Plasticity cognitive reserve. Medical search. Frequent questions

Second, these antibodies impair the induction of synaptic plasticity, rebound potentiation, and LTD, on Purkinje cells, resulting in loss of restoration and compensation of the distorted "internal models. (springer.com)
This catchphrase was popularized after the discovery of Hebb's rule, in relation to long term potentiation and neural synaptic plasticity. (syngli.com)
Cognitive impairment is a common symptom of MS. GSH and Glu, keeping a homeostasis in the stable stage, were considered as key players in oxidative stress defending and synaptic plasticity, respectively. (ismrm.org)
Cellular changes, such as better vasculature, provide more oxygen-rich blood to the brain and enhance the neurotransmission by improving synaptic plasticity. (obvus.me)
The synaptic plasticity is the ability of two neurons to talk to each other. (obvus.me)

This cross-sectional study investigated the association and interplay between musical instrument playing during life, multi-domain cognitive abilities and brain morphology in older adults (OA) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study. (tu-dresden.de)
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition in which a person has mild memory problems but can still function normally in daily life. (torontohearing.ca)
Cognitive impairment strongly affects people with multiple sclerosis (MS). It comprises multifactorial symptoms and no consistent treatments are available to date. (unimib.it)
Although cognitive impairment has been observed in all stages of the disease, the majority of studies mainly focused on a specific clinical phenotype (primarily relapsing-remitting MS) or did not differentiate between MS subtypes. (unimib.it)
Dr. McEwen is a senior research scientist at the Providence St. John's Health Center, Pacific Brain Health Center in Santa Monica, California, where she conducts precision medicine, randomized controlled trial research in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease. (drtalks.com)
She is currently a co-investigator on an NIMH R1 of exercise and cognitive training in psychosis patients and national Parkinson's Foundation Award, looking at the differential effects of motor and aerobic fitness on brain circuitry in Parkinson's patients, with mild cognitive impairment. (drtalks.com)
Dr. McEwen is also currently the primary investigator of NIA R21, she's conducting the Pacific Brain Health Center to study the effects of a digitally delivered home-based exercise and compensatory memory training program in patients with mild cognitive impairment. (drtalks.com)
This is an important trial to conduct in this emerging field of combinational early cognitive remediation interventions in mild cognitive impairment, should prevent the progression to Alzheimer's disease. (drtalks.com)
People over 70 who consumed more than 2,143 calories a day doubled their risk of memory loss and mild cognitive impairment. (takeinformation.com)
Recent research has shown overeating may double the risk of memory loss and mild cognitive impairment. (takeinformation.com)
The study found the higher the number of calories consumed each day, the higher the risk of cognitive impairment. (takeinformation.com)
Researchers found that eating more than 2,000 calories a day DOUBLES THE RISK for developing cognitive impairment. (takeinformation.com)
They also found people who consumed less than 1,500 calories a day experienced NO INCREASED RISK of cognitive impairment. (takeinformation.com)
We aim to explore the changes of GSH and Glu levels and GSH-Glu couplings in RRMS and their association with cognitive impairment. (ismrm.org)
Our findings indicate that oxidative stress and glutamatergic dysfunction may contribute to cognitive impairment of MS in a regional specificity manner. (ismrm.org)
Hippocampal GSH-Glu decoupling may offer a crucial noninvasive measure of early cognitive impairment and provide a new strategy for the treatment of MS patients. (ismrm.org)
A study from the Mayo Clinic, published in Archives of Neurology , determined that moderate exercise such as aerobic group training, aerobic resistance training, hiking, walking and swimming in clients 50-65 years old and older reduced the odds of developing mild cognitive impairment by 35 percent. (obvus.me)
i) Review : Mindfulness, meditation, cognition and stress in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia, mild cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive decline - 2018. (iangawler.com)
Mindfulness and meditation: treating cognitive impairment and reducing stress in dementia. (iangawler.com)
High levels of chronic stress negatively impact the hippocampus and are associated with increased incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease(AD). (iangawler.com)
The results of this study in human brain samples and in transgenic mice are consistent with the hypothesis that Shank3 deficiency makes a key contribution to cognitive impairment in AD. (jneurosci.org)
Data gathered in a novel transgenic mouse suggest that Shank3a deficiency synergizes with AD neuropathology to induce cognitive impairment, consistent with a causal role in AD. (jneurosci.org)

