Poliovirus receptors virus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Poliovirus receptor-related 1 (PVRL1), also known as nectin-1 and CD111 (formerly herpesvirus entry mediator C, HVEC) is a human protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), also considered a member of the nectins. (wikipedia.org)
The protein has been revealed as one of the key players in mediating cellular entry of the Herpes simplex virus by interacting with the viral glycoprotein D (gD). (wikipedia.org)
On episode #210 of the science show This Week in Virology, the complete TWiV team reviews identification of the cell receptor for hepatitis B and D viruses, and the cell enzyme that cleaves the genome-linked protein from picornaviral RNA. (virology.ws)
Enveloped viruses have, in their lipid bilayer, an impermeable barrier between their genomes and the outside environment, reducing the need for continuity of any protein layer. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The shell of a nonenveloped virus with even a very small genome must therefore contain a large number of identical protein subunits-at least 60, if the coat-protein gene is to use up less than 25% of the coding capacity in the enclosed nucleic acid. (basicmedicalkey.com)
In the case of many viruses, resistance is related to the presence on the cell surface of protein receptors that bind to the virus , allowing it to gain entry into the cell and thus cause infection. (britannica.com)
Monoclonal antibody identification of a 100-kDa membrane protein in HeLa cells and human spinal cord involved in poliovirus attachment. (ncsu.edu)
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) nonstructural protein 3A plays important roles in virus replication, virulence, and host range. (asm.org)
A molecular model of the FMDV 3A protein, derived from the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the poliovirus 3A protein, predicted a hydrophobic interface spanning residues 25 to 44 as the main determinant for 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
Poliovirus is a small and simple virus composed of a shell, or capsid, made of protein. (microbeonline.com)
The infectious nucleic acid of poliovirus can bypass the host range specificity provided by the viral protein-cell receptor interaction. (microbeonline.com)
But in order to invade and infect humans, viruses have to get past a fierce defender, the immune system, which possesses the ability to detect foreign invaders and interpret the telltale "protein signature" on the surface of cells to differentiate and destroy disordered cells. (adventistreview.org)
Past studies involved solving the structures of the envelope protein domain III of several flaviviruses including West Nile , Yellow fever , Omsk Hemorhaggic Fever and Dengue fever viruses, the S100P protein, glucocorticoid receptor protein , and the VPg protein of poliovirus . (citizendium.org)
Does prefusion F protein-based respiratory syncytial virus immunization in pregnancy safely promote transplacental transfer of neutralizing antibodies? (nature.com)
They found that the gene that codes for a protein called poliovirus receptor-like 4 (PVRL4) allows attachment-free cell growth and also makes cells cluster together once detached from the matrix. (elifesciences.org)
The virion , which is the infective virus particle, consists of nucleic acid (which carries the genome) surrounded by layers of protein that create a protective membrane called a capsid. (mometrix.com)
Commonly composed of either DNA or RNA cores with protein coverings, and having no inherent reproductive ability, viruses depend upon the host for replication. (medcraveonline.com)
Encephalitis is inflammation of the parenchyma of the brain, resulting from direct viral invasion or occurring as a postinfectious immunologic complication caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to a virus or another foreign protein. (msdmanuals.com)

Viruses or derivatives produced in the laboratory that have capsid sequences from wild polioviruses, unless demonstrably proven to be safer than Sabin strains. (cdc.gov)
He thanked the regional and global specialized laboratories for their efforts to provide timely results of the genomic sequencing of wild polioviruses, and for their help in planning and monitoring polio eradication activities in the Region. (who.int)
In 2015, with the Global Action Plan III (GAP III) the WHO defined a strategy to minimize poliovirus facility-associated risk after type-specific eradication of wild polioviruses (WPV) and sequential cessation of routine OPV (oral polio vaccine) use. (biosafety.be)

OPV/Sabin infected animals including, but not limited to, non-human primates and transgenic mice expressing the human PV receptor (CD155). (cdc.gov)
To test the virus' ability to destroy neuroblastoma the researchers constructed a transgenic mouse model that allows growth of neuroblastoma cells and carries the human gene for CD155, which codes for the receptor that allows poliovirus to enter cells. (eurekalert.org)
CD112R was initially named PVRIG for the homology observed between its second exon and the variable immunoglobulin domain of the polio virus receptor (PVR/CD155) and polio virus receptor-like (PVRL) genes. (biolegend.com)
Human CD155 (Polio Virus Receptor, PVR, Necl-5) is a 70kd type I Ig superfamily molecule. (adipogen.com)
High CD155 expression has recently been exploited to use engineered poliovirus to treat glioblastoma. (adipogen.com)

