Hydride Transfer Mechanism of Polyamine Oxidation Radical Mechanism of Polyamine Oxidation Nucleophilic Mechanism of Polyamine Oxidation PAOs are central to polyamine catabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Polyamine catabolism is often upregulated in mammalian tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
In plants, polyamine catabolism is tied closely to stress responses and fruit ripening. (wikipedia.org)
Abstract Polyamines play an important regulatory role during plant growth and development and adversity stress, and polyamine oxidase (PAO) is involved in polyamine catabolism. (techscience.com)
The characterized isoenzymes have distinctive biochemical characteristics and substrate specificities, suggesting the existence of additional levels of complexity in polyamine catabolism. (innatedb.com)
We conclude that the activation of polyamine catabolism alters the cellular location of mTOR, thus negatively affecting mTOR-mediated protein synthesis and leading to the death of glioblastoma cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
We can assume that biogenic amine and polyamine catabolism by amine oxidases is upregulated by oxidative and carbonyl stress factors directly under rhabdomyolysis progression, and the increase in catabolic products concentration contributes to tissue damage in glycerol-induced acute renal failure and apoptosis stimulation in thymus. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Diamine oxidase15
b) enzyme work involving the synthesis and testing of diamines and polyamines as substrates and inhibitors of pea seedling diamine oxidase, and experiments involving the feeding of N-alklycadaverines to transformed root cultures of Nicotiana rustica and Datura stramonium. (gla.ac.uk)
The Synthesis and Testing of Diamines and Polyamines as Substrates and Inhibitors of Diamine Oxidase. (gla.ac.uk)
Diamine oxidase catalyses the oxidative deamination of diamines to their corresponding aminoaldehydes. (gla.ac.uk)
Cadaverine and putrescine have been shown to be the best substrates of diamine oxidase. (gla.ac.uk)
A series of N-alkylcadaverines were synthesised by a new, improved route and were tested as substrates of diamine oxidase. (gla.ac.uk)
From this assay KM and Vmax values were obtained for the oxidation of these substrates using diamine oxidase. (gla.ac.uk)
Several of these compounds were also tested as inhibitors of diamine oxidase, and Ki values obtained The Ki is the dissociation constant of the enzyme-inhibitor complex. (gla.ac.uk)
Most of the compounds did inhibit the diamine oxidase catalysed reaction. (gla.ac.uk)
A series of N-ethylpolyamines were also synthesised and tested as inhibitiors and substrates of diamine oxidase using the same assay as before. (gla.ac.uk)
Human kidney diamine oxidase: heterologous expression, purification, and characterization. (rhea-db.org)
Human kidney diamine oxidase has been overexpressed as a secreted enzyme under the control of a metallothionein promoter in Drosophila S2 cell culture. (rhea-db.org)
This effect was eliminated by treatment of seedlings with a diamine oxidase inhibitor aminoguanidine and an NADPH oxidase inhibitor imidazole. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
The conclusion was made about the role of hydrogen peroxide and the possible participation of diamine oxidase and NADPH oxidase in its formation during the implementation of the stress-protective effect of putrescine on wheat seedlings. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
In this study we have tested an idea on the important role of amine oxidases (semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, diamine oxidase, polyamine oxidase) as an additional source of oxidative/carbonyl stress under glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis, since the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species and reactive carbonyl species in a variety of tissues is linked to various diseases. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
We have found in vivo the multiple rises in activity of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, diamine oxidase, polyamine oxidase (2-4.5 times) in the corresponding cell fractions, whole cells or their lysates at the 3-6th day after glycerol injection. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Oxidation5
Molecules downstream of polyamine oxidation play roles in cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
Overall, the results are consistent with the role of Asn195 and Asp94 being to properly position the polyamine substrate for oxidation. (cornell.edu)
Our studies suggest that while the abrogation of polyamine back conversion or inhibition of polyamine oxidation attenuate the early injury, they may delay the onset of hepatic regeneration. (johnshopkins.edu)
Inhibition of polyamine by DFMO in animal experiments reduced tumor growth and decreased the amount of metastasis, resulting in prolonged survival of the animals.ix With the introduction of the present "Intume Oxidant," polyamine synthesis will be halted by ClO2 oxidation of existing PA, along with oxidation of PA precursor molecules, arginine and ornithine. (justia.com)
However, these effects required relatively high concentrations of polyamines compared to those found in plasma and in intact cells (14), and appear to be due to aldehyde metabolites resulting from polyamine oxidation by the amine oxidase present in calf serum (15-17). (herts.ac.uk)
PAOs1
Here, we report the involvement of polyamine oxidases (PAOs) in ethylene-induced H2O2 production in guard cells. (chinaagrisci.com)
Intracellular polyamine levels are under the control of several catabolic enzymes, such as spermidine/spermine-N-acetyl transferase (SSAT). (spandidos-publications.com)
Acetylated spermine (NASPN) is oxidised by the flavoenzyme polyamine oxidase (PAOX, woth FAD as cofactor) to produce spermidine (SPM). (reactome.org)
In our experiments we used the sensitive fluorescent method devised for estimation of amine oxidases activity in the rat kidney and thymus as targeted organs under rhabdomyolysis. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Additional treatment of animals with metal chelator 'Unithiol' adjusted only the activity of antioxidant enzymes but not amine oxidases in both organs. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Hydrogen peroxide2
