• In January 2006, Hwang's home research institution, Seoul National University, delivered a damning report about Hwang's work on cloned human embryos, concluding it was all based on fraudulent data. (nature.com)
  • He specified that they used 242 eggs from 16 unpaid volunteers, out which they collected about 100 cell were made from which 30 embryos were developed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since the embryos had adult DNA, the resulting stem cells became clones of the adult somatic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The researchers say the finding, which has been successfully demonstrated in frog embryos, will help scientists control the differentiation of various cell types. (scitechdaily.com)
  • When Notum was not present, the embryos would become a sack of skin cells with no head and a tiny brain, a result of embryonic progenitor cells making only epidermal but not neural cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • With the announcement last November that Ian Wilmut, who cloned Dolly the sheep, was ditching cloning in favor of the "amazingly efficient" method of induced pluripotent stem-cell research (iPS) - which reprograms adult stem cells into embryonic ones without using human embryos or eggs - pro-lifers had reason to celebrate. (crisismagazine.com)
  • Editor Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent cells established from early stage embryos that maintain the capability to differentiate into three-germ level cells. (researchhunt.com)
  • The attached embryos robustly generated outgrowths comprising Oct4-positive cells indicating the presence of Sera progenitor cells (Supplementary info Data S1 Number 1C). (researchhunt.com)
  • Although the source of induced pluripotent stem cells does not raise unique ethical concerns, there are other ethical issues around related to the experimental use of human pluripotent stem cells whether they are derived from embryos or adults. (gc.ca)
  • The Act applies to the derivation of human pluripotent stem cells from human embryos, but does not apply to research using human embryonic stem cell lines that have already been derived. (gc.ca)
  • A couple of studies show some success in generating early microscopic embryos, but this [study] is the first successful pluripotent stem cell line," said Daley. (the-scientist.com)
  • This could help researchers identify abnormalities in iPSC differentiation, correct them, and develop pluripotent stem cells that don't harbor tumorigenic qualities and do not require the use of human embryos. (the-scientist.com)
  • The Catholic Church has always held that stem-cell research and therapies are morally acceptable, as long as they don't involve the creation and destruction of human embryos. (archstl.org)
  • Citizens disagree about whether we should destroy human embryos for their stem cells-and if so, which embryos, with whose money, under what regulatory guidelines. (eppc.org)
  • The holy grail of regenerative medicine-whatever one's ethical beliefs about destroying embryos-is to "reprogram" regular cells from one's own body so that individuals can be the source of their own rejection-proof therapies. (eppc.org)
  • That is to say, we risk turning developed cells into developing embryos, and thus risk engaging in the very activities of embryo destruction and human cloning that we seek to avoid. (eppc.org)
  • But we need to proceed carefully, recognizing that we are gaining new powers over human origins even when we do not use human embryos, and recognizing the danger of blurring the line between cellular parts and embryonic wholes. (eppc.org)
  • Far more controversial-and for good reason-are stem cells derived from destroyed human embryos. (eppc.org)
  • One aspect to this project will be to source oocytes, or immature egg cells to generate SCNT embryos from which embryonic stem cells are harvested. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The use of embryonic stem cells has been a source of considerable controversy due to its sacrifice of human embryos in the blastocyst stage, which some people view as the destruction of human life . (citizendium.org)
  • Human embryos fertilized in the ordinary manner and harvested in the blastocyst stage have been used as an extensive source of stem cells for research purposes, and have been shown to possess therapeutic value in laboratory animals. (citizendium.org)
  • The most infamous study of embryonic stem cells asserted that cloned human embryos had been created via somatic cell nuclear transfer, and stem cells had been generated from these embryos. (citizendium.org)
  • Ethical objections to the use of human embryonic stem cells revolve around the destruction of human embryos in the blastocyst stage to obtain the stem cells. (citizendium.org)
  • Interest in using stem cells from cloned human embryos has revived after success by scientists in the United States and Korea. (bioedge.org)
  • Nature adds that rogue scientists might implant cloned embryos into wombs to create cloned children, a possibility which is widely condemned. (bioedge.org)
  • Kaji has hailed this discovery as a "step towards the practical use of reprogramed cells in medicine, perhaps even eliminating the need for human embryos as a source of stem cells. (theinterim.com)
  • Some also hide behind the fallacious argument that dissecting human embryos must not be seen as a loss of embryonic life. (catholicphilly.com)
  • Moreover, because embryonic stem cells can be rejected as foreign tissue by patients' bodies, are very unstable and are difficult to develop into just one cell type at a time, great numbers of viable human embryos with different genetic profiles may be needed to continue this line of research. (catholicphilly.com)
  • The mass production of human embryos also poses important ethical challenges, including the cloning of human embryos in laboratories for research purposes and the probable exploitation of women to obtain the eggs needed for such production. (catholicphilly.com)
  • Researchers there are working on technology that induces human skin cells to change into the kind of stem cells that have been created by embryos. (cbc.ca)
  • Some argue that the possibility of mimicking stem cells without acquiring them from embryos, side-steps that moral dilemma. (cbc.ca)