The V domain of herpesvirus Ig-like receptor (HIgR) contains a major functional region in herpes simplex virus-1 entry into cells and interacts physically with the viral glycoprotein D". Proc. (wikipedia.org)
Clinically relevant involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) by viruses is an uncommon event, considering the overwhelming number of individuals affected by the different human viral infections. (medscape.com)
In addition to acute viral encephalitis, other less established and more unusual manifestations of viral infections include progressive neurologic disorders, such as postinfectious encephalomyelitis (such as may occur after measles or Nipah virus encephalitis) and conditions such as postpoliomyelitis syndrome, which has been considered by some to be as a persistent manifestation of poliovirus infection. (medscape.com)
An unusual CNS involvement leading to microcephaly due to infection of pregnant women by Zika virus has also been recently reported and highlights the constant need to look for new types of neurological manifestations of viral infections in humans. (medscape.com)
When present together, these two determinants affect the early steps of the virus cycle including cell binding and the receptor-mediated conformational changes believed to be necessary for viral penetration and uncoating. (pasteur.fr)
The Stony Brook researchers took advantage of this viral property by injecting a stable, attenuated strain of poliovirus directly into neuroblastoma tumors transplanted into 12 mice engineered to contract polio. (eurekalert.org)
According to the researchers, any viral particles that make it to the bloodstream would be destroyed by antibodies created through poliovirus vaccination. (eurekalert.org)
A tamed poliovirus represents a significant step in finding viral treatments that can kill tumors without harming patients," said Hidemi Toyoda, M.D., Ph.D., a pediatrician and postdoctoral research fellow in Stony Brook's Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. (eurekalert.org)
Based on the properties of the synthetic poliovirus, Wimmer created the highly attenuated virus used in this study by substituting a single nucleotide, located in a functionally important portion of the viral RNA genome called a "spacer region", with an essential regulatory gene removed from elsewhere in the viral genome. (eurekalert.org)
This illustration provides a 3-dimensional (3D) graphical representation of a tightly packed, icosahedral, poliovirus particle that consists of 60-copies each of capsid polypeptides, designated as pink VP1 (viral protein1), green VP2, purple VP3, and though not shown here, VP4. (cdc.gov)
Plaque-inhibition assays confirmed the viral specificity of the antibodies, and when one antibody, AF3, was used as a probe in immunoblots of cell membrane preparations, it detected a 100-kDa band in only those cell lines and tissues permissive for poliovirus infection. (ncsu.edu)
Genome switch from a virus right into a cell is a vital early step in viral replication. (pronovusbio.com)
Enveloped viruses obtain the supply of their genomes into the cytoplasm by merging the viral membrane with the mobile membrane through a conceptually easy mechanism referred to as membrane fusion. (pronovusbio.com)
In distinction, genome translocation mechanisms in nonenveloped viruses, which lack viral membranes, stay poorly understood. (pronovusbio.com)
This examine gives new insights into poliovirus genome translocation and presents a cell-free assay that may be utilized broadly to research genome launch processes in different nonenveloped viruses.IMPORTANCE The preliminary switch of genomic materials from a virus into a bunch cell is a key step in any viral an infection. (pronovusbio.com)
Though typical biochemical and mobile assays have offered helpful details about cell entry, the mechanism used to ship the viral genomes throughout the mobile membrane into the cytoplasm is just not properly characterised for nonenveloped viruses corresponding to poliovirus. (pronovusbio.com)
More specifically, Dr. Wimmer published the first de novo, cell-free synthesis of a virus (poliovirus), which greatly stimulated molecular studies of viral replication. (stonybrook.edu)
Viral infection is the invasion of the body by a small agent known as a virus. (nature.com)
Lithium Lithium (Li) exhibits anti-viral effect against coronavirus bronchitis computer virus [73]. (remithibert.net)
This review highlights the structural and functional characteristics of BoHV-1, BoHV-5 and where appropriate, Human herpesvirus gD, as well as its role in viral entry and interactions with host cell receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
DIVA vaccines include genetically engineered gene-deleted viruses, for example gE − virus, and subunit or vectored vaccines based on a viral envelope glycoprotein such as gD. (biomedcentral.com)
Up to 25% of instances of viral myocarditis are caused by enteroviruses (most frequently coxsackie B viruses). (ontariohomeopath.ca)
The term "killed" is applied to certain viral vaccines, thus implying an official conviction that viruses live. (medcraveonline.com)
The inactivated vaccines consist of purified viral particle without or with only minor contaminants of NSP and thus induce antibody mainly against structural proteins of virus. (ncl.edu.tw)

