Plants with virus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Most plants do not move, and so plant-to-plant transmission usually involves vectors (such as insects). (wikipedia.org)
These approaches include analysis of spatial and temporal responses by plants to infection, and techniques that allow the expression of viral genes transiently or transgenically in planta, the expression of plant and foreign genes from virus vectors, the silencing of plants genes, imaging of live, infected cells, and the detection of interactions between viral proteins and plant gene products, both in planta and in various in vitro or in vivo systems. (springer.com)
Also, papers focusing on the microbe/virus side of interactions with plants facilitated by vectors including vector-borne diseases will be considered. (frontiersin.org)
Insects such as aphids and thrips are common vectors for plant viruses. (waltersgardens.com)
After the plant has been tested, it is still possible for it to become infected with a virus from vectors such as insects during production. (waltersgardens.com)
The book contains cutting-edge research in plant molecular virology, including pathogenic viroids and transport by insect vectors, interference with transmission to control viruses, synergism with pivotal coverage of RNA silencing, and the counter-defensive strategies used by viruses to overcome the silencing response in plants. (researchandmarkets.com)
Plant viruses are useful expression vectors because they can mount systemic infections allowing large amounts of recombinant protein to be produced rapidly in differentiated plant tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
Early vectors suffered from limitations such as instability and low yields, but this has been addressed by the genetic modification of vector sequences and by delivering virus vectors into plant cells using Agrobacterium tumefaciens [ 39 , 40 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This book describes, for the main vector groups, the current state of knowledge of what happens to viruses in their passage through their vectors and what interactions within the vector determine whether or not they are passed on to new plants. (elsevier.com)
The greenhouse contained a variety of plants used to study the transmission of viruses by aphid vectors. (cdc.gov)

There are benefits to plants, animals and the natural landscape when you skip bagging up fallen leaves and leave them on the ground. (fox59.com)

These findings show that Ci can work against human viral pathogens, including influenza viruses. (pharmacytimes.com)
Plant Viruses As Molecular Pathogens is the only book to bring you all of this information--22 chapters--in a single volume, compiled by specialists around the globe! (routledge.com)
With helpful illustrations, photos, figures, models that explain viral mechanisms, and easy-to-understand reference tables, Plant Viruses As Molecular Pathogens will stimulate your thinking on this fascinating area of plant science! (routledge.com)
Growers often jump to conclusions when they hear the word "virus" and don't consider that plant viruses are often not as destructive or common as diseases caused by fungal pathogens. (waltersgardens.com)
And how their pathogens, such as microsporidia, and the plant viruses that they vector manipulate their insect hosts? (academictransfer.com)
Dangerous pathogens like the Ebola virus use enzymes in their host cells in order to produce their own genetic information in proteins. (rural21.com)
Starting in the mid-1930s, virus research was revolutionised by advancements in biophysical and biochemical instrumentation, which allowed for the physicochemical isolation and analysis of these pathogens and heralded the dawn of molecular biology. (cam.ac.uk)

The great majority have an RNA genome, which is usually small and single stranded (ss), but some viruses have double-stranded (ds) RNA, ssDNA or dsDNA genomes. (wikipedia.org)
More recently virus research has been focused on understanding the genetics and molecular biology of plant virus genomes, with a particular interest in determining how the virus can replicate, move and infect plants. (wikipedia.org)
A variety of techniques have been used to examine plant viral genomes, the functions of virus-encoded proteins, plant responses induced by virus infection and plant-virus interactions. (springer.com)
RNA viruses tend to be particularly dangerous because they lack the 3'-5' proofreading function which edits out errors in replicated genomes. (science20.com)

With contributions from leading experts, this is a comprehensive reference for plant virologists, molecular biologists and others interested in characterization of plant viruses and disease management. (researchandmarkets.com)
Virion-Associated Nucleic Acid-Based Metagenomics: A Decade of Advances in Molecular Characterization of Plant Viruses. (bvsalud.org)

In addition, article submissions on major advancements in the understanding of viruses and subviral agents (nucleic acid satellites and viroids) that infect plants and algae are welcome. (frontiersin.org)
When viruses successfully infect plants, the infection often spreads through the entire organism. (oeaw.ac.at)
Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is an aphid transmitted Polerovirus responsible for severe yield losses in Brazil and is the first virus reported to infect cotton in the Southeastern United States. (auburn.edu)
Most viruses that infect plants need an intermediary (vector) for their spread between plants. (elsevier.com)

Collectively, viruses from 85 different families were reliably detected in these studies, including capsidless RNA viruses that replicate in fungi , oomycetes , and plants . (bvsalud.org)
Fungi are primitive plant-like organisms such as mushrooms, mold, mildew, and yeasts. (medlineplus.gov)
occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. (who.int)

