Polymerase chain re proto oncogene proteins c bcl 2. Medical search. Frequent questions

Reduced expression of the functionally connected apoptosis-regulators and candidate tumor suppressors Fau and Bcl-G has recently been implicated in oncogenesis in other tissues. (uea.ac.uk)
Previously, we reported that low-protein diets increased mesenchymal apoptosis cells when metanephrogenesis began and thereafter reduced numbers of precursor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
In this study, we tried to examine the anti-metastasis and apoptosis/autophagy actions of Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a derivative of Antrodia camphorata in HNCC TWIST1 overexpressing (FaDu-TWIST1) cells as well as in vivo tumor xenograft mice model. (bvsalud.org)
Several MYC-induced pathways, such as activation of the p53/ARF pathway, changes in expression, and activity of BCL2 proteins or alterations in death receptor signaling have been linked to apoptosis. (ashpublications.org)
BH3 mimetics with high affinity for BCL-XL (BCL-XLi) reduce metabolic activity and induce mitochondrial apoptosis in senescent PA cells at nano-molar concentrations. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

The B-cell lymphoma/leukemia oncogene bcl-2 takes part in crucial regulatory events in B-cell maturation and differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)
1 , 3 In Burkitt lymphoma (BL), a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, overexpression of MYC is invariably connected to chromosomal translocations of the MYC proto-oncogene to immunoglobulin loci. (ashpublications.org)
There is a low background incidence of BL worldwide (sBL), which is rarely associated with EBV and accounts for 1-2% of adult lymphoma in Western Europe and America, but eBL is associated with (EBV) in over 95% of cases and is predominant in the equatorial belt of Africa and other parts of the world where malaria is hyperendemic. (bmj.com)
1 BL tumour cells usually express IgM, 13 - 15 B-cell markers such as CD19, CD20 and CD22 and markers of germinal centre (GC) centroblasts such as CD10, BCL6 4 and the human germinal centre-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein. (bmj.com)

However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the activation of this proto-oncogene in tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
We have isolated and characterized in vitro cultures and adoptive transfers of tumors from Bcl-xl/Myc transgenic mice. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Spectral karyotyping analysis of metaphase chromosomes from primary tumor cell cultures shows that the Bcl-xl/Myc tumors contain a variety of chromosomal abnormalities, including trisomies, translocations, and deletions. (gsea-msigdb.org)
These data suggest the Bcl-xl/Myc tumors are similar to a subset of plasmablastic human myelomas and provide insight into the specific genes and pathways underlying the human disease. (gsea-msigdb.org)

RNA interference technique (siRNA) was used to determine SNRPB protein expression down-regulation. (bvsalud.org)
siRNA-SNRPB had significantly inhibited the expression of SNRPB mRNA and protein in liver cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)

The phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase-protein kinase B (FAK-Akt) was upregulated in AML cells treated with netrin-1. (bvsalud.org)
Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. (lookformedical.com)
for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. (lookformedical.com)
A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. (lookformedical.com)
This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
This kinase, as well as CDK4, has been shown to phosphorylate, and thus regulate the activity of, tumor suppressor protein Rb. (cancerindex.org)
DUSP6/MKP3 is a dual-specific phosphatase that regulates extracellular regulated kinase ERK1/2 and ERK5 activity, with an increasingly recognized role as tumor suppressor. (cancer-genetics.org)
Background Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common pediatric brain tumor and a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-driven disease. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
These core targets were epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 (MAPK1), proto-oncogene c (JUN), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). (platcovid.com)
cyclin dependent kinase 2 interactin. (gsea-msigdb.org)
polo like kinase 2 [Source:HGNC Symb. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Most benefits were demonstrated in cyclin dependent-kinase 12 ( CDK12) mutated cell lines when treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) therapy. (bjbms.org)

and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of cyclinD1, CDK2, Bcl2, β-catenin and phosphorylation of the key proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)