Respiratory and enteric virus stocks handled under conditions where OPV/Sabin strain contamination or replication is possible. (cdc.gov)
The genome of the geminivirus tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) consists of two circular DNA molecules designated as components A and B. The A component contains the only virally-encoded function required for autonomous replication in infected plant cells. (ncsu.edu)
Furthermore, AF3 reacted with human peripheral mononuclear cells, consistent with the known replication of poliovirus in Peyer's patches and tonsils. (ncsu.edu)
These replacements also led to production of infective viruses that replaced the acidic residues introduced (E) by nonpolar amino acids, indicating that preservation of the hydrophobic interface is essential for virus replication. (asm.org)
in poliovirus (PV), the interaction between the RNA replication complex and intracellular membranes appears to be accomplished by proteins 3A and 2C, which have membrane-binding properties ( 11 , 60 ). (asm.org)
Once inside, the virus usurps the control center and directs everything toward its own viability through replication. (adventistreview.org)
The fourth stage is replication , also known as biosynthesis, and this process varies depending on whether it's a DNA or RNA virus, as well as the type of RNA virus. (mometrix.com)
With most DNA viruses, replication takes place in the host's nucleus, but with most RNA viruses, replication takes place in the host cell's cytoplasm. (mometrix.com)
Rapid identification of inhibitors that interfere with poliovirus replication using a cell-based assay. (harvard.edu)

Provocative studies have found high antibody seroprevalence to viruses such as Ebola, Marburg, and Lyssa viruses in multiple African countries, indicating the presence of a high number of undiagnosed cases every year, including high neutralizing titers of antibodies to rabies virus in 11% of a small cohort of asymptomatic Peruvians living in the Amazon with prior exposure to bats. (medscape.com)
By injecting the virus directly into the mouse tumors, the researchers demonstrated that it was possible to reach their target and still avoid interacting with the anti-poliovirus antibodies generated by the vaccine. (eurekalert.org)
Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Welkin Johnson Welkin joins the TWiV team for a discussion of HIV prophlaxis using vectored antibodies, and the influenza H5N1 virus studies in ferrets that were not redacted. (virology.ws)
Preclinical validation of several classes of huMab cloned by the LIMR Center for Human Antibody Technology (CHAT) has been demonstrated using the OCMS platform, most recently antibodies that neutralize poliovirus or rabies virus or that bind the NMDA receptor in the brain and can be used to diagnose a potentially fatal encephalitis (brain inflammation). (mainlinehealth.org)
To study the poliovirus-cell interaction, eight monoclonal antibodies that specifically block the cytopathic effects of poliovirus were generated by using HeLa cell preparations as immunogen and a newly developed colorimetric screening assay. (ncsu.edu)
Glycoprotein D is essential for virus penetration into permissive cells and thus is a major target for virus neutralizing antibodies during infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Subunit, DNA and vectored vaccine candidates have been developed using this glycoprotein as the primary antigen, demonstrating that gD has the capacity to induce robust virus neutralizing antibodies and strong cell-mediated immune responses, as well as protection from clinical symptoms, in target species. (biomedcentral.com)
TWiV 1045: Less Lassa, CRISPR RNA viruses September 17, 2023 TWiV reviews a Lassa virus mRNA vaccine that confers protection against disease without inducing neutralizing antibodies, and a CRISPR-based method for engineering the genome of RNA viruses. (microbe.tv)