Viruses in wild plants have not been well-studied, but the interactions between wild plants and their viruses often do not appear to cause disease in the host plants. (wikipedia.org)
Microbe and Virus Interactions with Plants is a Specialty Section of Frontiers in Microbiology devoted to communicating cutting-edge research on cellular microorganisms, viruses and subviral agents. (frontiersin.org)
In particular, we welcome papers that focus on the molecular, cellular or structural biology of virus-plant interactions, plant virus replication/gene expression, model studies of plant virus infections, plant viral populations and evolution, epidemiology, and the control of plant virus infections. (frontiersin.org)
For submissions focusing on the biology of host responses to interactions with microbes or viruses please consider pertinent specialties such as Plant Pathogen Interactions and Plant Symbiotic Interactions in Frontiers in Plant Science . (frontiersin.org)
All manuscripts must be submitted directly to the section Microbe and Virus Interactions with Plants, where they are peer-reviewed by the Associate and Review Editors of the specialty section. (frontiersin.org)
With an omics toolbox we identify not only metabolites but also genes and proteins in plants and insects that are important for the interactions between the two organisms. (academictransfer.com)
This new edition introduces new, emerging proteins involved in host-virus interactions and provides in-depth coverage of plant virus genes' interactions with host, localization and expression. (researchandmarkets.com)
This suggests that the plant mechanism is derived from an ancient process that regulated interactions between single-celled organisms and their environment already a long time ago. (norwegianscitechnews.com)

Antiviral ingredients found in the extracts from the medicinal plant cistus incanus (Ci) have been found to inhibit viral proteins from infecting healthy cells. (pharmacytimes.com)
The team will continue to focus on exploring the potential of these plant-based antivirals using humans to study the active antiviral ingredients. (pharmacytimes.com)
Marco Incarbone, now at MPIMP Golm, Gabriele Bradamante and their co-authors at the Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI) uncovered that salicylic acid and RNA interference mediate this antiviral immunity of plant stem cells. (oeaw.ac.at)
Salicylic acid and RNA interference mediate antiviral immunity of plant stem cells. (oeaw.ac.at)
He said the goal is to develop antiviral therapeutics to combat plant diseases globally. (ctpublic.org)

Although plant viruses are not as well understood as their animal counterparts, one plant virus has become very recognizable: tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the first virus to be discovered. (wikipedia.org)
The discovery of plant viruses causing disease is often accredited to A. Mayer (1886) working in the Netherlands demonstrated that the sap of mosaic obtained from tobacco leaves developed mosaic symptom when injected in healthy plants. (wikipedia.org)
In 1898, Martinus Beijerinck, who was a Professor of Microbiology at the Technical University the Netherlands, put forth his concepts that viruses were small and determined that the "mosaic disease" remained infectious when passed through a Chamberland filter-candle. (wikipedia.org)
12. Schoelz, J.E., Shepherd, R.J., and Daubert, S. (1986) Region VI of cauliflower mosaic virus encodes a host range determinant. (springer.com)
14. Gowda, S., Wu, F.C., Scholthof, H.B., and Shepherd, R.J. (1989) Gene VI of figwort mosaic virus (caulimovirus group) functions in posttranscriptional expression of genes on the fulllength RNA transcript. (springer.com)
The star of this approach is the tobacco mild green mosaic virus, a plant virus that has the ability to move through soil with ease. (sciencedaily.com)
Moreover, the tobacco mild green mosaic virus is already approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for use as an herbicide to control an invasive plant called the tropical soda apple. (sciencedaily.com)
Using this dynamic, semi-quantitative approach, the researchers observed that Turnip mosaic virus - their plant model virus of choice - spreads in their model plant Arabidopsis thaliana , arrives at the stem cells within the shoot tip , and even enters these cells, but is then quickly excluded. (oeaw.ac.at)
In the fight against Turnip mosaic virus, both salicylic acid and RDR1 are necessary to expel the virus from the stem cells - however, RDR1 is not produced within the stem cells themselves, but in the tissue below the stem cells and in the vasculature, Incarbone adds. (oeaw.ac.at)
Visible symptoms vary by virus but commonly include abnormal dark green and light green mosaic and mottling of leaves, ring patterns on the foliage, necrotic spots, bumps on the foliage, distortion, reduced vigor, stunting, and abnormal formation or discoloration of the flowers. (waltersgardens.com)
His Ph.D. was on the molecular characterization of sugarcane viruses, i.e., mosaic, streak mosaic, and yellow luteovirus. (researchandmarkets.com)
Transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing the CP gene of WMV II or ZYMV showed protection against symptom development when inoculated with WMV II and six other potyviruses: bean yellow mosaic (BYMV), potato Y (PVY), pea mosaic (PeaMV), clover yellow vein (CYVV), pepper mottle (PeMV), and tobacco etch (TEV). (apsnet.org)
Lomonossoff, G.P. Cowpea mosaic virus: the plant virus-based biotechnology workhorse. (eurekaselect.com)
Ghodssi, R. Tobacco Mosaic Virus as a Versatile Platform for Molecular Assembly and Device Fabrication. (eurekaselect.com)
Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) (genus Potexvirus , family Flexiviridae ), a widespread plant virus, is a promising candidate expression vector for plants because of its high level of accumulation in its hosts and the absence of severe infection symptoms. (biomedcentral.com)

