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CholesterolCholesterol, DietaryCholesterol, LDLCholesterol, HDLHypercholesterolemiaLipoproteinsCholesterol EstersCholesterol, VLDLTriglyceridesAnticholesteremic AgentsLipidsReceptors, LDLApolipoproteins EArteriosclerosisDiet, AtherogenicCholesterol 7-alpha-HydroxylaseHydroxymethylglutaryl CoA ReductasesLiverDietary FatsBile Acids and SaltsCholesterol OxidaseSterolsLipoproteins, LDLSitosterolsLipoproteins, HDLApolipoproteins BHyperlipidemiasApolipoprotein A-IHyperlipoproteinemia Type IILipoproteins, VLDLApolipoproteinsLipid MetabolismFats, UnsaturatedBileApolipoprotein E3AortaPhytosterolsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsLovastatinAtherosclerosisIntestinal AbsorptionVegetable ProteinsSterol O-AcyltransferaseRabbitsMice, KnockoutBody WeightXanthomatosisAzetidinesDietAortic DiseasesMice, Inbred C57BLSmith-Lemli-Opitz SyndromeProbucolFoam CellsCholestyramine ResinEggsFecesPlasmaPhosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-AcyltransferaseCorn OilFatty AcidsATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1Cholesterol Ester Transfer ProteinsPhospholipidsScavenger Receptors, Class BMesocricetusApolipoprotein E2beta-CyclodextrinsHypolipidemic AgentsTime FactorsLipoproteins, IDLEsterificationSimvastatinHydroxycholesterolsATP-Binding Cassette TransportersCaseinsPravastatinCholestanolRisk FactorsCricetinaeDisease Models, AnimalMice, TransgenicBiological TransportHeptanoic AcidsCyclodextrinsMevalonic AcidApolipoproteins AMacrophagesDehydrocholesterolsRNA, MessengerCoronary DiseasePhosphatidylcholinesDesmosterolFatty Acids, MonounsaturatedRats, Inbred StrainsCell MembraneKineticsIntestinesFilipinBlood Glucose
TriglyceridesReduced low density lipLipidsAtherosclerosisLipoproteinsIncreased low-density lipoprotein choTriglyceride levelsSerumMetabolismApolipoproteinApoBGlucoseLiverDecreasesEstersEfflux capacityBody's cholesterolHypercholesterolemiaAbetalipoproteinemiaDecreaseLipid levelsProteinProteinsHyperlipidemicMmolVLDLConcentrationsMiceMacrophagesReductionsReductionTotal plasma cholesterolFatty acidStatinInhibitReductaseInversely correlatedBaselineAbnormalSynthesisObesityNatural cholesterolConcentrationMembranesCardiovascular diseaseSphingomyelinBlood cholesterolAmount of cholesterolLDLRSignificantly associatedGood cholesterolHigh cholesterolPeripheralMetabolicEnzyme
Triglycerides10
Reduced low density lip1
  • The BN25, BN50 and BNBF50 diets also reduced low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. (usda.gov)
Lipids6
  • Due to the rigid nature of the sterol group, cholesterol partitions preferentially into the lipid rafts where acyl chains of the lipids tend to be more rigid and in a less fluid state. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cholesterol can pack in between the lipids in rafts, serving as a molecular spacer and filling any voids between associated sphingolipids. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast to plasma, CS-6253 had no effect on the assessed CSF apolipoproteins or lipids. (cdc.gov)
  • We conclude that one-year therapy with infliximab is likely to lead to a more pro-atherogenic pattern of the plasma lipids concentrations. (bmj.com)
  • For the metabolic syndrome in which multiple mild abnormalities in lipids, waist size (abdominal circumference), blood pressure, and blood sugar increase the risk of CHD, the designated HDL cholesterol levels that contribute to the syndrome are sex-specific. (medscape.com)
  • Plasma lipoproteins are macromolecular complexes of lipids and proteins that are classified by density and electrophoretic mobility. (medscape.com)
Atherosclerosis11
  • Although heterozygotes are usually asymptomatic, they exhibit decreased LDL cholesterol and apoB levels and possibly have a decreased risk of atherosclerosis. (medscape.com)
  • This progression to advanced lesions is largely dependent on diabetes-induced dyslipidemia, because hyperlipidemic diabetic and nondiabetic mice with similar plasma cholesterol levels show a similar extent of atherosclerosis. (jci.org)
  • Reduction of total cholesterols (TC) and LDL-C by dietary alterations and medications that affect lipid metabolism [ 14 ] is found to reduce the occurrence of atherosclerosis in animals and clinical cardiovascular events in human [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Objective - Apolipoprotein E (apoE) reduces mouse atherosclerosis progression independent of plasma cholesterol level effects. (mssm.edu)
  • Conclusions - Similar to its effects on atherosclerosis progression, in a mouse model of restenosis, a subphysiological level of apoE was associated with beneficial effects on lesion size/composition. (mssm.edu)
  • Lp(a) is recognized as risk factor for atherosclerosis when reaching levels above 30mg/dL. (kanekamedical.com)
  • Massive xanthomatosis and atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed low density lipoprotein receptor-negative mice. (jci.org)