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit On episode #105 of the podcast This Week in Virology, Vincent, Dickson, Alan, and Rich review eradication of rinderpest, endogenous hepatitis B virus in the zebra finch genome, and identification of the cell receptor for an extinct retrovirus. (virology.ws)
For the structure of any virus particle, a central constraint is that the information needed to specify its macromolecular components must not exhaust the genetic capacity of the packaged genome. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Nearly Complete Genome Sequences of Type 2 Sabin-Like Polioviruses from Northern Nigerian Poliovirus Surveillance, 2016 to 2018. (cdc.gov)
single-particle fluorescence assay to characterize genome launch from a nonenveloped virus (poliovirus) in actual time utilizing a tethered receptor-decorated liposome system. (pronovusbio.com)
Our outcomes recommend that poliovirus genome launch is a fancy course of that consists of a number of rate-limiting steps. (pronovusbio.com)
On this examine, we developed a fluorescence imaging assay to visualise poliovirus genome launch utilizing an artificial vesicle system. (pronovusbio.com)
Our outcomes not solely present new mechanistic insights into poliovirus genome translocation but in addition provide a cell-free assay to bridge gaps in understanding of this course of in different nonenveloped viruses. (pronovusbio.com)
Dr. Wimmer's work over many years in the area of poliovirus genome research has been astounding and has opened doors to new and groundbreaking areas of microbiology research," says Jorge L. Benach, Ph.D., Distinguished University Professor, Chair of the Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, and Director, Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University. (stonybrook.edu)
He is internationally known for this work, which includes the elucidation of the chemical structure of the poliovirus genome in the late 1970s and subsequent discoveries based on the mechanisms of poliovirus pathogenesis and the human receptor for poliovirus. (stonybrook.edu)
Near-Complete Genome Sequence of Lötschberg Virus (Mononegavirales: Filoviridae) Identified in European Perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758). (unibe.ch)

Cells persistently infected with poliovirus strains whose capsid sequences are derived from OPV/Sabin strains. (cdc.gov)
Full-length RNA or cDNA that includes capsid sequences derived from wild poliovirus, unless viruses derived from them are demonstrably proven to be safer than Sabin strains. (cdc.gov)
However, aside from the triple mutant, only one mutant virus, bearing a Leu at position VP213 in the capsid interior and an Asn at position VP1290 on the capsid surface, was capable of establishing persistent infections in more than 30% of the cultures. (pasteur.fr)
The canyon, together with the pentamer apex, is used as the site for capsid binding to cellular receptors. (cdc.gov)
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsid. (uiuc.edu)
All-atom model of the poliovirus RNA and capsid by Jason Roberts (VIDRL, Australia). (uiuc.edu)
All-atom model of the polivirus capsid with 60 receptors bound to the capsid. (uiuc.edu)
Collapse of the Virus capsid when the RNA core is replaced by water. (uiuc.edu)
The poliovirus capsid is about 30 nanometers in diameter. (microbeonline.com)
Additionally, some common viruses are enveloped, which means that they have an additional protective lipid membrane around the capsid, and glycoprotein receptor spikes that project from the envelope and attach to host cells. (mometrix.com)

Just over hundred years ago, Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper identified a virus, later termed poliovirus, as the causative agent of poliomyelitis. (springer.com)
In 1909, Landsteiner and Popper reported the identification of a virus, subsequently called poliovirus (PV), as the causative agent of poliomyelitis [ 20 ]. (springer.com)
When my laboratory discovered the cell receptor for poliovirus in 1989, many new research directions were suddenly revealed - such as creating a mouse model for poliomyelitis. (virology.ws)
After certification of eradication of all types of WPV and oral poliomyelitis vaccination (OPV) cessation, facilities that will continue to handle poliovirus materials represent the most significant threat to maintaining global eradication. (biosafety.be)
According to the Robert Koch Foundation, Dr. Wimmer is "a pioneer in modern virology whose research on the poliovirus, the causative agent of infantile paralysis or poliomyelitis, is a milestone of infectiology. (stonybrook.edu)
Poliovirus is the etiologic agent of the paralytic disease known as poliomyelitis. (microbeonline.com)
Collecting at least two stool specimens 24 hours apart from suspected poliomyelitis patients is recommended to increase the probability of isolating poliovirus. (microbeonline.com)
An example from virus vaccine manufacture is the titration, prior to inactivation, of the infectivity of the pools of live poliovirus used to make inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine. (pharmacy180.com)
Poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis is an acute infection caused by a poliovirus (an enterovirus). (msdmanuals.com)

Nectin-1, also known as CD111, PRR1 and herpes virus entry mediator C (HVEC) has a secreted splice variant. (assaysolution.com)