Brain reserve refers to the brain structures that provide resilience against neurodegenerative diseases. (bigthink.com)
Brain reserve specifically references individual differences in the brain's structural properties that affords one resilience against neurodegenerative diseases. (bigthink.com)
The risk of dementia is associated with lower cognitive reserve and resilience. (draconews.com)
Cognitive resilience in later life may be enhanced by building brain reserve earlier in life through education and other intellectual stimulation. (draconews.com)
In particular, Dr. Santarnecchi's research is centered around the development of personalized, network-based Noninvasive Brain Stimulation (NiBS) approaches to modulate brain plasticity, guide connectome rewiring, boost resilience and enhance cognitive function and reserve, with the ultimate goal of promoting brain health and healthy aging. (harvard.edu)
My current main research focus is to determine what confers cognitive resilience in the ageing population and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. (ccc-lab.org)
The eventual aim is to help discover a pharmacological intervention that could boost cognitive resilience in such patients. (ccc-lab.org)
Some scientists are researching how early exercise in childhood can increase the brain's resilience by stimulating cell growth and creating a cognitive reserve to protect from decline later in life. (obvus.me)
Some data suggest that participating in reading, writing, and playing games enhances cognitive resilience, which may have protective benefits in delaying the onset of cognitive decline. (kathypikephd.com)

In the elderly, the concerns relative to the intellectual and cognitive integrity are important and often related with the eventuality of suffering from Alzheimer's disease. (bvsalud.org)
People with large brain reserves can circumvent Alzheimer's. (bigthink.com)
Cognitive reserve is an individual's ability to avoid cognitive symptoms even when affected by a pathology such as Alzheimer's disease. (bigthink.com)
Regular musical activity as a complex multimodal lifestyle activity is proposed to be protective against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. (tu-dresden.de)
Irreversible causes of cognitive decline include neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, as well as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and other neurological disorders. (torontohearing.ca)
The hypothesis is that cognitive activity, including playing games, creates a kind of cognitive reserve that may delay the onset of dementia in Alzheimer's Disease by as much as five years. (kathypikephd.com)

Personalized cognitive stimulation for each family member. (cognifit.com)
This neuroscientific platform has been specifically designed to help families to detect cognitive difficulties, carry out mental stimulation exercises, manage and monitor different activities to help improve cognitive difficulties. (cognifit.com)
To apply personalized cognitive stimulation programs for each family member through cognitive exercises. (cognifit.com)
By prioritizing mental stimulation, healthy lifestyle habits, and building cognitive reserve, we can work to maintain and even improve brain health as we age. (hitoshin.com)
his team is investigating how to combine brain connectomics and noninvasive brain stimulation to maximize the effect of psychotherapy by increasing brain plasticity or by consolidating clinical effects during sleep. (harvard.edu)
Cognitive stimulation comes in a variety of types: intellectual/mental, physical, or social. (syngli.com)
Dance is seen as viable therapy because it simultaneously combines physical and cognitive stimulation, which could maximize its impact on neuroplasticity and cognition . (biomedcentral.com)

Dementia is the general name for a decline in cognitive abilities that impacts a person's ability to perform everyday activities. (wikipedia.org)
Cognitive functioning includes cognitive abilities, such as episodic memory (EM) and executive functions (EFs). (springer.com)
Help stimulate your family's cognitive skills: Evaluate their abilities and help stimulate their brain. (cognifit.com)
A central question in cognitive neuroscience concerns how individuals cognitive abilities are shaped by learning from experience. (web.app)
However, the association between gray matter volume in distributed frontal-to-temporal regions and cognitive abilities was enhanced in participants with musical activity compared to controls. (tu-dresden.de)
We show that playing a musical instrument during life relates to better late-life cognitive abilities and greater brain capacities in OA. (tu-dresden.de)
Cognitive decline refers to the gradual loss of cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, reasoning, and decision-making. (torontohearing.ca)
Dementia is a broad term used to describe a decline in cognitive abilities that is severe enough to interfere with daily activities. (torontohearing.ca)
Over time, our cognitive abilities begin to decline. (takeinformation.com)
You can potentially reduce further decline and improve your cognitive abilities. (obvus.me)

