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Cell MembraneCadherinsIntegrin beta3Membrane LipidsIntegrin alphaVbeta3MembranesIntegrinsIntracellular MembranesIntegrin alpha5beta1Cell AdhesionIntegrin beta ChainsMembrane PotentialsPlasmaIntegrin alpha3beta1Integrin alpha5Integrin alpha6Integrin alpha ChainsIntegrin beta4Antigens, CD29Membranes, ArtificialProtein TransportIntegrin alphaVIntegrin alpha2Integrin alpha4Cell LineProtein BindingMolecular Sequence DataIntegrin alpha2beta1Amino Acid SequenceMembrane FluidityCells, CulturedIntegrin alpha6beta4Erythrocyte MembraneCell Membrane PermeabilityProtein Structure, TertiaryIntegrin alpha1beta1Integrin alpha3Integrin alpha1CateninsMicroscopy, ElectronSignal TransductionMembrane ProteinsEndocytosisCalciumIntegrin alpha6beta1Microscopy, Fluorescencealpha CateninCell FractionationMembrane GlycoproteinsBasement MembranePlasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPasesCytoskeletal ProteinsModels, BiologicalRecombinant Fusion ProteinsMutationCarrier ProteinsCricetinaeMicroscopy, ConfocalTransfectionCytoplasmFluorescent Antibody TechniqueMembrane Transport ProteinsIntercellular JunctionsGolgi ApparatusCHO CellsSubcellular FractionsCytoskeletonCell MovementTime FactorsCell Adhesion MoleculesFibronectinsAdherens JunctionsBinding SitesActinsAntigens, CDReceptors, VitronectinBiological TransportKineticsBlotting, WesternDesmoplakinsExocytosisElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gelgamma CateninEndoplasmic ReticulumBase SequenceMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronRecombinant ProteinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsEndosomesSynaptic MembranesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLipid BilayersDesmogleinsDetergentsCell Polaritybeta CateninImmunohistochemistryCholesterolDogsSequence Homology, Amino Acid

Extracellular matrixProteinsReceptorsIntracellularFocalTransmembraneSubunitEpithelial cellsActin cytoskeleton2017HemidesmosomesKnockout mouseAntibodiesMetastasisInteractsLipidDesmosomalComplexesEndothelial cellsBasement membrane componentsVinculinLigandAngiogenesisAdhesion strengthBasalEndocytosisConsistsTissuesPalmitoylationPhenotypeKnockdownConformational2023InteractionsCytoplasmicMigrationMediateJunctionMotilityPromoterReceptorPhysiologicalPathwaysFunctionRegulationImportantCellsNeurons

Extracellular matrix12

• This results in a severe blistering of the skin, withleakage of body fluids into the loosened epithelium.Anchoring Junctions Formed by Integrins Bind Cells to theExtracellular Matrix: Focal Adhesions andHemidesmosomesSome anchoring junctions bind cells to the extracellular matrix rather than toother cells. (ostatic.com)
• The transmembrane adhesion proteins in these cell-matrixjunctions are integrins a large family of proteins distinct from the cadherins.Focal adhesions enable cells to get a hold on the extracellular matrix through integrins that link intracellularly to actin filaments. (ostatic.com)
• They are assembled into large adhesion complexes (integrin-based focal adhesions and cadherin-based adherens junctions) and via actin-binding proteins play an important role in mechanical coupling the cell to other cells as well to the extracellular matrix (ECM). (universiteitleiden.nl)
• The ability of integrins to mechanically connect extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton allows the structural continuity between the internal and external environments of the cell. (uvigo.es)
• Furthermore, integrins may change the behavior of the cell according to the molecular composition of the extracellular matrix (they behave like receptors). (uvigo.es)
• The strength of the adhesion of a cell to the extracellular matrix depends on the number, the active state and type of integrins that are expressed in the plasma membrane. (uvigo.es)
• Integrin allosteric changes, clustering, and trafficking cooperate to regulate cell adhesion and motility on extracellular matrix proteins via mechanisms that are partly defined. (life-science-alliance.org)
• Integrins are proteins that function mechanically, by attaching the cell cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and biochemically, by sensing whether adhesion has occurred. (mechanobio.info)
• Endothelial cells, which form the inner lining of microvessels, create this semipermeable barrier via a combination of cellular junctions, their glycocalyx, and the basement membrane that consists of vessel-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• β1 integrin is the major β integrin subunit in pancreatic beta-cells and forms heterodimers with 12 α integrin subunits, which interact with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to control intracellular signaling via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
• The main function of metalloproteinases is to degrade extracellular matrix and basement membrane components. (medscape.com)
• GAGs bound into PGs are located to the extracellular matrix, basal membrane, and cell surface [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

