Intracellular calcium in hypertrophic smooth muscle from rat urinary bladder. (mdc-berlin.de)
BK channels are activated by both cell membrane depolarization and increases in intracellular calcium, allowing them to function as coincidence detectors that integrate intracellular calcium levels and membrane voltage. (health-e-nc.org)
This leads to an increase in the number of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and so the cell increases the levels of chaperone proteins to cope with this. (elifesciences.org)
Cells1
Skeletal muscle comprises different muscle fibers, including slow- and fast-type muscles, and satellite cells (SCs), which exist in individual muscle fibers and possess different myogenic properties. (bvsalud.org)
Cell2
Hernandezine possess the highest efficacy in provoking such cell death when compared with other examined compounds. (oncotarget.com)
Many proteins are made in a compartment within the cell called the endoplasmic reticulum and 'chaperone' proteins help them fold correctly. (elifesciences.org)
Properties2
The biophysical and pharmacological properties of somatic and dendritic versus nerve terminal channels are consistent with the characteristics of exogenously expressed 1 versus 4 channels, respectively. (health-e-nc.org)
Association of the subunit with numerous subunits modulates channel properties, including kinetic behavior, voltage dependence, calcium level of sensitivity, and pharmacological attributes such as sensitivity to the channel blockers, iberiotoxin and charybdotoxin (Dworetzky et al. (health-e-nc.org)
Influx4
Although the L-VDCC subunits are most abundant in fast skeletal transverse tubules, Ca 2+ influx is not required for contraction in skeletal muscle, unlike cardiac muscle, which requires Ca 2+ entry with each beat and triggers Ca 2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) via Ca 2+ -release channels, e.g., ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). (jci.org)
Available experimental evidence indicates the presence of several ion channel and transporter proteins in ZG membranes (aquaporins, vacuolar-type H + -ATPase, zinc influx transporter SLC30A2). (pancreapedia.org)
Proteins2
The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins. (lookformedical.com)
The advent of the post-genomic era had raised hopes that - similar to other areas of cell biology - a large number of ZG transport proteins would be identified and their role in pancreatic secretion would be elucidated. (pancreapedia.org)
Pancreatic1
Previous functional and pharmacological studies in pancreatic acinar cells and zymogen granules (ZG) had suggested that ion channels and transporters are expressed in the membrane of ZG where they contribute to maturation, fusion, exocytosis and/or fluidization of zymogens. (pancreapedia.org)
CALCIUM CHANNELS located within the PURKINJE CELLS of the cerebellum. (lookformedical.com)
CALCIUM CHANNELS located in the neurons of the brain. (lookformedical.com)
This chapter reviews studies that have been largely published in the postgenomic era and combined biochemical, immunological, electrophysiological, pharmacological, and/or occasionally knockout methodologies to identify cloned transporters and ion channels in the membrane of ZG. (pancreapedia.org)
Addition1
Contraction is followed by Ca 2+ release from troponin C and its reuptake by the SR via activation of the SR Ca 2+ -ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) Ca 2+ pump in addition to extrusion across the sarcolemma via the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX). (jci.org)
Drugs1
The coadministration of many different drugs in patients with concomitant pathologies (i.e., coronary disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia and dementia) may represent an obstacle for an effective pharmacological management of dementia since some drugs effective for a peripheral medical condition can exert a deleterious effect on brain function and brain perfusion with severe effects on cognition, behavior and psychomotor function. (medscape.com)