One consequence of such high replication rates are populations of RNA viruses thought to exist as "quasispecies," clouds of genetically related variants that appear to work together to determine the pathology of their hosts. (science20.com)
Our experiments have also highlighted virus requirements for replication in single cells as well as intercellular and long-distance movement. (biomedcentral.com)
Some viruses have an outer envelope consisting of protein and lipid, surrounding a protein capsid complex with genomic RNA or DNA and sometimes enzymes needed for the first steps of viral replication. (msdmanuals.com)
Classification of viruses is principally according to their genome sequence taking into consideration nature and structure of their genome and their method of replication, but not according to the diseases they cause (see International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), 2021 release ). (msdmanuals.com)
Certain single-strand, (+) sense RNA viruses termed retroviruses use a very different method of replication. (msdmanuals.com)

Plant defenses against viral infection include, among other measures, the use of siRNA in response to dsRNA. (wikipedia.org)
The routine screening of bees for frequent and rare viruses "resulted in the serendipitous detection of Tobacco Ringspot Virus, or TRSV, and prompted an investigation into whether this plant-infecting virus could also cause systemic infection in the bees," says Yan Ping Chen from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) laboratory in Beltsville, Maryland, an author on the study. (science20.com)
The results of our study provide the first evidence that honeybees exposed to virus-contaminated pollen can also be infected and that the infection becomes widespread in their bodies," says lead author Ji Lian Li, at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science in Beijing. (science20.com)
A small group of plant stem cells, however, successfully defends itself from infection. (oeaw.ac.at)
Through a series of targeted experiments, the researchers were able to see that during virus infection, salicylic acid production is activated. (oeaw.ac.at)
While we know infection triggers an overall increase in salicylic acid, we do not yet know where in the plant and at what time during infection this happens. (oeaw.ac.at)
In this paper, we derive a simple system of delay differential equations that describes the spread of infection throughout the plant by barley and cereal yellow dwarf viruses via the cell-to-cell mechanism. (aimsciences.org)
Our parameter estimates suggest that varying the nutrient supply of nitrogen and phosphorous can alter the dynamics of the infection in plants, specifically reducing the rate of viral production and the rate of infection in certain cases. (aimsciences.org)
The effective silvestrol concentration proved nontoxic to human cells, and the authors accordingly see silvestrol as a highly promising means to push back against an Ebola virus infection. (rural21.com)
In this context, pVNPs are safer than VNPs derived from mammalian viruses because there is no risk of infection or reversion to pathogenicity. (eurekaselect.com)
The complex will be sprayed on plants' canopy for slow release of RNA into plant leaves, which will induce RNA interference (RNAi), a cascade of natural enzymatic reactions in the plants that result in viral infection suppression. (ctpublic.org)
This line has been developed to express the coat protein of papaya ringspot virus (PRV) which confers resistance to infection by the virus. (canada.ca)
Sampling wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 as it enters a treatment plant (referred to as untreated influent) is used to evaluate trends in infection within the community contributing water to the sewer system. (cdc.gov)
The live recombinant vaccine has shown effectiveness of 97.5% in preventing infection among 90,000 individuals in an active Ebola virus outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo. (medscape.com)
ABSTRACT We assessed the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and associated risk factors for all 298 haemodialysis patients in 7 dialysis units in Guilan province. (who.int)

This overview considers these technologies and how they have been used to identify novel viral and plant proteins or genes involved in disease and resistance responses, as well as defense signaling. (springer.com)
We have generated a novel tool for the expression of recombinant proteins in plants and for the functional analysis of virus and plant genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Molecular and inheritance analysis indicates that line 55-1 contains the PRV CP gene and the nptII and gus plant-expressible marker genes at one integration site in the papaya genome. (canada.ca)
The proteins used as marker genes have been previously evaluated for toxicological safety as they are commonly used as marker genes in genetically modified plants. (canada.ca)

