• A rapid diagnostic 'mulitplex' one-step polymerase chain reaction protocol (RD-PCR) was developed using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to discriminate between S. haematobium and S. bovis. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDUFA2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The human NDUFA2 gene codes for a subunit of Complex I of the respiratory chain, which transfers electrons from NADH to ubiquinone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Exon 8 of the mouse α 6 subunit gene was disrupted by homologous recombination. (jneurosci.org)
  • Phylogenetic relationships inferred from an alignment of small nuclear ribosomal subunit rRNA gene sequences using maximum likelihood. (ajtmh.org)
  • Positive samples were further subjected to three sets of multiplex-PCR for detection of fimbrial subunits (AAF), serine protease autotransporter toxins (SPATE) and at least one enterotoxin gene. (magiran.com)
  • Using polymerase chain reaction amplification of human-specific products from human x rodent somatic cell hybrid DNAs, the gene has been assigned to human chromosome 6. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The feline CGA gene was cloned from RNA extracted from the feline pituitary gland by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). (avmi.net)
  • The gene fragment that encodes mature TSHbeta was cloned from feline genomic DNA after direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (avmi.net)
  • Research on kinship analysis between Javan gibbon individuals using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on the Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene needs to be done to support its conservation efforts. (ub.ac.id)
  • The results showed that the kinship of Javanese gibbons in the Javan Primate Rehabilitation Center (JPRC) of West Java was successfully described based on the COI gene (Cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1) both intraspecifically and interspecies. (ub.ac.id)
  • Samples were also screened for Blastocystis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) as previously described 7 , using the primers 1FB and 1RB, which amplified the 1.1-kb small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) gene fragments. (rsbmt.org.br)
  • Unlike traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), hybrid enrichment techniques can be used to isolate and amplify many loci in a single reaction, and thus greatly improve the representation of single species in terms of gene coverage in phylogenomic analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genetic characterization of the isolates was based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The δ subunit mRNA was present at wild-type levels in the mutant granule cells, indicating a post-translational loss of the δ subunit. (jneurosci.org)
  • Editing of mRNA in the coding region of the second transmembrane domain of glutamate receptor subunits GluR2, GluR5, and GluR6 involves a change of the base A in genomic DNA to the base G in mRNA as described in rat brain. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The PCR product was incubated with the restriction enzyme BbvI, which recognizes the sequence GCAGC present in the nonedited sequence of the mRNA in subunits GluR2 and GluR6. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • As in the rat, the GluR2 subunit mRNA was completely edited in human brain. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • We have investigated the mRNA expression of the glycine receptor alpha 3 (Glra3) subunit in the nervous system as well as in several peripheral organs of female and male mice. (sagepub.com)
  • Three COVID-19 vaccines are currently available for use in the United States and recommended by ACIP: 1) the bivalent mRNA Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, 2) the bivalent mRNA Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, and 3) the monovalent adjuvanted, protein subunit-based Novavax COVID-19 vaccine. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, cerebellar granule cells express six subunit genes abundantly (α 1 , α 6 , β 2 , β 3 , γ 2 , and δ), and so they probably have several distinct GABA A receptor subtypes of unknown subunit stoichiometry. (jneurosci.org)
  • Well isolated colonies were then evaluated for the presence of EAEC diagnostic genes (aggR and pCVD432) by duplex polymerase chain reaction (D-PCR). (magiran.com)
  • Malaria-positive microscopy isolates were spotted on filter papers for future Plasmodial molecular detection by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) of small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (ssrRNA) genes specific primers. (bvsalud.org)
  • The genes encoding the mature common glycoprotein alpha (CGA) and hormone-specific beta subunits of feline thyroid stimulating hormone (fTSH) were cloned and sequenced. (avmi.net)
  • This report constitutes the first cloning and sequencing of the genes encoding the subunits of feline thyrotropin. (avmi.net)
  • To characterize the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS), we developed specific PCR primer sets to distinguish 12 groups of LMW-GS genes of Norin 61 and to decide their loci with nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Theoretische und angewandte Genetik JO - Theor Appl Genet VL - 112 IS - 2 N2 - To characterize the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS), we developed specific PCR primer sets to distinguish 12 groups of LMW-GS genes of Norin 61 and to decide their loci with nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and sequencing was used to determine the presence of β-lactamase encoding genes (bla) including bla NDM-1 and plasmid-mediated quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance determinants. (who.int)
  • The effects of zeranol on cell proliferation were measured using the MTS assay, aromatase expression levels were determined by immunocytochemical staining and reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction, and aromatase enzyme activity and estrogen production were analyzed using corresponding assay kits. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Penelitian mengenai analisa kekerabatan antar individu owa Jawa menggunakan DNA mitokondria (mtDNA) pada gen Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) perlu dilakukan demi mendukung upaya pelestariannya. (ub.ac.id)