The impacts of bilingualism upon the human brain, specifically in terms of the neuroplastic and neurofunctional changes upon general cognitive functions and on cognitive decline, are currently attracting much attention not only from the neuroscience and psycholinguistic communities but also from the general public. (web.app)
Jun 30, 2009 neural plasticity the brain s ability to change in response to normal developmental processes, experience, and injuryis a critically important phenomenon for both neuroscience and psychology. (web.app)
Dr. McEwen has a PhD in Psychology and completed her NIH T32 Fellowship in Cognitive Neuroscience in the UCLA Department of Psychology. (drtalks.com)
I did a neurology residency at [the University of Pennsylvania] after receiving my MD/PhD at UCSF, then went to Berkeley for a postdoc in human cognitive neuroscience, and then I went back to UCSF. (medscape.com)
My goal was basic cognitive neuroscience to understand neural networks and the aging brain. (medscape.com)

Can cochlear implantation prevent cognitive decline in the long-term follow-up? (frontiersin.org)
Large multicenter studies using standardized protocols have to be undertaken in the future to find out whether hearing restoration might help to prevent cognitive decline. (frontiersin.org)
This cognitive enrichment strengthens reserves that can help prevent cognitive decline with age. (artwheel.net)
It may also help prevent cognitive decline and memory loss. (takeinformation.com)

A diagnosis of dementia requires the observation of a change from a person's usual mental functioning and a greater cognitive decline than what is caused by normal aging. (wikipedia.org)
Dementia is listed as an acquired brain syndrome, marked by a decline in cognitive function, and is contrasted with neurodevelopmental disorders. (wikipedia.org)
As hearing loss is proposed to be one modifiable risk factor for dementia, the impact of auditory rehabilitation on cognitive decline has been gaining increasing attention. (frontiersin.org)
Declining cognitive functioning and dementia are major Public Health challenges [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
Studies have shown that individuals with untreated hearing loss are more likely to experience cognitive decline and develop dementia than those with normal hearing. (torontohearing.ca)

This skill-your brain's ability to change itself throughout your life through its ability to transfer functions to different regions-is the basis of cognitive reserve. (bigthink.com)
Cognitive reserve refers to the brain's ability to compensate for age-related changes and damage, and it is influenced by factors such as education, occupation, and intellectual engagement. (hitoshin.com)
Brain exercise can help you improve your brain's cognitive reserves and slow down the risks of memory loss and other difficulties. (takeinformation.com)

What are brain reserve and cognitive reserve? (bigthink.com)

These symptoms may result from impairments in cognitive inhibition. (wikipedia.org)

Cognitive function and hearing are known to both decline in older adults. (frontiersin.org)
The observed trajectories of two exemplary cognitive subdomains (delayed recall and working memory) were then fitted over time using multilevel growth models to adjust for sociodemographic covariates and compared with 5-year longitudinal data from a sample of older adults from the representative Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) study. (frontiersin.org)
She is currently directing a multi-year grant that provides cognitive fitness programs for older adults at Laurel Lake Retirement Community in Hudson, Ohio. (nursingworld.org)
A research study authored by psychology professor Ellen Bialystok and colleagues from York University sought to determine whether language learning was effective at boosting cognitive health among older adults. (syngli.com)
Increasing evidence indicates that music engages a large-scale bilateral network in the brain and that regular musical activities can have positive effects on cognitive, emotional, and social well-being and brain structure and function, also in older adults. (helsinki.fi)

The concept of cognitive reserve also challenges the idea of inevitable brain decline. (hitoshin.com)
The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) attempts to explain interindividual variability in susceptibility to changes in brain function in pathological, but also normal aging of the brain [ 1 , 2 ]. (scienceopen.com)