Expression of the bcl-2 oncogene product and chromosomal translocation t(14;18) in Hodgkin's disease. (ox.ac.uk)
The reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(14;18), leading to overexpression of this oncogene, can be found in the majority of follicular lymphomas and much less frequently in B-cell leukemias and diffuse lymphomas. (ox.ac.uk)

The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
Using a CRISPR Cas9-guided immunoprecipitation assay, we identify a circular RNA in the FLI1 promoter chromatin complex, consisting of FLI1 exons 4-2-3, referred to as FECR1.Overexpression of FECR1 enhances invasiveness of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Overexpression of HER-2/neu has been associated with advanced stage, deep myometrial invasion, and poor survival in endometrial cancers in several studies. (medmuv.com)
Gene amplification did not underlie all cases of HER-2/neu overexpression, although both gene amplification and overexpression were each associated with poor outcomes. (medmuv.com)
The overexpression of a membrane protein designated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a typical phenotypic marker of pleiotropic drug resistance. (ashpublications.org)

and third, investigation of microsatellite alterations at four loci using a fluorescent microsatelllite polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay coupled with an automated DNA sequencer. (edu.au)
The hallmark of all BL tumours is the translocation between the MYC gene and one of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy or light chain loci. (bmj.com)

As assessed by representational difference analyses and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, low-protein diet modulated gene expression in embryonic day 13 metanephroi. (ox.ac.uk)
We used the same quantitative method to determine the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and c-erbB-2 (HER2/neu) proteins and found that neither predicted patient outcome. (edu.au)
Immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western blot (WB) were employed to investigate Ngb and Hif-1α expression in the telencephalon of yak and cattle. (bvsalud.org)

With the abundance of G-quadruplexes in vivo, these structures hold a biologically relevant role through interactions with the promoter regions of oncogenes and the telomeric regions of DNA strands. (wikipedia.org)

MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcripti. (gsea-msigdb.org)

The unimolecular forms often occur naturally near the ends of the chromosomes, better known as the telomeric regions, and in transcriptional regulatory regions of multiple genes, both in microbes and across vertebrates including oncogenes in humans. (wikipedia.org)

1 MYC is a basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper transcription factor that dimerizes with the related protein MAX. (ashpublications.org)
The encoded protein can activate transcription through pyrimidine-rich initiator (Inr) elements and E-box motifs. (cancerindex.org)
These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)
This gene encodes a transcription factor belonging to a family of proteins that share homology with the high mobility group protein-1. (cancer-genetics.org)
The existence of G-quadruplex DNA is also heavily implied in the promoter region of genes and oncogenes, and is thus assumed to play an important regulatory role in their transcription [ 26 ]. (hindawi.com)

This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a and 11 of its bioinformatically selected target genes and proteins to test their potential dysregulation in RCC. (hindawi.com)
The expressions of key genes and proteins of PI3K/Akt/Beclin1 signaling pathway in brain tissue were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. (bvsalud.org)

In rats, protein restriction in pregnancy produces offspring with fewer renal glomeruli and higher systemic blood pressures than controls. (ox.ac.uk)
Objective: To investigate the effects of Zhongfeng capsule on the autophagy-related proteins expression in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/ RI), and to explore its neural protection mechanisms of the decoction. (bvsalud.org)
Results: Compared with the sham operation group, the body weight and protein expressions of p-PI3k and p-Akt in brain tissue of rats were decreased significantly in the model group, while the brain index, neurological deficit score, gene and protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3 were increased markedly in the model group(P４0.05 or P４0.01). (bvsalud.org)

2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)

protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ depen. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Specific molecular therapy can target mutated cell lines in which DNA defect repair is altered, caused by mutations of BRCA2, partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) or the transmembrane protease serine 2-ERG (TMPRSS2-ERG) fusion. (bjbms.org)