  • In this study, we investigated whether mtDNA with the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 ( ND6 ) G13997A pathogenic mutation in highly metastatic cells can be horizontally transferred to low-metastatic cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RC primers directed to a region of the mitochon- been the inability to evaluate therapeutic response or to drial large subunit rRNA (mtLSU) were used for amplifi- temporally measure the organism numbers because of the cation of P. carinii -specific DNA (6). (cdc.gov)
  • A single forward primer and two species-specific reverse primers were used to produce a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragment of 306 bp and 543 bp for S. bovis and S. haematobium, respectively. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • To estimate the abundance of C. marina complex in marine plankton samples, we developed a protocol based on the droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay, with C. marina complex-specific primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA. (e-algae.org)
  • An early-morning sputum sam- encoding the B-subunit of RNA of droplet particles aerosolized from ple was collected from 170 patients polymerase ( rpoB DNA, 342-360 persons infected with Mycobacterium into wide-mouthed plastic contain- base pairs) was the target region for tuberculosis or by consumption of milk ers. (who.int)
  • A cDNA encoding the human gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor beta 2 subunit has been cloned and sequenced. (aspetjournals.org)
  • To assay the extent of editing in brain RNA, first strand cDNA was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction yielding a product across the region of the second transmembrane spanning segment in which editing takes place in rats. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • A full-length cDNA (Ov-phy-1) encoding a catalytically active alpha-subunit of Onchocerca volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase was isolated and characterized. (embl.de)
  • Full-length cDNAs encoding α and β fertilin subunits were isolated from a rat testis cDNA library and sequenced. (edu.au)
  • NKA, a member of the P-type ATPases, is a heterodimer composed of two catalytic α-subunits, which couple ATP hydrolysis to ion transport, and two glycosylated β-subunits, responsible for the maturation and assembly of NKA [ 4 , 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Pol δ is anchored to one of the three PCNA monomers through the C-terminal domain of the catalytic subunit. (nature.com)
  • The catalytic core sits on top of PCNA in an open configuration while the regulatory subunits project laterally. (nature.com)
  • Mammalian Pol δ consists of a catalytic subunit and three regulatory subunits (Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
  • The catalytic subunit (p125) harbours the polymerase and exonuclease activities, and a metal-binding C-terminal domain (CTD). (nature.com)
  • For a number of benzodiazepine binding site compounds, a barbiturate, and several neurosteroids, neither the affinity nor the efficacy of the compounds is influenced by the type of beta subunit present in the receptor molecule. (aspetjournals.org)
  • CD14 binds lipopolysaccharide molecule in a reaction catalyzed by lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), an acute phase serum protein. (thermofisher.com)
  • The NDUFA2 protein is a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), which is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain. (wikipedia.org)
  • The flow of electrons changes the redox state of the protein, resulting in a conformational change and pK shift of the ionizable side chain, which pumps four hydrogen ions out of the mitochondrial matrix. (wikipedia.org)
  • NDUFA2 has many protein interactions, including interactions with other members of the NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex, other subunits of Complex I as well as with redox proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The diagnostic level of natriuretic peptide A (NPPA), haemoglobin subunit beta (HBB), and hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1(HAPLN1) were validated by a GSE116250 dataset. (researchsquare.com)
  • Here, removal of intact α 6 protein from cerebellar granule cells allowed perturbations in other subunit levels to be studied. (jneurosci.org)
  • This control is propagated through the alpha-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase where protein levels were previously shown to rise fivefold with increasing cell density. (embl.de)
  • Subsequently, truncation and mutation of a vimentin promoter demonstrated that HDAC1‑induced vimentin expression was dependent on a nuclear factor κ‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B cells (NF‑κB) binding site in the vimentin promoter sequence. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the expression and association of renal FXYD12 and NKA α-subunit as well as potential functions of FXYD12 in the two medakas. (ijbs.com)
  • Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the developmental expression of fertilin α and β was determined in pre-pubertal and mature rat testes. (edu.au)
  • To determine whether this reaction occurs in humans as well as rats, we studied RNA editing of GluR2 and GluR6 in human brain. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • 8]. The polymerase ease can infect humans and animals, questionnaire administered during chain reaction (PCR) mixture was with outcomes ranging from localized the collection of samples. (who.int)
  • Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (ARRP) is a degenerative disease of photoreceptors in which defects in the rhodopsin and phosphodiesterase beta-subunit (PDEB) loci have been reported. (nih.gov)