The generalized PAO reaction converts three substrates (water, oxygen, and a polyamine with both primary and secondary amino groups) into three products (hydrogen peroxide, an amino-aldehyde, and a primary amine). (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore the in vitro experiment showed that Fenton reaction (hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron) products alone had no effect on semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in rat liver cell fraction whereas supplementation with methylglyoxal resulted in its significant 2.5-fold enhancement. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Mammalian2
The same reaction is catalyzed by the mammalian polyamine and spermine oxidases. (cornell.edu)
This represents the first heterologous overexpression and purification of a catalytically active, recombinant mammalian copper-containing amine oxidase. (rhea-db.org)
NADPH1
Early studies on the sources of H2O2 mainly focused on NADPH oxidases and cell-wall peroxidases. (chinaagrisci.com)
Metabolism2
Therefore, targeting SAT1-induced polyamine metabolism may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for PDAC. (biomed.news)
Interest in targeting polyamine metabolism as a potential strategy for cancer chemotherapy was stimulated in the early 1970s. (justia.com)
Substrates1
Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoenzymes have been identified for this gene, some of which have failed to demonstrate significant oxidase activity on natural polyamine substrates. (innatedb.com)
Exogenous Polyamines1
Recently, exogenous polyamines have been shown to inhibit NO production in LPS-activated J774 cells (12) and by isolated neuronal NO synthase (13). (herts.ac.uk)
Intracellular2
PAOX is involved in the back-conversion of polyamines and thus the regulation of their intracellular concentrations (Vujcic et al. (reactome.org)
Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation. (biomed.news)
Characterization1
Mechanistic and structural analyses of the roles of active site residues in yeast polyamine oxidase Fms1: characterization of the N195A and D94N enzymes. (cornell.edu)
Oxidative1
N 1 , N 11 -Diethylnorspermine (DENSPM) is a spermine analog and prototype anti-cancer drug that depletes cellular polyamine, increases cellular oxidative stress through the generation of H 2 O 2 and induces the death of multiple types of cancer cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
Inhibitor2
Senescence-associated β-gal activity was increased in aged cells, and the increase was suppressed by MDL72527, an inhibitor of acetylpolyamine oxidase (AcPAO) and SMOX, both of which are enzymes that catalyze polyamine degradation. (biomed.news)
Our results demonstrate that cellular senescence can be controlled by inhibiting spermine degradation using a polyamine-catabolizing enzyme inhibitor. (biomed.news)
Synthesis3
Polyamines (PA) are organic cations found in all organisms, and their synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm of all cells. (justia.com)
ix Capacity of cancer tissue to produce abundant PA likely contributes to cancer cell's higher growth rates.ix ,x High concentrations of PA enhance cancer cells to invade, and is associated with less apoptosis and increased expression of the genes affecting metastasis.ix ,xi The association of increased polyamine synthesis and cancer was first reported in the late 1960s. (justia.com)
While the increase in polyamine synthesis would have important implications for cell growth and proliferation, it is not clear how this might affect iNOS pathway. (herts.ac.uk)
Inhibition2
The inhibition of polyamine oxidases protected the animals against CCl 4 -induced liver injury. (johnshopkins.edu)
Inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis impairs the phagocytic capacity of macrophages (10) and can block macrophage activation by tumour necrosis factor (11). (herts.ac.uk)
Biosynthesis3
Currently, how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes, including ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) and its antizyme 1 (OAZ1), are activated to co-ordinate viral propagation and polyamine biosynthesis remains unknown. (biomed.news)
Thus, OAZ1 and ODC1 are activated to synergistically promote viral persistent propagation and polyamine biosynthesis in viruliferous vectors. (biomed.news)
7). This enzyme, like the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), is induced by proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), resulting in enhanced enzyme activity and increased polyamine biosynthesis (8,9). (herts.ac.uk)
Amino2
A polyamine oxidase (PAO) is an enzymatic flavoprotein that oxidizes a carbon-nitrogen bond in a secondary amino group of a polyamine donor, using molecular oxygen as an acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
The active site of Fms1 contains three amino acid residues positioned to interact with the polyamine substrate, His67, Asn195, and Asp94. (cornell.edu)
Endogenous1
xi From the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s the endogenous polyamine inhibiting compound, difuoromethylornithine (DFMO), was actively evaluated as an anticancer drug. (justia.com)
Metabolites1
Polyamines are multifunctional stress metabolites of plants. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Supplementation1
We tested the polyamine levels in PDAC cells by LC-MS after overexpressed or knocked down SAT1, and explored the role of polyamines in ferroptosis using exogenous supplementation. (biomed.news)
Gene1
In this study, an up-regulated polyamine oxidase gene GmPAO1 was obtained by transcriptome sequencing analysis and screening at soybean seedling stages. (techscience.com)
Activity2
Since N-ethylpolyamines can interfere with polyamine metabolisism and may have useful biological activity, selected compounds were tested by other workers for biological activity against cancer and fungi. (gla.ac.uk)
Combined action of the both agents had additive effect on semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Compounds1
Among them, polyamines (PAs) are well-studied natural compounds that can elicit numerous positive responses in drought-stressed plants. (frontiersin.org)
Cell1
Polyamines are physiological cellular constituents essential for cell growth and differentiation, and regulate a multitude of cellular functions (1-4). (herts.ac.uk)
Age-related reductions in polyamine levels have been shown to be associated with reduced cognitive and physical functions. (biomed.news)
Cells1
Cancer cells are rich in polyamines which is necessary for survival and growth of tumors. (justia.com)
Important1
Removing all polyamines is a main objective, but at the same time neutralizing other systems that aid the neoplasm also appears to be important. (justia.com)