  • Embryonic stem cells come from embryos, embryonic germ cells from testes, and adult stem cells can come from bone marrow. (cbc.ca)
  • This new method of generating stem cells does not require embryos as starting points and could be used to generate cells from many adult tissues, such as a patient's own skin cells,' said principal author Andras Nagy, senior investigator at Mount Sinai's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. (cbc.ca)
  • The environmental group argued that Brüstle's work was "contrary to public order" because embryos were destroyed to gather the stem cells used. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The judgment effectively supports the Greenpeace view and imposes a ban on patenting work that uses embryonic stem cells on the grounds that it represents an immoral "industrial" use of human embryos. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Stem cells from embryos may provide the holy grail of medicine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Stem cells from embryos are very special building blocks. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Instead of becoming "biowaste" these embryos could be used to produce embryonic stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Embryonic stem cell production through therapeutic cloning has fewer ethical problems than stem cell harvest from surplus IVF embryos. (philpapers.org)
  • The learning resource provides an overview of stem cells, explains differentiation, embryonic, adult and induced pluripotent stem cells, theraputic stem cell cloning and stem cells as potential treatment for heart disease and nerve damage. (schoolscience.co.uk)
  • Here we show the differentiation of patient specific iPSCs derived from a patient with SFTPB deficiency into lung organoids with mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations from both the proximal and distal portions of the human lung. (nature.com)
  • After differentiating the mutant and corrected cells into lung organoids, we show expression of SFTPB mRNA during endodermal and organoid differentiation but the protein product only after organoid differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Although many differentiation protocols in the literature have been successful in mimicking lung development from stem cells, there has not been an examination of how a specific mutation impacts the differentiation process including its effects on the early endoderm, as well as the proximal and distal lung epithelial cell populations in the lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • For the first time researchers can now compare iPSC differentiation to the same process an egg goes through after the transfer of a somatic cell genome. (the-scientist.com)
  • The variation among induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in their differentiation capacity to specific lineages is frequently attributed to somatic memory. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we compared hematopoietic differentiation capacity of 35 human iPSC lines derived from four different tissues and four embryonic stem cell lines. (nih.gov)
  • Despite different origin, all pluripotent lines demonstrate considerable similarity of the major biological properties: active self-renewal and differentiation into various somatic and germ cells in vitro and in vivo, similar gene expression profiles, and similar cell cycle structure. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Expression of SSEA-4 is down-regulated following differentiation of human EC, ES, and iPS cells. (stemcell.com)
  • In contrast, the differentiation of mouse EC, ES, or iPS cells may be accompanied by an increase in SSEA-4 expression. (stemcell.com)
  • First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)
  • Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
  • A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
  • Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
  • With Hwang discredited, both the field of therapeutic cloning and the public's trust in science have suffered a serious setback. (nature.com)
  • The findings validate this controversial method, and may one day allow therapeutic stem cells to be created from a patient's own genetic material. (the-scientist.com)
  • In the best case, an early embryo consisting of a few cells may form, but these are not capable of giving rise to human life, nor hESCs for therapeutic purposes. (the-scientist.com)
  • The triploid cells aren't suitable for therapeutic purposes, and future efforts will be focused on trying to eliminate the [egg cell] genome," said Daley, who wrote an accompanying News & Views in Nature . (the-scientist.com)
  • While iPSCs avoid the ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells, the methods used to derive them sometimes induce mutations in cancer causing genes, making them unsuitable for therapeutic purposes. (the-scientist.com)
  • But adult stem cells also raise some interesting ethical dilemmas alongside their great therapeutic promise. (eppc.org)
  • SCNT, or therapeutic cloning, is one method used to produce a source of individually-tailored stem cells. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The use of the pluripotent and/or self-renewing qualities of stem cells is believed to have therapeutic benefits for the regeneration of tissue in humans. (citizendium.org)
  • Reproductive cloning in humans and therapeutic cloning in primates: is the ethical debate catching up with the recent scientific advances? (bmj.com)
  • If biotech scientists have the ability to manipulate the genes of an embryo or gamete cell for non-therapeutic purposes, it could be argued that these genetically modified cells are in fact patentable "inventions," given that the material was not, in that particular sequence, naturally occurring. (nyu.edu)
  • iPSCs are cells derived from skin or blood cells that have been reprogrammed back into an embryonic-like pluripotent state that enables the development of an unlimited source of any type of human cell needed for therapeutic purpose. (g1dfoundation.org)
  • However, while the conversion of glial cells to functional neurons represents an attractive therapeutic approach for a number of neurodegenerative disorders, there has so far been limited success (3). (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • 5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
  • Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)
  • With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)
  • Infection of iPSCs with lentiviral inserts is a highly efficient process since stem cells grow quickly, remain undifferentiated in specific cell culture conditions and can establish fully infected clones within 2-3 passages. (nature.com)
  • Noggle said the findings may also pave the way for better induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which form when somatic cells are regressed to a pluripotent state through the use of genetic factors. (the-scientist.com)
  • However, some fibroblast-derived iPSCs showed higher capacity than blood-derived clones. (nih.gov)
  • Similar to iPSCs NT-ESCs displayed clone- and gene-specific aberrations in DNA methylation and allele-specific expression of imprinted genes, similarly to iPSCs. (nih.gov)
  • Reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is an epigenetic phenomenon. (hud.ac.uk)
  • Dr. Al-Ahmad and his team published the results of their study which aimed to characterize an in vitro model of Glut1DS using human pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (g1dfoundation.org)
  • These progenitors which are derived from either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or healthy induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) express wild-type levels of a-syn, thus making them equally susceptible to developing Lewy bodies over time. (lu.se)
  • The advent of iPSCs has opened up the possibility to graft patient-specific cells which most likely would circumvent the need for immunosuppression. (lu.se)
  • Okamoto K, Okazawa H, Okuda A, Sakai M, Muramatsu M, Hamada H. A novel octamer binding transcription factor is differentially expressed in mouse embryonic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Hwang and his research team at the Seoul National University reported in the journal Science that they successfully developed a somatic cell nuclear transfer method with which they made the stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hwang's team had developed an improved method of somatic cell nuclear transfer using which they could transfer the nuclei of somatic (non-reproductive) cells into egg cells which had their nuclei removed. (wikipedia.org)
  • The report concluded: "This study shows the feasibility of generating human ES [embryonic stem] cells from a somatic cell isolated from a living person. (wikipedia.org)
  • A breakthrough in somatic cell nuclear transfer opens the possibility of producing human embryonic stem cells with a patient's own genes. (the-scientist.com)
  • The first pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been generated from somatic cell nuclear transfer, according to a study published today (October 5) in Nature . (the-scientist.com)
  • The advance here is the proof that somatic cell nuclear transfer can work [in human cells] and can fully reset the donor cell genome to a pluripotent state," said Harvard Medical School's George Daley , who was not affiliated with the study. (the-scientist.com)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer typically involves the transfer of genomic information from a somatic cell into an unfertilized egg cell whose nucleus has been removed. (the-scientist.com)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer has shown limited success in animal studies, which have successfully isolated pluripotent cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • Instead of removing the egg genome prior to nuclear transfer, he and his colleagues added the somatic cell nucleus directly to the intact egg. (the-scientist.com)
  • In the end, the egg cell contained three sets of chromosomes-two from the diploid somatic cell, and one from the haploid egg. (the-scientist.com)
  • It became a hot topic in 1996 when Dolly the sheep was cloned via a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (archstl.org)
  • Here we compared the genetic and epigenetic stability of human nuclear-transfer embryonic stem cell (NT-ESC) lines and isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines, derived from the same somatic cell cultures of fetal, neonatal and adult origin. (nih.gov)
  • Scientists from the Monash Institute of Medical Research (MIMR) and colleagues from New South Wales will compare two different methods of creating patient-specific stem cells: somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). (medicalxpress.com)
  • 체세포 핵 치환 (Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, SCNT)은 난자 의 핵 을 제거한 후에, 체세포 의 핵을 이식하여 복제 를 하는 기술을 말한다. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is possible to convert one somatic cell type to another with the best-known example being the reprogramming of fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by "Yamanaka factors" (1). (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • Ten years of intense studies on the stability of different human and monkey embryonic stem cells demonstrated that, irrespective of their origin, long-term in vitro cultures lead to the accumulation of chromosomal and gene mutations as well as epigenetic changes that can cause oncogenic transformation of cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This review summarizes the research data on the genetic and epigenetic stability of different lines of pluripotent stem cells after long-term in vitro culture. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Gordeeva, OF & Mitalipov, SM 2008, ' Pluripotent stem cells: Maintenance of genetic and epigenetic stability and prospects of cell technologies ', Russian Journal of Developmental Biology , vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 325-336. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the research group led by Professor Goncalo Castelo-Branco, we are particularly interested in the molecular mechanisms defining the transcriptomic and epigenomic states of oligodendrocyte lineage cells, with the aim to design epigenetic based-therapies to prevent and treat neuroinflammation in demyelinating diseases. (varbi.com)
  • In conclusion, iP-MSC clones revealed relatively little intraindividual variation but they maintained donor-derived epigenetic differences. (hud.ac.uk)