Even as wild virus rates plunged there, an outbreak of vaccine-derived poliovirus caused about 350 paralytic cases. (latimes.com)
Despite these achievements, the continuing circulation of WPV1 and outbreaks of vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV) present significant obstacles to overcome, before total eradication can be reached. (biosafety.be)
A trigger for setting a definite date for global OPV2 withdrawal will be the absence of all persistent circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses type 2 (cVDPV2) for at least six months. (biosafety.be)

Structure and supramolecular organization of the canine distemper virus attachment glycoprotein. (unibe.ch)

TWiV 1047: Long COVID and avian flu in ferrets September 24, 2023 TWiV explains a study of postacute sequelae of COVID-19 at 2 years, and airborne transmission of human-isolated avian H3N8 influenza virus between ferrets. (microbe.tv)

After 2.5 months of persistent infection in human neuroblastoma cells by the type 3 poliovirus (PV3) wild-type Leon strain, a mutant (PVpi), L2-2, capable of establishing a persistent infection in nonneural HEp-2c cells was isolated. (pasteur.fr)
When the three mutations were introduced into the lytic Leon strain separately, in pairs or all together, all but one of the viruses was capable of establishing a persistent infection. (pasteur.fr)
Furthermore, AF3 detected the band in a human-mouse hybrid cell line containing human chromosome 19, which confers permissivity for poliovirus infection, but the antibody did not detect the band in a human chromosome 19-deficient subclone. (ncsu.edu)
In an immunohistochemical study of the human brainstem, AF3 stained neurons in the reticular formation and clusters of brainstem neurons, consistent with the known pattern of damage caused by poliovirus infection in the brainstem. (ncsu.edu)
People acquire poliovirus infection from other humans through contact with virus-containing feces or contaminated water. (microbeonline.com)
Virus isolation from stool specimens is the most sensitive method to diagnose poliovirus infection. (microbeonline.com)
The subsequent barrage of newly replicated viruses in the blood induces a greater immune reaction, and in the process of fighting, the body produces a wide variety of countermeasure chemicals, some of which produce the symptoms of infection. (adventistreview.org)
Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for measles virus. (creativebiomart.net)
The infection of the virus induces vesicular lesions in animals. (ncl.edu.tw)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infections Herpes simplex viruses (human herpesviruses types 1 and 2) commonly cause recurrent infection affecting the skin, mouth, lips, eyes, and genitals. (msdmanuals.com)

Polioviruses have three serotypes. (microbeonline.com)

The initial event in the replicative cycle of a virus is its interaction with receptors present on the surface of a cell. (medscape.com)
The Foundation classifies Dr. Wimmer's body of work as one that has "defined our understanding of the interaction between the virus and its host, and at the same time has yielded important new approaches for fighting the disease. (stonybrook.edu)
This interaction is very specific and determines which hosts, and cells (and organs) within the host, can be infected by a particular virus. (adventistreview.org)

Homology has led to their designation as poliovirus receptor-related (PRR) proteins, but nectins do not bind poliovirus. (assaysolution.com)
To gain access to the human cell's interior, viruses must first bind to a compatible receptor on the cell's surface that's normally used for some legitimate function. (adventistreview.org)
For example, influenza virions bind to receptors on epithelial cells in the respiratory tract, resulting in respiratory disease. (mometrix.com)
Virions bind to specific receptors on the plasma membranes of receptor cells and the specificity of these receptors varies. (mometrix.com)

Crystal structure of the RNA from satellite tobacco mosaic virus, with an artificial nucleic acid sequence. (uiuc.edu)
The nucleic acid of virions contains either RNA or DNA, depending on the type of virus. (mometrix.com)

The positive isolates with (enterovirus-like) CPE were tested by using pan-poliovirus and pan-EV RT-PCR ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
All poliovirus isolates characterized according to WHO algorithm were excluded from the analysis presented here. (cdc.gov)
Last year a mutation in the HA gene of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus was identified in isolates from patients with severe disease. (virology.ws)

Important prototypes of this family comprise human herpesviruses, such as Human herpesvirus (HHV)-1 and -2 (known as herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and -2), and animal herpesviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
Does not act as receptor for alpha-herpesvirus entry into cells. (creativebiomart.net)

Unique receptor sites for poliovirus are considered to be the primary determinant of the virus' cell and tissue-type specificity. (ncsu.edu)
Poliovirus has a narrow range of specificity. (microbeonline.com)