The recent boom in technology allowing humans to manipulate plant viruses may provide new strategies for production of value-added proteins in plants. (wikipedia.org)
The structure of a virus is given by its coat of proteins, which surround the viral genome. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we demonstrate that non-infectious SARS-CoV-2 VLPs can be successfully assembled by co-expressing three important viral proteins membrane (M), envelop (E) and nucleocapsid (N) in plants. (nature.com)
Understanding the mechanism of such effectors and identification of the plant proteins with which they interact is important for developing more resistant plants, in collaboration with the plant-breeding industry. (academictransfer.com)
In this project we aim to determine the effect of microsporidia and viruses on the effectorome of thrips and on the plant proteins with which relevant effectors interact. (academictransfer.com)
Production of virus proteins is also largely suppressed if the natural substance is used. (rural21.com)
Grünweller and his colleagues investigated whether the natural substance silvestrol inhibits a cell enzyme which the Ebola virus needs to produce its own proteins. (rural21.com)
Our experiments show that the Ebola virus depends on the host cell's eIF4A enzyme to produce its own proteins. (rural21.com)
As the scientists observed, silvestrol's inhibiting effect is also evident if the substance is used against other viruses which need eIF4A to produce their virus proteins. (rural21.com)
The past 30 years have seen the growth of plant molecular farming as an approach to the production of recombinant proteins for pharmaceutical and biotechnological uses. (jic.ac.uk)
Virus resistant papaya differs from its traditional counterpart in the expression of three novel proteins (PRV CP, NPTII, and GUS). (canada.ca)

Turturo C, Friscina A, Gaubert S, Jacquemond M, Thompson JR, Tepfer M (in press) Evaluation of the potential risks associated with recombination in transgenic plants expressing viral sequences. (cambridge.org)
Transgenic plants expressing the WMV II CP gene generally showed better protection against these potyviruses than those expressing the ZYMV CP gene. (apsnet.org)
Given this and other reports, it appears that transgenic plants that express a potyvirus CP gene will show at least a noticeable level of protection against symptom development when challenged by other potyviruses. (apsnet.org)

All work that proposes changes to existing taxonomy and nomenclature needs to be presented in compliance with the guidelines issued by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) or the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). (frontiersin.org)
Severe and fatal central ner- mittee on Taxonomy of Viruses rec- sis (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.gov/Blast. (cdc.gov)

In 1939 Holmes published a classification list of 129 plant viruses. (wikipedia.org)
Virus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses. (springer.com)

Most plant viruses encode a protein to suppress this response. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding the virus genetics and protein functions has been used to explore the potential for commercial use by biotechnology companies. (wikipedia.org)
Over one hundred vaccines using varied approaches including protein subunit, viral vector, RNA, DNA, inactivated virus, attenuated virus, and virus like particles (VLPs) platforms are in clinical trials. (nature.com)
These protein subunits can assemble into virus particles without viral RNA genome in mammalian cells to study virus-cell entry 2 and to develop vaccines 3 . (nature.com)
Each virus species has a unique coat protein (CP). (natureasia.com)
Preparing antibodies that stick to this particular protein can be used to detect the presence of the virus. (natureasia.com)
Shukla, D.D. Expression of potyvirus coat protein in Escherichia coli and yeast and its assembly into virus-like particles. (eurekaselect.com)
A previous study had reported pineapple sweet orange plants transformed with a hairpin construct from the CPsV coat protein gene ( ihpCP ). (isaaa.org)
We explored several strategies for vector development including coat protein (CP) replacement, duplication of the CP subgenomic promoter (SGP) and the creation of a fusion protein using the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide. (biomedcentral.com)
The plasmid construct consisted of the neomycin phosphotransferase II ( nptII), -glucuronidase (gus), and papaya ringspot virus coat protein (PRV CP) gene coding sequences and the regulatory components necessary for expression. (canada.ca)
The plant expression of the viral coat protein confers the ability to resist the PRV. (canada.ca)
Eclectic volumes in the serial are supplemented by thematic volumes on such topics as Plant Protein Kinases, and Plant Trichomes. (elsevier.com)

Virus-like particles (VLPs) enable the construction of promising platforms in the field of vaccine development. (nature.com)
This is because the virus particles are labile, and the virus is present only in the phloem cells, therefore having a relatively low concentration," says Yusuf Abu Jawdah, a plant pathologist at AUB who led the research. (natureasia.com)
This review will explore the history and current status of plant-produced vaccine candidates against enveloped viruses to date, with a particular focus on virus-like particles (VLPs), which mimic authentic virus structures but do not contain infectious genetic material. (jic.ac.uk)
Briggs, M. Virus-like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis. (eurekaselect.com)
Chackerian, B. Virus-like particles: flexible platforms for vaccine development. (eurekaselect.com)