  • Specifically targeting certain somatic cells circumvents immune recognition and bypasses the need to revert back to an embryonic state thus avoiding the loss of essential age-related and epigenetic factors. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • When the trophoblast cells were cultured, they could divide and form different tissues, indicating that they were viable stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • For those trying to create neural cells, "Notum is a necessary ingredient and new tool in the kit box for researchers to instruct human progenitor cells to become neural tissues," said He, who is also an American Cancer Society research professor. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Stem cells exist naturally in the body to replace damaged cells and tissues. (schoolscience.co.uk)
  • Today, we can derive stem cells from a range of adult and newborn tissues: liver cells, kidney cells, brain cells, fat cells, and umbilical cord blood. (eppc.org)
  • Nowadays we know that stem cells from adult tissues, as well as those associated with a live birth (such as the umbilical cord, placenta, amniotic fluid, etc.) are far more versatile than originally thought. (catholicphilly.com)
  • They can be used to replace dead or damaged cells, tissues or organs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 27 Jun, 2007 06:08 pm Stem cells have the potential to become all the cells and tissues in the human body. (scitizen.com)
  • Furthermore, the use of diphtheria toxin -- which is far more toxic to human cells than mouse cells -- to destroy the human neurons in the mice reversed the observed improvements in motor function. (citizendium.org)
  • This result suggests that the observed increase in motor function was indeed produced by neurons derived from the human embryonic stem cells. (citizendium.org)
  • We used the EP-MS2 method, which combines EP transposon insertion with the MS2/MCP in vivo fluorescent labeling system, to screen for novel localized transcripts in polarized cells, focusing on the highly branched Drosophila class IV dendritic arborization neurons. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, using MCT by themselves or in conjunction with ketogenic diets will provide auxiliary fuel to both major cell types in the central nervous system, which is expected to benefit neurological disorders where brain metabolism of glucose is impaired in neurons and astrocytes. (g1dfoundation.org)
  • More recently, direct transdifferentiation of cells to neurons has been proposed for treating a number of neurodegenerative disorders (2). (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • Two recent papers from Qian et al (4) and Zhou et al (5) demonstrate that reduced expression of the RNA binding protein PTB (encoded by Ptbp1-polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) allows the direct conversion of glial cells to neurons. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)
  • This approach could be potentially applied directly in the brain by targeting resident cells as a source of new neurons. (lu.se)
  • The first part of the thesis (Paper I, II, III) shows the development and improvement of a hESC-based system of for virus-mediated direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into both induced dopaminergic neurons (iDANs) and GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)
  • In this article, we first provide a short history of cell therapy in Parkinson's disease and briefly describe the current state-of-art regarding human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for use in any patient trial. (lu.se)
  • Several academic and industry efforts are well under owned subsidiary Cyto Therapeutics, it had received way to produce dopaminergic neurons from stem approval by the Australian government to conduct a cells under conditions compliant with use in patients. (lu.se)
  • Without this, the patient cells lost in PD could be replaced by grafted community is left trying to interpret complex scien- immature human dopaminergic neurons [3, 5]. (lu.se)
  • The protein, Notum, first discovered in fruit flies in 2002 and then found in mice and humans, is one of many that help determine embryonic development. (scitechdaily.com)
  • See "Review of Critical Article: Cobbe, 'Why the apparent haste to clone humans? (lifeissues.net)
  • The Act also prohibits certain activities such as cloning humans or creating chimeras. (gc.ca)
  • In humans, somatic transfer has been less fruitful-the egg cell quits dividing and often dies after nuclear transfer. (the-scientist.com)
  • The UPR that Walter discovered in yeast is also present in humans, which has led other researchers to build on Walter's work and identify two additional, complementary UPR signaling pathways at work in human cells. (ucsf.edu)
  • Properly controlled, adequately sized studies have yet to demonstrate that human embryonic stem cells have medical value in humans. (citizendium.org)
  • The Hwang affair, or Hwang scandal, or Hwanggate, is a case of scientific misconduct and ethical issues surrounding a South Korean biologist, Hwang Woo-suk, who claimed to have created the first human embryonic stem cells by cloning in 2004. (wikipedia.org)
  • At the same time, the derivation and use of human pluripotent stem cells raise ethical and social issues and legal concerns of interest to Canadians. (gc.ca)
  • In recognition of this and because of the complex ethical issues that it raises, the President of CIHR convened the Ad Hoc Working Group on Stem Cell Research in the fall of 2000. (gc.ca)
  • Wharton's Jelly Holds Very Pluripotent Cells Ethical Alternative for Obtaining Embryonic-LIKE Stem Cells Gains Support Japanese Scientists Cure Renal Failure with Adult Stem Cells Adult Stem Cell Research Quietly Progressing Boston Doctor Uses Stem Cells from. (physiciansforlife.org)
  • Adult stem cells hold great promise in mitigating much of the ethical debate over embryonic stem cell use. (citizendium.org)
  • Embryonic stem cell research, however, poses serious ethical concerns because it requires destroying an embryo in order to obtain the cells. (catholicphilly.com)
  • Keep in mind, this is ethical adult stem cell research, which is in human clinical trials, helping patients NOW. (cbc-network.org)
  • Stem cell research: An ethical evaluation of policy options. (philpapers.org)
  • Potentiality of embryonic stem cells: an ethical problem even with alternative stem cell sources. (philpapers.org)