Virus stocks of, or permissive cells (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Human rhabdomyosarcoma and L20B (mouse fibroblast cells expressing the poliovirus receptor) cell lines used for virus isolation were observed for cytopathic effect (CPE). (cdc.gov)
By its nature, poliovirus destroys the cells it infects in an attempt to replicate copies of itself. (eurekalert.org)
AF3 also specifically inhibited radiolabeled poliovirus binding to cells. (ncsu.edu)
Consequently, understanding how viruses ship their genomes into cells may reveal engaging therapeutic targets. (pronovusbio.com)
For example, intact poliovirus can grow only in human or primate cells, but purified poliovirus RNA can also enter and replicate in nonprimate cells. (microbeonline.com)
The virus multiplies in the cells of the gastrointestinal tract and lymphatic tissue (tonsils/payers patches). (microbeonline.com)
In the CNS, Virus multiplies selectively in the neurons and destroys the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. (microbeonline.com)
Viruses can survive on the skin and on mucous membranes and exploit breeches or breaks in their integrity in order to gain entrance to bodily tissues and host cells. (adventistreview.org)
Some viruses don't enter host cells but instead inject their contents inside after attachment to the membrane. (adventistreview.org)
for example, the polio virus releases toxins that destroy nerve cells (often leading to paralysis), while HIV (AIDS virus) targets and destroys immune cells, decreasing the body's ability to defend itself. (adventistreview.org)
Viruses replicate inside host cells and can produce toxins that cause disease. (nature.com)
A virus is a simple microorganism in that it lacks most of the structures found in bacteria and other types of cells. (mometrix.com)
They must utilize the nucleic acids of living cells they infect to reproduce their proteins (i.e., trick the host into producing them), which are then assembled into new viruses like cars on an assembly line. (medcraveonline.com)

Several cell membrane proteins have been identified as herpes simplex virus (HSV) entry mediators (Hve). (nih.gov)
HveA (formerly HVEM) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, whereas the poliovirus receptor-related proteins 1 and 2 (PRR1 and PRR2, renamed HveC and HveB) belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily. (nih.gov)

Wild poliovirus type 2 (WPV2) and type 3 (WPV3) have been eradicated globally, in 2015 and 2019 respectively. (biosafety.be)

The award recognizes Professor Wimmer's lifetime achievements in infectious diseases, specifically his groundbreaking research on the poliovirus and as a pioneer in the new discipline of synthetic biology. (stonybrook.edu)
For decades Dr. Wimmer has had a tremendous impact on the advancement of infectious diseases research, from his unraveling of the poliovirus to his more recent work in the emerging field of synthetic biology," said Samuel L. Stanley Jr. M.D., President of Stony Brook University. (stonybrook.edu)
Dr. Wimmer's findings have been essential to the understanding of how polio and other viruses cause human disease and revolutionized the approach medicine is taking to create novel ways to address a myriad of infectious diseases. (stonybrook.edu)
Copper has the persuasive capacity to reduce SR 3576 the effect of infectious viruses such as bronchitis computer virus, poliovirus, and human being immunodeficiency computer virus type-1 (HIV-1). (remithibert.net)
In 1898 a Dutch botanist, Martinus Willem Beijerinck, repeating the experiment, also recognized that there was an invisible cause and named the infectious agent "tobacco mosaic virus. (medcraveonline.com)
He affirmed that these crystals could easily infect plants, and concluded that a virus was not a living organism, since it could be crystallized like salt and yet remain infectious. (medcraveonline.com)

Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective strategies to prevent and control the clinical signs and transmission of these viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
Archival wild-type poliovirus 1 infected central nervous system tissues of the pre-vaccination era in Switzerland reveal a distinct virus genotype. (unibe.ch)