Further, VLPs have the advantage that, contrary to inactivated or attenuated viruses that must be prepared in mammalian cell lines, they can be produced in heterologous systems, such as bacteria, yeasts, insect cells, or plants. (nature.com)

Viruses are a threat to all organisms, including plants. (oeaw.ac.at)
Instead of using GMOs, or genetically modified organisms, scientists are using plant RNA molecules - naturally occurring genetic molecules that can help activate a plant's defense mechanism to defeat a virus. (ctpublic.org)

Any symptomatic plants should be quarantined and tested immediately. (waltersgardens.com)
In a triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with poly- and monoclonal antibodies specific for BBTV (1), the samples from symptomatic plants gave positive reactions (OD infected ≥ OD healthy + 3SE healthy). (apsnet.org)

The new ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays) kits detect cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), which infects cucumbers, melon, squash and watermelon, and prune dwarf virus (PDV), which infects stone fruits like peach, almond, and nectarine. (natureasia.com)

This small group of cells generates all plant tissues above ground, including the next plant generation, and for reasons still poorly understood, viruses are unable to proliferate in these cells. (oeaw.ac.at)
Still, the stem cells keep a mystery: plant viruses frequently evade and suppress RNA interference in other plant tissues. (oeaw.ac.at)
Symptomatic plant tissues should be sent to virus testing laboratories for more accurate testing and identification procedures. (waltersgardens.com)

Virus symptoms can be difficult to identify because they often resemble other cultural issues such as nutrient disorders, herbicide injuries, or fungal diseases. (waltersgardens.com)
In some cases, plants may exhibit multiple symptoms or may not show symptoms at all. (waltersgardens.com)
When growing perennials susceptible to tospoviruses (INSV and TSWV), growers could intersperse indicator plants such as the fava bean throughout susceptible crops as they tend to rapidly show symptoms of these viruses. (waltersgardens.com)
Therefore, growers should inspect incoming plants for virus symptoms. (waltersgardens.com)
Once plants become infected, they are always infected even if no visible symptoms are expressed. (waltersgardens.com)
Banana plants of the Cavendish subgroup (Musa AAA, locally known as "Kabuthu") with classical banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) symptoms were observed to be widespread in Thiwi Valley, Salima Agricultural Development Division, Malawi. (apsnet.org)
Young leaf and midrib samples from apparently healthy plants and plants with symptoms were transported to the United Kingdom for testing. (apsnet.org)
The presence of both the virus and its vector has the potential for causing great economic damage to this important banana-growing region, and recommendations have been made to eradicate all plants with symptoms. (apsnet.org)
More than 400 employees are self-isolating because they either have been around employees who have the virus or are displaying symptoms. (georgiawatch.org)
This presentation focuses on an earlier period, when the mere existence of viruses was uncertain, as they could only be studied indirectly through the observation of their hosts' disease symptoms. (cam.ac.uk)
Line ihpCP-15 manifested complete resistance while line ihpCP-10 was tolerant to the virus, showing delay and attenuation in PsB symptoms. (isaaa.org)
But for other infections, such as some caused by viruses, you can only treat your symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)

This was no abstract worry: At the Smithfield Foods plant, the locker rooms were so tightly packed Amosa's husband told her he sometimes had to push his way through a crowd. (claimsjournal.com)

Since a plant-derived antibody cocktail to Ebola virus in 2014 had been shown to be effective 5 , more studies and cases have been reported. (nature.com)
Biochemists and virologists at Marburg University in Germany successfully tested an inhibitor of the African Ebola virus produced from a plant substance. (rural21.com)
A plant substance works against the Ebola virus. (rural21.com)
We studied under the strictest security conditions what effect silvestrol has on human cells infected with the Ebola virus," Grünweller explains. (rural21.com)
Experimental inoculation of plants and animals with Ebola virus. (cdc.gov)
Ebola virus is one of at least 30 known viruses capable of causing viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] The outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa from 2014 to 2016, involving Zaire ebolavirus , was the largest outbreak of Ebola virus disease in history. (medscape.com)
Ebola virus. (medscape.com)
As of September 17, 2019, an active outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) had resulted in 3,034 confirmed and 111 probable cases of Ebola virus disease, including 2,103 attributable deaths. (medscape.com)
These antibodies target the glycoprotein (GP) on the Ebola virus surface, thereby blocking attachment and entry of the virus on host cell membranes. (medscape.com)

Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 12, Issue. (cambridge.org)

The possible use of PepMV as a virus-induced gene silencing vector to study gene function was also demonstrated. (biomedcentral.com)
The PRV CP gene is derived from the papaya ringspot virus strain PRV HA 5-1. (canada.ca)