  • Allowing Innovative Stem Cell-Based Therapies Outside of Clinical Trials: Ethical and Policy Challenges. (philpapers.org)
  • Stem Cell Research as Innovation: Expanding the Ethical and Policy Conversation. (philpapers.org)
  • Uncertain translation, uncertain benefit and uncertain risk: Ethical challenges facing first-in-human trials of induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells. (philpapers.org)
  • Ethical Stem Cell Breakthrough! (scitizen.com)
  • Both cell types shared similar genome-wide gene expression and DNA methylation profiles. (nih.gov)
  • Unmapped bibliographic data: ST - Induced pluripotent mesenchymal stromal cell clones retain donor-derived differences in DNA methylation profiles [Field not mapped to EPrints] C2 - PMC3538313 [Field not mapped to EPrints] AD - Institute for Neurophysiology, Medical Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. (hud.ac.uk)
  • Do our only cloned primates come from the lab of Woo Suk Hwang's colleague? (nature.com)
  • In order to guide or direct stem cells to differentiate into a given cell type, such as neural cells or muscle cells, researchers continue to alter their experimental recipes, fine-tuning which molecules should be added to their dishes in what sequence and amount. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The power of stem cells is that they can differentiate into all the cell types in the body," Verma said in a prepared release . (scientificamerican.com)
  • Undifferentiated cells, found in a differentiated tissue, that can renew themselves and - with certain limitations - differentiate to yield all the specialized cell types of the tissue from which they originated. (michaeljfox.org)
  • Pluripotent cells may differentiate to cells of most types, and multipotent cells are capable only of differentiating to certain types within a group of cells that perform similar functions. (citizendium.org)
  • This could allow us to create cells that are useful for transplantation for a variety of diseases without the problem of immunological rejection," said Noggle in a press briefing. (the-scientist.com)
  • Cross-species transplantation was possible without the rejection of the human embryonic stem cells by the mice's immune systems because the mice were genetically modified to suppress certain immune responses that would have interfered with transplantation. (citizendium.org)
  • Most importantly, embryonic stem cells may allow transplantation to be used to treat common diseases like heart attack, Alzheimer's Disease, diabetes, Parkinson's Disease and stroke. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)
  • Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)
  • 2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
  • 3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
  • 7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
  • 3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
  • The research, published in the 12 March 2004 issue of Science, was reported as "Evidence of a pluripotent human embryonic stem cell line derived from a cloned blastocyst. (wikipedia.org)
  • For its potential medical value to replace diseased and damaged cells, several scientists have tried to clone the human embryo, but in vain. (wikipedia.org)
  • A protein that is necessary for the formation of the vertebrate brain has been identified by researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) and Boston Children's Hospital, in collaboration with scientists from Oxford and Rio de Janeiro. (scitechdaily.com)
  • But they are also less equipped to produce every cell type of the body and less able to reproduce themselves indefinitely, which makes them less appealing to scientists interested in basic research. (eppc.org)
  • In July 2005, for example, scientists announced that they had engineered adult mouse stem cells into usable mouse eggs, a technique that might one day allow for the creation of human eggs from ordinary human cells. (eppc.org)
  • Scientists experimentally induce chromatin remodeling to enhance the conversion of cells into pluripotent stem cells. (jove.com)
  • therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (jove.com)
  • Scientists are unlikely to rush into creating human embryonic stem cell lines. (bioedge.org)
  • Ironically, just eight days before Obama expanded funding for embryonic stem cell research, two teams of scientists, one led by Dr. Keisuke Kaji of the University of Edinburgh and the other by Dr. Andras Nagy of Toronto's Mount Sinai Hospital, disclosed in Nature , a leading scientific journal, that they have come up with a practical method for transforming ordinary skin cells into pluripotent stem cells. (theinterim.com)
  • Scientists should focus instead on legitimate avenues of research, such as the new method for creating pluripotent stem cells from skin cells. (theinterim.com)
  • Having played a key role in encouraging scientists to explore alternatives to embryonic stem cell research, we should not relent in our opposition to the death-dealing procedure until it is banned and stopped altogether. (theinterim.com)
  • Scientists have been all abuzz in the last few years over stem cells - cellular magicians that promise to dazzle and amaze. (cbc.ca)
  • Scientists say embryonic stem cells are the most useful type because they have the potential to become any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
  • Scientists are fascinated by the ability of stem cells to become any type of cell. (cbc.ca)
  • "PrimeGen , based in Irvine, California, says that its scientists have converted specialised adult human cells back to a seemingly embryonic state - using methods that are much less likely to trigger cancer than those deployed previously. (cbc-network.org)
  • The company also claims to be able to produce reprogrammed cells faster and much more efficiently than other scientists. (cbc-network.org)
  • Scientists have found a way to possibly avoid using embryonic stem. (scitizen.com)
  • 1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)
  • mTOR-dependent cytoplasmic retention of TFE3 promotes the exit of hematopoietic stem cell from pluripotency (PubMed:30733432). (neobiotechnologies.com)
  • We discuss these properties with examples both from the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) systems. (lu.se)