For instance, the biogenesis of circRNA GGNBP2 (cGGNBP2) was mediated by IL-6/STAT3 pathway activation, and IL-6/cGGNBP2-184aa (a protein encoded by cGGNBP2)/STAT3 formed a positive feedback loop to promote tumor progression for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
Next, we showed that the resulting hybrids can differentiate and acquire a proto-neural electrophysiology profile when the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is activated in the adult stem cells prior fusion. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Transmembrane region of proteins is likely to have a stretch of hydrophobic amino acids. (medicosplexus.com)

The metastatic cascade is a complex, multistep process driven by progressive accumulation of genetic alterations which result in proto-oncogene activation and inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. (edu.au)
Metabolic changes in genetic disorder which renders fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase in liver less sensitive to regulation by fructose 2,6 bisphosphate are level of fructose 1,6 bisphosphate lower than normal, less pyruvate is formed and less ATP generation. (medicosplexus.com)
In an important model of premature aging, Werner's Syndrome, the genetic problem seems to be lack of a helicase protein that can unwind G-quadruplexes. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)

Current research consists of identifying the biological function of these G-Quadruplex structures for specific oncogenes and discovering effective therapeutic treatments for cancer based on interactions with G-quadruplexes. (wikipedia.org)

We have studied the expression of this protein in different subtypes of Hodgkin's disease using monoclonal antibodies directed against a formalin-resistant epitope of the bcl-2 protein and also have investigated these cases by polymerase chain reaction for evidence of the t(14;18) translocation. (ox.ac.uk)

mRNA and protein expressions of Ngb and HIF-1α showed positive in different tissues of the yak and cattle telencephalon. (bvsalud.org)
The expression of SNRPB mRNA and protein in liver cancer cell lines were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. (bvsalud.org)

The protein encoded by this gene can bind to a functionally important site in the T-cell receptor-alpha enhancer, thereby conferring maximal enhancer activity. (cancer-genetics.org)
It might inhibit the cytokine storm by affecting C-reactive protein (CRP), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), interleukin- 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), and other proteins. (platcovid.com)
When multivariate analysis was used to determine if HER-2/neu was an independent prognostic factor in endometrial cancers taking into account other molecular features such as DNA ploidy, epidermal growth factor receptor, or p53 status, HER-2/neu status failed to achieve significance. (medmuv.com)
Besides estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, novel biomarkers have shown their prognostic and predictive values, complicating our understanding towards to the heterogeneity of such cancers. (jcancer.org)

This natural 8-ring 24-membered macroheterocycle (Figure 2 ) displays high affinity for quadruplex and most importantly has no affinity for duplex DNA ( vide infra ). (hindawi.com)

EXPERIMENTAL Methods Protein Creation Enzymatic Assay Size Exclusion Serial Dilution and Site-directed Mutagenesis Recombinant protein manifestation and purification the streamlined glutaminase activity assay as well as the size exclusion evaluation of serial dilutions had been performed as previously released (5). (colinsbraincancer.com)

We were particularly interested to determine whether nodular paragranuloma (lymphocyte-predominant, nodular), which differs from other subtypes of Hodgkin's disease by virtue of the B-cell nature of its malignant cell population, is characterized by expression of the bcl-2 protein. (ox.ac.uk)
Our data indicate that only a small number of nodular paragranulomas express the bcl-2 protein and that the expression is not specific for this type of Hodgkin's disease. (ox.ac.uk)
In a smaller number of cases this expression of bcl-2 could be explained by the presence of the translocation t(14;18). (ox.ac.uk)
The advanced pathological grade was associated with strong TGFB1, VEGFA, and Ki67 protein expression and absent Tp53 staining. (hindawi.com)
AS exposure inhibited Twist and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein and/or mRNA expression in Twist-overexpressing OECM-1 and FaDu-Twist cells. (bvsalud.org)
2 Complex regulatory networks control MYC activity leading to up-regulation of its expression in response to mitogens or suppression upon growth inhibitory signals. (ashpublications.org)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Protein expression and function of organic anion transporters in short-term and long-term cultures of Huh7 human hepatoma cells. (cancerindex.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an endogenous group of small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally repress the expression of protein-coding genes. (biomedcentral.com)
We determined expression of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 members in these models and primary PA. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
We have previously shown that the targeted expression of the transgenes c-Myc and Bcl-X(L) in murine plasma cells produces malignancy that displays features of human myeloma, such as localization of tumor cells to the bone marrow and lytic bone lesions. (gsea-msigdb.org)
We now know those structures are very relevant to many critical biological processes like gene regulation, expression of telomerase and telomere maintenance, understanding of growth/oncogenes like C-myc, understanding of organismic development, comprehension of certain enigmatic diseases like ALS and possible new cancer treatments. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
Objective: To study the expression and effect of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated protein B (SNRPB) on proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer tissues and cells. (bvsalud.org)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the CMGC family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (cancerindex.org)

