Plaque biofilms. Medical search. Frequent questions

[13] The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
[8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
Under the concept of "dental plaque", the gingivitis treatment, and also the periodontitis one were based on the elimination of every and any plaque or of some bacteria species. (bvsalud.org)
Under this concept, the role of microorganisms not necessarily points to specific bacteria infecting the sites and causing diseases, but to periodontal diseases as an opportunist infection linked to a retro feeding process between the dental biofilm and the host. (bvsalud.org)
Plaque is a sticky film that coats teeth and contains bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
A biofilm is a collection of bacteria and/or fungi that exists in a multicellular or community form, encased in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix that they themselves synthesise. (thepigsite.com)
Formation of a biofilm starts with adherence of bacteria followed by production of the polysaccharide matrix. (thepigsite.com)
Other bacteria, other micro-organisms and debris become incorporated in the biofilm. (thepigsite.com)
Bacteria within a biofilm communicate by quorum sensing leading to phenotypic modifications and changes in gene expression. (thepigsite.com)
Bacteria within the biofilm are protected from disinfectants and have a fundamentally reduced antibacterial sensitivity compared with planktonic, free-living, bacteria. (thepigsite.com)
A biofilm forms when bacteria adhere to a surface and proliferate into a colony that is very difficult to remove and can cause a lot of problems. (stevens.edu)
Over time, bacteria produce a thin fluid known as biofilm which coats the surface of the teeth. (petside.com)
This biofilm serves as a protective layer for the bacteria. (petside.com)
It is critical to prevent bacteria from ever forming biofilm. (petside.com)
Dimensions of Dental Hygiene emphasizes that biofilm as a whole, not a single type of bacteria, is what causes dental disease. (colgateprofessional.com)
Dental Biofilm is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that grows on surfaces within the mouth. (omicsonline.org)
Bacteria frequently grow in communities called biofilms, which are aggregates of cells and polymers. (virology.ws)
Biofilms are medically important as they can allow bacteria to persist in host tissues and on catheters, and confer increased resistance to antibiotics and dessication. (virology.ws)
But, the scientists demonstrated, P. aeruginosa - as well as other species of biofilm-producing bacteria - can team up with a family of phages that, instead of destroying the bacterial cells they invade, join them in constructing the bacterial equivalent of a gummy termite's nest and rendering the bacteria extremely antibiotic-resistant. (stanford.edu)
This biofilm contains bacteria that release acids when coming into contact with a meal or snack that contains sugars. (colgate.com)
Brushing your teeth everyday correctly will remove the biofilms before they become thicker plaques and increases the accumulation of bacteria. (vejthani.com)
These kind of plaques are densely covered with bacteria which may cause gum and tooth diseases. (vejthani.com)
Cariogenic bacteria are found in the complex biofilm which contains many kinds of bacteria called dental plaque. (positivehealth.com)
Plaque is a sticky biofilm containing thousands of bacteria. (cunningdental.com)
They can activate hydrogen peroxide to release free radicals that can kill tooth-decay-causing bacteria and degrade dental plaque biofilms. (materialstoday.com)
These carbohydrates act as nutrients for biofilm bacteria, especially acidogenic and aciduric species. (bvsalud.org)