Proteins9

• Biological Function Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins (PubMed:11976333). (qedbio.com)
• Affected individuals make antibodiesagainst one of their own desmosomal cadherin proteins. (ostatic.com)
• These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane proteins. (hindlish.com)
• Cell adhesion relies on transmembrane proteins, known as adhesion proteins , found in the plasma membrane. (uvigo.es)
• A breakthrough for the identification of the proteome of the presynaptic active zone was the successful employment of antibodies directed against a cytosolic epitope of membrane integral synaptic vesicle proteins for the immunopurification of synaptic vesicles docked to the presynaptic plasma membrane. (mdpi.com)
• Docking protein 5 (DOK5) is a member of the docking protein group of membrane proteins and is an adapter protein involved in signal transduction. (hindawi.com)
• The integrin family of proteins consists of alpha and beta subtypes, which form transmembrane heterodimers. (mechanobio.info)
• Integrins function as adhesion receptors for extracellular ligands and transduce biochemical signals into the cell, through downstream effector proteins. (mechanobio.info)
• Membrane embedded proteins are functionally regulated by the lipid composition of the surrounding bilayer. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Receptors4

• Two important classes of cell surface receptors that mediate cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesions are integrins and cadherins, respectively. (universiteitleiden.nl)
• Heightened response of a tissue or organ following denervation due, in part, to an up-regulation of receptors on the post-synaptic membrane. (vivekkarn.com.np)
• Cell membranes are highly enriched in signaling receptors, transmembrane mechanosensors, pumps and channels, and, depending on their makeup, can recruit and retain a pool of mechanosensors important in the field of mechanobiology. (mechanobio.info)
• The exchange of GDP to GTP and thus the activation of Rho GTPases is catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which act downstream of numerous growth factor receptors, integrins, cytokine receptors, and cadherins. (biomedcentral.com)

Intracellular6

• This is possible because the adhesion state of integrins is transmitted to their intracellular domain by conformational change, triggering molecular interaction cascades in the cytosol, that eventually change gene expression. (uvigo.es)
• Cells, in turn, may regulate the strength of adhesion by increasing or decreasing the number of integrins, by synthesizing different integrin subunit subtypes, or by changing the adhesion affinity after modulation of the intracellular domain, which in turn will modify the adhesion ability of the extracellular domain. (uvigo.es)
• Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
• CD47 is a 50 kDa membrane receptor that has extracellular N-terminal IgV domain , five transmembrane domains , and a short C-terminal intracellular tail. (wikidoc.org)
• It is likely that intracellular and membrane-associated partners are crucial in determining the cellular response of CD47 signaling. (wikidoc.org)
• PGs, molecules which consist of a protein core that is covalently modified with GAG chains, are distributed both to the ECM "proper" associated with the cell membrane as well as located to intracellular compartment. (hindawi.com)

Focal2

• 2017. Actin retrograde flow actively aligns and orients ligand-engaged integrins in focal adhesions. . (ncbs.res.in)
• The best-characterized molecules are Rho, which controls the stress fibers and focal adhesion formation, and Rac and Cdc42, which regulate membrane ruffling, and filopodium formation, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

