Platelet activity platelet activation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Recently, GABA (4 M) was reported to potentiate platelet aggregation, whereas our preliminary study revealed that GABA obviously inhibited platelet aggregation and [Ca+2]i in activated platelets at relative lower concentrations (0.5-1 M) (Figs.1&2). (tmu.edu.tw)
Using a platelet‑aggregation assay, it was revealed that LGP significantly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP, U46619 and arachidonic acid. (spandidos-publications.com)

This study is clinically significant since the recruitment of blood platelets by immobilized VWF at sites of vascular injury is an important contributor to arterial occlusion during myocardial infarction (heart attack) and stroke. (buffalo.edu)

These results clearly indicate that human platelets contain high levels of GABA, which, upon stimulation, it is readily released from platelets and further contributes to be circulating GABA, and it may be taken as an endogenous antithrombotic agent. (tmu.edu.tw)
Specific Aim 4 (3rd year): To investigate the pivotal roles of NF-B regulation in Bax-associated apoptotic signals (i.e., mPT, AIF, Endo G, apoptosome formation, caspase activation, and mtDNA fragmentation, etc) in human platelets, and concurrently to compare the differences of apoptotic events in platelets isolated from NF-B knockout (NF-B-/-) and wild type mice. (tmu.edu.tw)
We demonstrate expression of Notch1, its ligand DLL-4 and their respective transcripts in human platelets. (elifesciences.org)
Accordingly, we have investigated augmentation of the reactivity of human platelets in vitro as a potential mechanism of bedaquiline-mediated cardiotoxicity. (up.ac.za)
Imaging the elastic modulus of human platelets during thrombininduced activation using scanning ion conductance microscopy. (sciendo.com)

The signaling events during the GABA-mediated inhibition of platelet activation and whether platelets express GABA-like binding receptors are also determined. (tmu.edu.tw)
The mechanism of early activation of GP IIb/IIIa receptors in diabetic conditions remains unknown. (aging-us.com)
In conclusion, EMP-PDI promotes early platelet activation through glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors present on platelet surface in the diabetic state. (aging-us.com)
However, the ultimate common pathway of platelet aggregation is the activation of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors present on platelet surface [ 7 - 9 ]. (aging-us.com)
The identification of the key molecules that accurately regulate the activation of these receptors may provide a novel approach for antiplatelet therapy. (aging-us.com)
The activities of adhesion and signaling receptors in platelets are controlled by several mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
An important way of regulation is provided by proteolytic cleavage of several of these receptors, leading to either a gain or a loss of platelet function. (frontiersin.org)
Although these platelet activation processes are relatively well-studied as a function of the platelet environment, only since recently it is becoming clear that a multitude of proteases present in plasma or produced by platelets themselves are important for the distinct properties of platelet populations, often by cleaving specific receptors. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review current knowledge how proteases act on platelet receptors and the platelet membrane surface. (frontiersin.org)
7. Offermanns S. Activation of platelet function through G protein-coupled receptors. (sciendo.com)
In the absence of ligand, certain growth factor receptors can be activated via G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activation in a process termed transactivation. (uwaterloo.ca)
We reasoned that the presence of prostacyclin (PGI 2 ) during the washing procedure to inhibit platelet activation and of apyrase in the suspending milieu to degrade trace amounts of ADP released from platelets and thus prevent the desensitization of the ADP receptors, might mimic the inhibitory role of the vascular endothelium, known to express ectonucleotidase activities and to produce PGI 2 , the natural strong vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet activation. (haematologica.org)
Activation of thrombin receptors occurs through the proteolytic action of THROMBIN, which cleaves the N-terminal peptide from the receptor to reveal a new N-terminal peptide that is a cryptic ligand for the receptor. (bvsalud.org)