The plaque biofilm, unique to the oral cavity, occurs on numerous surfaces such as the cheeks, tongue and teeth and is comprised of a sticky mass of proteins, lipids, glycoproteins, and glycolipids housing oral microbial communities with special chemical and nutritional gradients. (dentalcare.com)
[8] Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque , where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease . (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that calcified dental plaque (dental calculus) on ancient teeth preserves a detailed genetic record throughout this period. (nature.com)
To give examples within a pig farm, they can occur in drinking water systems, on permanently damp surfaces in humid housing, within the intestines of pigs, and on dental plaque on teeth. (thepigsite.com)
You prevent those problems with regular maintenance-brushing your teeth to get rid of the bacterial biofilm. (stevens.edu)
And in there is already plaque on the dog's teeth, it is imperative to prevent it from turning into tartar. (petside.com)
Explain to your patients that dental biofilm, or plaque, is not just a thin, sticky layer clinging to their teeth. (colgateprofessional.com)
This directly connects to the idea of Whole Mouth Health: Maintaining a healthy mouth and body means caring for your teeth and oral soft tissue by brushing, flossing and rinsing to keep biofilm in balance and protect your oral and overall health. (colgateprofessional.com)
Educating your patient on how biofilm affects the entire mouth - not just the teeth - can making a lasting impression on their health. (colgateprofessional.com)
An example of a biofilm is the dental plaque on your teeth. (virology.ws)
A familiar example of a biofilm is the plaque that forms on our teeth," he said. (stanford.edu)
Plaque Bio-film Faulty restorations Overhangs Malpositioned teeth Occlusion Etc. (studystack.com)
Water flossers provide a steady stream of water that removes plaque and food stuck between your teeth. (colgate.com)
Your teeth are covered with a sticky biofilm, commonly known as dental plaque. (colgate.com)
Biofilms or dental plaques, are always found on the surface of teeth. (vejthani.com)
Applying plaque disclosing gels on the teeth - In this step, dentist will apply blue gels on every tooth surface before rinsing them with water. (vejthani.com)
Airflow polishing - Dentist will clean the teeth to get rid of the plaques that appeared from the disclosing gels with a special tool called Airflow. (vejthani.com)
Airflow is an advanced technology in preventative dental care that is designed to eliminate plaques and biofilms that are covering the surface of the teeth. (vejthani.com)
The lab-grown archaea alsoadapted to the cold by aggregating to form biofilms or microbial mats, like theslimy plaque that accumulates on your teeth. (space.com)
Whitens the teeth (also a biofilm which causes yellow teeth), body fluid smells and odors reduce. (betterhealthguy.com)
Saliva and its components are essential for the maintenance of oral health through the formation of the biofilm that covers the teeth and oral mucosa. (positivehealth.com)
Plaque and tartar are scraped from the surface of your teeth in a process called scaling . (healthline.com)
That same review did note that those who had their teeth polished and scaled had significantly less plaque buildup on their teeth. (healthline.com)
While it certainly can significantly improve the look of your teeth, it also removes unwanted plaque and biofilm, to create healthy gums. (healthline.com)
Scaling, in which plaque and tartar are scraped from the teeth, usually uses a sharp metal tool to remove tough-to-reach plaque that your toothbrush might miss. (healthline.com)
Arranged in bristle-like structures, a robotic microswarm of iron oxide nanoparticles can effectively clean plaque from teeth. (materialstoday.com)
Using a magnetic field, the researchers could direct their motion and configuration, getting them to form either bristle-like structures that can sweep away dental plaque from the broad surfaces of teeth, or elongated strings that can slip between teeth like a length of floss. (materialstoday.com)
Experiments using this system on mock and real human teeth showed that the robotic assemblies can conform to a variety of shapes to nearly eliminate the sticky biofilms that lead to cavities and gum disease. (materialstoday.com)
Biofilm, on teeth termed plaque, can build up in the mouth and reach substantial numbers. (medscape.com)
About 80-90% of halitosis is due to intraoral microbial species that populate on the tongue, teeth, and periodontal biofilms. (medscape.com)
children aged 5 to 15 years with epilepsy - on anti-epileptic drugs (AED) for at least 3 months - periodontal pockets depths not exceeding 3mm - full-mouth plaque scores over 50%, and having 5 teeth per quadrant. (who.int)

If plaque is not removed on a regular basis, it will harden and turn into tartar (calculus). (medlineplus.gov)
Microbial Differences Between Dental Plaque and Historic Dental Calculus Are Related to Oral Biofilm Maturation Stage. (york.ac.uk)
What is the relationship between bacterial plaque and calculus formation? (thejcdp.com)