Transmembrane3

• CD47 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 47) also known as integrin associated protein (IAP) is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the CD47 gene . (wikidoc.org)
• Each integrin heterodimer consists of an alpha (α) and a beta (β) subunit associated by noncovalent interactions forming an extracellular ligand-binding head, two multi-domain `legs', two single-pas s transmembrane helices and two short cytoplasmic tails. (mechanobio.info)
• Here we uncover structural motifs required for ceramide interaction with the four membrane spanning Lysosome Associated Protein Transmembrane 4B (LAPTM4B). (sphingolipidclub.com)

Subunit3

• Integrin α subunit domains: Top: Linear domain arrangement. (mechanobio.info)
• Bottom: simplified version of the integrin α subunit. (mechanobio.info)
• The β subunit comprises of 4 cysteine-rich epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats, a hybrid domain (split in sequence), an I-like domain (βI) and a plexin-sempahorin-integrin (PSI) domain. (mechanobio.info)

Epithelial cells1

• Background E-cadherin is a calcium-dependent intercellular adhesion molecule encoded by the CDH1 gene and present on epithelial cells. (qedbio.com)

Actin cytoskeleton2

• Besides providing an important structural basis for anchoring the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane, these adhesive structures can also influence signaling events that control important cellular processes, such as cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. (universiteitleiden.nl)
• The adherens junction provides strong cell-cell adhesion mediated by the cadherin-catenin complex via its linkage to the actin cytoskeleton ( Wheelock and Johnson, 2003 ). (rupress.org)

20171

• 2017. Direction of actin flow dictates integrin LFA-1 orientation during leukocyte migration. . (ncbs.res.in)

Hemidesmosomes1

• In hemidesmosomes, the cytosolic domains of integrins are connected to intermediate filaments, instead of actin filaments. (uvigo.es)

Knockout mouse1

• We utilized a mouse insulin 1 promoter driven tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase β1 integrin knockout mouse model (MIPβ1KO) to investigate β1 integrin function in adult pancreatic beta-cells. (oncotarget.com)

Antibodies2

• Anti-cadherin antibodies that block theformation of adherens junctions, for example, also block the formation of tightjunctions.Desmosomes Connect Intermediate Filaments from Cell toCellDesmosomes are buttonlike points of intercellular contact that rivet cellsTogether. (ostatic.com)
• By exploiting four monoclonal antibodies recognizing distinct conformational epitopes, we show that in endothelial cells (ECs), the extracellular βI domain, but not the hybrid or I-EGF2 domain of active β1 integrins, promotes their FAK-regulated clustering into tensin 1-containing fibrillar adhesions and impairs their endocytosis. (life-science-alliance.org)

Metastasis2

• Loss of E-cadherin function or expression has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. (qedbio.com)
• The deregulation of E-cadherin has been considered as a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

Interacts1

• CD47 interacts with several membrane integrins, most commonly integrin avb3. (wikidoc.org)

Lipid3

• Membrane glycosphingolipid (GSL) expression positively and sphingomyelin (SM) negatively correlated with multiploid cell formation, indicating the importance of lipid environment in the psychosine-mediated endomitosis. (sphingolipidclub.com)
• These data indicated that membrane lipid environment could be important for the proper mitotic event(s). (sphingolipidclub.com)
• Moreover, endomitotic cell cycles could be modulated by the lipid composition of the membrane among GSL, SM and phosphoinositides. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Desmosomal1

• Modulation of the palmitoylation status of desmosomal cadherins can affect desmosome dynamics. (cusabio.com)

Complexes1

• These interactions result in CD47/integrin complexes that affect a range of cell functions including adhesion, spreading and migration. (wikidoc.org)