Handbook of Plant Virus Diseases presents basic information about viral-caused and viral-like diseases in many cultivated crops. (chipsbooks.com)
Researchers modified these virus nanoparticles, rendering them noninfectious to crops by removing their RNA. (sciencedaily.com)
Of course, viruses can cause injury to crops and since there is no cure, they should be taken seriously. (waltersgardens.com)
Walters Gardens has a rigorous virus-indexing program in place to ensure only healthy crops reach their customers. (waltersgardens.com)
Farmers in Lebanon whose crops have long been plagued by plant diseases have reason to celebrate. (natureasia.com)
Plant viruses destroy over $30 billion in global crops a year. (ctpublic.org)
Roger Plumb has spent more than 30 years working on the epidemiology and transmission of plant viruses, mainly of temperate cereals but also of tropical and subtropical crops. (elsevier.com)

Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. (wikipedia.org)
DNA viruses typically replicate in the host cell nucleus, and RNA viruses typically replicate in the cytoplasm. (msdmanuals.com)

Sharing of influenza viruses and access to vaccines and other benefits resumed its deliberations on the development of a framework for the sharing of influenza viruses and benefits. (who.int)
1. In resolution WHA60.28 "Pandemic Influenza Preparedness: sharing of influenza viruses and access to vaccines and other benefits" the Health Assembly requested the Director-General, inter alia, to convene an Intergovernmental Meeting. (who.int)
2. At the resumed session of the Intergovernmental Meeting in December 2008, the Director-General submitted a progress report on the establishment of the WHO influenza virus traceability mechanism.1 The report provided details of recommendation on how the interim traceability system, launched in January 2008, could be made more efficient and user friendly in order to respond to Member States' requirements. (who.int)
3. Since the suspension of the session in December 2008, the Secretariat has taken the following steps in order to continue improving the influenza virus traceability mechanism. (who.int)
5. Based on these detailed specifications, the Secretariat decided that internal development of the influenza virus traceability mechanism would yield a mechanism that most closely responded to the Intergovernmental Meeting's request and the needs identified by stakeholders, all in the most efficient, cost-effective and sustainable manner. (who.int)
Invitation for Contributions, encouraging interested parties to submit complete software systems or discrete components that could enhance the influenza virus traceability mechanism. (who.int)
8. Any contributions accepted by WHO will be integrated into the influenza virus traceability mechanism. (who.int)
9. The expected launch date of the influenza virus traceability mechanism is late 2009. (who.int)
The [WHO Network] serves as a global alert mechanism for the emergence of influenza viruses with important features, including those with pandemic potential. (who.int)
ustekinumab decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
adalimumab decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
altretamine decreases effects of influenza virus vaccine quadrivalent, adjuvanted by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)

3. Davies, J.W. and Hull, R. (1982) Genome expression of plant positive-strand RNA viruses. (springer.com)
Staginnus C, Richert-Pöggeler KR (2006) Endogenous pararetroviruses: two-faced travelers in the plant genome. (cambridge.org)
Each semi-artificial dataset allows to test one or several limitations that could prevent virus detection or a correct virus identification from HTS data ( i.e. low viral concentration, new viral species, non-complete genome). (datadryad.org)
Positive-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded RNA genome that can serve as messenger RNA (mRNA) that can be directly translated to produce an amino acid sequence. (msdmanuals.com)
Negative-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded negative-sense genome that first must synthesize a complementary positive-sense antigenome, which is then used to make genomic negative-sense RNA. (msdmanuals.com)
the genome of RNA viruses ranges from 3.5 kilobases (some retroviruses) to 27 kilobases (some reoviruses), and the genome of DNA viruses ranges from 5 kilobases (some parvoviruses) to 280 kilobases (some poxviruses). (msdmanuals.com)
This manageable size together with the current advances in nucleotide sequencing technology means that partial and whole virus genome sequencing will become an essential component in epidemiologic investigations of disease outbreaks. (msdmanuals.com)

The new kits promise to decrease virus detection costs and improve agricultural yield. (natureasia.com)
Researchers at the American University of Beirut (AUB), Lebanon, have developed new plant virus detection kits for diseases that reduce crop yields and cause economic loss throughout the country. (natureasia.com)
Finally, strengths and weaknesses of the VANA approach are summarized and perspectives of applications in detection , epidemiological surveillance, environmental monitoring , and ecology of plant viruses are provided. (bvsalud.org)

These sources of genetic diversity, coupled with large population sizes, further facilitate the adaption of RNA viruses to new selective conditions such as those imposed by novel hosts. (science20.com)
Plant viruses threaten the health of their hosts, can spread swiftly and globally, and challenge agricultural productivity. (oeaw.ac.at)
Viral dynamics within plant hosts can be important for understanding plant disease prevalence and impacts. (aimsciences.org)