We are studying the effects and consequences of protein fusion on the transcriptional and transforming activities of these proteins using in vitro and animal models. (stanford.edu)

Among the ETS family members, Friend leukemia virus integration 1 ( FLI1 ) was first identified as a proto-oncogene activated by proviral integration in F-MuLV-induced erythroleukemias [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast, BH3 mimetics without BCL-XLi activity, conventional chemotherapy, and MEK inhibitors show no effect. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

[ 2 ] No sex preponderance is seen for follicular lymphomas, but the incidence increases with age and varies across racial groups. (medscape.com)

Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)

C-type lectin domain family 2 member. (gsea-msigdb.org)

A small Ca++ binding protein that modifies activity of many enzymes and other proteins in response to changes of Ca++ concentration is known as Calmodulin. (medicosplexus.com)
24 25 This is a process catalysed by B-cell specific V(D)J recombinase activating enzymes RAG-1/2 which are expressed in both pre-B cells and GC B cells. (bmj.com)

Importantly, circRNAs usually bind miRNAs to modulate the levels of downstream proteins, acting as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and participating in tumor progression [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Increased cytosol Ca(2+) and type 1 programmed cell death in Bcl-2-positive U937 but not in Bcl-2-negative PC-3 and Panc-1 cells induced by the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor MK 886. (rush.edu)
Moreover we observe that the addition of the GLS1 inhibitor BPTES hampers protein polymerization by stabilizing inactive tetramers. (colinsbraincancer.com)

p21 and other tumor suppressor genes' inactivation are therefore most likely involved in the first steps of the cancer model, with later stages possibly involving protooncogene activation and inflammation. (medscape.com)
Conversely GAC.R322A also at the gating loop abrogated protein activation and impeded superstructure formation. (colinsbraincancer.com)

1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)

The structural and functional integrity of this overhang is based on its association with a constellation of specific proteins, some of them belonging to the shelterin complex [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is a highly heterogeneous disease, encompassing a number of biologically distinct entities with specific pathologic features and biological behaviors [ 1 , 2 ]. (jcancer.org)

[ 2 ] Literature since the rituximab era has shown a further increase in overall survival. (medscape.com)
Results Senescent PA cells upregulate BCL-XL upon senescence induction and show dependency on BCL-XL for survival. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Conclusions Our data demonstrate that BCL-XL is critical for survival of senescent PA tumor cells and provides proof-of-principle for the use of clinically available BCL-XL-dependent senolytics. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Anatomy12

Organisms12

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs106

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Apoptosis5

Lymphoma4

Tumors4

SiRNA2

Kinase12

Bcl22

Chromosomal2

Overexpression5

Loci2

Quantitative3

Promoter regions1

BHLH1

Humans1

Transcription6

Genes and proteins2

Rats3

Gene Expression1

Phosphatase2

Pathway2

Transmembrane1

Genetic3

Therapeutic1

Reaction1

MRNA and protein2

Receptor4

High affinity1

Assay1

Expression13

Serine1

Vitro1

Leukemia1

Inhibitors1

Follicular lymphomas1

Cellular1

Family1

Enzymes2

MiRNAs1

Inhibitor2

Activation2

Regulate1

Specific2

Survival3