Endothelial cells6

• Endothelial cells express two classic cadherins, VE-cadherin and N-cadherin. (rupress.org)
• however, the function of N-cadherin in endothelial cells remains poorly understood. (rupress.org)
• To investigate the role of N-cadherin in vascular development, N-cadherin was specifically deleted from endothelial cells in mice. (rupress.org)
• Loss of N-cadherin in endothelial cells results in embryonic lethality at mid-gestation due to severe vascular defects. (rupress.org)
• The down-regulation of both VE-cadherin and p120ctn was confirmed in cultured endothelial cells using small interfering RNA to knockdown N-cadherin. (rupress.org)
• Embedded within the basement membrane and in direct contact with endothelial cells are pericytes, which are crucial for microvessel maturation, maintenance, as well as proper function. (biomedcentral.com)

Basement membrane components2

• We thus hypothesized that MMC will promote the accumulation of vascular ECM (basement membrane) components and lead to a stabilization of MVN with improved functionality. (biomedcentral.com)
• MMC promoted the enrichment of cellular junctions and basement membrane components, while reducing cellular contractility. (biomedcentral.com)

Vinculin1

• Vinculin, a plasma protein, links fibers to talin, which is a cell membrane protein. (medscape.com)

Ligand1

• It is a ligand for integrin alpha-E/beta-7. (qedbio.com)

Angiogenesis2

• These findings provide a novel paradigm by which N-cadherin regulates angiogenesis, in part, by controlling VE-cadherin expression at the cell membrane. (rupress.org)
• Modulation of integrin function is required in many physiological and pathological settings, such as angiogenesis and cancer. (life-science-alliance.org)

Adhesion strength1

• In general, the adhesion strength of integrins is weaker than that of other adhesion molecules. (uvigo.es)

Basal1

• They are a major component of the basal lamina (one of the layers of the basement membrane), a protein network foundation for most cells and organs. (pearltrees.com)

Endocytosis3

• For example, cells can change the type and amount of adhesion molecules in the plasma membrane by synthesis, degradation, or hidden them temporarily in internal compartments by endocytosis and exocytosis. (uvigo.es)
• From plasma membrane endocytosis to exosome secretion, the term "exosome biogenesis" refers to ILV formation in the late endosome, MVBs. (molcells.org)
• In addition, I will discuss recent studies demonstrating that SphK1 is recruited to sphingosine-enriched endocytic vesicles and that phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P by SphK1 is involved in endocytic membrane trafficking and autophagy and in the crosstalk between endocytosis and autophagy. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Consists5

• In mammals, integrins family consists of 18 alpha units and 3 beta units. (uvigo.es)
• Consists of cadherins. (vivekkarn.com.np)
• Consists of integrins. (vivekkarn.com.np)
• The GFRα family consists of four members, GFRα1, GFRα2, GFRα3 and GFRα4, located roughly extracellular and anchored to the plasma membrane by glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI). (medsci.org)
• The GFRα family consists of four members, GFRα1, GFRα2, GFRα3 and GFRα4, which are tethered to the plasma membrane through GPI anchors containing CRDs. (medsci.org)

Tissues3

• All epithelia is usually separated from underlying tissues by an extracellular fibrous basement membrane. (wikipedia.org)
• This may allow cancer cells to cross the basement membrane and invade surrounding tissues. (qedbio.com)
• Otherwise, an inverse correlation between BCORL1 and E-cadherin expression was observed in HCC tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

Palmitoylation1

• these data suggest that palmitoylation of Dsg2 regulates protein transport to the plasma membrane. (cusabio.com)

Phenotype1

• Numerous studies have reported that impaired expression and/or dysfunction of E-cadherin leads to loss of epithelial phenotype and promotes cell migration and invasion in human cancer [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Knockdown1

• Notably, the effect of BCORL1 knockdown on HCC cells was abrogated by E-cadherin silencing. (biomedcentral.com)