As a new strain, transmission and host plant resistance to CLRDV-AL are unknown and require investigation. (auburn.edu)

This handbook organizes cultivated plants into groups according to their final destinations and uses after harvest-a useful grouping system that indicates that some diseases, their resultant epidemiology, and control measures are characteristic within different groups. (chipsbooks.com)
While information is being gathered about the causative virus and its epidemiology, provisional recommendations can be made on the basis of knowledge about related hantaviruses. (cdc.gov)

To transmit from one plant to another and from one plant cell to another, plant viruses must use strategies that are usually different from animal viruses. (wikipedia.org)

During this SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many studies on the development of plant-derived vaccines and antibodies are underway. (nature.com)
Southern's filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission is the second in a month the utility has filed regarding Plant Vogtle and the pandemic. (georgiawatch.org)
Meeting held in Geneva in November 2007, Member States adopted an Interim Statement mandating WHO to "establish a technical and feasible traceability mechanism as soon as possible within WHO to track all shared H5N1 and other potentially pandemic human viruses and parts thereof. (who.int)

The Plant Vogtle project has been dogged by vendor delays, contractor changes and cost increases, and Southern is under pressure to finish the reactors by November 2021 and 2022. (georgiawatch.org)

A vector is a carrier of a virus which transmits it to uninfected plants. (waltersgardens.com)
The aphid vector of this virus, Pentalonia nigronervosa , was abundant on bananas in this area (H. Thindwa, personal communication ). (apsnet.org)
We report here the construction of a stable and efficient expression vector for plants based on PepMV. (biomedcentral.com)
A stable PepMV vector was generated by expressing the transgene as a CP fusion using the sequence encoding the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide to separate them. (biomedcentral.com)

1. Hull, R. (2002) Matthews' Plant Virology , 4th ed. (springer.com)
Here you'll find new and useful information about plant molecular virology and how the field can improve the world food situation in the coming years. (routledge.com)

We study how insects deploy proteinaceous effectors to modulate plant defenses. (academictransfer.com)
Are you a skilled researcher in Plant Biology and intrigued by how pest insects, such as thrips, modulate plant defenses? (academictransfer.com)
Most plants have plenty of enemies, from insects and other grazing creatures to various diseases, droughts and many other stressors. (norwegianscitechnews.com)

Thus, RNA viruses are a likely source of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases," explain these researchers. (science20.com)

2. Zaitlin, M. and Palukaitis, P. (2000) Advances in understanding plant viruses and virus disease. (springer.com)
The last decade has seen remarkable advances in plant virological research, owing mainly to the rapid progress made in molecular biology and genetic engineering in recent years. (routledge.com)
In 1995, Advances in Botanical Research was merged with Advances in Plant Pathology to provide one comprehensive resource for the plant science community, with equal coverage of plant pathology and botany in both thematic and mixed volumes. (elsevier.com)
Now edited by J.A. Callow (University of Birmingham, UK), supported by an international Editorial Board, Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics which will appeal to post-graduates and researchers in plant sciences including botany, plant biochemistry, plant pathology and plant physiology. (elsevier.com)
In 1999, the Institute for Scientific Information released figures showing that Advances in Botanical Research has an Impact Factor of 4.378, placing it 8th in the highly competitive category of Plant Sciences. (elsevier.com)

Furthermore, we described the versatility of plant viruses, with innate immunostimulatory properties, in providing a huge natural resource of carriers that can be used to develop the next generation of sustainable vaccines. (eurekaselect.com)

The OCHD said city of Rochelle, IL officials were briefed on the need to close the plant after 24 cases of COVID-19 were linked to the facility, spread across three countries. (foodmanufacturing.com)

Over 50% of known plant viruses are rod-shaped (flexuous or rigid). (wikipedia.org)
Notably, about 5% of known plant viruses are pollen-transmitted and thus potential sources of host-jumping viruses. (science20.com)

Black currant reversion virus (BRV) is the first identified mite-transmitted member of the genus Nepovirus (family Comoviridae ). (bspp.org.uk)
Viruses of the genus Lys- no conserved motifs were detected in 2011;6:e27066. (cdc.gov)

A viral pathogen that typically infects plants has been found in honeybees and could help explain their decline. (science20.com)
The PRV virus is a viral pathogen belonging to the potyvirus group of plant viruses and is considered the major limiting factor in commercial papaya production throughout the world. (canada.ca)