Proteogenomics was applied here to investigate this phenomeon in platelets activated in vitro with Collagen or Thrombin Receptor Activating Peptide. (nature.com)
Upon vascular injury, platelets are exposed to the subendothelium, and several agonists, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin, are generated at the injury site, which can stimulate platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation. (spandidos-publications.com)
Ex vivo plasma analysis from treated animals revealed expected anti-factor Xa activity but no direct inhibitory effect against thrombin. (nih.gov)
Thrombin, which is generated at these phosphatidylserine sites, triggers the formation of fibrin fibers, which consolidate the platelet thrombus into a stable clot sealing the breach in a vessel wall ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Strikingly, prevention of DLL-4-Notch1 interaction by a blocking antibody abolished platelet aggregation and extracellular vesicle shedding induced by thrombin. (elifesciences.org)
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or isolated cells prepared from the blood of healthy, adult humans were treated with bedaquiline (0.625-10 μg/ml), followed by activation with adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), thrombin or the thromboxane A2 receptor agonist (U46619). (up.ac.za)
Exposure to bedaquiline caused dose-related inhibition of ADP-activated, but not thrombin- or U46619-activated, expression of CD62P by platelets, achieving statistical significance at a threshold concentration of 5 μg/ml and was paralleled by inhibition of aggregation and Ca2+ mobilization. (up.ac.za)
It seems to be a multi- as increased thrombin activity with defects factorial process involving increased blood in fibrinolysis [6,8]. (who.int)
This initial interaction (platelet adhesion) sets the stage for other adhesive reactions that allow the platelets to interact with other agonists in the vicinity of vessel injury, such as adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), subendothelial collagen, and thrombin. (medscape.com)
maintains circulating platelets in a resting state by phosphorylating proteins in numerous platelet inhibitory pathways when in complex with NF-kappa-B (NFKB1 and NFKB2) and I-kappa-B-alpha (NFKBIA), but thrombin and collagen disrupt these complexes and free active PRKACA stimulates platelets and leads to platelet aggregation by phosphorylating VASP. (rcsb.org)
This study provides results of early diminished platelet function in IBS-treated PCs as compared to conventional PCs, i.e., reduced aggregation response to collagen or thrombin and adhesion to collagen or vWF under flow, increased platelet apoptosis, MAPK p38 activation, and glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) shedding and enhanced clearance from the circulation of mice. (haematologica.org)
Indeed, we showed that washed IBS-platelets were fully responsive to various agonists including collagen, thrombin, and the so-called weak platelet agonist ADP up to Day 4.5, while a slight decline in responsiveness was observed on Day 6.5, which was, however, exactly the same in washed IBS-platelets as washed untreated platelets, whatever the agonist. (haematologica.org)
Upon cleavage of the activation peptide by thrombin and in the presence of calcium ion, the plasma factor XIII dissociates its B subunits and yields the same active enzyme, factor XIIIa, as platelet factor XIII. (antibodies-online.com)

Platelet activation triggers thrombus formation in physiological and pathological conditions, such as acute coronary syndromes. (nature.com)
Platelet activation and subsequent accumulation at sites of vascular injury are central to thrombus formation, which is considered to be a trigger of several cardiovascular diseases. (spandidos-publications.com)
The process of thrombus formation is considered to be initiated by von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding to exposed collagen or laminin in the damaged vessel wall, followed by shear-dependent platelet binding to VWF through the glycoprotein (GP)Ib-V-IX complex ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
describes a novel signaling pathway involving Notch1 and its ligand, Δ-like ligand-4 (DLL4) in driving platelet activation and thrombus formation. (elifesciences.org)
8. Jackson SP, Nesbitt WS, Westein E. Dynamics of platelet thrombus formation. (sciendo.com)
Dr Nicholas Pugh focuses his research interests on the signalling mechanisms used by platelets during pathophysiological thrombus formation. (aru.ac.uk)
He is particularly interested in the role of ion channels and transporters in platelet function and studying platelet behaviour in models of thrombus formation in flowing blood. (aru.ac.uk)

Qin R , Zhu H , Wang F , Song M , Lin P , Xing Y , Zhang W , Zhong M , Wang Z , . Platelet activation in diabetic mice models: the role of vascular endothelial cell-derived protein disulfide isomerase-mediated GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation. (aging-us.com)
GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation plays an important role in thrombosis. (aging-us.com)
The proteases involved are of different origins and types: (i) present as precursor in plasma, (ii) secreted into the plasma by activated platelets or other blood cells, or (iii) intracellularly activated and cleaving cytosolic receptor domains. (frontiersin.org)
The flow-dependent adhesion of platelets to those and other extracellular matrix components is stabilized by a panel of integrins, including integrin α 2 β 1 , α IIb β 3 , and α 6 β 1 (adhesive platelet population), while the initial activation of platelets is achieved by signaling via the collagen/laminin receptor, glycoprotein VI (GPVI). (frontiersin.org)
ii) Determination of the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib extracellular domain and von Willebrand factor A1 domain structures (iii) determination of the coagulation factor xi structure. (nottingham.ac.uk)
DLL-4, in turn, instigated neighbouring platelets to switch to 'activated' phenotype through cleavage of Notch receptor and release of its intracellular domain (NICD), which was averted by inhibition of γ-secretase and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). (elifesciences.org)
Available antiplatelet agents, such as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors (aspirin), ADP P2Y 12 receptor antagonists, and GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors, are effective and save in the treatment and prevention of thrombotic events, these drugs interfere with the platelet activation process, including adhesion, release, and aggregation. (hindawi.com)
Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) transactivation is a mechanism by which G proteincoupled receptor (GPCR) activity induces the activation of an RTK. (uwaterloo.ca)
In the framework of the very most widely used pet style of PVR, platelet-derived development element receptor (PDGFR) can be an important mediator of retinal detachment, which may be 70374-39-9 IC50 the most medically relevant element of this disease (3, 29, 31, 62). (woofahs.com)
By binding to monomeric PDGFR, VEGF-A thwarted PDGF-mediated dimerization and activation of the receptor, aswell as following signaling occasions and cellular replies. (woofahs.com)
Los pequeños péptidos sintéticos que contienen la secuencia peptídica N-terminal no enmascarada pueden activar también el receptor en ausencia de actividad proteolítica. (bvsalud.org)
Small synthetic peptides that contain the unmasked N-terminal peptide sequence can also activate the receptor in the absence of proteolytic activity. (bvsalud.org)
The released ADP acts on the P2Y12 receptor on other platelets, thereby activating them and recruiting them to the site of injury. (msdmanuals.com)
[ 3 ] It is reported to have mitogenic activity for smooth muscle cells and receptor-mediated proinflammatory activities. (medscape.com)
In platelet refractoriness, his group studies the pro-inflammatory nature of platelets responsible for adverse reactions during platelet transfusions, particularly how platelet Toll-like receptor expression modulates innate immune mechanisms. (lu.se)