Researching neuroplasticity and nonsynaptic plasticity can lead to a better understanding of how the brain adapts as well as how a normal brain functions. (web.app)
Neuroplasticity and the developing brain -- The basics of brain development -- Etiology and neurological effects of perinatal stroke -- Somatosensory and motor processes -- Visuospatial processes -- Attention, memory, and executive functions -- Early communicative development to first words -- Later language development : syntax and discourse -- Plasticity of overall intellectual functioning : evidence from standardized tests -- Clinical implications -- Toward and integrative model of neurobehavioral development. (psu.edu)
Previous studies suggest that singing is a highly complex and versatile activity for the human brain and that long-term singing training induces various auditory-cognitive benefits and neuroplasticity changes. (helsinki.fi)

In addition to preserving a good physical constitution, maintaining cognitive function is quite important ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)

However, the neural basis of perceptual plasticity relevant to conscious experiences remains very much open to exploration. (ccc-lab.org)
Thus, training induced synaesthetic experiences offer an opportunity to study perceptual plasticity relevant to conscious experiences. (ccc-lab.org)

Research in all three areas has not only provided some fascinating insights into bilingualism but also revealed new issues related to brain plasticity and language learning. (web.app)
Craik F. M. I., Bialystok E., Freedman M., 2010 "Delaying the onset of Alzheimer disease: Bilingualism as a form of cognitive reserve", in Neurology, 75, pp.1726-1729. (uniba.it)

As the population ages, there is a growing interest towards lifestyle-related factors, including physical and cognitive activity, which can increase cognitive reserve and improve functioning in older age. (helsinki.fi)

Aging characterized by progressive loss and decline of memory and cognitive capacities leads to a negative vision of cognitive aging. (bvsalud.org)
Human memory and cognitive capabilities: Mechanisms and performances Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 409-422. (uniba.it)

This thesis wished to improve the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the accumulation of cognitive dysfunction in patients with relapse-onset MS by combining different advanced structural and functional MRI techniques. (unimib.it)

Cognitive and behavioral interventions may be appropriate for treating associated symptoms of depression. (wikipedia.org)
Sugar reduces neuronal and behavioral plasticity that is associated with a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). (takeinformation.com)

As no causal treatment exists to reverse cognitive decline, efforts must focus on prevention ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, the question arises: can auditory rehabilitation via hearing devices in middle age delay or even reverse cognitive decline ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Addressing these underlying issues can often improve or even reverse cognitive decline. (torontohearing.ca)

An individual with a substantial brain reserve is able to tolerate age-related changes without showing clinical symptoms of disease. (bigthink.com)
There are several classes of cognitive decline, each with its symptoms and causes. (torontohearing.ca)
The postsynaptic protein Shank3 (SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains) is of particular interest, as the loss of a single allele of the SHANK3 gene is sufficient to cause profound cognitive symptoms in children. (jneurosci.org)
Neurologic music therapy (NMT), a specially designed intervention targeting movement, balance, and cognitive functioning, improves depressive symptoms and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), early results of a small study suggest. (medscape.com)

Cognitive remediation - where are we now and what should we do next? (faculti.net)

One commonly used cognitive test is the mini-mental state examination. (wikipedia.org)

We examined in Vietnam War veterans whether a caregiver's attachment style is associated with patient cognitive trajectory after traumatic brain injury (TBI) over a period of 40 years. (unil.ch)

This account is specially designed to help researchers with their studies in the cognitive areas. (cognifit.com)
during this e-book, really expert researchers current the hot country of information in regards to the cognitive functioning of contact. (irakaufman.com)

We first found a 30%-50% postmortem loss of SHANK3a associated with cognitive decline in the parietal cortex of individuals with AD. (jneurosci.org)

Acquiring new motor skills like pottery wheel throwing promotes plasticity as the brain forms new neural pathways and patterns of activation. (artwheel.net)

The cerebellum is one brain structure that contributes to brain reserve. (bigthink.com)

By the using of causal algebra, cognitive map (CC) become not only a graphical representation of a person's beliefs, an agent or a particular area but also can capture the causal relationships existing between the concepts of a given system in a simple manner. (scirp.org)

Cette étude clinique est un essai randomisé contrôlé dont le but est d'améliorer le fonctionnement cognitif, sensorimoteur et cérébral des patients en trouble neurocognitif léger (TNCL ou MCI en anglais), par deux interventions expérimentales distinctes comparées à un groupe contrôle passif. (hes-so.ch)
Les interventions musicales et psychomotrices sont dispensées deux fois 45 minutes par semaine sur 6 mois, en petit groupe (n~2-4). (hes-so.ch)