How dental plaque and its resident microorganisms are viewed has been dictated by the analytical tools available to study it. (dentalcare.com)
Historically, dental plaque microorganisms were first identified by the Dutch microbiologist Anton Von Leeuwenhoek and referenced in his letter to the British Royal Society in 1677 as little animalcules. (dentalcare.com)
Results from the more recent Human Microbiome Project, 1 funded by the NIH, have provided more specific evidence about these microorganisms and their genomes which are now referred to collectively as the oral microbiome that form the oral ecosystem and will guide newer treatment approaches for plaque control and prevention strategies. (dentalcare.com)
Plaque-dwelling microorganisms. (dentalcare.com)
Oral microorganisms in dental plaque showing typical 'corn-cob' structure of bacterium. (dentalcare.com)
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms. (cdc.gov)
Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
These biofilm microorganisms have been shown to elicit specific mechanisms for initial attachment to a surface, development of a community structure and ecosystem, and detachment. (cdc.gov)
Van Leeuwenhoek, using his simple microscopes, first observed microorganisms on tooth surfaces and can be credited with the discovery of microbial biofilms. (cdc.gov)
5 ) in 1978 put forth a theory of biofilms that explained the mechanisms whereby microorganisms adhere to living and nonliving materials and the benefits accrued by this ecologic niche. (cdc.gov)
Biofilms are groups of microorganisms that grow on different surfaces. (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)
And they found that these species of microorganisms"huddled" together in colder temperatures to form a chemically linkedunit called a biofilm. (space.com)
It has been estimated to reach up to 10 11 microorganisms/mL in plaque that is not removed over several days. (medscape.com)
Bacteriophages have reemerged as potential biocontrol agents, particularly against biofilm-associated, drug-resistant microorganisms. (cdc.gov)

Cells may also communicate via quorum sensing, which may in turn affect biofilm processes such as detachment. (cdc.gov)
Help your patients consider factors that affect biofilm beyond brushing and flossing, like nutrition and oral pH. (colgateprofessional.com)

From plaque control to the supragingival biofilm control: what have we learnt over time? (bvsalud.org)
Alongside, the supragingival biofilm has meant more than the etiologic factor of gingivitis, but also as an important modulator of subgingival environment. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, the present review aimed to revise the role of the supragingival biofilm control to periodontal condition, and, also, to discuss results of studies under the concept of periodontal diseases as opportunists infections. (bvsalud.org)
RDH Magazine reminds dental hygienists that in addition to encouraging patients to remove supragingival biofilm with brushing and rinsing, we also need to expand the ways we talk about why and how patients should remove subgingival dental biofilm. (colgateprofessional.com)

Subgingival bacterial biofilm accumulates and matures in the sulcus, releasing toxins that penetrate the junctional epithelium and pass into the underlying connective tissues - infection. (dentistryiq.com)
When saliva gets in contact with a clean tooth surface, a substance from the saliva accumulates into a thin layer of film (biofilm) coating the surface. (vejthani.com)

The dog's saliva interacts with this biofilm, introducing minerals into its chemical structure. (petside.com)
The minerals present in saliva turn the biofilm into a much harder substance we call tartar. (petside.com)

Swishing a solution or chewing a special tablet in your mouth may help identify areas of plaque buildup. (medlineplus.gov)
A buildup of plaque can also result in gum disease , so cleaning between every tooth with floss, water flossers, or other interdental cleaners is also crucial. (colgate.com)
While it can be hard to reach the distal tooth surfaces, they are especially susceptible to food and plaque buildup. (colgate.com)

18 Since that time, numerous hypotheses have followed regarding the exact nature of plaque and its role in oral diseases such as caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. (dentalcare.com)
The most prevalent periodontal diseases are those associated with the presence of dental plaque, nowadays understood as a dental biofilm. (bvsalud.org)
The comprehension of the biofilm dynamics rekindled old discussions that, since then, sought to determine the eligible and preferred therapies for periodontal diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Currently, the biofilm concept, understood as microbial communities with interdependent mechanisms of self-regulation, nutrition and communication and involved in a synergism to render its subsistence, changed the way not only to understand the periodontal diseases etiology but, in special, the way to treat them. (bvsalud.org)
Biofilms have great importance for public health because of their role in certain infectious diseases and importance in a variety of device-related infections. (cdc.gov)
Hence, a quantitative assessment of denture plaque is important to evaluate the denture hygiene of denture wearers, particularly to prevent plaque biofilm -associated diseases . (bvsalud.org)
Guided Biofilm Therapy (GBT) is a dental cleaning technique that removes not only dental plaques but also biofilms, which is the cause of tooth decay and gum diseases. (vejthani.com)
Anti-plaque agents in the prevention of biofilm-associated oral diseases. (thejcdp.com)