Platelet thrombus on immobilized collagen was quantified using microfluidics platform. (elifesciences.org)
The effects of SP600125 on the key parameters of activation (chemokine production, collagen production, and proliferation) were examined. (aspetjournals.org)
SP600125 inhibited platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation, inducible monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production, and serum-induced type I collagen production. (aspetjournals.org)
We also looked at the reactivity of platelets in their storage milieu and, indeed, found there was already inhibition of platelet aggregation in response to ADP on Day 1.5, and to collagen on Day 6.5, which was, however, similar between the untreated and the IBS-PCs 2 (see Online Supplementary Figure S2B). (haematologica.org)
Platelet aggregation tests assess the ability of platelets to clump in response to the addition of various activators (eg, collagen, epinephrine , ADP, ristocetin). (msdmanuals.com)

Adherent, activated platelets recruit additional platelets to the growing thrombus ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Once activated, platelets have two major mechanisms to recruit additional platelets to the growing hemostatic plug. (medscape.com)

Platelets are anucleate cytoplasmic fragments, deriving from precursor megakaryocytes, which play key roles in processes such as thrombosis, hemostasis, inflammation, wound healing and angiogenesis. (nature.com)
Platelets are small, a nucleate blood cells, the major role of which is in hemostasis and thrombosis owing to their capacity to adhere to damaged blood vessels and to accumulate at sites of injury ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It has been demonstrated clinically that the use of antiplatelet agents to prevent and/or reverse platelet aggregation is a successful strategy for the prevention of thrombosis ( 7 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In thrombosis, platelet activation serves as the initiation factor. (aging-us.com)
According to a common concept of thrombosis and hemostasis, damage or injury of a vessel wall and ensuing exposure of extracellular matrix components to the blood stream triggers platelets from the circulation to become adherent and to assemble into a thrombus, thus limiting the extravasation of blood ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Inhibition of Notch signaling, too, restrained agonist-induced platelet activation, and significantly impaired arterial thrombosis in mice. (elifesciences.org)
Under physiological circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. (medscape.com)
Defects in protein Z lead to increased factor Xa activity, which increases the risk for thrombosis. (medscape.com)

Structural basis of the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 I-domain interactions with the platelet glycoprotein Ib. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Platelets play a primary role in this process, interacting with subendothelium-bound von Willebrand factor (vWf) via the membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib complex. (medscape.com)
They contain denser granules, secrete more serotonin and β -thromboglobulin, produce more thromboxane A2 and have more adhesion molecules (like P-selectin and platelet glycoprotein-GP-IIbIIIa), than smaller platelets. (hindawi.com)
Factor H, also known as beta-1H, is a serum glycoprotein that controls the function of the alternative complement pathway and acts as a cofactor with factor I . It regulates the activity of the C3 convertases such as C4b2a. (lu.se)
Platelet adhesion (ie, of platelets to exposed vascular subendothelium) requires von Willebrand factor (VWF) and the platelet glycoprotein Ib/IX complex. (msdmanuals.com)
Platelet activation promotes platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding and requires the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex. (msdmanuals.com)
Additionally, ADP (and thromboxane A2) then promotes changes in the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex, which in turn increases fibrinogen binding, thereby allowing platelets to aggregate. (msdmanuals.com)
It impairs platelet adhesion via a defect in the glycoprotein Ib/IX complex that binds endothelial VWF. (msdmanuals.com)

In conclusion, the data presented here demonstrated that LGP, a natural compound from C. nudiflora Hook, inhibited the development of platelet aggregation and amplification of platelet activation. (spandidos-publications.com)
Disorders of amplification of platelet activation are the most common hereditary intrinsic platelet disorders and produce mild bleeding. (msdmanuals.com)

The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. (medscape.com)
They are found primarily on PLATELETS and on ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. (bvsalud.org)