  • The cholesterol-fed LDLR-/- mice offer a new model for the study of environmental and genetic factors that modify the processes of atherosclerosis and xanthomatosis. (jci.org)
  • A low HDL cholesterol level is thought to accelerate the development of atherosclerosis because of impaired reverse cholesterol transport and possibly because of the absence of other protective effects of HDL, such as decreased oxidation of other lipoproteins. (medscape.com)
  • Dyslipidaemia obesity and insulin changes highly acceler- encompasses changes in HDL-cholesterol ate the progression to atherosclerosis [ 2 ]. (who.int)
  • Atherosclerosis accounts for up to 80% of cholesterol (LDL-C) and the total choles- deaths in diabetic patients due to coronary terol/HDL-C ratio (TC/HDL-C) [ 1 ]. (who.int)
Lipoproteins7
  • Plasma phospholipid levels are very low, while plasma apolipoprotein B, chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are absent. (medscape.com)
  • 1,500 mg/dl, associated with a marked increase in VLDL, intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), and LDL cholesterol, and a decrease in HDL cholesterol. (jci.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the ABCA1 agonist peptide CS-6253 on amyloid- peptides (A) and lipoproteins in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of cynomolgus monkeys, a species with amyloid and lipoprotein metabolism similar to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), or hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA), includes a variety of conditions, ranging from mild to severe, in which concentrations of alpha lipoproteins or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are reduced. (medscape.com)
  • Apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins are removed by precipitation with heparin sulfate and MnCl 2 and cholesterol is measured in the HDL-containing supernatant. (cdc.gov)
  • The apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins in the specimen are reacted with a blocking reagent that renders them non-reactive with the enzymatic cholesterol reagent under conditions of the assay. (cdc.gov)
  • The method uses sulfated alpha-cyclodextrin in the presence of Mg +2 , which forms complexes with apoB containing lipoproteins, and polyethylene glycol-coupled cholesteryl esterase and cholesterol oxidase for the HDL-cholesterol measurement. (cdc.gov)
Increased low-density lipoprotein cho1
  • Dyslipidemia, identified as increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) levels, and/or decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is found to be associated with decreased systolic and diastolic left ventricular function and increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 6 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Triglyceride levels2
Serum10
  • Although most people typically think of high cholesterol as a problem that affects primarily middle aged men, the surprising fact is that high serum cholesterol is most prevalent among white, non Hispanic women, according to the centers for disease control and prevention in Atlanta. (healthy.co.nz)
  • In all studies, statistically significant reductions (16% to 31%) in total serum cholesterol compared with placebo or control or baseline were confirmed, as well as increases in HDL and decreases in LDL cholesterol levels. (healthy.co.nz)
  • We quantified CXCL10 in human CKD plasma and tested the response of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and primary cardiac fibroblasts to serum from CKD donors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the lipid profile differs in well-controlled T1D patients, who have normal or slightly decreased serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels [ 5 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plasma concentrations of C reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and serum albumin and leucocyte count. (bmj.com)
  • This study assessed the serum levels of these two microRNAs in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The serum microRNA levels were detected in 102 subjects aged 40 to 80 years who were recruited from the general population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, the elevation of serum let-7 g was significantly associated with a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.022) and high blood pressure (p = 0.023). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cholesterol is measured enzymatically in serum or plasma in a series of coupled reactions that hydrolyze cholesteryl esters and oxidize the 3-OH group of cholesterol. (cdc.gov)
  • Low T3 syndrome, also known as euthyroid sick syndrome , is characterized by decreased serum T3 and/or thyroxin (T4) levels, increased reverse T3 (rT3), and no significant increase in TSH. (medscape.com)
Metabolism15
  • Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) and familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) are relatively uncommon inherited disorders of lipoprotein metabolism that cause low cholesterol levels. (medscape.com)
  • In this study we investigated how different preparations of kefir impact cholesterol and lipid metabolism and circulating markers of cardiovascular disease risk and determine if freeze-drying impacts health benefits relative to past studies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Taken together, these results demonstrate that curcumin is a PPARα activator and may affect expression levels of proteins involved in amyloid deposition to influence amyloidosis and metabolism in a complex manner. (elifesciences.org)
  • Cholesterol-related disorders have been associated with sEH, which plays an important role in the metabolism of cholesterol precursors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, this review focused on the metabolism of cholesterol and its association with AD. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cholesterol metabolism in the brain is independent of peripheral tissues due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that impairs the entrance of the protein-bound lipid into the central nervous system (CNS). (frontiersin.org)
  • Brain tissues contain large amounts of cholesterol, up to 25% of the body's cholesterol content ( Dietschy, 2009 ) whose metabolism and complex homeostasis regulation in the CNS remain unclear ( Zhang and Liu, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, we discuss cholesterol metabolism and its implication in AD. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cholesterol metabolism by the liver is shown to be regulated by brain circuits. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • According to a comprehensive review published in the Foods journal , regular oat consumption can contribute to lower cholesterol levels, improved blood sugar metabolism, a healthier immune system and a more balanced gut microbiome. (livescience.com)
  • A study published in the Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism aimed to compare the effects of oat milk, soya milk and cow's milk on plasma lipid, glucose, insulin, and antioxidant status. (livescience.com)
  • Irisin and biochemical parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism were assessed in 70 healthy volunteers stratified for sport performance level into four groups: (1) 20 elite athletes of national level, (2) 20 subelite athletes of local level, (3) 20 recreational athletes, and (4) 10 sedentary subjects. (unisr.it)
  • Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, cholesterol metabolism, 7-dehydrocholesterol. (scielo.br)
  • Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLOS) or RSH syndrome (MIM 270400) comprises multiple congenital anomalies, mental retardation and an autosomal recessive inborn error of cholesterol metabolism. (scielo.br)
  • 1 In 1938, Müller linked xanthomas, elevated cholesterol, and coronary heart disease to an in-born error of metabolism from a single gene defect. (acc.org)
Apolipoprotein5
  • Individuals from two population-based cohorts, the Copenhagen General Population Study (2003-2015, N = 107 341), and the Copenhagen City Heart Study (1991-1994, N = 9387) were followed prospectively until end of 2016 to assess low plasma HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 as risk factors for cancer using Cox proportional hazard regression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among 27 cancer types, low HDL cholesterol and/or apolipoprotein A1 were associated with increased risk of multiple myeloma, myeloproliferative neoplasm, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, and nervous system cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For this purpose, we used measured HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 in 116,728 individuals from two independent Danish population-based cohorts recruited during different time periods. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present study, we included 107,341 individuals with information on measured HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In two independent experiments, plasma TG, apolipoprotein E (apoE), and A42/40 ratio were transiently increased following CS-6253 intravenous injection. (cdc.gov)
ApoB1
Glucose7
  • Patients and caregivers were taught how to use NG (3 mg) to treat moderate/severe HEs, record the time taken to awaken or return to normal status, and measure blood glucose (BG) levels over time. (bvsalud.org)
  • Glucose rapidly increased DAG content and PKC enzyme activity in microsomes, but not in plasma membranes or other membranes, during a 30-min treatment of rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • Glucose-induced activation of DAG/PKC signaling in microsomes was not associated with a change in the translocation of Glut-4 transporters from microsomes to the plasma membrane, a biological response that is known to be stimulated by agonists, e.g., phorbol esters, which increase DAG/PKC signaling in plasma membranes, as well as in microsomes. (jci.org)