To evaluate the ability of a Waterpik ® Water Flosser paired with either a power or manual toothbrush, and a manual toothbrush and floss, to reduce gingivitis, bleeding, and supragingival plaque biofilm. (waterpik.com)
Plaque biofilm, bleeding, and gingivitis were evaluated at two and four weeks. (waterpik.com)
The relationship between gingivitis and plaque levels. (thejcdp.com)

To evaluate in vitro the effect of a red propolis ethanolic extract (RPE) in the prevention of growth of a cariogenic biofilm and its cytotoxic potential. (bvsalud.org)

Some say that dog kibbles are better because their rough texture can help prevent the formation of dental plaques. (petside.com)

On these various surfaces, the researchers found that the microrobotics system could effectively eliminate biofilms, clearing all detectable pathogens. (materialstoday.com)
Dental plaque biofilm may promote oral and oropharyngeal colonization of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized subjects. (who.int)

Red propolis extract showed antibacterial activity against the tested strains, exhibited acceptable cytotoxicity and reduced the colonization of S. mutans and L. casei in a biofilm membrane model. (bvsalud.org)
This study aimed to determine the effect of LW on biofilm formation and CPKP colonization in a P-Trap model (PTM). (cdc.gov)
The primary objective of our study was to formulate a phage cocktail capable of targeting a CPKP strain (CAV1016) at different stages of colonization within polymicrobial drinking water biofilms using a CDC biofilm reactor (CBR) p-trap model. (cdc.gov)

Indeed, no phage, no biofilm. (stanford.edu)
Biofilms were treated for 2 h at either 25 C or 37 C with the phage cocktail (109 PFU/ml) at 7, 14, and 21 d post-inoculation. (cdc.gov)
The effect of phage treatment on the viability of biofilm-associated CAV1016 was determined by plate count on m-Endo LES agar. (cdc.gov)
Phage titers were determined by plaque assay. (cdc.gov)
Supplementation with a non-ionic surfactant appears to enhance phage association within biofilms. (cdc.gov)

This information - plus suggestions for controlling interproximal bacterial plaque - will improve the periodontal health of your practice and involve your patients in the process. (dentistryiq.com)
This is where bacterial plaque biofilm comes into the equation. (dentistryiq.com)

Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
Denture plaque, a biofilm that develops on denture surfaces, could contribute to many oral and systemic afflictions. (bvsalud.org)
In fact, a report in Dental Anatomy notes that impacted third molars tend to accumulate plaque against the distal surfaces of second molars. (colgate.com)

Plaque can cause cavities and lead to gum disease in the absence of daily brushing, flossing, and regular dental visits. (cunningdental.com)

There is now universal recognition these oral infections are multifactorial in nature, with a large variety of microbial species residing in intraoral plaque biofilms, with some species being beneficial (commensal) while others being capable of producing disease (pathobionts). (dentalcare.com)

Bacterial biofilms play an important role in UTIs, responsible for persistent infections leading to recurrences and relapses. (mdpi.com)
Biofilms factor into 75 to 80 percent of hospital-acquired infections, such as those of the urinary tract, heart valves and knee-replacement prostheses, Bollyky said. (stanford.edu)

Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
That's bad because mature biofilms are very resistant to antibiotics-just like antibiotic-resistant superbugs like MRSA. (stevens.edu)
These biofilms fill up all the air spaces, and antibiotics can't seem to penetrate them," he said. (stanford.edu)