The outcomes of this study will provide researchers in nutrition, molecular biology, and medicinal fields with important information about how the amides could inhibit platelet activation. (usda.gov)

This study indicates that alfrutamide could suppress P-selectin expression on platelets and platelet-leukocyte interactions by inhibiting COX enzymes, meanwhile caffedymine could do the same suppression by inhibiting COX enzymes as well as increasing cAMP. (usda.gov)
Of note, independently of IBS, we showed that the level of spontaneous P-selectin expression on platelets kept in their storage milieu resulted in approximately 30% positive cells at Day 1.5, which is the lowest amount reported by others. (haematologica.org)

Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycaemia, obesity, hypertension, smoking, and aging promote vascular inflammation and endothelial activation [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
When blood vessels are damaged by a cut or by other types of vascular injury, VWF in blood plasma binds to the site of damage and unravels to form long protein strings that specifically capture specialised blood cells (platelets) to the site of injury. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Overview of Hemostasis Hemostasis, the arrest of bleeding from an injured blood vessel, requires the combined activity of Vascular factors Platelets Plasma coagulation factors Regulatory mechanisms counterbalance. (msdmanuals.com)

Despite some benzodiazepine analogues are reported to inhibit platelet aggregation through different mechanisms, there is relatively rare information on the study of GABA in platelet function. (tmu.edu.tw)
Current therapies still fail to prevent thrombotic events in numerous patients, indicating that the mechanisms modulating platelet response during activation need to be clarified. (nature.com)
In spite of this, current antithrombotic approaches still fail to prevent thrombotic coronary events in a substantial number of patients 5 , indicating that the complex mechanisms modulating platelet response during activation are not completely understood. (nature.com)
Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of platelet activation and identifying novel techniques for platelet inhibition remain critically important. (spandidos-publications.com)
In particular, we are interested in applying quantitative experimental and computational techniques to discover new mechanisms that control the cell adhesion properties of blood leukocytes and platelets during human inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. (buffalo.edu)
His research is aimed at understanding the cellular immune mechanisms responsible for the generation of IgG antibodies that recognize platelet antigens. (lu.se)

Baicalin acts as an adjuvant to potentiate the activity of azithromycin against Staphylococcus saprophyticus biofilm: an in vitro, in vivo, and molecular study. (greenmedinfo.com)
Potently inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation and P-selectin expression in vitro (pIC 50 values are 8.26 and 8.56, respectively). (tocris.com)

This protein has been shown to play roles in platelet aggregation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis. (wikipedia.org)
The type I repeat motif is more effective than the entire protein at inhibiting angiogenesis and contains not one but two regions of activity. (wikipedia.org)
We also evaluate whether GABA regulates the NF-B translocation or mtDNA-encoded protein expressions in platelets. (tmu.edu.tw)
The evidence that platelets are capable of de novo protein synthesis in response to stimuli raised the issue of how megakaryocyte-derived mRNAs are regulated in these anucleate cell fragments. (nature.com)
Evidence that platelets are capable of de novo protein synthesis 17 also raised the issue of whether resident mRNAs are regulated in circulating platelets and, if so, why. (nature.com)
Interestingly, it has been shown that platelets contain a broad spectrum of RNA molecules, including, in addition to mRNAs and miRNAs, also pre-mRNAs and a role of mRNA splicing in regulation of platelet protein synthesis has been proposed 18 , 19 . (nature.com)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the release of Endothelial microparticle (EMP)-associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) after endothelial cell injury induced in diabetes and the changes in platelet activation. (aging-us.com)
Long-term activation of protein kinase c causes chronic Na/H antiporter stimulation in cultured proximal tubule cells. (jci.org)
To examine the role of protein kinase C as a chronic regulator of proximal tubule Na/H antiporter activity, the effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on the Na/H antiporter was studied in cultured proximal tubule cells. (jci.org)
Short-term activation of protein kinase C by 5 min exposure to PMA caused an acute increase in Na/H antiporter activity that was not prevented by cycloheximide or actinomycin D and did not persist 24 h later. (jci.org)
Long-term activation of protein kinase C by 2 h exposure to PMA caused a dose-dependent increase in Na/H antiporter activity 24 h later. (jci.org)
This latter effect was due to protein kinase C activation in that it was inhibited by sphingosine and was not seen with 4 alpha-PMA, an inactive analogue. (jci.org)
In conclusion, short-term activation of protein kinase C leads to a transient increase in Na/H antiporter activity that is independent of transcription and translation, whereas long-term activation of protein kinase C causes a persistent increase in antiporter activity that is dependent on transcription and translation and is associated with increased mRNANa/H abundance. (jci.org)
In the presence of divalent cations, the secreted protein binds to the surface of the activated platelets and is responsible for the endogenous lectin-like activity associated with activated platelets. (dadamo.com)
The protein is important in hematopoiesis, playing a role in T-cell and B-cell development and activation. (avivasysbio.com)
SP600125 inhibited interleukin-1β-induced JNK activity and activator protein-1 activation, but it did not affect the activation of extracellular-regulated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. (aspetjournals.org)
The preserved reactivity of IBS-platelets was further confirmed in perfusion studies over adhesive protein-coated surfaces under relevant shear rates, in accordance with previously reported results. (haematologica.org)
The expression of protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes and the effects of PKC activation on myocardial phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, platelet-activating factor (PAF) generation and eicosanoid release were studied in spontaneously beating cultured rat cardiomyocytes. (unige.ch)
Elevated activity of a blood-clotting protein called Factor XIII (FXIII) in the bloodstream of adults with systemic sclerosis (SSc) is tied to the presence of Raynaud's phenomenon, a common SSc symptom, a small study suggests. (scleroderma.org.au)
The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-378a-3p inhibited the gene expression and enzyme activities of glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT-1), Aldolase A (ALDOA), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), all of which are involved in the glycolytic pathway of cells. (bvsalud.org)