100 years poliovirus: from discovery to eradication. (springer.com)
In 1988, the WHO started its eradication program to eliminate the virus from the planet. (springer.com)
Prospects for the eradication program were evaluated, with particular emphasis being placed on why certain countries still have not succeeding in interrupting wild-type transmission of poliovirus. (springer.com)
Discussion also centred on the role of inactivated poliovirus vaccines in the eradication program and the maintenance of a poliovirus-free world, whenever this goal should be achieved. (springer.com)
At the end of the symposium, Neal Nathanson also chaired an open discussion entitled "The Endgame of Poliovirus Eradication" with Chumakov, Kew and Tangermann on the panel. (springer.com)
There's a bitter irony hidden at the heart of the eradication campaign: The primary tool eradicators have used to combat the virus - the oral polio vaccine created by Albert Sabin in the late 1950s - is itself causing outbreaks of the disease. (latimes.com)
The updated guidance " WHO Global Action Plan for Poliovirus Containment, 4th edition, 2022 (GAP IV) ", which is the chief guidance for poliovirus containment to eliminate any incident in facilities that store and/or work with polioviruses post-eradication, was endorsed by the WHO in 2022. (biosafety.be)
The long-term goal of GAP III was to ensure that no accidental release of poliovirus type 2 occurs after type-specific eradication. (biosafety.be)

Antiviral properties have been displayed in-vitro by Pau d'Arco against herpes I and II, influenza, polio virus and vesicular stomatitis. (king-cart.com)

To celebrate 100 years of this seminal discovery, one of the first to show that a virus could cause a human disease, an international symposium was held on the 20 November 2009, in Vienna, Austria ( http://www.meduniwien.ac.at/100yearspolio ). (springer.com)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) binds to CD4 lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that is part of the body's immune system, causing immunodeficiency. (mometrix.com)
Exposure SR 3576 of human being coronavirus 229E to copper regulates its genes, its DNA and also computer virus morphology, including dissolution of envelope and thinning out of surface spikes [73]. (remithibert.net)
And with those samples, we were able to use next- generation DNA sequencing methodologies to identify the virus, which, again, turned out to be this very common human virus that had never been seen in chimps before. (cdc.gov)

Surprisingly, the researchers also discovered that the poliovirus treatment effectively protected the mice against new tumor growth, a significant factor when fighting a disease like neuroblastoma, which is known to reoccur following chemotherapy. (eurekalert.org)
Since most humans are immunized against poliovirus, Toyoda and his colleagues needed to know whether such immunization would interfere with the use of the virus in tumor therapy. (eurekalert.org)

Treatment involves antiviral drugs when indicated (eg, in herpes simplex virus encephalitis) and is otherwise supportive. (msdmanuals.com)

WHO will release bi-weekly on its Containment of Polioviruses webpages an updated sets of keypoints regarding the containment of the Poliovirus type 2 materials and a map illustrating the reported global progress on the completion of the phase I of GAPIII. (biosafety.be)

En 2018 Sylvain devra subir une deuxième greffe cardiaque après une attente de 4 ans. (cancersummit.ca)

Toyoda and his colleagues work in the laboratory of Stony Brook professor Eckard Wimmer, Ph.D., who in 2002 synthesized poliovirus from its basic chemical components. (eurekalert.org)

A gain of function screen for genes that enable proliferation independently of matrix anchorage identified a cell adhesion molecule PVRL4 (poliovirus-receptor-like 4), also known as Nectin-4. (elifesciences.org)

He also noted concern regarding delays in referring specimens to the laboratory for testing, and emphasized the need for improvement in timeliness of reporting and tracking of the viruses referred for genomic sequencing. (who.int)
GAP III describes a biorisk management system based on 16 elements derived from CWA 15793 (Laboratory Biorisk Management, 2011), addressing areas associated with the design, operation and management for essential facilities (Annexes 2 and 3 of GAP III) and non-essential poliovirus facilities (Annex 6 of GAP III). (biosafety.be)

A faculty member at Stony Brook since 1974 and Chair of the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology between 1984 and 1999, Dr. Wimmer has worked for decades predominantly on poliovirus. (stonybrook.edu)

The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor, a shared transmembrane receptor, coxsackie B viruses, and some adenoviruses show tropism towards cardiomyocytes. (ontariohomeopath.ca)

The virions attach to compatible receptor sites on a host cell's plasma membrane and release enzymes that weaken the membrane. (mometrix.com)

Rhinoviruses are very small viruses. (cdc.gov)

The most critical distinction, from a structural perspective, is between enveloped viruses-those with lipid-bilayer membranes-and nonenveloped viruses-those without such membranes. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Subsequently, bacteriologists all over the world began filtering for viruses, and a new area of biology was born-virology. (medcraveonline.com)

CD112R is a cell surface receptor for CD112/Nectin-2 and may act as a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T-cell receptor-mediated signals. (biolegend.com)
Cell surface receptor for CD112 that may act as a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T-cell receptor-mediated signals. (biolegend.com)