  • The South Korean stem-cell researcher Woo Suk Hwang has been at the centre of one of the largest investigations of scientific fraud in living memory. (nature.com)
  • Hwang Woo-suk was a professor of veterinary biotechnology at the Seoul National University and specialised in stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2004, Hwang announced the first complete cloning of human embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Such "guidelines" will ensure that stem cell researchers are not treated poorly as was Hwang when he was eventually found guilty of falsifying his data. (lifeissues.net)
  • In May 2007, Ontario and California announced a $30-million stem cell research deal aimed at finding new therapies for those diseases. (cbc.ca)
  • The Roles and Responsibilities of Physicians in Patients' Decisions about Unproven Stem Cell Therapies. (philpapers.org)
  • The data presented in this thesis may serve as valuable resources to help optimize future cell replacement therapies for patients suffering from PD. (lu.se)
  • Are Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Ready for the Clinic in 2016? (lu.se)
  • Stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's dis- ogy company International Stem Cell Corporation ease (PD) are rapidly moving towards clinical trials. (lu.se)
  • These findings could benefit stem cell researchers trying to create specific tissue types or organs in the lab. (scitechdaily.com)
  • This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)
  • And the researchers have already accomplished the first step, creating embryonic stem-like cells from the tissue of an endangered adult snow leopard ( Panthera uncia ). (scientificamerican.com)
  • The term stem cell is also used in reference to any adult cells that are capable of assisting in the restoration of adult tissue via self-renewal. (citizendium.org)
  • Such tissue renewal may be accomplished via the use of adult stem cells, or embryonic stem cells, which may be derived from a human embryo in the blastocyst stage. (citizendium.org)
  • A lumen can be generated by tissue that enwraps a pre-existing extracellular space or it can arise de novo either between cells or within a single cell in a position where there was no space previously. (bvsalud.org)
  • While other countries are publishing important studies showing tremendous progress in clinical trials for organ and tissue repair using adult stem cells, our country continues to be obsessed with embryonic stem cell research to our own detriment. (catholicphilly.com)
  • In a study published in the online journal Nature on March 1, 2009, Canadian researches described a new method for generating stem cells from adult human tissue. (cbc.ca)
  • It may be possible to engineer tissue from embryonic stem cells so doctors don't need to use these drugs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It may be possible in the future to embryonic stem cells to produce brain tissue to replace the damaged brain tissue. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Right now, the hottest area in stem cell biology is that of induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS cells, which have the ability to develop into several different tissue types. (cbc-network.org)
  • 8 Jun, 2007 04:13 pm Stem cells provide the starting material for the development and repair of every organ and tissue in the body and they are present in all stages of life. (scitizen.com)
  • Transplantations of fetal tissue in the 1980s and 1990s provided proof-of-concept for the potential of cell replacement therapy for PD and some patients benefitted greatly from their transplants. (lu.se)
  • However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)
  • The new egg cell divided normally and grew into blastocyst, an early embryo characterised by a hollow ball of cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)
  • The term stem cell is generally used to describe cells that are totipotent , pluripotent , or multipotent . (citizendium.org)
  • Nanog and transcriptional networks in embryonic stem cell pluripotency. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)
  • Cloning: Do we even need eggs? (nature.com)
  • In 2005, they published again in Science the successful cloning of 11 person-specific stem cells using 185 human eggs. (wikipedia.org)
  • They used human egg cells and cumulus cells, which are found in ovaries near the developing eggs and are known to be good source of nuclear transfer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Verma said these cells can be used either for cloning or to grow eggs or sperm in a lab. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The cells could also be stored in cryopreservation for future use when eggs and sperm are too difficult to collect or freeze. (scientificamerican.com)
  • 6 Sep, 2007 12:57 pm British authorities decided yesterday to permit research that uses animal eggs to create human stem cells because of the limited supply of human eggs. (scitizen.com)
  • Human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are the stem cells of teratocarcinomas, and they are key components of germ cell tumors (GCTs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Cancer cells often spread (or metastasize ) throughout the body by way of the bloodstream or lymphatic vessels to form tumors in new locations beyond the primary site of origin. (agemed.org)
  • Adult stem cells are easier to control than embryonic stem cells and thus less likely to form tumors. (eppc.org)
  • Additionally, the so touted "potential benefits" are in this case more than questionable, given the great unresolved medical problems - including their propensity to create tumors - that embryonic stem cells pose. (catholicphilly.com)
  • A chemical compound or substance that inhibits oxidation - damage to cells' membranes, proteins or genetic material by free radicals (the same chemical reaction that causes iron to rust). (michaeljfox.org)
  • Research advocates attack President Bush for "banning stem cell research," while pro-life advocates lament a Republican administration and Congress that have banned nothing-not embryo destruction, not human cloning, not fetal farming, not genetic engineering. (eppc.org)
  • Genetic match for the patient - you use their skin cells. (cbc-network.org)
  • A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
  • 2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