Overall, anthocyanin supplementation led to beneficial changes in platelet chemokines as well as favorable changes in lipids and inflammatory markers compared to placebo. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)

We describe how these are activated, their targets, their effect on platelet functions, and the consequences for platelet population formation. (frontiersin.org)
1 and others 6 4 is the fact that we isolated platelets from the storage milieu in order to explore their intrinsic functional properties, independently of the storage milieu which may have an inhibitory-yet-reversible effect on platelet responsiveness. (haematologica.org)

The body's reaction to vessel wall injury is rapid adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium. (medscape.com)

Recent our study also found that the transcription factor, NF-B, is present in platelets (anucleated cells) (Fig.5), it can translocate from the cytosol into mitochondria (Fig.6), and binding to the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). (tmu.edu.tw)
Phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets, usually located around a thrombus, provide a negatively charged membrane surface, which supports coagulation factor binding and the formation of tenase and prothrombinase complexes ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
The potential role of platelet-activating factor (PAF)-acether and of IL-5 as an eosinophil-proliferating, activating, and/or recruiting mediator in asthma led us to study the effects of human (h) rIL-5 (hrIL-5) and PAF-acether, alone or combined, on isolated guinea pig eosinophils. (pasteur.fr)
von Willebrand factor (VWF) propeptide binding to VWF D'D3 domain attenuates platelet activation and adhesion. (buffalo.edu)
Platelet-activating factor-mediated transmembrane signaling in human B lymphocytes is regulated through a pertussis- and cholera toxin-sensitive pathway. (jci.org)
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) stimulates human B cells, resulting in elevation of intracellular calcium and the release of inositol phosphates. (jci.org)
Interleukin-1β activated both 46- and 54-kDa JNK, whereas platelet-derived growth factor-BB activated only 46-kDa JNK. (aspetjournals.org)
Potency is determined by means of a biological assay and interpreted by the first International Low Molecular Weight Heparin Standard as units of anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) activity per milligram. (rxlist.com)
The mean tinzaparin sodium anti-factor Xa activity is approximately 100 IU per milligram. (rxlist.com)
The alpha granules contain hemostatic proteins such as fibrinogen, vWf, and growth factors (eg, platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factors). (medscape.com)
Platelet disorders lead to defects in primary hemostasis and produce signs and symptoms different from coagulation factor deficiencies (disorders of secondary hemostasis). (medscape.com)
Platelet factor XIII is comprised only of 2 A subunits, which are identical to those of plasma origin. (antibodies-online.com)
Deficiency of factor H leads to uncontrolled activation of the alternative pathway and C3 consumption. (lu.se)
Effects of platelet activating factor on membrane potential and respiratory burst activity of human granulocytes. (cdc.gov)
is due to a deficiency or defect in the von Willebrand factor (VWF) that is needed to permit platelet adhesion. (msdmanuals.com)

Thus, platelets may be an ideal target for the study of the non-genomic functions (i.e., regulation of platelet activation, apoptosis, and autophagy) of NF-B in anucleated cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
Our preliminary results also demonstrated that GABA plays an important role in regulation of platelet activation and apoptosis. (tmu.edu.tw)
This leads to the activation of caspases and apoptosis of the cell. (dadamo.com)
Moreover, increased miR-378a-3p expression promoted cell apoptosis in the early stages by increasing the expression levels and the activity of Bad and Caspase-3, while inhibiting the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Survivin. (bvsalud.org)

Platelets from subjects with DM, particularly from those with type 2 diabetes, exhibit increased reactivity. (hindawi.com)
Factors that may contribute to this greater platelet reactivity are not completely elucidated and include metabolic abnormalities as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and conditions as oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