  • Blood glucose is derived from the food we eat, and is stored and produced by our liver , which must break it down into healthy, manageable levels. (alternative-medicine-clinics.com)
  • Fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and total cholesterol levels were inversely related to the degree of physical activity. (unisr.it)
  • The results revealed that oral administration of sesamin for 4 weeks (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) marginally improved blood glucose levels, body weight and significantly ameliorated the effects on heart rate and blood pressure in rats with type 1 diabetes relative to control rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • There are many methods of maintaining normal blood sugar levels, including treatment with insulin focus to a therapy area by external pumps, blood glucose monitoring and physical exercise. (spandidos-publications.com)
Liver6
  • Kefir consumption can have many metabolic health benefits, including, in the case of specific kefirs, improvements in plasma and liver lipid profiles. (frontiersin.org)
  • Eight-week-old male and female C57Bl/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (40% kcal from fat) supplemented with one of 3 freeze-dried kefir preparations (whole kefir, cell-free kefir, or heat-treated kefir) for 8 weeks prior to analysis of plasma and liver lipid profiles, circulating cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers, cecal microbiome composition, and cecal short-chain fatty acid levels. (frontiersin.org)
  • The finished product, red yeast rice, contains important substances known as monacolins, which have the ability to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase - an enzyme responsible for cholesterol synthesis in the liver. (healthy.co.nz)
  • Liver weights and plasma ApoA-II and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were significantly elevated in curcumin-supplemented groups. (elifesciences.org)
  • LDL levels provide an indication of the excess energy obtained from dietary intake that has been converted to fatty acids and cholesterol by the liver. (fatsoflife.com)
  • The first hydroxylation occurs at position 25 in the liver, producing calcidiol (25-hydroxycholecalciferol), which circulates in the plasma as the most abundant of the vitamin D metabolites and is thought to be a good indicator of overall vitamin D status. (medscape.com)
Decreases3
  • Modest decreases in PCSK9 levels were achieved in both studies, demonstrating that this protein is susceptible to dietary intervention by omega-3 LCPUFA. (fatsoflife.com)
  • Although LDL particle levels or LDL-cholesterol estimations in the circulation are increasingly considered a non-causal yet predictive biomarker of cardiovascular disease, interventions that achieve decreases in LDL appear to generally produce a favorable change in the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (fatsoflife.com)
  • The underlying defect is a deficiency in the activity of delta7-sterol reductase, which decreases cholesterol and increases 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) levels. (scielo.br)
Esters1
Efflux capacity3
  • Reduced cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDLs is likely to increase cardiovascular risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study aimed to assess the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL as a negative risk factor for CVD in individuals with obesity and identify the factors associated with improvement in CEC 3 months following bariatric surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Though bariatric surgery has been shown to ameliorate proatherogenic dyslipidemia, the present study aimed to examine the effect of bariatric surgery on the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL in a cohort from the Indian population. (biomedcentral.com)
Body's cholesterol1
Hypercholesterolemia4
Abetalipoproteinemia1
Decrease4
  • In fact, red yeast rice has been shown to significantly decrease total cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic (elevated blood fats) subjects, and has proved to be a cost-saving cholesterol-lowering medication. (healthy.co.nz)
  • Therefore, inhibition of PCSK9, or reduction of its levels, leads to a decrease in circulating LDL level by increasing LDL-receptor-mediated LDL clearance. (fatsoflife.com)
  • p = 0.001] despite a decrease in HDL-C levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hypolipidemia is a decrease in plasma lipoprotein caused by primary (genetic) or secondary factors. (msdmanuals.com)
Lipid levels4
  • Obligate heterozygotes (ie, parents of patients with ABL) have no symptoms and no evidence of reduced plasma lipid levels. (medscape.com)