  • Nature Cell Biology. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Experience in master molecular biology techniques i.e., molecular cloning of plasmid vectors, CRISPR/Cas9 techniques etc. (varbi.com)
  • Dr Paul Verma, Program Leader of MIMR's Stem Cell Biology Program and the Chief Investigator of the Victorian project team, will create the iPS cells for this project. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Social experiments in stem cell biology. (philpapers.org)
  • Philosophy of Stem Cell Biology - an Introduction. (philpapers.org)
  • Practical pursuit in stem cell biology: Innovation, translation, and incomplete theorization. (philpapers.org)
  • Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
  • This is our sad state of stem cell affairs. (eppc.org)
  • In addition, the possibility of reprogramming adult stem cells back to a "pluripotent" (or embryonic-like) state raises the biological prospect of going back too far. (eppc.org)
  • An essential function of SOX2 is to stabilize embryonic stem cells in a pluripotent state by maintaining the requisite level of Oct 3/4 expression. (thermofisher.com)
  • Some of that money would be aimed at turning the state into the second-largest stem cell research region in the United States. (cbc.ca)
  • Remember, this is the research which takes and adult skin cell and then turns the stem cells back to an "embryonic" like state. (cbc-network.org)
  • Deliberative democracy and stem cell research in new York state: The good, the bad, and the ugly. (philpapers.org)
  • explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
  • In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
  • The MC-813-70 antibody reacts with stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4), a glycolipid carbohydrate antigen expressed on the surface of human embryonal carcinoma (EC), embryonic germ (EG), undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, a subset of mesenchymal stem cells, and rhesus monkey ES cell lines. (stemcell.com)
  • These data were used to analyze possible factors of the genome and epigenome instability in pluripotent lines. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The Supreme Court's decision in Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics , Inc. [2] could be interpreted as paving the way for patenting genetically altered genome or gamete cells. (nyu.edu)
  • Both crRNA-tracrRNA duplexes and sgRNAs can be used to target SpCas9 for multiplexed genome editing in eukaryotic cells 1 , 3 . (cdc.gov)
  • Human pluripotent stem cells can be derived from somatic cells by forced expression of defined factors, and more recently by nuclear-transfer into human oocytes, revitalizing a debate on whether one reprogramming approach might be advantageous over the other. (nih.gov)
  • Both NVP-AUY922 cell lines were extensively propagated from solitary cells with normal karyotypes and were passaged at 3-day time intervals (Supplementary info Data S1 Number S1B). (researchhunt.com)
  • The resulting clone developed into a microscopic embryo, which survived long enough for pluripotent stem cell lines to be derived. (the-scientist.com)
  • Bisulfite converted genomic DNA lysates from induced pluripotent stem cell and embryonic stem cell lines were hybridized to Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. (nih.gov)
  • Currently, iPS cell lines show variability in their potential to produce mature cells. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Both methods need to be investigated further so we can determine which will produce the most robust cell lines," Dr Verma said. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Professor Tuch's team will also use their proficiencies in characterising human embryonic stem cell lines and bioinformatics. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Researchers have recently described new lines of stem cells derived from amniotic fluid [9] . (citizendium.org)
  • One group from CHA University in Seoul reported in Cell Stem Cell in April that it had managed to use cell nuclei from two men, aged 35 and 75, to create embryonic stem cell lines. (bioedge.org)
  • There have been many false dawns in the field of embryonic stem cell research, but these results seem to confirm that it is possible to use adult cells to create genetically matched stem cell lines. (bioedge.org)
  • The Bush administration at least limited federal funding for embryonic stem cell research to already-existing stem cell lines. (theinterim.com)
  • Now, Obama has extended federal support to research on all new, as well as old, stem cell lines produced in privately financed laboratories. (theinterim.com)
  • This new technique could be used to develop stem cell lines without use of controversial. (scitizen.com)
  • Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
  • Before leaving office, President Clinton sought to get around the existing law without actually changing it, by funding research on embryonic stem cells so long as the actual embryo destruction was paid for with private dollars. (eppc.org)
  • Until then, Canada had no laws to govern human pluripotent stem cell research, nor were there any guidelines for researchers, research ethics boards, or funding agencies on how human pluripotent stem cells may be derived and used. (gc.ca)
  • Research ethics and lessons from Hwanggate: what can we learn from the Korean cloning fraud? (bmj.com)
  • In the beginning preimplantation blastocysts (embryonic day time 4.5) from an outbred strain of CD:VRL1 rats (also called Sprague-Dawley (SD)) and inbred strains of Fischer 344 and Brown-Norway (BN) rats were individually seeded onto mitomycin C-treated mouse embryonic fibroblast cells in N2B27 medium supplemented with 2i-LIF (Supplementary info Data S1 Number 1A and ?and1B).1B). (researchhunt.com)
  • Blastocysts on embryonic time 4.5 were seeded on MEF NVP-AUY922 feeders individually. (researchhunt.com)
  • Before the technique will ever make it to the clinic, however, researchers must find a way to remove genomic material from the egg cell. (the-scientist.com)
  • HSV-1 amplicon vectors are capable of efficiently transducing both dividing and nondividing cells and since the virus is quite large, 152 kb, it is of sufficient size to allow for incorporation of entire genomic DNA loci with native promoters. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 100 predicted genomic off-target loci in 293T and 293FT cells. (cdc.gov)
