between these two timing systems within skin. (aging-us.com)
Secondary1
- Follicles with this structure are called secondary follicles (C) [1]. (sdbcore.org)
Bone3
- Animal experimental studies have generally demonstrated that the tooth follicle plays a major role as the structure that forms the path for the crown through the overlying bone during the eruption process [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- They concluded in their study [ 1 ] that resorption and alveolar bone formation occurring around an erupting tooth are regulated by adjacent parts after the dental follicle. (hindawi.com)
- Accordingly, several experimental studies have been performed that show how the follicle functions in the resorption process that is invoked in the bone tissue during eruption. (hindawi.com)
Tooth1
- 3 ] found that downregulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG) which is needed for tooth eruption is mediated by colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) expressed in the dental follicle of erupting teeth [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Pathways1
- complicated interplay and inter-dependence of Wnt/-catenin and Eda/Edar/NF-B signaling pathways in initiation and maintenance of principal locks follicle placodes. (bio-cavagnou.info)
Mice1
- In mice, the two initial hair growth cycles are synchronized such that the majority of hair follicles are in a similar stage of the hair growth cycle at a given time. (aging-us.com)
Growth2
- Hair follicles undergo continuous cycles of growth, involution and rest. (aging-us.com)
- In order to systematically discover transcriptional activity associated with the hair growth cycle, we profiled mRNA expression at a genome-wide level over multiple time points corresponding to morphogenesis and two synchronized hair growth cycles. (aging-us.com)
Robust1
- Since our mRNA expression studies were performed using whole skin, we asked which compartments of the skin and hair follicles contribute to the robust rhythmic circadian gene expression in telogen. (aging-us.com)
Skin3
- In postnatal skin, Sox2 is only expressed in the dermal papillae of guard/awl/auchene follicles, whereas CD133 is expressed both in guard/awl/auchene and in zigzag dermal papillae. (biologists.com)
- In skin reconstitution assays, hair follicles failed to form when dermis was depleted of both GFP + CD133 + and GFP - CD133 + cells. (biologists.com)
- In mouse skin there are several distinct hair follicle types that differ in length, thickness and in the presence or absence of kinks in the hair shaft( Schlake, 2007 ). (biologists.com)
Activation1
- 2006), as the Edar-BMP shared activation-inhibition system can be recommended to stabilize a labile pre-pattern 848591-90-2 set up by early Wnt/-catenin signaling (Mou et al. (bio-cavagnou.info)
Protein1
- ESP is the earliest known protein to be recognized as a marker for the specification of the equatorial segment, and it allows this region to be traced through all phases of acrosomal biogenesis. (bioone.org)
Cells3
- The BMP4 signaling has been found in formation of early mesoderm and germ cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Study of PCNA expression revealed that application of transfected cells terminate proliferative processes in regenerating wound earlier then application of untransfected cells. (genescells.ru)
- found that TNF is produced by apoptotic cells in hair follicles, and that blocking TNF inhibits the death of other cells in the same cohort: this suggests that a common mechanism could regulate the communal death of cells in flies and mammals. (elifesciences.org)
Mouse1
- We show the up-regulation of PGC1a in the inner and outer root sheath (IRS/ORS) of hair follicles from AGA patients and the dynamic expression in the mouse hair cycle. (nature.com)
Prominent1
- Male patterned hair loss, or androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss, prominent in males and characterized by progressive miniaturization of hair follicles 1 . (nature.com)
Study1
- Thus, Marks and Cahill [ 1 ] examined in an experimental study the effect on eruption after surgical removal of different parts of the follicle. (hindawi.com)
Core1
- IHH is a core factor in the morphogenesis of vertebrate skeleton. (regenmedres-journal.org)
Mature1
- Light microscopic immunofluorescent observations revealed that during acrosome biogenesis ESP first appears in the nascent acrosomal vesicle in early round spermatids and subsequently segregates to the periphery of the expanding acrosomal vesicle, thereby defining a peripheral equatorial segment compartment within flattened acrosomal vesicles and in the acrosomes of early and late cap phase, elongating, and mature spermatids. (bioone.org)
Failure1
- Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) (premature ovarian failure, premature menopause, or early menopause) is a condition characterized by amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism, and elevated serum gonadotropin levels in women younger than 40 years. (medscape.com)