  • To offset the elevated sphingolipid levels, phosphatidylcholine levels are decreased which results in similar choline-containing lipid levels between the rafts and the surrounding plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Average percentage of abnormal blood lipid levels among Americans at age 20 or above [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The main element of the cardiovascular disease laboratory component in NHANES is blood lipid levels. (cdc.gov)
Protein5
  • The plasma membranes of cells contain combinations of glycosphingolipids, cholesterol and protein receptors organised in glycolipoprotein lipid microdomains termed lipid rafts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plasma vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) was lowered by both whole kefir and heat-treated kefir in male mice but not females, while c-reactive protein (CRP) was unchanged across all high fat diet fed groups in males and females. (frontiersin.org)
  • Individuals with high plasma levels of lipo-protein(a) have a 10 times greater risk for heart disease than individuals with elevated LDL levels. (healthy.co.nz)
  • Several reports have suggested that plasma C reactive protein and other possible markers of low grade inflammation can predict increased risks of coronary heart disease, but it is not known whether the associations are causal. (bmj.com)
  • In measures of metabolic inflammation, no significant differences were found in white blood count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tryptophan/kynurenine ratio, or urinary isoprostanes, but the CFS group did have lower kynurenine and tryptophan levels than controls. (medscape.com)
Proteins2
  • Lipid rafts localize palmitoylated proteins away from the disordered region of the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The functional impairment of proteins through carbamylation is of particular relevance seeing as clinical studies have shown that the level of carbamylated proteins are an independent risk factor for CVD [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hyperlipidemic1
  • Most of single herbs and formulae demonstrated the improvement of hyperlipidemic conditions with multiple and diverse mechanisms of actions similar to conventional Western drugs in spite of their mild side effects. (hindawi.com)
Mmol3
  • We randomly assigned 6595 men, 45 to 64 years of age, with a mean (+/- SD) plasma cholesterol level of 272 +/- 23 mg per deciliter (7.0 +/- 0.6 mmol per liter) to receive pravastatin (40 mg each evening) or placebo. (nih.gov)
  • Hypolipidemia is defined as a total cholesterol (TC) 120 mg/dL ( 3.1 mmol/L) or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 50 mg/dL ( 1.3 mmol/L). (msdmanuals.com)
  • total cholesterol is typically 45 mg/dL ( 1.16 mmol/L), TGs are 20 mg/dL ( 0.23 mmol/L), and LDL is undetectable. (msdmanuals.com)
VLDL1
  • ABL is a rare disease associated with a unique plasma lipoprotein profile in which LDL and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) are essentially absent. (medscape.com)
Concentrations8
  • We found that eating pecans increased levels of gamma tocopherol concentrations in the blood and subsequently reduced a marker of lipid oxidation," adds Dr. Haddad. (healthjockey.com)
  • In humans, we found increased plasma CXCL10 concentrations in advanced CKD, and identified the production of CXCL10 in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No strong associations were observed of these factors with Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG titres, or plasma total homocysteine concentrations. (bmj.com)
  • If the sharp short term fluctuations are ignored, then long term circulating concentrations of these factors show a similar year-to-year consistency within individuals to levels of some more extensively studied risk factors such as blood cholesterol concentration and blood pressure. (bmj.com)
  • Concentrations of small HDLs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma were measured in 180 individuals 60 years of age using ion mobility methodology. (cdc.gov)
  • Short-term effects of anti-TNF on plasma lipid concentrations seemed beneficial and anti-atherogenic. (bmj.com)
  • However, these changes did not persist: plasma concentrations of total and LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index increased after 6 months and 1 year from the start of therapy. (bmj.com)
  • 1 Among the traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the lipid profile in RA has often been described as "pro-atherogenic", 2 based on decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased LDL:HDL-C ratio and lipoprotein (a) plasma concentrations in both active and treated RA. (bmj.com)
Mice6
  • When these mice are fed a cholesterol-free diet, diabetes, in the absence of associated lipid abnormalities, causes both accelerated lesion initiation and increased arterial macrophage accumulation. (jci.org)