  • That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
  • Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
  • In the cell, those "new parts" are proteins, the building blocks of any organism. (ucsf.edu)
  • Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
  • But previous approaches required the use of viruses to deliver the four genes needed to activate the cell and accomplish that task. (cbc.ca)
  • The guidelines provided for the review of human stem cell research applications by a Stem Cell Oversight Committee (SCOC). (gc.ca)
  • After sixteen weeks, the injured mice who received human stem cell injections experienced a significant improvement in the motor functions that had been impaired by their injuries. (citizendium.org)
  • Functional expression cloning of Nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Pluripotency governed by Sox2 via regulation of Oct3/4 expression in mouse embryonic stem cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • In association with TFEB, activates the expression of CD40L in T-cells, thereby playing a role in T-cell-dependent antibody responses in activated CD4(+) T-cells and thymus-dependent humoral immunity (By similarity). (neobiotechnologies.com)
  • Specificity Comments: SOX2 is required for stem cell maintenance in the central nervous system, and it also regulates gene expression in the stomach. (thermofisher.com)
  • Episomal transgene expression in pluripotent stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Their publication reports the generation of two Glut1DS-iPSC clones that were differentiated into functional iBMECs (Induced brain microvascular endothelial cells), which showed a decreased expression of Glut1, decreased glucose uptake, as well as impaired angiogenesis (ability to develop new blood vessels). (g1dfoundation.org)
  • Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells which can be differentiated in vitro from patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • Gene therapy has been utilized successfully to repair or inactivate mutations in animal models of monogenic human diseases 19 as well as human in vitro cells 12 . (nature.com)
  • Apparently distinct mechanisms of de novo lumen formation observed in vitro - in three-dimensional cultures of endothelial and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells - and in vivo - in zebrafish vasculature, Caenorhabditis elegans excretory cells and the Drosophila melanogaster trachea - in fact share many common features. (bvsalud.org)
  • One of the limitations that exists to have a better understanding of the impact of such mutations on cells of the BBB and their function, is the absence of in vitro models of the BBB that reproduce Glut1DS. (g1dfoundation.org)
  • They conclude that these clones could be potential tools to study the pathophysiology of Glut1DS in vitro . (g1dfoundation.org)
  • Suspicion and controversy arose in late 2005, when Hwang's collaborator, Gerald Schatten at the University of Pittsburgh, came to know of the real source of oocytes (egg cells) used in the 2004 study. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem cell research has the potential to provide treatments for a host of debilitating diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, heart disease, and spinal cord injury. (gc.ca)
  • 2. Omitting that the diseases everyone is talking about curing (diabetes, Parkinson's, paralysis) have already been treated with adult stem cells. (alexchediak.com)
  • Australia is already a global leader in overall stem cell research and this new and clear regulatory framework gives us an opportunity to extend our leadership into SCNT which could transform how we treat diabetes, heart diseases and Parkinson's," Mr Jennings said. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and hints of promising treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. (cbc.ca)
  • This Anti-TRA-1-60 Antibody, clone TRA-1-60 is validated for use in WB, FC, IF, IP, IC for the detection of TRA-1-60. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: SOX2 (Embryonic Stem Cell Marker) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (SOX2/4267R) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 6657-RBM7-P1. (thermofisher.com)
  • Researchers from the Harvard Stem Cell Institute have identified a vital protein that can help determine embryonic development. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Additionally, the researchers were able to demonstrate how Notum deactivates Wnt, which is a family of proteins that direct stem cells to "self-renew," or make more stem cells, among other things. (scitechdaily.com)
  • He and his fellow researchers then used the snow leopard cells to create induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, also known as embryonic stem-like cells. (scientificamerican.com)
  • However, the process is still ethically controversial, as researchers first create a human embryo and then destroy it to create stem cells. (bioedge.org)
  • Researchers have developed new, non-destructive methods to produce cells with all the properties of embryonic stem cells (called "induced Pluripotent Stem Cells" or iPSC) by "reprogramming" adult cells. (catholicphilly.com)
  • However, researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute say reprogrammed cells won't eliminate the need or value of studying embryonic stem cells. (cbc.ca)
  • 18 Sep, 2007 12:13 pm Rice University researchers have engineered musculoskeletal cartilages with human embryonic stem cells, with the hope of eventually using the neotissue. (scitizen.com)
  • 6 Jun, 2007 07:00 pm Researchers have reprogrammed skin cells into embryonic stem cells. (scitizen.com)
  • Adult stem cells are nowadays widely used in the treatment of many types of cancer and other severe illnesses, and many clinical trials have already shown benefit to patients with heart problems, corneal damage, multiple sclerosis and numerous other devastating conditions. (catholicphilly.com)
  • The first clinical trials involving a patient receiving human embryonic stem cells began in October 2010 at the Shepard Center, a spinal cord injury hospital in Atlanta. (cbc.ca)
  • Today, clinical trials using stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors have commenced. (lu.se)