Neither affinity-purified Ab1 nor Ab2 binds to platelets. (jci.org)
However, the combination of Ab1 and Ab2 (preincubated for 2 h at 22 degrees C) binds to platelets in a saturation-dependent manner at an optimum ratio range of 10-20:1. (jci.org)

A critical issue in such cases is the possibility to assess platelet activation extent before tissue damage occurs, i.e. before myocardial necrosis. (nature.com)
viscosity, reduced red cell deformability, The main objectives of this study were abnormal red cell adhesive properties, en- to assess platelet aggregation patterns and dothelial intimal proliferation, bone marrow levels of PC, PS and AT III in SCA patients or fat embolism and a chronic hypercoagula- in the steady state and in vaso-occlusive ble state [6]. (who.int)

Thus, Notch pathway can be a potential anti-platelet/anti-thrombotic therapeutic target. (elifesciences.org)
Advances in the discovery of novel anti-platelet therapeutics remains an unmet need. (elifesciences.org)
If operative in vivo, these anti-platelet effects of bedaquiline may contribute to ameliorating the risk of TB-associated cardiovascular disease, but this remains to be explored in the clinical setting. (up.ac.za)

These proteins are vital to normal platelet adhesion and hemostatic function. (nottingham.ac.uk)
These disorders are suspected in patients with lifelong bleeding disorders who have normal platelet counts and coagulation study results. (msdmanuals.com)

Specific platelet-derived growth element (PDGF) isoforms are connected with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a sight-threatening complication that develops inside a subset of individuals dealing with retinal reattachment surgery. (woofahs.com)
We discovered that while vitreal PDGFs had been functional, vitreous included inhibitors of PDGF-dependent activation of PDGFR. (woofahs.com)

We describe how these are activated, which are their target proteins, and how their proteolytic activity modulates platelet functions. (frontiersin.org)
Serum peptides derived from certain cleaved COMPLEMENT PROTEINS during COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. (umassmed.edu)
This may reflect different roles for GTP-binding proteins in the activation of human B cells. (jci.org)
Platelet activation allows binding of these proteins, which bridges adjacent platelets. (medscape.com)
Prothrombinase assembly on platelets is not strictly a function of phospholipid composition, but is likely coordinated by one or more specific binding proteins. (medscape.com)

Thus, modulation of platelet aggregation and coagulation pathways represents the main therapeutical strategy pursued in the management of thrombotic disorders 4 . (nature.com)

Here, we further characterized the lead RhoA inhibitor, Rhosin/G04, in platelet function and present structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis. (nih.gov)
These ADP-selective inhibitory effects of bedaquiline on platelet activation were mimicked by wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), implicating PI3-K as being a common target of both agents, a contention that was confirmed by the observed inhibitory effects of bedaquiline on the phosphorylation of Akt1 following activation of platelets with ADP. (up.ac.za)
We here evaluated the effects of SP600125 (anthra[1,9- cd ]pyrazole-6 (2 H )-one), an inhibitor of c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK), on the activation of PSCs. (aspetjournals.org)

Platelet activation pathways. (medscape.com)
Recent studies have revealed that AXL contributes to leukaemic phenotypes through activation of oncogenic signalling pathways that lead to increased cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)

Our study presents compelling evidence in support of non-canonical juxtacrine Notch signaling within platelet aggregates that synergizes with physiological agonists to generate occlusive intramural thrombi. (elifesciences.org)

Independently of such activation processes, platelet heterogeneity can be achieved by aging and an accompanied inactivation ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)

In our previous study, several compounds extracted from this herb, including luteolin‑4'‑O‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside (LGP), were revealed to exert inhibitory effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‑induced platelet aggregation. (spandidos-publications.com)
It was also found that LGP exhibited marked inhibitory effects on the activation of αIIbβ3 integrin, the secretion of serotonin from granules, and the synthesis of thromboxane A2. (spandidos-publications.com)
These apparent inhibitory effects of bedaquiline on the activity of PI3-K may result from the secondary cationic amphiphilic properties of this agent. (up.ac.za)

Rhosin/G04 contains a pair of enantiomers, and S-G04 is significantly more potent than R-G04 in inhibiting RhoA activation and platelet aggregation. (nih.gov)
Compared with the normal diet group, the diabetic group had significantly increased plasma EMP-PDI content and accelerated platelet activation by increased GP IIb/IIIa expression. (aging-us.com)
However, diabetic patients have significantly higher platelet aggregation and activation than non-diabetic patients, including those undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy [ 4 - 6 ]. (aging-us.com)
Eosinophil preincubation with hrIL-5 increased significantly the migration by PAF-acether (173 +/- 23 migrating eosinophils with PAF-acether 10 nM after preincubation with hrIL-5 500 ng/ml vs 69 +/- 10 after preincubation with buffer alone, p less than 0.01) and failed to enhance migration by LTB4 or to uncover an activity for FMLP. (pasteur.fr)