To carry out a complete cognitive function screening of each member of the family. (cognifit.com)
As we age, we often hear that our brains will inevitably decline, leading to memory loss, decreased cognitive function, and other mental health issues. (hitoshin.com)
Linguistic and cognitive processes interact across the lifespan, with linguistic function tied to development of cognitive control throughout childhood and to its decline during aging comalli et al. (web.app)
3 ] proposed four factors (general intelligence ("g"), complex mental activity, processing resources, and executive function) as "potential reserve proxies" for CR in normal aging. (scienceopen.com)
While some believe hearing is just an auditory function, recent studies suggest a much deeper connection between hearing loss and cognitive decline - one which has yet to be fully understood. (torontohearing.ca)
At Solcere, Dr. Sandison and her team of doctors and health coaches focus primarily on supporting patients looking to optimize cognitive function, prevent mental decline, and reverse. (drtalks.com)
While learning different things requires various cognitive functions, memory consolidation is an essential function across the board. (takeinformation.com)
Observational studies report that physically fit individuals perform better on cognitive function tests and have faster psychomotor speed than sedentary counterparts. (obvus.me)
The participants are followed for a duration of three years using (i) questionnaires on cognitive functioning, mood, social functioning, and quality of life at 6-month intervals as well as (ii) neuropsychological testing of memory, attention, and executive function and (iii) electroencephalography (EEG) measurements of auditory sensory memory and attention at 12-month intervals. (helsinki.fi)
It was a small pilot study of 18 subjects, where ten of the dance participants showed an improvement in cognitive function and mood compared to the eight who did not dance. (biomedcentral.com)

Pottery specifically can reduce stress, integrate brain hemispheres, and improve cognitive reserve - providing important mental health advantages. (artwheel.net)
In this way, we expand what we are capable of and simultaneously enhance brain plasticity and improve cognitive performance. (thehealersjournal.com)
Can taking 10-second breaks improve cognitive performance? (syngli.com)
Activities that challenge us, such as playing chess or solving brain teasers, can help prevent memory problems and improve certain aspects of cognitive functioning . (kathypikephd.com)
Play can engage our imagination and promote positive neural plasticity, meaning that we can rewire our brains in ways that improve well-being. (kathypikephd.com)

We also explored the relationship between functional network alterations and clinical, cognitive, behavioural and structural MRI measures of disease-related damage. (unimib.it)

First, we applied functional MRI (fMRI) to assess brain functional reorganization in relation to different cognitive tasks (face encoding and N-back) in patients with the main relapse-onset clinical phenotypes. (unimib.it)
Our results provide new evidence for the debate about adaptive/maladaptive functional reorganization in MS, specifically in relation to the clinical and cognitive characteristics of MS phenotypes. (unimib.it)
Dr. McEwen is a Cognitive Psychologist and has 15 years of research experience in both academic and clinical settings. (drtalks.com)

Musical activity may serve as a multimodal enrichment strategy that could help preserve cognitive and brain health in late life. (tu-dresden.de)

Since adults with MCI still have brain plasticity,[ 20 ] we hypothesized that adults with MCI would be able to learn and benefit from mindfulness meditation and yoga. (iangawler.com)

Specifically , "The term 'cognitive reserve' is thus meant to represent physiological robustness within functional brain networks, while the term 'brain reserve' refers to differences in available structural neural substrates. (bigthink.com)
Oct, 2004 we used a whole brain unbiased objective technique, known as voxelbased morphometry vbm 2,3, to investigate structural plasticity in healthy righthanded english and italian bilinguals. (web.app)

Auditory rehabilitation by cochlear implantation has a stimulating effect on cognitive functions beyond an improvement in speech understanding and an increased well-being. (frontiersin.org)
The purpose of this study is to determine the long-term effects of regular choir singing on normal ageing in terms of domain-general cognitive functioning, emotional and social well-being, and specific auditory-cognitive brain processes crucial for perceiving the changing sound environment. (helsinki.fi)

You have a very interesting background, not just in neurology but also the cognitive background. (medscape.com)