  • When diabetic mice are fed cholesterol-rich diets, on the other hand, they develop severe hypertriglyceridemia and advanced lesions, characterized by extensive intralesional hemorrhage. (jci.org)
  • One group of diabetic mice was treated with an intense insulin therapy (intense insulin) and fed the cholesterol-free diet. (jci.org)
  • NS, nonsignificant versus nondiabetic mice fed the cholesterol-free diet. (jci.org)
  • Methods and Results - ApoE-deficient (apoE-/-), wild-type (WT), and transgenic apoE-/- mice (secreting apoE at different levels from adrenal glands) underwent femoral artery injury. (mssm.edu)
  • Mice that are homozygous for a targeted disruption of the LDL receptor gene (LDLR-/- mice) were fed a diet that contained 1.25% cholesterol, 7.5% cocoa butter, 7.5% casein, and 0.5% cholic acid. (jci.org)
Macrophages3
Reductions2
  • Both bean and beef diets reduced cholesterol but only the bean diets had significant reductions. (usda.gov)
  • Statin therapy achieves reductions in LDL-cholesterol levels through inhibition of the endogenous de novo biosynthesis of cholesterol. (fatsoflife.com)
Reduction1
  • [ 2 ] persons with a profound reduction of LDL cholesterol may have a decreased risk for heart disease. (medscape.com)
Total plasma cholesterol2
Fatty acid1
  • Early weaning occurs between 3.5 and 5.5 weeks of age, when the rumen is developing and thus in transition to ruminant, body growth and fat deposition are affected, which may reduce feed intake and growth rate, with high plasma non-ester fatty acid (NEFA) levels as an indicator of lipid mobilization [ 13 ]. (degruyter.com)
Statin2
  • Conventional treatment for high cholesterol usually involves costly statin drugs, which reduce LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. (healthy.co.nz)
  • However, statin therapy also leads to increased PCSK9 levels, which reduce LDL uptake and hepatic clearance - an effect that counteracts its intended pharmacodynamic action. (fatsoflife.com)
Inhibit1
  • In a previous study, the RVD-hemopressin-α, an endogenous anorexigenic peptide, proved to be a negative allosteric modulator of CB1 [43] and to inhibit hypothalamic NE levels following peripheral administration despite being ineffective against DA and 5-HT levels [30]. (researchgate.net)
Reductase2
  • Numerous studies have confirmed that red yeast rice demonstrates a direct inhibitory effect on HMG-CoA reductase activity and cholesterol synthesis. (healthy.co.nz)
  • 1998) which encodes 3b-hydroxysterol-D 7 -reductase (D 7 -sterol reductase), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) to cholesterol (Irons et al . (scielo.br)
Inversely correlated2
  • During therapy, the changes in disease activity and inflammatory status were inversely correlated with changes in plasma total and HDL cholesterol levels and positively correlated with the variation of atherogenic index. (bmj.com)
  • The level of miR-17-5p inversely correlated with body mass index and it may regulate adipocyte differentiation by targeting Rb2/p130. (biomedcentral.com)
Baseline2
  • In an Iranian study, the TC baseline level was shown to be significantly associated with the risk of MI in men [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A prospective analysis by Mora et al investigated the link between cholesterol and cardiovascular events in women and found baseline HDL-C level was consistently and inversely associated with incident coronary and CVD events across a range of LDL-C values. (medscape.com)
Abnormal2
  • Specifically, we discuss contributors to aberrant neuronal excitability, including abnormal levels of intracellular Ca 2+ and glutamate, pathological amyloid β (Aβ) and tau, genetic risk factors, including APOE , and impaired inhibitory interneuron and glial function. (nature.com)
  • Plasma lipid profile may be abnormal. (medscape.com)
Synthesis2
  • Particular attention was given to the distribution and expression of sEH in the human brain, deepening into the enzyme's phosphatase activity and its participation in brain cholesterol synthesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • We also provide a compilation of sEH distribution and expression in the human brain and deepen the discussion on the enzyme's N-terminal phosphatase activity and its involvement in the synthesis of cholesterol. (frontiersin.org)
Obesity3
  • The study included 56 individuals with obesity, of whom 30 individuals underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and twenty-six underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG). (biomedcentral.com)
  • These risk factors lead to overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure and raised cholesterol. (who.int)