Specific Aim 1 (1st year): To further quantify the levels of GABA by LC-MS/MS and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and elucidate their specific localization (i.e.,  granules, dense granules or open canalicular system) in platelets by transmission electron microscope. (tmu.edu.tw)
Thrombospondin (TSP) is a glycoproteins secreted from the alpha-granules of platelets upon activation. (dadamo.com)
Platelets contain two unique types of granules: alpha granules and dense granules. (medscape.com)
During activation, the granules are centralized and their contents are discharged into the lumen of the open canalicular system, from which they are then released to the exterior (the release reaction). (medscape.com)
Activation involves release of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from platelet storage granules and conversion of arachidonic acid to thromboxane A2 via a cyclooxygenase-mediated reaction. (msdmanuals.com)

Concomitant use of other drugs that affect hemostasis, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), platelet inhibitors, other anticoagulants. (rxlist.com)
The initial hemostatic plug, composed primarily of platelets, is stabilized further by a fibrin mesh generated in secondary hemostasis. (medscape.com)

activation of TGF-beta and Immune regulation. (dadamo.com)

Transcripts/peptides of Notch1 and Delta-like ligand (DLL)-4 were detected in platelets isolated from human blood by RT-qPCR, Western analysis and flow cytometry. (elifesciences.org)
Platelet aggregation, granule secretion and platelet-leukocyte interaction were analyzed by lumi-aggregometry and flow cytometry. (elifesciences.org)
Expression of platelet CD62P (P-selectin), platelet aggregation, Ca2+ fluxes and phosphorylation of Akt1 were measured using flow cytometry, spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrometry, and by ELISA procedures, respectively. (up.ac.za)

This provokes the release of thromboxane A 2 and the secretion of granular contents including ADP and, via these autocrine agents, the subsequent recruitment of additional flowing platelets, which assemble into a growing thrombus via α IIb β 3 -fibrinogen interactions (aggregating platelet population) ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Consequently, they could suppress platelet-leukocyte interactions in blood samples by 24-32 % (P (usda.gov)
These data suggest that the amides are able to suppress P-selectin expression and platelet-leukocyte interactions, thereby providing potential benefits on some cardiovascular diseases. (usda.gov)
These interactions further activate platelets. (medscape.com)
The platelet GP IIb/IIIa complex mediates platelet-to-platelet interactions (platelet aggregation). (medscape.com)

This suggests that the mechanism of platelet activation in the diabetic state has not been fully elucidated. (aging-us.com)
fVa contributes to the activation of prothrombin mainly by stabilizing the enzymatic complex and altering the kinetic mechanism of fXa (increased k cat ). (csuohio.edu)
1. Hartwig J. Mechanism of actin rearrangements mediating platelet activation. (sciendo.com)

Platelet transfusion is usually necessary to control serious bleeding. (msdmanuals.com)
Platelet transfusion is necessary to control serious bleeding in all of these disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
These antibodies can lead to clinically significant adverse effects such as autoimmunity causing immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and alloimmunity causing platelet transfusion refractoriness. (lu.se)
Professor Semple has published more than 200 papers in the area of platelet immunology and transfusion medicine. (lu.se)

Our studies of inflammation biology examine the contribution of cell surface carbohydrate structures or glycans to white blood cell (leukocyte) activation and adhesion. (buffalo.edu)

Platelet morphology, biochemistry, and function. (sciendo.com)
MPV is considered a marker of platelet function and activation: larger platelets are more reactive and aggregable. (hindawi.com)
Finally, IBS did not substantially alter platelet proteome as could be evaluated by the 2D-DIGE technology, indicating overall that IBS did not induce any clear intrinsic defect in integrity, function or increased spontaneous activation of platelets isolated from the storage milieu. (haematologica.org)
The A subunits have catalytic function, and the B subunits do not have enzymatic activity and may serve as plasma carrier molecules. (antibodies-online.com)
He also has an interest in lipotoxicity and in the development of novel reagents to study platelet function. (aru.ac.uk)
Overview of Platelet Disorders Platelets are circulating cell fragments that function in the clotting system. (msdmanuals.com)

Platelet activation plays critical roles in the process of atherosclerosis. (usda.gov)
The science of PRP (platelet-rich plasma) involves the critical roles of platelets and growth factors in hair restoration. (simplyradiant-lv.com)

Since the concentrations of GABA were approximated at 98.6±33.9 ng/ml (~0.7-1.3 M) in human plasma, the pharmacological concentration of GABA (0.5~1 μM) employed to inhibit platelet aggregation are reasonable. (tmu.edu.tw)
17. Dhurat R, Sukesh MS. Principles and methods of preparation of platelet-rich plasma: A review and author's perspective. (sciendo.com)
The PRP injection for hair uses the patient's own platelet-rich plasma, making it a natural and minimally invasive treatment. (simplyradiant-lv.com)
This centrifuge works by spinning the blood at high velocities, causing the platelets to concentrate in a segment of the plasma. (simplyradiant-lv.com)
The result is platelet-rich plasma, or PRP, which is rich in growth factors that are instrumental in cell regeneration and tissue repair. (simplyradiant-lv.com)

