• Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( M. hyo ) is the primary pathogen causing Enzootic Pneumonia (EP), one of the most prevalent respiratory diseases in pigs resulting in high morbidity but low mortality. (ceva.vn)
  • Although A.p is a primary pathogen which doesn't require previous triggering to produce the disease, M. hyo can increase the severity of A.p infection. (ceva.vn)
  • The role of PmA as a primary pathogen was investigated by challenging pigs with eight field strains isolated from pneumonia and serositis in six Brazilian states. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was first reported in 1957, and was formally declared to be the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia in 1964. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main disease associated with this bacterium is porcine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious respiratory disease, affecting primarily young pigs (usually less than 6 months). (wikipedia.org)
  • All of the symptoms and signs of porcine pleuropneumonia can be attributed to its virulence factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The subsequent lysis of macrophages causes a release of lysozymes, which in turn cause the tissue damage seen in porcine pleuropneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Porcine pleuropneumonia induced by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ( A.p ) and enzootic pneumonia due to primarily M ycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( M. hyo )belong to most important and widely spread diseases of pigs. (ceva.vn)
  • The complexity of the pathogenic mechanism underlying the host immune response to Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia ( App ) makes the use of preventive measures difficult, and a more global view of the host-pathogen interactions and new insights into this process are urgently needed to reveal the pathogenic and immune mechanisms underlying App infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia ( App ) can cause serious porcine respiratory diseases with high incidence and mortality rates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (previously Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, respiratory pathogen found in pigs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies show that co-infections with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), porcine parvovirus (PPV), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis and Streptococcus suis are commonly involved in PCVD. (msd-animal-health.ie)
  • A derivative of erythromycin, it is active against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), P asteurella multocida , Bordetella bronchiseptica , Haemophilus parasuis and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( M. hyo ) - all pathogens that can cause or contribute to SRD. (thepigsite.com)
  • 1. Marthaler D, Jiang Y, Otterson T, Goyal S, Rossow K, Collins J. Complete genome sequence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain USA/Colorado/2013 from the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • SHIC-funded Swine Disease Monitoring Reports ' aggregate data show breeding herd breaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus tend to follow breaks in wean-to-harvest sites. (swinehealth.org)
  • The typical presentation of A. pleuropneumoniae in pigs is the characteristic demarcated lesions in the middle, cranial, and caudal lobes of the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial expression profiles of A. pleuropneumoniae isolated from lung lesions of 25 infected pigs were compared in samples taken 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours post infection. (nih.gov)
  • The Ceva Lung Program offers the methodology and guidelines on how to correctly evaluate the presence, incidence, circulation patterns and impact of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae , Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Aujesky's disease virus infections using serological investigation and adapted lung scoring of slaughter pigs. (ceva.vn)
  • The objective of these studies was to investigate if porcine postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) could be induced in healthy pigs following contact with air from pigs with clinical signs of PMWS. (hindawi.com)
  • PRRS is an acronym (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome) for a viral disease characterized by two overlapping clinical presentations, reproductive impairment or failure in breeding animals, and respiratory disease in pigs of any age. (iastate.edu)
  • The hypothesis that some PmA strains are primary pathogens and cause disease in pigs without any co-factor was confirmed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Streptococcus suis is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in the porcine industry and also a zoonotic agent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among the bacterial pathogens, various strains of Escherichia coli are the major culprits. (zoologix.com)
  • Moreover, prevention is also important for food safety and public health when zoonotic pathogens are concerned. (biomedcentral.com)
  • a herd size of minimum 800 sows to ensure enough gilts for sampling in each unit, freedom from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) or PRRSV-stability (no clinical signs), presence of minimum one quarantine unit and purchase of gilts from an outside source. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) occurs in all age groups. (iastate.edu)
  • It was referred to as swine mystery disease (SMD) or swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) before porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) became the generally agreed-upon name. (iastate.edu)
  • PCVD has been associated with Porcine Dermonephrotic Syndrome (PDNS) and reproductive failure and infection is presented clinically by mortality, ill- thrift (wasting), paleness, dyspnoea (difficulty breathing), intermittent diarrhoea and visibly enlarged lymph nodes. (msd-animal-health.ie)
  • The transcriptional profile of the porcine lung pathogen, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, was monitored during the acute phase of infection in its natural host. (nih.gov)
  • Overall design: A 84 chip study using total RNA recovered from A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (4226) and serotype 6 (7712640) isolated from infected pig lung tissue during the first 48 of infection. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we infected specific pathogen-free Mus musculus with App serotype 7 by intranasal inoculation to construct an acute hemorrhagic pneumonia infection model and isolated the infected lungs for analysis of the interactions by dual RNA-seq. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The infection process is complex, and the interactions between a pathogen and its host are essential components of the infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1] ZHANG L,WU X,HUANG Z,et al.Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic assessment of cefquinome against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a piglet tissue cage infection model[J]. Veterinary Microbiology ,2018,219(6):100-106. (chvm.net)