Les scores de plaque dentaire ont été mesurés à l'aide de l'indice de plaque de Quigley-Hein modifié, après un brossage de 60 secondes par l'enfant, soit avec une brosse à dents neuve, soit avec une brosse à dents usagée. (who.int)
Aucune différence statistiquement significative n'a été observée entre les brosses à dents utilisées depuis trois mois ayant des degrés d'usure variés et les brosses à dents neuves, pour la réduction des scores de plaque dentaire chez les mêmes enfants. (who.int)
Les schémas de sensibilité aux antibiotiques ont montré une concordance au niveau des cultures bactériennes issues de la plaque dentaire et de la cavité oropharyngée chez 13 patients. (who.int)
Le biofilm constitué par la plaque dentaire peut favoriser la colonisation orale et oropharyngée par des agents pathogènes respiratoires chez les sujets hospitalisés. (who.int)

The consequences of dental plaque in terms of caries and periodontal disease are well known, in addition to the importance of oral hygiene and tooth brushing. (rug.nl)
Dental caries results from surface demineralization caused by an organized biofilm exposed to fermentable carbohydrates from the diet [1]. (bvsalud.org)

Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
Control of biofilms is difficult and addresses preventing initial formation and removing existing biofilms. (thepigsite.com)
The formation of a biofilm is not a random process. (thepigsite.com)
Any synthetic surface that touches the body, from an artificial heart to a hip implant to a cochlear hearing aid can catalyze biofilm formation. (stevens.edu)
Cellulose membrane disks (13 mm, N=12) were used for biofilm formation (24 h) of S. mutans and L. casei , which were treated (1 min) with 0.4% RPE or 0.12% Chlorhexidine (CHX). (bvsalud.org)
The control group of biofilm formation was not submitted to any treatment. (bvsalud.org)

The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)
An established biofilm structure comprises microbial cells and EPS, has a defined architecture, and provides an optimal environment for the exchange of genetic material between cells. (cdc.gov)
A biofilm is an assemblage of surface-associated microbial cells that is enclosed in an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. (cdc.gov)

It progresses through the establishment of a biofilm that may be visible as plaque, followed by demineralization of the enamel resulting in a precavity lesion, or "white spot. (cdc.gov)

[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down- regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Vincent, Alan, and Rich explore a novel bunyavirus isolated in China, the recent polio outbreak in Republic of the Congo, and cell to cell transmission of a retrovirus by biofilm-like extracellular assemblies. (virology.ws)

The objective of this study in Tehran was to compare the plaque removal efficacy of new and 3-month- old toothbrushes in children. (who.int)
The objective of this study was to compare the plaque removal efficacy of a prototype manual Deep Clean toothbrush versus an American Dental Association (ADA) manual toothbrush and the ADA manual toothbrush in conjunction with floss. (thejcdp.com)

If those biofilms continues to accumulate in the long run, they develop into plaques and become calcium deposits. (vejthani.com)

Hein plaque index after children had brushed for 60 seconds with either a new or their used toothbrush. (who.int)
This study was a randomized, examiner-blind, six-period cross-over, single-center study conducted in 60 adult subjects that examined plaque removal with a prototype Deep Clean manual toothbrush, an ADA reference manual toothbrush, and an ADA reference manual toothbrush followed by floss. (thejcdp.com)
The prototype Deep Clean manual toothbrush delivered an adjusted (via ANCOVA) mean difference between baseline and post-brushing plaque scores of 0.245, while the ADA manual toothbrush plus floss delivered an adjusted mean difference of 0.207 versus 0.196 for the ADA manual toothbrush alone. (thejcdp.com)
The prototype Deep Clean manual toothbrush group had, on average, 25.2% and 18.3% greater plaque removal scores than the ADA manual toothbrush alone and the ADA manual toothbrush plus floss groups, respectively. (thejcdp.com)
0.001) greater plaque removal for the prototype Deep Clean manual toothbrush group relative to the other groups. (thejcdp.com)
The prototype manual Deep Clean toothbrush was found to deliver greater plaque removal by 25.2% and 18.3% compared to the control manual toothbrush group (ADA reference manual toothbrush) and ADA manual toothbrush plus floss group. (thejcdp.com)