The platelets arise from the fragmentation of the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood as disc-shaped anucleate particles for 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
Thrombopoietin helps control the number of circulating platelets by stimulating the bone marrow to produce megakaryocytes. (msdmanuals.com)

Upon prolonged high intracellular rises in Ca 2+ , platelets develop a procoagulant phenotype that is characterized by the surface membrane exposure of phosphatidylserine and by the inactivation of integrin α IIb β 3 (procoagulant platelet population) ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)

The EMP-PDI content and GP IIb/IIIa expression of mice platelets were determined. (aging-us.com)
On resting platelets, GP IIb/IIIa is unable to bind fibrinogen or vWf. (medscape.com)

Autoimmune anti-HIV-1gp120 antibody with antiidiotype-like activity in sera and immune complexes of HIV-1-related immunologic thrombocytopenia. (jci.org)
We suggest that the anti-HIV-1gp120 antiidiotype-like complex contributes to the markedly elevated platelet Ig and C3 level of HIV-1-ITP patients and propose that this may contribute to their thrombocytopenia. (jci.org)

However, platelets are also important contributors to thrombotic disorders, including atherothrombosis, which are the final events complicating cardiovascular diseases ( 2 - 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
While most study participants had FXIII activity levels within the normal range, "patients with higher FXIII activity are more likely to have circulatory disorders in their hands," the researchers noted. (scleroderma.org.au)
Hereditary intrinsic platelet disorders are rare and cause lifelong bleeding tendencies. (msdmanuals.com)
Hereditary intrinsic platelet disorders can involve defects in any of these substrates and steps. (msdmanuals.com)

In addition, when platelets are activated, negatively charged phospholipids move from the inner to the outer leaflet of the membrane bilayer. (medscape.com)

Platelets have a "key role" in atherogenesis and its thrombotic complications in subjects with DM. (hindawi.com)
Platelets have a "key role" in atherogenesis and its thrombotic complications in subjects with DM [ 3 ], and the concomitant presence of multiple "classical" cardiovascular risk factors (arterial hypertension, cigarette smoking, and hyperlipidemia) in diabetic subjects contributes to enhanced atherothrombotic risk. (hindawi.com)

Submission for special issue : The role of platelet activation in the pathophysiology of HIV, tuberculosis, and pneumococcal disease. (up.ac.za)

In addition to the procoagulant activity, it also has mitogenic and pro-inflammatory activities. (medscape.com)

Specific Aim 2 (2nd year): To determine whether inhibition of NF-B (p65/p50) (IKKβ phosphorylation, IκBα degradation, and p65 phosphorylation) contributes to GABA-mediated inhibitory effect in platelet activation, and to clarify the relationship between NF-κB and GABA-mediated signaling events (i.e., cyclic nucleotides, PLCγ2-IP3-PKC cascades, and MAPK, etc). (tmu.edu.tw)
We also describe how the proteolytic activities are determined by different platelet populations in a thrombus and conversely how proteolysis contributes to the formation of such populations. (frontiersin.org)

Whereas the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay shows the type I repeats of TSP1 to be antiangiogenic, it also shows that the procollagen sequence lacks anti-angiogenic activity. (wikipedia.org)
We provide a comprehensive overview of the proteases acting on the platelet membrane. (frontiersin.org)
[ 8 ] Although any membrane surface that expresses anionic phospholipid can support prothrombinase complex assembly, the activated platelet surface is especially well suited for this purpose. (medscape.com)

Anatomy14

Organisms5

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs124

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Inhibited platelet aggregation2

Blood Platelets1

Human platelets5

Receptors13

Thrombin13

Thrombus formation7

Receptor15

Collagen5

Additional platelets2

Thrombosis8

Glycoprotein8

Amplification of platelet activation2

Endothelial cells2

Inhibit platelet activation1

Expression on platelets2

Vascular3

Mechanisms6

Vitro2

Protein20

Changes in platelet1

Effect on platelet2

Adhesion of platelets1

Factor15

Apoptosis4

Reactivity2

Binds2

Assess platelet2

Anti-platelet3

Normal platelet2

PDGF2

Proteins5

Coagulation1

Inhibitor3

Pathways2

Agonists1

Accompanied inactivation1

Inhibitory effects3

Significantly4

Granules5

Hemostasis2

Regulation1

Flow cytometry3

Interactions5

Mechanism3

Transfusion4

Leukocyte1

Function6

Roles2

Plasma5

Megakaryocytes2

Phenotype1

IIIa2

Thrombocytopenia2

Disorders4

Negatively charged1

Thrombotic2

Pathophysiology1

Procoagulant1

Contributes2

Membrane3