In the rapidly evolving field of nanotechnology, plant virus nanoparticles (pVNPs) are emerging as powerful tools in diverse applications ranging from biomedicine to materials science. (eurekaselect.com)
Over $600,000 in federal funding will help the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station develop ways to prevent diseases that kill plants using nanotechnology. (ctpublic.org)

The British Society for Plant Pathology is a registered charity and a limited company. (bspp.org.uk)
He recently retired as Head of Plant Pathology and Deputy Director from IACR-Rothamsted where he continues to work as a Lawes Trust Senior Fellow. (elsevier.com)

Workers inside Smithfield Foods' Sioux Falls, S.D., pork processing plant wear protective gear and are separated by plastic partitions as they carve up meat on May 20, 2020. (theepochtimes.com)
We summarize herein the results of 24 VANA-based studies, focusing on plant and insect samples conducted over the last decade (2010 to 2020). (bvsalud.org)

Past work on a close relative of tobacco had provided clues that RNA interference - a pathway that inhibits virus proliferation in plants and many animals - plays a role in virus exclusion in plants. (oeaw.ac.at)

Why can viruses suppress RNA interference in most of the plant, but not in these special cells? (oeaw.ac.at)

Therefore, the central case study is an institution emblematic of the development of state-sponsored agricultural research in the first half of the twentieth century: the Potato Virus Research Station, installed in Cambridge in 1927 to study and control plant virus diseases. (cam.ac.uk)

Plants are being considered as an alternative vaccine/mAb production system, especially in unexpected or emergency situations that cannot be solved by existing systems. (nature.com)
Much of this effort has focused on producing vaccine candidates against viral diseases, including those caused by enveloped viruses. (jic.ac.uk)

As with humans, plants respond to injuries or illnesses by initiating various defence measures. (norwegianscitechnews.com)
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are transmitted to humans primarily through the bites of infected mosquitoes or ticks, and in the continental United States, West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of domestically acquired arboviral disease. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobials - a collective term for antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitics - are medicines used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants. (who.int)

RDR1 ramps up production of double-stranded RNA from viral RNA, giving plants more virus-specific sequences to direct the defense mechanism against the invading virus. (oeaw.ac.at)
Possible roles of endogenous plant viral sequences. (cambridge.org)

the report excludes chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika virus disease cases, because these infections were acquired primarily through travel during 2021. (medscape.com)

The Department conducted a comprehensive assessment of this virus resistant papaya according to the Guidelines for the Safety Assessment of Novel Foods. (canada.ca)
The modification was a result of using particle mediated transformation which introduced a DNA construct into papaya plant cells. (canada.ca)
Virus resistant papaya line 55-1 is expected to be used in similar applications as other papaya varieties by the food industry. (canada.ca)
Health Canada's review of the information presented in support of the food use of virus resistant papaya line 55-1, concluded that this line does not present human food safety concerns. (canada.ca)

Marco Incarbone, previously a postdoctoral researcher in the group of Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid at the Gregor Mendel Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (GMI) and now a group leader at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology in Germany sought to uncover the molecular bases of how stem cells in the shoot apical meristem fight off viruses together with PhD student Gabriele Bradamante and other GMI group members. (oeaw.ac.at)
The Plant Physiology research group of the Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, one of the eight institutes of the University of Amsterdam's Faculty of Science (FNWI) investigates the molecular and physiological basis of plant signaling cascades in response to biotic stress, with a focus on the role of plant metabolites. (academictransfer.com)

Currently, postdoctoral fellow Lauri Vaahtera and PhD candidate Julia Schulz are working on understanding the principles that regulate the mechanism and alter the plants' chemical composition. (norwegianscitechnews.com)

Anatomy22

Organisms112

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science4

Health Care5

Vectors10

Skip1

Pathogens7

Genomes4

Characterization of plant viruses2

Infect4

Fungi3

Interactions8

Antiviral5

Mosaic15

Replication5

Infection15

Genes4

Proteins11

Transgenic plants3

Taxonomy of Viruses2

Classification2

Protein12

Particles5

Bacteria1

Organisms2

Symptomatic plants2

Watermelon1

Tissues3

Symptoms12

Abstract1

Ebola Virus10

Frontiers in Plant Science1

Gene2

Crops7

Replicate2

Influenza12

Genome7

Detection3

Hosts3

Resistance1

Epidemiology2

Animal viruses1

Pandemic3

20221

Vector4

Virology2

Insects3

Infectious diseases1

Advances5

Vaccines1

Cases of COVID-191

Known plant viruses2

Genus2

Viral pathogen2

Nanotechnology2

Pathology2

20202

Tobacco1

Suppress1

Potato1

Vaccine2

Humans3

Sequences2

20211

Papaya4

Physiology2

Mechanism1