  • Nineteen different serotype variants (serovars) have been recognized for A. pleuropneumoniae, based on the different capsular polysaccharides exhibited. (wikipedia.org)
  • 10. Berge ACB, Sischo WM, Craigmill AL: Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of respiratory tract pathogens from sheep and goats. (sciendo.com)
  • 16. Galecio JS, Escudero E, Corrales JC, García-Romero E, de la Fe C, Hernandis V, Marin P: Susceptibility of caprine mastitis pathogens to tildipirosin, gamithromycin, oxytetracycline, and danofloxacin: effect of serum on the in vitro potency of current macrolides. (sciendo.com)
  • High viraemia leads to clinical PCVD and potentially high mortality rates of up to 70 to 80% in affected animals, while low viraemia leads to less obvious subclinical disease, reduced average daily gain (ADG) and increased susceptibility to other pathogens. (msd-animal-health.ie)
  • Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a nonmotile, Gram-negative, encapsulated coccobacillus bacterium found in the family Pasteurellaceae. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is also one of the main pathogens involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC), however other bacteria and viruses are also often contributing factors. (ceva.vn)
  • 3] SHIN M,KANG M L,CHA S B,et al.An immunosorbent assay based on the recombinant ApxⅠa,ApxⅡa,and ApxⅢa toxins of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and its application to field sera[J]. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ,2011,23(4):736-742. (chvm.net)
  • Objective】 Through genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of GD2107 strain of multi-drug resistant Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP),the genome database information of APP was enriched,the phylogenetic tree based on Apx Ⅳ gene was constructed,and the evolutionary relationship of the strain was analyzed,so as to provide reference for exploring the pathogenic mechanism of APP and clinical prevention and control of porcine infectious porcine contagious pleuropneumia (PCP). (chvm.net)
  • Whole Genome Sequencing and Biological Characteristics Analysis of Multidrug-resistant Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae GD2107 Strain[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(10): 4019-4031. (chvm.net)
  • Vaccination against both pathogens is thus advisable in farms affected by those agents. (ceva.vn)
  • The implementation of biosecurity measures all along the production chain minimises the risk of introduction of new pathogens into the farms, as well as their spread within farms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the 1980 decade, concepts such as "minimal disease" or "specific-pathogen free farms" began to be common and led to the modern concept of biosecurity [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within this frame, the introduction of a new pathogen in a farm can have serious or even catastrophic consequences, not only for the affected farms, but also for all other connected operations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 PDCoV rRT-PCR was not tested on the remaining 53 porcine samples because of the reduced sensitivity of the assay compared with the membrane and spike rRT-PCR (data not shown). (cdc.gov)
  • Streptococcus suis is one of the most important pathogens in the porcine industry causing septicemia with sudden death, meningitis, and a variety of other diseases [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PCVD (Porcine Circovirus Disease) is the name that now describes what was previously known as PMWS (Post-weaning multisystemic wasting disease). (msd-animal-health.ie)
  • SHIC's Rapid Response Program investigation of the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae outbreak in the Midwest exposed deficiencies of wean-to-harvest biosecurity that contributed to disease spread. (swinehealth.org)
  • This implies knowledge of the epidemiology of the diseases to be avoided that is not always available, but since ways of transmission of pathogens are limited to a few, it is possible to implement effective actions even with some gaps in our knowledge on a given disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each chip measures the expression level of 4,876 target genes from A. pleuropneumoniae with each gene covered by an average of 26.7 probes. (nih.gov)
  • For this reason, it can be considered a relevant diagnostic tool in assessing the efficiency of vaccines against those respiratory pathogens. (ceva.vn)
  • In other cases, for example, influenza A virus, animal pathogens have the potential for producing a pandemic event. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The rapid population expansion of dominant lineage 1 occurred within the last 40 years probably due to the rapid development of the porcine industry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Biosecurity embraces all aspects of the prevention of pathogens entering and spreading within a group of animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 3 PDCoV RT-PqCRs were tested with 240 porcine samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Biosecurity can be defined as the application of measures aimed to reduce the probability of the introduction (external biosecurity) and further spread of pathogens within the farm (internal biosecurity). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This kit detects the pathogen DNA in FAM channel and includes an Endogenous Control (HEX/VIC), making it a duplex real-time PCR in one-well format, allowing identification of false negatives due to poor extraction and/or PCR inhibition. (goldstandarddiagnostics.com)
  • In recent years, with the emergence and re-emergence of difficult-to-control diseases such as African swine fever or porcine epidemic diarrhoea, the perception of the critical importance of pig health and its relationship with biosecurity has increased in recent years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is particularly evident in the case of pig farming as shown by the recent episodes of African swine fever or porcine epidemic diarrhoea. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was found to be the causative agent for up to 20% of all bacterial pneumonia cases in swine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Differences in virulence potential, immunogenicity, and worldwide geographical distribution contribute to the diversity of the A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes. (wikipedia.org)