Poliovirus-Receptor Complex. (uiuc.edu)
Viruses come in various shapes, such as helical (which are rod-like), polyhedral (which are many-sided), enveloped, or complex, which has various odd shapes. (mometrix.com)

Nonenveloped viruses require a tightly packed shell to exclude nucleases or other sources of genomic damage. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Electron microscopy is the most direct way to determine the general morphology of a virus particle. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Methods for preserving viruses and other macromolecular assemblies by rapid freezing to liquid nitrogen or liquid helium temperatures have permitted visualization of electron-scattering contrast from the structures in the particle itself and not just from the cast created by a surrounding layer of negative stain. (basicmedicalkey.com)

So, we deployed some fairly fancy virus hunting methods to try to figure out what the cause of this outbreak was, and the answer was really surprising. (cdc.gov)

The first mechanism is budding , during which the virions take parts of the host cell's plasma membrane with them, forming the envelope that is common to many viruses. (mometrix.com)

Respiratory secretion or fecal clinical samples, or environmental samples collected from sewage or water sources, in which an accepted diagnostic test (e.g., virus isolation or polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) has identified the presence of an OPV/Sabin strain. (cdc.gov)
The GAP IV describes the safe handling requirements and community safeguards on the principles of a biorisk management system : the Biorisk Management Standard for Poliovirus-essential Facilities Holding Wild and/or Sabin/OPV Poliovirus Materials. (biosafety.be)

Respiratory secretion or fecal clinical samples, or environmental sewage or water samples, in which an accepted diagnostic test (e.g., virus isolation or polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) has identified the presence of WPV or VDPV. (cdc.gov)
The classic method for HEV serotypic identification requires virus isolation in susceptible cell cultures, followed by virus neutralization tests. (cdc.gov)
The first isolation of a virus was achieved in 1892 by Russian bacteria hunter Dimitri Iwanowski, who gathered fluid from diseased tobacco plants. (medcraveonline.com)

Some children who have received 12 doses of the oral vaccine have still come down with paralytic polio, possibly because intestinal infections common in the developing world may change the intestines, leaving fewer receptors for the oral vaccine to latch on to. (latimes.com)

Virus particles are carriers of genetic material from one cell to another. (basicmedicalkey.com)
As explained later, an important consequence of this observation (first made by Crick and Watson 56 even before a triplet code had been established) is that virus particles, or their substructures, are usually highly symmetric. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Negative staining, with uranyl acetate, potassium phosphotungstate, or related electron-dense compounds, gives somewhat more detailed images of isolated and purified virus particles. (basicmedicalkey.com)
This RNA carries genetic information to make new virus particles. (microbeonline.com)
Newly synthesized virus particles are released into the intestine and shed in the feces. (microbeonline.com)
Virus particles are invisible, about one millionth of an inch in diameter. (adventistreview.org)

Nevertheless, while Q44R led to recovery of viruses that maintained the mutation, Q44D resulted in selection of infective viruses with substitution D44E with acidic charge but with structural features similar to those of the parental virus, suggesting that Q44 is involved in functions other than 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
Let's take a look at the different stages that a virus goes through during the infective process. (mometrix.com)

These results strongly suggest that the 100-kDa band detected by antibody AF3 is, or is closely associated with, the poliovirus receptor site. (ncsu.edu)

Anatomy7

Organisms41

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science4

Health Care3

Geographicals1

Protein18

Wild polioviruses3

CD1555

Viral24

Replication9

Antibodies8

Genome10

Capsid10

Poliomyelitis9

Entry mediator1

Vaccine-derived3

Glycoprotein1

20231

Infection10

Serotypes1

Interaction3

Bind4

Nucleic acid2

Isolates3

Herpesvirus2

Specificity2

Cells14

Proteins2

20191

Infectious6

Vaccination2

Eradication8

Polio virus1

Human4

Tumor2

Herpes simpl1

Containment1

20181

20021

PVRL41

Laboratory2

Wimmer1

Adenoviruses1

Compatible receptor1

Rhinoviruses1

Membranes1

Virology1

Cell receptor2

Complex2

Tightly packed1

Particle2

Outbreak1

Membrane1

Sabin2

Isolation3

Paralytic1

Particles6

Infective2

Antibody1