Cette étude examinera les bienfaits potentiels de trois types d'interventions : « Orchestre en Classe », « Arts Visuels » et « Culture » sur la cognition et le développement cérébral des jeunes enfants. (hes-so.ch)

Ageing is known to bring about different compensatory neural changes, such as a shift towards using more bilateral and prefrontal resources when performing cognitive or verbal tasks, to counter gradual cognitive decline. (helsinki.fi)

The goal of this article is to question this negative vision by presenting empirical arguments to establish that cognitive aging is extremely variable among individuals, that it can be adapted and also highly plastic. (bvsalud.org)
Limited research is available on the relationship between social stress and risk of declining cognitive functioning in aging individuals. (springer.com)
Individuals with higher cognitive reserve may experience less cognitive decline with aging, suggesting that the brain can adapt and compensate for changes. (hitoshin.com)

Dr. Biermann received her BA in Mathematics from Valparaiso University, her MBA from Cleveland State University, and her PhD in Operations Research from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. (nursingworld.org)
A growing body of research suggests a strong relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline. (torontohearing.ca)
This site reports research related to the cognitive training industry and the human brain. (learningrx.org)
Today, research into what's referred to as "brain plasticity" has proven that this is not the case. (thehealersjournal.com)
Aside from toxicity, our modern lifestyle plays a part in cognitive decline, as described by Dr. Michael Merzenich, professor emeritus at the University of California, who has pioneered research in brain plasticity for more than 30 years. (thehealersjournal.com)
What Research Or Studies Support The Effectiveness Of Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy? (entirememory.com)
Current research projects include how phenotypic plasticity influences adaptive diversification, the evolutionary causes and consequences of extra-genetic inheritance, and the genetic, developmental and ecological factors underlying evolution through introgressive hybridization. (lu.se)

There are other instances of teachers returning to work after having a stroke even though brain tissue associated with cognitive tasks has been destroyed. (bigthink.com)

Based on this framework, one would predict that subjects with higher functional brain reserve would also show higher performance in such a task because they can activate more cognitive resources in this condition. (scienceopen.com)

Education increases branching of nerve cells and plasticity (the ability to change through growth and reorganization), increasing brain reserve. (draconews.com)

ABSTRACT: This paper takes the basic mathematical operations required to manipulate the cognitive maps. (scirp.org)

We found a significant but variable gain and identified verbal memory, cognitive flexibility, and problem-solving as significant factors. (scienceopen.com)

Choir singing involves many sensory-motor, cognitive, linguistic, emotional, and social processes, which makes it a promising tool for promoting psychological well-being in normal ageing. (helsinki.fi)

In this study, we applied a testing-the-limits paradigm to a group of 136 healthy elderly subjects (60-75 years) and additionally examined the possible contribution of complex mental activities and quality of sleep to cognitive performance gain. (scienceopen.com)

Participants reporting having played a musical instrument across three life periods (n = 70) were compared to controls without a history of musical instrument playing (n = 70), well-matched for reserve proxies of education, intelligence, socioeconomic status and physical activity. (tu-dresden.de)

Anatomy1

Diseases4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Psychiatry and Psychology11

Phenomena and Processes2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science2

Health Care1

Synaptic plasticity5

ImPairmEnt22

Resilience9

Alzheimer's6

Stimulation7

Abilities10

Neuroscience5

Prevent cognitive decline4

Dementia5

Brain's3

Brain reserve and cognitive reserve1

Impairments in cognitive1

Older adults5

Concept of cognitive reserve2

Neuroplasticity3

Maintaining cognitive function1

Perceptual2

Bilingualism2

Physical and cognitive1

Memory and cognitive2

Dysfunction1

Behavioral2

Reverse cognitive3

Symptoms4

Remediation1

Mini-mental stat1

Traumatic brain1

Researchers2

Parietal cortex1

Neural pathways1

Cerebellum1

Causal1

Interventions2

Function10

Improve5

Behavioural1

Clinical3

Enrichment1

Mindfulness1

Structural2

Auditory2

Neurology1

Cognition1

Gradual1

Individuals3

Research7

Tasks1

Functional brain1

Reorganization1

Abstract1

Verbal1

Linguistic1

Elderly1

Participants1