On treatment days, subjects visited the clinic prior to hygiene/breakfast, had baseline plaque samples collected followed by rinsing for 30 seconds with 20 ml of assigned treatment. (umich.edu)
A mixed model analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for a crossover design with baseline plaque score as the covariate was applied to the baseline minus one-minute post-brushing differences in average whole-mouth plaque scores. (thejcdp.com)

3 ) used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to examine biofilms on trickling filters in a wastewater treatment plant and showed them to be composed of a variety of organisms (based on cell morphology). (cdc.gov)

Denture Plaque Biofilm Visual Assessment Methods: A Systematic Review. (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this systematic review , therefore, was to review and summarize the visual denture hygiene assessment methods using denture plaque indices and with planimetries published in the literature . (bvsalud.org)
Materials and Methods Candida albicans biofilms on acrylic resin plates were treated for 15 minutes with either nystatin, fluconazole, Polident, 220µM erythrosine + 1% (w/w) nano-TiO 2 + 15 J/cm 2 blue light photodynamic therapy (Ery PDT), or distilled water. (thieme-connect.de)

Toothbrushing frequency as it relates to plaque accumulation and gingival health. (thejcdp.com)

Close inspection of the implant showed residual cement as well as plaque and biofilm on the tissue surface of the restoration. (facialart.com)
Residual plaque area [Time Frame: Before treatment began, immediately after, and two weeks after treatment. (who.int)

[10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)

A greater understanding of biofilm processes should lead to novel, effective control strategies for biofilm control and a resulting improvement in patient management. (cdc.gov)
The results of this study suggest the potential of phages to control CPKP and other carbapenemase-producing organisms associated with microbial biofilms in the healthcare environment. (cdc.gov)

This means the current tooth brushing technique of the patient can effectively clean the areas covered with plaques. (vejthani.com)

Powered brushes were more effective than regular hand brushes, but using the powered version was not sufficient to remove all dental plaque. (rug.nl)
Thus, when a biofilm forms on an implant the current solution is to remove and replace the implant, and that brings a lot of possible complications. (stevens.edu)
Remember that not every patient will grasp how brushing, flossing and rinsing work together to help remove dental biofilm. (colgateprofessional.com)
It's essential to remove plaque daily by brushing every tooth surface. (colgate.com)

Where are Biofilms Found? (thepigsite.com)
But he and his colleagues found that P. aeruginosa forms biofilms only when it's been infected itself. (stanford.edu)
Compared with new brushes in the same subjects, no statistically significant differences were found for plaque score reductions for 3-month-old toothbrushes exhibiting various degrees of wear. (who.int)

Jake Waddilove, MA, VetMB, MRCVS, explains why the removal of biofilms is a vital stage in biosecurity for healthy pigs. (thepigsite.com)

Dr Ware's fine article in Medical Hypotheses 2009 , reveals there is no correlation between serum cholesterol and the amount of atherosclerotic plaque when reviewing either autopsy studies or coronary calcium score studies. (greenmedinfo.com)
It chelates magnesium, calcium and iron to down the biofilm. (medi-vet.com)

A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)

Biofilms are best removed by oxidative disinfectants (Virkon® S or Hyperox® from DuPont Animal Health Solutions). (thepigsite.com)

Some dental plaque is inevitable, but dental disease is not. (colgateprofessional.com)

Organisms4

Diseases2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes3

Bacteria27

Teeth31

Calculus3

Microorganisms17

Affect biofilm2

Supragingival biofilm4

Accumulates2

Saliva2

Buildup3

Diseases8

Gingivitis3

Cariogenic1

Dental plaques1

Pathogens2

Colonization3

Phage5

Bacterial plaque2

Surfaces3

Cavities1

Species1

Infections2

Antibiotics3

Dentaire4

Caries2

Formation6

Microbial cells3

Demineralization1

Extracellular3

Removal efficacy2

Accumulate1

Toothbrush6

Baseline plaque2

Wastewater1

Methods3

Accumulation1

Residual2

Phenotypic1

Control2

Effectively clean1

Remove4

Found3

Explains1

Calcium2

Bacterium1

Disinfectants1

Disease1