  • noted the wide support expressed by Member States and other stakeholders around global voluntary targets considered so far including those relating to raised blood pressure, tobacco use, salt/sodium and physical inactivity, and indicated support from Member States and other stakeholders for the development of targets relating to obesity, fat intake, alcohol, cholesterol and health system responses such as availability of essential medicines for noncommunicable diseases. (who.int)
Natural cholesterol1
Concentration4
  • Therapy to raise the concentration of HDL cholesterol includes weight loss, smoking cessation, aerobic exercise, and pharmacologic management with niacin and fibrates. (medscape.com)
  • The color intensity is proportional to cholesterol concentration. (cdc.gov)
  • After the parathyroid response, the calcium concentration usually returns to the reference range, though phosphorus levels remain low. (medscape.com)
  • Alkaline phosphatase, which is produced by overactive osteoblast cells, leaks into the extracellular fluids, so that its concentration rises to anywhere from moderate elevation to very high levels. (medscape.com)
Membranes2
  • One key difference between lipid rafts and the plasma membranes from which they are derived is lipid composition. (wikipedia.org)
  • In particular, the impact of α-spinasterol on the structure and organization of lipid membranes was investigated and compared with those of cholesterol. (mdpi.com)
Cardiovascular disease4
  • An elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. (fatsoflife.com)
  • Decades of research and pharmaceutical development have been dedicated to achieving the lowering of the cholesterol content associated with LDL, in the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (fatsoflife.com)
  • Current recommendations worldwide suggest both lifestyle changes and drug-based intervention to achieve lower LDL levels in people at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (fatsoflife.com)
  • Emerging data show that high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, an established negative risk factor for cardiovascular disease improves after bariatric surgery [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sphingomyelin3
  • Also, lipid rafts are enriched in sphingolipids such as sphingomyelin, which is typically elevated by 50% compared to the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The figure to the right shows the inverted cone-like shape of sphingomyelin and the cone-like shape of cholesterol based on the area of space occupied by the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plasma sphingomyelin levels are relatively increased at the expense of lecithin. (medscape.com)
Blood cholesterol3
  • Lowering the blood cholesterol level may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. (nih.gov)
  • Elevated blood cholesterol levels are a significant risk factor for heart disease and stroke. (healthy.co.nz)
  • The reverse situation is also recognized: people with gain-of-function PCSK9 mutations have a marked increase in blood cholesterol levels and an increased coronary heart disease incidence. (fatsoflife.com)
Amount of cholesterol1
  • Research has shown that lipid rafts contain 3 to 5-fold the amount of cholesterol found in the surrounding bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
LDLR1
  • 4 And in 1983, Russell and colleagues cloned the LDLR gene, which allowed for molecular-level analysis of receptor mutations. (acc.org)
Significantly associated1
  • Multiple regression analysis indicated that apoE levels were significantly associated with reduced I/M ratios, but plasma cholesterol levels were not, before or after adjusting for apoE. (mssm.edu)
Good cholesterol1
High cholesterol2
  • Conventional treatment for high cholesterol usually involves prescription medication however this can sometimes cause abdominal discomfort, bowel irregularity and poor digestion. (healthy.co.nz)
  • Lycopene is used for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cancer, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses. (medlineplus.gov)
Peripheral1
  • The common, mild forms of HA have no characteristic physical findings, but patients may have premature coronary heart or peripheral vascular disease, as well as a family history of low HDL cholesterol levels and premature CHD. (medscape.com)
Metabolic3
  • It is a metabolic disorder which causes elevated LDL cholesterol plasma levels. (kanekamedical.com)
  • We compared irisin levels among groups of differently trained healthy individuals to explore the role of irisin as a physiological linker between exercise and metabolic health. (unisr.it)
  • The circulating levels of let-7 g and miR-221 displayed a female-specific elevation in individuals with metabolic syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzyme1
  • Given that brain cholesterol disturbances play a role in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as of other neurodegenerative diseases, understanding the functions of this enzyme could provide pivotal information on the pathophysiology of these conditions. (frontiersin.org)