Conformational1

• In this regard, the βI domain-dependent clustering of active β1 integrins is necessary to favor fibronectin-elicited directional EC motility, which cannot be effectively promoted by β1 integrin conformational activation alone. (life-science-alliance.org)

20231

• 2023. An E-cadherin-actin clutch translates the mechanical force of cortical flow for cell-cell contact to inhibit epithelial cell locomotion. . (ncbs.res.in)

Interactions1

• The dynamic regulation of the physical interactions of integrins with the ECM is necessary for physiological function, and it is disrupted in pathological settings ( Seguin et al, 2015 ). (life-science-alliance.org)

Cytoplasmic1

• Intriguingly, loss of N-cadherin caused a significant decrease in VE-cadherin and its cytoplasmic binding partner, p120ctn. (rupress.org)

Migration3

• Integrins are important regulators of cellular differentiation, migration, maturation, and survival [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
• The basement membrane is also important for epithelial migration, and abnormalities in basement membrane structure, whether due to trauma (eg, recurrent erosion syndrome) or dystrophy (eg, basement membrane dystrophy), can lead to persistence of corneal epithelial defects and stromal ulceration. (medscape.com)
• BCORL1 may be a novel prognostic factor and promotes cell migration and invasion through E-cadherin repression-induced EMT in HCC. (biomedcentral.com)

Mediate1

• 5) Lysosomes can also fuse with the plasma membrane to mediate membrane repair or discharge contents outside the cell, such as cathepsins or immune factors. (biomedcentral.com)

Junction1

• Sequence Location Cell junction, adherens junction, Cell membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein. (qedbio.com)

Motility2

• E-cadherin downregulation decreases the strength of cellular adhesion within a tissue, resulting in an increase in cellular motility. (qedbio.com)
• We also show that N-cadherin is important for endothelial cell proliferation and motility. (rupress.org)

Promoter1

• Furthermore, BCORL1 represses the expression of E-cadherin via locating on the E-cadherin promoter. (biomedcentral.com)

Receptor2

• Tienen un empleo potencial en el tratamiento del SIDA ya que poseen propiedades de unión a gp120 y de bloqueo del VIH de rCD4 así como una gran semivida plasmática y funcioones de unión al receptor Fc de la inmunoglobulina. (bvsalud.org)
• These have potential use in the therapy of AIDS since they possess both the gp120-binding and HIV-blocking properties of rCD4 as well as the long plasma half-life and Fc receptor-binding functions of immunoglobulin. (bvsalud.org)

Physiological1

• By combination, they are able to form up to 24 different integrins, which are differentially expressed depending on the tissue and the physiological state of the cell. (uvigo.es)

Pathways1

• Neurons, with their distinct neurites, require elaborate membrane trafficking pathways and regulation to uphold neurite identity and to be able to respond to neuronal or developmental stimuli. (sdbonline.org)

Function4

• In this study, we genetically manipulate N-cadherin expression in vivo and in vitro to examine its function in ECs. (rupress.org)
• However, the effects of a temporal beta-cell specific β1 integrin knockout on adult islet function are unknown. (oncotarget.com)
• This data demonstrates that β1 integrin is required for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis through postnatal beta-cell function and expansion. (oncotarget.com)
• The role of β1 integrin in maintaining optimal islet function has previously been identified in vitro using cell lines and isolated islets. (oncotarget.com)

Regulation1

• E-cadherin, an important member of cadherin family, functions as a key factor in regulation of epithelial cell-to-cell adhesion [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Important1

• Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system. (biomedcentral.com)

Cells2

• Simple epithelium is a single layer of cells with every cell in direct contact with the basement membrane that separates it from the underlying connective tissue. (wikipedia.org)
• BCORL1 inversely regulated E-cadherin abundance and subsequently facilitated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Neurons1

• A brief, all-or-none depolarization of the membrane potential, reversing polarity in neurons, it has a threshold and a refractory period and is conducted without decrement. (vivekkarn.com.np)