  • 2 µL reaction (PCR) to monitor the progression of infection in reactions. (cdc.gov)
  • The gold standard for confirming influenza virus infection is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or viral culture of nasopharyngeal or throat secretions. (medscape.com)
  • After accounting for clustering (i.e., restricting the population at risk for HFMD to persons in training subunits that experienced cases), the rate of infection among trainees was 4.7% (50 of 1,054 persons). (cdc.gov)
  • Role of the beta subunit in determining the pharmacology of human gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • By expressing recombinant human GABAA receptors containing different beta subunits (beta 1, beta 2 or beta 3) in both transfected cells and Xenopus oocytes, we have been able to determine the influence of the beta subunit on the pharmacology of the receptor. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Glycine [email protected] is an agonist to the glycine receptors (GlyRs), which are Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden pentameric ligand-gated ion channels that predomi- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish nantly consist of four ligand binding alpha (α) subunits University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (GLRA1-GLRA4) and one structural beta (β) subunit [3]. (sagepub.com)
  • We found that miR-652 directly targets the B" regulatory subunit, PPP2R3A, of the tumor suppressor PP2A, inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PC3 cells and neuroendocrine-like differentiation (NED) in LNCaP cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • The resulting 510 bp PCR product for the CGA-subunit included the full coding sequence for the 96 amino acid mature subunit preceded by a 24 amino acid signal peptide. (avmi.net)
  • Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis and developmental polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies demonstrated that Ov-phy-1 was expressed in L3 and adult parasites. (embl.de)
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction has been defined as a reduced efficiency of mitochondria to produce ATP given by a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, alterations in the electron transport chain (ETC) function, with increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and decrease in oxygen consumption. (biomed.news)
  • These results provide genetic evidence for a specific association between the α 6 and δ subunits. (jneurosci.org)
  • NDUFA2 is an accessory subunit of Complex I that is believed not to be involved in catalysis but may be involved in regulating Complex I activity or its assembly via assistance in redox processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of oxygen. (lecturio.com)
  • These data suggest that the beta subunit does not significantly influence the benzodiazepine, barbiturate, or steriod site pharmacologies of human GABAA receptor subtypes. (aspetjournals.org)
  • A single-chain analogue of fTSH termed yoked fTSH (yfTSH) was developed by fusing the nucleotides encoding the C-terminus of the beta-subunit fused to the N-terminus of the alpha-subunit with DNA encoding the C-terminal peptide (CTP) of human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit as a linker peptide. (avmi.net)
  • The resulting single-chain analogue encoded from N-terminus to C-terminus: beta-CTP-alpha-FLAG. (avmi.net)
  • Glycine exerts inhibition through interaction with ligand-gated ion channels com- posed of alpha and beta subunits. (sagepub.com)
  • Eight of 12 nasopharyngeal specimens tested locally by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were positive for enterovirus. (cdc.gov)
  • In eukaryotes, DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) bound to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) replicates the lagging strand and cooperates with flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) to process the Okazaki fragments for their ligation. (nature.com)
  • In α 6 −/− granule cells, the δ subunit was selectively degraded as seen by immunoprecipitation, immunocytochemistry, and immunoblot analysis with δ subunit-specific antibodies. (jneurosci.org)
  • Paschen, W, Hedreen, JC & Ross, CA 1994, ' RNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR6 in human brain tissue ', Journal of Neurochemistry , vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 1596-1602. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • A PCR assay targeting cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 confirmed that adult worms from the peritoneal cavity and testicular microfilariae were of the same filarial species. (frontiersin.org)
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S large subunit (LSU) regions of the ribosomal DNA, two commonly used DNA barcoding regions for fungi, can also be used to identify M. titans (DeLong and Brewer 2013). (ufl.edu)
  • The GluR6 subunit was nearly completely edited in all gray matter structures investigated including cortex, striatum, thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum with extent of editing ranging from 89% in the cerebellum to 95% in the cortex and striatum. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Because in α 6 −/− neurons the remaining α 1 , β 2/3 , and γ 2 subunits cannot rescue the δ subunit, certain potential subunit combinations may not be found in wild-type cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. (lecturio.com)
  • function of proliferative responses provoked in the induction cell products favor immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, phase of contact allergy, the murine local lymph node assay serving as growth and differentiation factors for mast cells and (LLNA), has been accepted as a stand-alone method for skin eosinophils, the cellular effectors of the clinical manifestations of sensitization testing (NIH, 1999). (cdc.gov)
  • however, the rules guiding receptor subunit assembly are unclear. (jneurosci.org)
  • and plotted against the log amount of plasmid per reaction in University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, picograms. (cdc.gov)